EP0831190A2 - Concrete cover for circular tank and construction process therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

The concrete cover consists of several semi-finished parts each having the shape of a circular sector with capped tip and each consisting of a cover plate (7) with L-shaped supporting reinforcement (6) underneath the circular outer edge and underneath one of the two sectional edges of the cover plate. The circular outer edge has a circumferential attic (10) and the reinforcement of the cut edge of the cover plate projects over the cut edge to form the support bearing (8) for the non-reinforced outer edge of the next semi-finished part. A support bearing plate can be provided in the middle of the cover.

Description

The present invention relates to a concrete ceiling for round containers with a diameter of at least 5 m consisting of several, the upper opening of the round container covering semi-finished parts as substructure and reinforced, poured over concrete. The invention further relates to the process for the manufacture of such concrete ceilings and as an intermediate product, the semi-finished part for the production of Concrete ceilings.

Round concrete containers are used primarily for industrial, municipal and agricultural water supply and sanitation built, such as sprinkler centers and Water storage tanks as well as rain pools, rain overflow pools, Rain cyclones, fire water tanks, etc. They point in the general diameter of more than 5 m and are now also built in diameters from 30 to 40 m. Concrete ceilings for such round containers have been built by Construction of a corresponding formwork in the otherwise finished Round concrete container, introduction of reinforcing iron and pouring the ceiling. Unless the round concrete container has a larger diameter have and thus the ceilings also larger spans such bridges can no longer be self-supporting be built, but need for medium sizes at least one permanent central support column, with larger ones Diameters even several support columns between the middle and the wall of the round concrete container.

Semi-finished parts are also used for normal ceilings come, is the production of concrete ceilings for round containers as so-called filigree ceilings for static reasons allowed.

From DE-A 26 49 936 it is known from sector-shaped reinforced concrete prefabricated parts build a roof, taking the roof out sector-shaped pre-stressed concrete parts as well as reinforced concrete is manufactured and thereby forms a hanging bowl. Pre-fabricated concrete parts also require expensive steel parts such as clamping heads, clamping strands and prestressing steel. Such steel parts are so expensive and complex that this type of a roof on the market, especially since the roof should be connected to the ring wall and thus not for loads from DIN 1072 12 to, SLW 30 or even SLW 60 would be suitable.

From the DD magazine "Der VEB Wasserwirtschaft", issue 12 Dec. 1956, page 83, it is known to produce chambers of up to 300 m ³ from molded ring walls and to cover them with a segment ceiling. These finished parts are placed on a center pillar with a mushroom head and the ring wall. In order to keep the weight of these elements as low as possible, they were dissolved in a plate and fish-bellied bridge. This prefabricated ceiling is also only slightly resilient from above. This proposal from 1956 has obviously not worked in practice. It is also not suitable to be reinforced by additional reinforcement and in-situ concrete.

From the CS magazine "INZENYRSKE STAVBY", 1/1964, pages 14-27 is known, prefabricated triangular parts for covering of containers to use, the triangular parts of beams be enclosed on both sides and additionally in the A bar in the middle opposite the outer beams have to own. The parts are made of solid concrete. The plates are not connected to each other, so none continuous load transfer can take place. A load transfer was so far only possible if the concrete round container from stripped off inside and with a cast in-situ concrete ceiling was provided. The disadvantage of this construction is that the formwork must remain in the concrete container until the poured Concrete has set sufficiently. It is necessary, then dismantle the formwork and the relatively small Opening or openings in the ceiling from the round concrete container to get out. This procedure is not only tedious and time-consuming, but requires the logistics of the formwork elements repeated transports over longer, if necessary Stretch after the concrete ceiling has been set and removed of these formwork elements.

Another disadvantage of the conventional construction of concrete ceilings for round containers is the fact that if necessary Units to be accommodated in the container, such as compressed air water boilers, Diesel units, for example at sprinkler centers, can only be introduced and installed if the blanket is ready. In most cases, it is necessary after the cast ceiling has been tied and removed the formwork elements thorough cleaning of the round container to make.

The invention has therefore set itself the task of concrete ceilings for round containers with a diameter of at least 5 m of semi-finished parts available as a substructure make which from special semi-finished parts as well reinforced, poured over concrete. Here should the semi-finished parts later as much as possible on the statics of the Contribute to the overall ceiling and thus the need for reinforcing bars and reduce concrete. In addition, the manufacturing process should the concrete ceiling at least on site of the round container simplified, shortened and cheaper, with the Logistics, especially regarding formwork elements and semi-finished parts should be designed as cheaply as possible.

