EP0838655B1 - Shotgun pellet - Google Patents
Shotgun pellet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0838655B1 EP0838655B1 EP97117566A EP97117566A EP0838655B1 EP 0838655 B1 EP0838655 B1 EP 0838655B1 EP 97117566 A EP97117566 A EP 97117566A EP 97117566 A EP97117566 A EP 97117566A EP 0838655 B1 EP0838655 B1 EP 0838655B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- less
- weight
- zinc
- tin
- shot
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 title description 6
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B7/00—Shotgun ammunition
- F42B7/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with propellant charge and missile
- F42B7/04—Cartridges, i.e. cases with propellant charge and missile of pellet type
- F42B7/046—Pellets or shot therefor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to shot for ammunition purposes with a diameter of 1.5 to 5.5 mm based of tin and zinc.
- Steel pellets have been particularly useful in Forests not proven. They are already banned in Denmark since they are too serious in processing the wood Damage to the cutting tools and on top of that lead to rust and discoloration effects. Moreover steel balls tend to ricochet and are therefore extremely dangerous for hunted use because they do not impact Absorb deformation energy (DEVA Altenbeken report June 1992 for German Hunting Protection Association in Bonn).
- Zinc-based shot for example manufactured in accordance with GB-A-2,211,920 (basis for the preamble of claim 1), has definitely been used in sport and hunting shooting proven (see Die Pirsch, 1995, Issue 10), but they are Shot pellets are still limited to the cutting tools damage to the veneer and wood industry.
- WO 94/25817 discloses shot ammunition or bullet ammunition to produce from an alloy containing at least 55% zinc and the rest of bismuth and tin, the tin content may not exceed 10%. Alloys are preferred containing 70% zinc and up to 30% by weight bismuth and only small amounts of tin. This ammunition is not for hunting purposes but only suitable as sports ammunition.
- the invention has therefore set itself the task of grist to provide which is practically lead free and is non-toxic, has good ballistic properties, is easy to work with and similar when it stays in the wood how lead does not damage wood cutting tools. Furthermore, there should be no balls remaining in the wood Discolour the wood. In addition, the shot material may none in the paper and cellulose industry either Operational malfunctions or quality problems cause there the waste from wood processing is recycled.
- grist Base of tin and zinc which is characterized by that it contains besides tin and the usual inevitable Impurities 12 to 60% by weight zinc and 0 to 5% by weight Aluminum, but less than 0.1 wt% copper, less than 0.1% iron and less than 1% lead.
- Shot which in addition to tin contains 20 to 40% by weight of zinc and 0.05 contains up to 0.15 wt .-% aluminum.
- the contain preferably Shot pellets less than 0.05 wt% copper, less than 0.05% by weight iron and less than 0.5% by weight lead.
- the meal according to the invention can be produced in a conventional manner are made by pouring the liquid alloy into Chill molds in a sufficiently high tower filled with air or in a liquid bath, which leads to a faster cooling leads.
- Another, albeit more complex, method The manufacture consists in that the alloy becomes one Wire is processed, which by an appropriate Form roller is processed into shot pellets. The remaining one Rest of the wire can be returned to the process become.
- An alloy of approx. 70% tin and approx. 30% zinc is used, which is easy to cast.
- Alloys less suitable for casting can be made by Processing into a wire and subsequent pressing Balls are processed into usable grist.
- zinc types Z1 to Z4 are preferred because they contain significantly less lead, iron and copper.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Contacts (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Non-Silver Salt Photosensitive Materials And Non-Silver Salt Photography (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
- Lifting Devices For Agricultural Implements (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Electrical Connectors (AREA)
- Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist Schrot für Munitionszwecke mit einem Durchmesser von 1,5 bis 5,5 mm auf Basis von Zinn und Zink.The present invention relates to shot for ammunition purposes with a diameter of 1.5 to 5.5 mm based of tin and zinc.
