EP0838655A1 - Shotgun pellet - Google Patents

Shotgun pellet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0838655A1
EP0838655A1 EP97117566A EP97117566A EP0838655A1 EP 0838655 A1 EP0838655 A1 EP 0838655A1 EP 97117566 A EP97117566 A EP 97117566A EP 97117566 A EP97117566 A EP 97117566A EP 0838655 A1 EP0838655 A1 EP 0838655A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
less
zinc
shot
tin
weight
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97117566A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0838655B1 (en
Inventor
Jürgen Wisniewski
Jochen Dr. Spriestersbach
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Grillo Werke AG
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Grillo Werke AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Grillo Werke AG filed Critical Grillo Werke AG
Publication of EP0838655A1 publication Critical patent/EP0838655A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0838655B1 publication Critical patent/EP0838655B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B7/00—Shotgun ammunition
    • F42B7/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with propellant charge and missile
    • F42B7/04—Cartridges, i.e. cases with propellant charge and missile of pellet type
    • F42B7/046—Pellets or shot therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to shot for ammunition purposes with a diameter of 1.5 to 5.5 mm based of tin and zinc.
  • Steel pellets have been particularly useful in Forests not proven. They are already banned in Denmark since they are too serious in processing the wood Damage to the cutting tools and on top of that lead to rust and discoloration effects. Furthermore steel balls tend to ricochet and are therefore extremely dangerous for hunted use because they do not impact Absorb deformation energy (DEVA Altenbeken report June 1992 for German Hunting Protection Association in Bonn).
  • Zinc-based shot for example manufactured in accordance with GB-A-2,211,920, has definitely been used in sport and hunting shooting proven (see Die Pirsch, 1995, Issue 10), but they are Shot pellets are still limited to the cutting tools damage to the veneer and wood industry.
  • WO 94/25817 discloses shot ammunition or bullet ammunition to produce from an alloy containing at least 55% zinc and the rest of bismuth and tin, the tin content may not exceed 10%. Alloys are preferred containing 70% zinc and up to 30% by weight bismuth and only small amounts of tin. This ammunition is not for hunting purposes but only suitable as sports ammunition.
  • the invention has therefore set itself the task of grist to provide which is practically lead free and is non-toxic, has good ballistic properties, is easy to work with and similar when it stays in the wood how lead does not damage wood cutting tools. Furthermore, there should be no balls remaining in the wood Discolour the wood. In addition, the shot material may none in the paper and cellulose industry either Operational malfunctions or quality problems cause there the waste from wood processing is recycled.
  • grist Base of tin and zinc which is characterized by that it contains besides tin and the usual inevitable Impurities 12 to 60% by weight zinc and 0 to 5% by weight Aluminum, but less than 0.1 wt% copper, less than 0.1% iron and less than 1% lead.
  • Shot which in addition to tin contains 20 to 40% by weight of zinc and 0.05 contains up to 0.15 wt .-% aluminum.
  • the contain preferably Shot pellets less than 0.05 wt% copper, less than 0.05% by weight iron and less than 0.5% by weight lead.
  • the meal according to the invention can be produced in a conventional manner are made by pouring the liquid alloy into Chill molds in a sufficiently high tower filled with air or in a liquid bath, which leads to a faster cooling leads.
  • Another, albeit more complex, method The manufacture consists in that the alloy becomes one Wire is processed, which by an appropriate Form roller is processed into shot pellets. The remaining one Rest of the wire can be returned to the process will.
  • An alloy of approx. 70% tin and approx. 30% zinc is used, which is easy to cast.
  • Alloys less suitable for casting can be made by Processing into a wire and subsequent pressing Balls are processed into usable grist.
  • zinc types Z1 to Z4 are preferred because they contain significantly less lead, iron and copper.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Lifting Devices For Agricultural Implements (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Non-Silver Salt Photosensitive Materials And Non-Silver Salt Photography (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electrical Connectors (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Abstract

Schrot für Munitionszwecke mit einem Durchmesser von 1,5 bis 5,5 mm auf Basis von Zinn enthält außer Zinn und den üblichen unvermeidbaren Verunreinigungen 12 bis 60 Gew.-% Zink und 0 bis 5 Gew.-% Aluminium, jedoch weniger als 0,1 Gew.-% Kupfer, weniger als 0,1 % Eisen und weniger als 1 % Blei.Shot for ammunition with a diameter of 1.5 to 5.5 mm based on tin contains, in addition to tin and the usual unavoidable impurities, 12 to 60% by weight of zinc and 0 to 5% by weight of aluminum, but less than 0, 1% by weight copper, less than 0.1% iron and less than 1% lead.

Description

Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist Schrot für Munitionszwecke mit einem Durchmesser von 1,5 bis 5,5 mm auf Basis von Zinn und Zink.The present invention relates to shot for ammunition purposes with a diameter of 1.5 to 5.5 mm based of tin and zinc.

Aus der US-A-5,500,183 ist bekannt, Geschoßkugeln aber auch Patronenschrot statt aus Blei herzustellen aus Legierungen, die überwiegend Zinn enthalten und darüber hinaus 0,2 bis 10 Gew.-% Kupfer, wobei als weitere Legierungskomponenten Antimon, Zink, Magnesium, Aluminium genannt sind. Sofern Zink eingesetzt wird, soll die Menge 0,005 bis 10 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 0,001 bis 1 Gew.-% betragen.It is known from US-A-5,500,183, but projectile bullets are also known Cartridge shot instead of lead from alloys, which mostly contain tin and moreover 0.2 to 10 wt .-% copper, being as further alloy components Antimony, zinc, magnesium, aluminum are called. Provided Zinc is used, the amount should be 0.005 to 10 wt .-%, preferably 0.001 to 1% by weight.

Dieses Material erfüllt bereits die Eigenschaft praktisch frei von Blei und Cadmium zu sein, die aus Umweltschutzgründen nicht mehr zur Anwendung kommen sollen. Der Kupfergehalt wird als wesentlich angesehen für die inneren und äußeren ballistischen Eigenschaften der Kugeln. Es hat sich jedoch gezeigt, daß kupferhaltige Legierungen zu einer unerwünschten sehr starken Verfärbung des Holzes führen, wenn derartige Schrotkugeln ins Holz gelangen und dieses Holz zu Furnieren verarbeitet werden soll.This material already practically fulfills the property to be free of lead and cadmium for environmental reasons should no longer be used. The copper content is considered essential for the inner and outer ballistic properties of the balls. It has however, copper-containing alloys have been shown to be an undesirable very severe discoloration of the wood if such shot balls get into the wood and this wood Veneers to be processed.

Stahlschrote haben sich insbesondere für die Anwendung in Wäldern nicht bewährt. Sie sind in Dänemark bereits verboten worden, da sie bei der Verarbeitung des Holzes zu schwerwiegenden Beschädigungen der Schneidwerkzeuge führen und obendrein zu Rost- und Verfärbungseffekten führen. Außerdem neigen Stahlkugeln zum Abprallen und somit zu großer Gefährdung bei jaglicher Verwendung, weil sie beim Aufprall keine Verformungsenergie aufnehmen (Bericht DEVA Altenbeken Juni 1992 für Deutschen Jagdschutz-Verband in Bonn). Steel pellets have been particularly useful in Forests not proven. They are already banned in Denmark since they are too serious in processing the wood Damage to the cutting tools and on top of that lead to rust and discoloration effects. Furthermore steel balls tend to ricochet and are therefore extremely dangerous for hunted use because they do not impact Absorb deformation energy (DEVA Altenbeken report June 1992 for German Hunting Protection Association in Bonn).

Schrot auf Basis von Zink, beispielsweise hergestellt gemäß GB-A-2,211,920, hat sich bei Sport- und Jagdschießen durchaus bewährt (vgl. Die Pirsch, 1995, Heft 10), jedoch sind derartige Schrotkugeln noch bedingt in der Lage, die Schneidwerkzeuge der Furnier- und Holzindustrie zu beschädigen.Zinc-based shot, for example manufactured in accordance with GB-A-2,211,920, has definitely been used in sport and hunting shooting proven (see Die Pirsch, 1995, Issue 10), but they are Shot pellets are still limited to the cutting tools damage to the veneer and wood industry.