Aus der US-A-5,500,183 ist bekannt, Geschoßkugeln aber auch Patronenschrot statt aus Blei herzustellen aus Legierungen, die überwiegend Zinn enthalten und darüber hinaus 0,2 bis 10 Gew.-% Kupfer, wobei als weitere Legierungskomponenten Antimon, Zink, Magnesium, Aluminium genannt sind. Sofern Zink eingesetzt wird, soll die Menge 0,005 bis 10 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 0,001 bis 1 Gew.-% betragen.It is known from US-A-5,500,183, but projectile bullets are also known Cartridge shot instead of lead from alloys, which mostly contain tin and moreover 0.2 to 10 wt .-% copper, being as further alloy components Antimony, zinc, magnesium, aluminum are called. Provided Zinc is used, the amount should be 0.005 to 10 wt .-%, preferably 0.001 to 1% by weight.
Dieses Material erfüllt bereits die Eigenschaft praktisch frei von Blei und Cadmium zu sein, die aus Umweltschutzgründen nicht mehr zur Anwendung kommen sollen. Der Kupfergehalt wird als wesentlich angesehen für die inneren und äußeren ballistischen Eigenschaften der Kugeln. Es hat sich jedoch gezeigt, daß kupferhaltige Legierungen zu einer unerwünschten sehr starken Verfärbung des Holzes führen, wenn derartige Schrotkugeln ins Holz gelangen und dieses Holz zu Furnieren verarbeitet werden soll.This material already practically fulfills the property to be free of lead and cadmium for environmental reasons should no longer be used. The copper content is considered essential for the inner and outer ballistic properties of the balls. It has however, copper-containing alloys have been shown to be an undesirable very severe discoloration of the wood if such shot balls get into the wood and this wood Veneers to be processed.
Stahlschrote haben sich insbesondere für die Anwendung in Wäldern nicht bewährt. Sie sind in Dänemark bereits verboten worden, da sie bei der Verarbeitung des Holzes zu schwerwiegenden Beschädigungen der Schneidwerkzeuge führen und obendrein zu Rost- und Verfärbungseffekten führen. Außerdem neigen Stahlkugeln zum Abprallen und somit zu großer Gefährdung bei jaglicher Verwendung, weil sie beim Aufprall keine Verformungsenergie aufnehmen (Bericht DEVA Altenbeken Juni 1992 für Deutschen Jagdschutz-Verband in Bonn). Steel pellets have been particularly useful in Forests not proven. They are already banned in Denmark since they are too serious in processing the wood Damage to the cutting tools and on top of that lead to rust and discoloration effects. Moreover steel balls tend to ricochet and are therefore extremely dangerous for hunted use because they do not impact Absorb deformation energy (DEVA Altenbeken report June 1992 for German Hunting Protection Association in Bonn).
Schrot auf Basis von Zink, beispielsweise hergestellt gemäß GB-A-2,211,920 (Basis für den Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1), hat sich bei Sport- und Jagdschießen durchaus bewährt (vgl. Die Pirsch, 1995, Heft 10), jedoch sind derartige Schrotkugeln noch bedingt in der Lage, die Schneidwerkzeuge der Furnier- und Holzindustrie zu beschädigen.Zinc-based shot, for example manufactured in accordance with GB-A-2,211,920 (basis for the preamble of claim 1), has definitely been used in sport and hunting shooting proven (see Die Pirsch, 1995, Issue 10), but they are Shot pellets are still limited to the cutting tools damage to the veneer and wood industry.
Aus der WO 94/25817 ist bekannt, Schrotmunition oder Kugelmunition herzustellen aus einer Legierung enthaltend mindestens 55 % Zink und dem Rest Wismut und Zinn, wobei der Zinngehalt maximal 10 % betragen darf. Bevorzugt sind Legierungen enthaltend 70 % Zink und bis zu 30 Gew.-% Wismut und nur geringen Mengen an Zinn. Diese Munition ist nicht für Jagdzwecke sondern nur als Sportmunition geeignet.WO 94/25817 discloses shot ammunition or bullet ammunition to produce from an alloy containing at least 55% zinc and the rest of bismuth and tin, the tin content may not exceed 10%. Alloys are preferred containing 70% zinc and up to 30% by weight bismuth and only small amounts of tin. This ammunition is not for hunting purposes but only suitable as sports ammunition.