Aus der WO 94/25817 ist bekannt, Schrotmunition oder Kugelmunition herzustellen aus einer Legierung enthaltend mindestens 55 % Zink und dem Rest Wismut und Zinn, wobei der Zinngehalt maximal 10 % betragen darf. Bevorzugt sind Legierungen enthaltend 70 % Zink und bis zu 30 Gew.-% Wismut und nur geringen Mengen an Zinn. Diese Munition ist nicht für Jagdzwecke sondern nur als Sportmunition geeignet.WO 94/25817 discloses shot ammunition or bullet ammunition to produce from an alloy containing at least 55% zinc and the rest of bismuth and tin, the tin content may not exceed 10%. Alloys are preferred containing 70% zinc and up to 30% by weight bismuth and only small amounts of tin. This ammunition is not for hunting purposes but only suitable as sports ammunition.

Die Erfindung hat sich somit die Aufgabe gestellt, Schrot zur Verfügung zu stellen, welcher praktisch bleifrei und untoxisch ist, gute ballistische Eigenschaften aufweist, sich gut verarbeiten läßt und beim Verbleib im Holz ähnlich wie Blei keine Beschädigung der Holzschneidewerzeuge hervorruft. Weiterhin sollen im Holz verbleibende Kugeln zu keiner Verfärbung des Holzes führen. Darüber hinaus darf das Schrotmaterial auch in der Papier- und Zelluloseindustrie zu keinen Betriebstörungen oder Qualitätsproblemen führen, denn dort werden die Abfälle aus der Holzverarbeitung verwertet.The invention has therefore set itself the task of grist to provide which is practically lead free and is non-toxic, has good ballistic properties, is easy to work with and similar when it stays in the wood how lead does not damage wood cutting tools. Furthermore, there should be no balls remaining in the wood Discolour the wood. In addition, the shot material may none in the paper and cellulose industry either Operational malfunctions or quality problems cause there the waste from wood processing is recycled.

Diese Aufgaben konnten jetzt gelöst werden durch Schrot auf Basis von Zinn und Zink, welches dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß es enthält außer Zinn und den üblichen unvermeidbaren Verunreinigungen 12 bis 60 Gew.-% Zink und 0 bis 5 Gew.-% Aluminium, jedoch weniger als 0,1 Gew.-% Kupfer, weniger als 0,1 % Eisen und weniger als 1 % Blei.These tasks could now be solved with grist Base of tin and zinc, which is characterized by that it contains besides tin and the usual inevitable Impurities 12 to 60% by weight zinc and 0 to 5% by weight Aluminum, but less than 0.1 wt% copper, less than 0.1% iron and less than 1% lead.

Besonders gute Ergebnisse wurden erzielt mit derartigem Schrot, welches außer Zinn 20 bis 40 Gew.-% Zink sowie 0,05 bis 0,15 Gew.-% Aluminium enthält. Vorzugweise enthalten die Schrotkugeln weniger als 0,05 Gew.-% Kupfer, weniger als 0,05 Gew.-% Eisen und weniger als 0,5 Gew.-% Blei. Particularly good results have been achieved with such Shot, which in addition to tin contains 20 to 40% by weight of zinc and 0.05 contains up to 0.15 wt .-% aluminum. The contain preferably Shot pellets less than 0.05 wt% copper, less than 0.05% by weight iron and less than 0.5% by weight lead.

Das erfindungsgemäße Schrot kann in üblicher Weise hergestellt werden durch Gießen der flüssigen Legierung in Kokillen in einen ausreichend hohen, mit Luft gefüllten Turm oder in ein Flüssigkeitsbad, welches zu einer rascheren Abkühlung führt. Eine weitere, wenn auch aufwendigere Methode der Herstellung besteht darin, daß die Legierung zu einem Draht verarbeitet wird, welcher durch eine entsprechende Formwalze zu Schrotkugeln verarbeitet wird. Der dabei verbleibende Rest des Drahtes kann in das Verfahren zurückgeführt werden.The meal according to the invention can be produced in a conventional manner are made by pouring the liquid alloy into Chill molds in a sufficiently high tower filled with air or in a liquid bath, which leads to a faster cooling leads. Another, albeit more complex, method The manufacture consists in that the alloy becomes one Wire is processed, which by an appropriate Form roller is processed into shot pellets. The remaining one Rest of the wire can be returned to the process will.