Die Erfindung hat sich somit die Aufgabe gestellt, Schrot zur Verfügung zu stellen, welcher praktisch bleifrei und untoxisch ist, gute ballistische Eigenschaften aufweist, sich gut verarbeiten läßt und beim Verbleib im Holz ähnlich wie Blei keine Beschädigung der Holzschneidewerzeuge hervorruft. Weiterhin sollen im Holz verbleibende Kugeln zu keiner Verfärbung des Holzes führen. Darüber hinaus darf das Schrotmaterial auch in der Papier- und Zelluloseindustrie zu keinen Betriebstörungen oder Qualitätsproblemen führen, denn dort werden die Abfälle aus der Holzverarbeitung verwertet.The invention has therefore set itself the task of grist to provide which is practically lead free and is non-toxic, has good ballistic properties, is easy to work with and similar when it stays in the wood how lead does not damage wood cutting tools. Furthermore, there should be no balls remaining in the wood Discolour the wood. In addition, the shot material may none in the paper and cellulose industry either Operational malfunctions or quality problems cause there the waste from wood processing is recycled.
Diese Aufgaben konnten jetzt gelöst werden durch Schrot auf Basis von Zinn und Zink, welches dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß es enthält außer Zinn und den üblichen unvermeidbaren Verunreinigungen 12 bis 60 Gew.-% Zink und 0 bis 5 Gew.-% Aluminium, jedoch weniger als 0,1 Gew.-% Kupfer, weniger als 0,1 % Eisen und weniger als 1 % Blei.These tasks could now be solved with grist Base of tin and zinc, which is characterized by that it contains besides tin and the usual inevitable Impurities 12 to 60% by weight zinc and 0 to 5% by weight Aluminum, but less than 0.1 wt% copper, less than 0.1% iron and less than 1% lead.
Besonders gute Ergebnisse wurden erzielt mit derartigem Schrot, welches außer Zinn 20 bis 40 Gew.-% Zink sowie 0,05 bis 0,15 Gew.-% Aluminium enthält. Vorzugweise enthalten die Schrotkugeln weniger als 0,05 Gew.-% Kupfer, weniger als 0,05 Gew.-% Eisen und weniger als 0,5 Gew.-% Blei. Particularly good results have been achieved with such Shot, which in addition to tin contains 20 to 40% by weight of zinc and 0.05 contains up to 0.15 wt .-% aluminum. The contain preferably Shot pellets less than 0.05 wt% copper, less than 0.05% by weight iron and less than 0.5% by weight lead.
Das erfindungsgemäße Schrot kann in üblicher Weise hergestellt werden durch Gießen der flüssigen Legierung in Kokillen in einen ausreichend hohen, mit Luft gefüllten Turm oder in ein Flüssigkeitsbad, welches zu einer rascheren Abkühlung führt. Eine weitere, wenn auch aufwendigere Methode der Herstellung besteht darin, daß die Legierung zu einem Draht verarbeitet wird, welcher durch eine entsprechende Formwalze zu Schrotkugeln verarbeitet wird. Der dabei verbleibende Rest des Drahtes kann in das Verfahren zurückgeführt werden.The meal according to the invention can be produced in a conventional manner are made by pouring the liquid alloy into Chill molds in a sufficiently high tower filled with air or in a liquid bath, which leads to a faster cooling leads. Another, albeit more complex, method The manufacture consists in that the alloy becomes one Wire is processed, which by an appropriate Form roller is processed into shot pellets. The remaining one Rest of the wire can be returned to the process become.
Vorzugsweise wird eine Legierung aus ca. 70 % Zinn und ca. 30 % Zink verwendet, die sich gut vergießen läßt.An alloy of approx. 70% tin and approx. 30% zinc is used, which is easy to cast.