Vorzugsweise wird eine Legierung aus ca. 70 % Zinn und ca. 30 % Zink verwendet, die sich gut vergießen läßt.An alloy of approx. 70% tin and approx. 30% zinc is used, which is easy to cast.

Zum Gießen weniger gut geeignete Legierungen können durch Verarbeitung zu einem Draht und anschließendes Verpreßen zu Kugeln zu brauchbarem Schrot verarbeitet werden.Alloys less suitable for casting can be made by Processing into a wire and subsequent pressing Balls are processed into usable grist.

Aus den oben genannten Reinheitsanforderungen an das Schrotkorn geht hervor, daß prinzipiell alle Zinnqualitäten nach DIN 1704 einsetzbar sind, wobei jedoch die Qualitäten Zinn 99,95 bis Zinn 99,50 bevorzugt sind, da sie weniger Kupfer, weniger Eisen und weniger Blei enthalten.From the above-mentioned purity requirements for the shot pellet shows that in principle all tin grades follow DIN 1704 can be used, but the qualities are tin 99.95 to 99.50 tin are preferred because they have less copper, contain less iron and less lead.

Bei Verwendung von Zink als Legierungskomponente können prinzipiell alle Zinkqualitäten gemäß EN 1179 verwendet werden, wobei wiederum die Zinksorten Z1 bis Z4 bevorzugt sind, da sie deutlich weniger Blei, Eisen und Kupfer enthalten.In principle, when using zinc as an alloy component all zinc qualities according to EN 1179 are used, again the zinc types Z1 to Z4 are preferred because they contain significantly less lead, iron and copper.

Bezüglich des Aluminiums sind keine so strengen Qualitätsanforderungen nötig, zumal es in relativ geringen Mengen zugesetzt wird und damit nur zu geringfügiger Verunreinigung mit weiteren Legierungselementen führt.There are no such strict quality requirements with regard to aluminum necessary, especially since it is added in relatively small amounts becomes and thus only with slight contamination leads to further alloying elements.

Claims (4)

Schrot für Munitionszwecke mit einem Durchmesser von 1,5 bis 5,5 mm auf Basis von Zinn und Zink, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Schrot enthält außer Zinn und den üblichen unvermeidbaren Verunreinigungen 12 bis 60 Gew.-% Zink und 0 bis 5 Gew.-% Aluminium, jedoch weniger als 0,1 Gew.-% Kupfer, weniger als 0,1 % Eisen und weniger als 1 % Blei.Shot for ammunition with a diameter of 1.5 up to 5.5 mm based on tin and zinc, characterized, that the shot contains besides tin and the usual unavoidable impurities 12 to 60 wt% zinc and 0 to 5 wt% aluminum, however less than 0.1% by weight copper, less than 0.1% Iron and less than 1% lead. Schrot gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es 20 bis 40 Gew.-% Zink enthält.Shot according to claim 1, characterized in that it Contains 20 to 40 wt .-% zinc. Schrot gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es 0,05 bis 0,15 Gew.-% Aluminium enthält.Shot according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that it contains 0.05 to 0.15% by weight of aluminum. Schrot gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es weniger als 0,05 Gew.-% Kupfer, weniger als 0,05 Gew.-% Eisen und weniger als 0,5 Gew.-% Blei enthält.Shot according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that it is less than 0.05 wt% copper, less than 0.05% by weight iron and less than 0.5% by weight lead contains.
EP97117566A 1996-10-24 1997-10-10 Shotgun pellet Expired - Lifetime EP0838655B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19644235 1996-10-24
DE19644235A DE19644235C1 (en) 1996-10-24 1996-10-24 Scrap used for ammunition

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0838655A1 true EP0838655A1 (en) 1998-04-29
EP0838655B1 EP0838655B1 (en) 2000-01-05

Family

ID=7809884

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97117566A Expired - Lifetime EP0838655B1 (en) 1996-10-24 1997-10-10 Shotgun pellet

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US6071359A (en)
EP (1) EP0838655B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE188545T1 (en)
AU (1) AU721760B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2218609C (en)
DE (2) DE19644235C1 (en)
DK (1) DK0838655T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2140941T3 (en)
GR (1) GR3032627T3 (en)
HU (1) HU218331B (en)
NZ (1) NZ328992A (en)
PT (1) PT838655E (en)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10045991A1 (en) * 2000-09-16 2002-04-04 Degussa Galvanotechnik Gmbh Ternary tin-zinc alloys, electroplating baths and electroplating processes for the production of ternary tin-zinc alloy layers
EP1436436B1 (en) * 2001-10-16 2005-04-20 International Non-Toxic Composites Corp. Composite material containing tungsten and bronze
WO2003033753A2 (en) * 2001-10-16 2003-04-24 International Non-Toxic Composites Corp. High density non-toxic composites comprising tungsten, another metal and polymer powder
WO2004090464A1 (en) * 2003-04-07 2004-10-21 International Non-Toxic Composites Corporation Medium density bronze shot
US7770521B2 (en) * 2005-06-03 2010-08-10 Newtec Services Group, Inc. Method and apparatus for a projectile incorporating a metastable interstitial composite material
WO2010083345A1 (en) * 2009-01-14 2010-07-22 Nosler, Inc. Bullets, including lead-free bullets, and associated methods
CN101824557B (en) * 2010-02-04 2011-05-04 汨罗市鸿昱新材料有限责任公司 High-efficiency energy-saving method for producing forged manganese briquettes
US9115961B2 (en) 2012-07-19 2015-08-25 Amick Family Revocable Living Trust Corrosion-inhibited projectiles, and shot shells including the same
US9207050B2 (en) 2013-06-28 2015-12-08 Michael Clifford Sorensen Shot shell payloads that include a plurality of large projectiles and shot shells including the same
EP2878917A1 (en) * 2013-11-29 2015-06-03 Real Federacion Espanola de Caza Chemical composition for manufacturing ammunition

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2119876A (en) * 1936-12-24 1938-06-07 Remington Arms Co Inc Shot
GB2211920A (en) 1987-10-29 1989-07-12 Am & S Europ Metal shot for sporting pellets
WO1994025817A1 (en) 1993-04-26 1994-11-10 Leif Persson Material primarily for sport-shooting ammunition
EP0655604A1 (en) * 1993-11-26 1995-05-31 Billiton Witmetaal B.V. Sn-based alloy bullet

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS592747B2 (en) * 1980-12-26 1984-01-20 三井金属鉱業株式会社 Metal alloy powder for projection plating and projection plating method
JP2825671B2 (en) * 1991-01-23 1998-11-18 新日本製鐵株式会社 Hot-dip Zn-Mg-Al-Sn plated steel sheet
US5491035A (en) * 1992-03-27 1996-02-13 The Louis Berkman Company Coated metal strip

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2119876A (en) * 1936-12-24 1938-06-07 Remington Arms Co Inc Shot
GB2211920A (en) 1987-10-29 1989-07-12 Am & S Europ Metal shot for sporting pellets
WO1994025817A1 (en) 1993-04-26 1994-11-10 Leif Persson Material primarily for sport-shooting ammunition
EP0655604A1 (en) * 1993-11-26 1995-05-31 Billiton Witmetaal B.V. Sn-based alloy bullet
US5500183A (en) 1993-11-26 1996-03-19 Billiton Witmetaal B.V. Sn alloy bullet therefor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6071359A (en) 2000-06-06
PT838655E (en) 2000-04-28
DK0838655T3 (en) 2000-05-08
HU9701722D0 (en) 1997-12-29
NZ328992A (en) 1999-03-29
DE19644235C1 (en) 1998-02-12
ATE188545T1 (en) 2000-01-15
CA2218609C (en) 2005-04-05
DE59700963D1 (en) 2000-02-10
AU4100797A (en) 1998-04-30
EP0838655B1 (en) 2000-01-05
ES2140941T3 (en) 2000-03-01
HU218331B (en) 2000-07-28
GR3032627T3 (en) 2000-05-31
CA2218609A1 (en) 1998-04-24
HUP9701722A1 (en) 1998-07-28
AU721760B2 (en) 2000-07-13

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