Zum Gießen weniger gut geeignete Legierungen können durch Verarbeitung zu einem Draht und anschließendes Verpreßen zu Kugeln zu brauchbarem Schrot verarbeitet werden.Alloys less suitable for casting can be made by Processing into a wire and subsequent pressing Balls are processed into usable grist.
Aus den oben genannten Reinheitsanforderungen an das Schrotkorn geht hervor, daß prinzipiell alle Zinnqualitäten nach DIN 1704 einsetzbar sind, wobei jedoch die Qualitäten Zinn 99,95 bis Zinn 99,50 bevorzugt sind, da sie weniger Kupfer, weniger Eisen und weniger Blei enthalten.From the above-mentioned purity requirements for the shot pellet shows that in principle all tin grades follow DIN 1704 can be used, but the qualities are tin 99.95 to 99.50 tin are preferred because they have less copper, contain less iron and less lead.
Bei Verwendung von Zink als Legierungskomponente können prinzipiell alle Zinkqualitäten gemäß EN 1179 verwendet werden, wobei wiederum die Zinksorten Z1 bis Z4 bevorzugt sind, da sie deutlich weniger Blei, Eisen und Kupfer enthalten.In principle, when using zinc as an alloy component all zinc qualities according to EN 1179 are used, again the zinc types Z1 to Z4 are preferred because they contain significantly less lead, iron and copper.
Bezüglich des Aluminiums sind keine so strengen Qualitätsanforderungen nötig, zumal es in relativ geringen Mengen zugesetzt wird und damit nur zu geringfügiger Verunreinigung mit weiteren Legierungselementen führt.There are no such strict quality requirements with regard to aluminum necessary, especially since it is added in relatively small amounts becomes and thus only with slight contamination leads to further alloying elements.
Claims (4)
- Tin and zinc based shot for use as ammunition having a diameter of from 1.5 to 5.5 mm, characterized by containing, in addition to tin and the usual unavoidable contaminants, from 12 to 60% by weight of zinc and from 0 to 5% by weight of aluminum, but less than 0.1% by weight of copper, less than 0.1% of iron, and less than 1% of lead.
- The shot according to claim 1, characterized by containing from 20 to 40% by weight of zinc.
- The shot according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by containing from 0.05 to 0.15% by weight of aluminum.
- The shot according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized by containing less than 0.05% by weight of copper, less than 0.05% by weight of iron, and less than 0.5% by weight of lead.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19644235A DE19644235C1 (en) | 1996-10-24 | 1996-10-24 | Scrap used for ammunition |
| DE19644235 | 1996-10-24 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0838655A1 EP0838655A1 (en) | 1998-04-29 |
| EP0838655B1 true EP0838655B1 (en) | 2000-01-05 |
Family
ID=7809884
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97117566A Expired - Lifetime EP0838655B1 (en) | 1996-10-24 | 1997-10-10 | Shotgun pellet |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6071359A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0838655B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE188545T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU721760B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2218609C (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19644235C1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0838655T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2140941T3 (en) |
| GR (1) | GR3032627T3 (en) |
| HU (1) | HU218331B (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ328992A (en) |
| PT (1) | PT838655E (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10045991A1 (en) * | 2000-09-16 | 2002-04-04 | Degussa Galvanotechnik Gmbh | Ternary tin-zinc alloys, electroplating baths and electroplating processes for the production of ternary tin-zinc alloy layers |
| ATE293708T1 (en) * | 2001-10-16 | 2005-05-15 | Internat Non Toxic Composites | COMPOSITE CONTAINING TUNGSTEN AND BRONZE |
| ATE399887T1 (en) * | 2001-10-16 | 2008-07-15 | Internat Non Toxic Composites | HIGHER DENSITY NON-TOXIC COMPOSITES WHICH CONTAIN TUNGSTEN, OTHER METAL AND POLYMER POWDER |
| WO2004090464A1 (en) * | 2003-04-07 | 2004-10-21 | International Non-Toxic Composites Corporation | Medium density bronze shot |
| US7770521B2 (en) * | 2005-06-03 | 2010-08-10 | Newtec Services Group, Inc. | Method and apparatus for a projectile incorporating a metastable interstitial composite material |
| US8393273B2 (en) * | 2009-01-14 | 2013-03-12 | Nosler, Inc. | Bullets, including lead-free bullets, and associated methods |
| CN101824557B (en) * | 2010-02-04 | 2011-05-04 | 汨罗市鸿昱新材料有限责任公司 | High-efficiency energy-saving method for producing forged manganese briquettes |
| US9115961B2 (en) | 2012-07-19 | 2015-08-25 | Amick Family Revocable Living Trust | Corrosion-inhibited projectiles, and shot shells including the same |
| US9207050B2 (en) | 2013-06-28 | 2015-12-08 | Michael Clifford Sorensen | Shot shell payloads that include a plurality of large projectiles and shot shells including the same |
| EP2878917A1 (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2015-06-03 | Real Federacion Espanola de Caza | Chemical composition for manufacturing ammunition |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2119876A (en) * | 1936-12-24 | 1938-06-07 | Remington Arms Co Inc | Shot |
| JPS592747B2 (en) * | 1980-12-26 | 1984-01-20 | 三井金属鉱業株式会社 | Metal alloy powder for projection plating and projection plating method |
| GB8725349D0 (en) * | 1987-10-29 | 1987-12-02 | Am & S Europ Ltd | Metal shot |
| JP2825671B2 (en) * | 1991-01-23 | 1998-11-18 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Hot-dip Zn-Mg-Al-Sn plated steel sheet |
| US5491035A (en) * | 1992-03-27 | 1996-02-13 | The Louis Berkman Company | Coated metal strip |
| SE501227C2 (en) * | 1993-04-26 | 1994-12-12 | Leif Persson | Materials for mainly sports shooting ammunition |
| NL9302056A (en) * | 1993-11-26 | 1995-06-16 | Billiton Witmetaal | Bullet and the use of an Sn alloy therefor. |
-
1996
- 1996-10-24 DE DE19644235A patent/DE19644235C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-10-10 DE DE59700963T patent/DE59700963D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-10-10 ES ES97117566T patent/ES2140941T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-10-10 AT AT97117566T patent/ATE188545T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-10-10 DK DK97117566T patent/DK0838655T3/en active
- 1997-10-10 EP EP97117566A patent/EP0838655B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-10-10 PT PT97117566T patent/PT838655E/en unknown
- 1997-10-15 AU AU41007/97A patent/AU721760B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-10-20 NZ NZ328992A patent/NZ328992A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-10-20 CA CA002218609A patent/CA2218609C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-10-22 HU HU9701722A patent/HU218331B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-10-24 US US08/957,377 patent/US6071359A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2000
- 2000-02-10 GR GR20000400325T patent/GR3032627T3/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU4100797A (en) | 1998-04-30 |
| CA2218609A1 (en) | 1998-04-24 |
| EP0838655A1 (en) | 1998-04-29 |
| US6071359A (en) | 2000-06-06 |
| DK0838655T3 (en) | 2000-05-08 |
| HUP9701722A1 (en) | 1998-07-28 |
| NZ328992A (en) | 1999-03-29 |
| HU9701722D0 (en) | 1997-12-29 |
| ATE188545T1 (en) | 2000-01-15 |
| PT838655E (en) | 2000-04-28 |
| AU721760B2 (en) | 2000-07-13 |
| HU218331B (en) | 2000-07-28 |
| DE19644235C1 (en) | 1998-02-12 |
| CA2218609C (en) | 2005-04-05 |
| DE59700963D1 (en) | 2000-02-10 |
| ES2140941T3 (en) | 2000-03-01 |
| GR3032627T3 (en) | 2000-05-31 |
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