These tasks could now be surprisingly simple and good be solved in that the semi-finished parts in the form of Have circular sectors with a capped tip and each consist of a cover plate with L-shaped, load-bearing Reinforcements below the round outer edge and below one of the two cut edges of the cover plate, the round outer edge has a circumferential parapet and the Reinforcement of the cut edge of the cover plate over the The cut edge protrudes and therefore the support for the not reinforced outer edge of the next semi-finished part.

In the case of smaller diameters of the round containers, it is according to the invention possible to make the ceiling self-supporting. This will in the middle of the ceiling a platen built in, the front the construction of the concrete ceiling using a height adjustable Formwork stand is set up. This height adjustable Formwork stand is then practically the only one to be removed Formwork element. It is even possible to do this height-adjustable formwork stand after casting the Replace over-concrete with one or more wooden stamps. This can then be done after the concrete has finally set can be removed and ultimately at the construction site remain and do not have to go back to the manufacturing plant be transported back.

For medium-sized round containers that have a central support need, according to the invention in the middle of the Container set up a precast concrete column. This precast concrete column is preferably on an adjustable height Adjustment point placed and is concreted in a quiver or articulated on the base plate. Here should the semi-finished parts - later as much as possible - for Statics of the overall ceiling contribute and thus installation of reinforcing bars and reduce concrete on the construction site.

The precast concrete column preferably has one at the upper end Mushroom head with an all-round rise as a storage surface on. This configuration leads to a support of the semi-finished element on the mushroom head that also have slight deviations allowed from right angle. It is even possible targeted a certain slope of the concrete ceiling from the inside to the top outside, which is used in a number of applications is considered advantageous.

For easy monitoring of the desired thickness of the cast The precast concrete column has over-concrete in the middle a column extension, which allows the surface after casting, smoothly peel off with a scraper while controlling that everywhere and the sufficient amount of over-concrete as evenly as possible was applied.

For round containers with very large diameters, it is above that possible according to the invention, between the center and the Wall of the container in the polygon further precast concrete columns and Prefabricated joists to attach, even after completion remain in the round container. Even with such Concrete containers with a ceiling are no longer necessary, whatever Formwork elements from the finished covered concrete container to get out.

Finally, it is possible to put one or in the round container to install several smaller containers, the upper edge of which has the same height as the actual round container. It can then use the top edges of these additional containers as Serve for the semi-finished parts.

Particularly in the case of round containers with concrete ceilings according to the invention medium and large diameter, in which none Formwork elements needed more inside the container the container can even be put into use and be filled with water before the blanket cures is.

This can be a great advantage for containers for sprinkler systems be, as these are often very late next to the one to be supplied Buildings are created. The building may be used but only take place when the sprinkler system is also installed and is functional.

An essential feature of the concrete ceiling according to the invention is the design of the semi-finished parts with the L-shaped load-bearing reinforcements below the round outer plate and outside one of the two cut edges of the cover plate, this reinforcement of the cut edge over the cut edge protrudes and thus the support for the adjacent can not form reinforced outer edge. Any of these reinforcements below one of the two cut edges thus in the finished concrete ceiling to support both Cut edges of the cover plate. This configuration is statically much cheaper than a structural reinforcement underneath both cut edges of the cover plate, since doing so two reinforcements arise in the immediate vicinity would who are not connected and therefore at Forming an obvious vulnerability from above would. The configuration according to the invention is thus static particularly cheap and on top of that in terms of material requirements of reinforcing iron and concrete are significantly superior to other solutions.

Since the semi-finished elements according to the invention continue on the round outer edge have a circumferential parapet this causes undesired lateral drainage and overflow of over-concrete avoided. It is also no additional Formwork necessary. The height of the parapet is simultaneous the height and quantity of the over-concrete to be poured is determined and limited. The height of the parapet must therefore be coordinated for example with the column extension in the middle of the Prefabricated concrete column. When building round containers with little Diameter and use of a platen can do this again have a metal bar bent centrally to form an eyelet. This facilitates transportation and insertion the platen, and at the same time can be on her and with her Help be marked up to what height the over-concrete is too is pouring.

A preferred embodiment of the reinforcement below the cut edge of the cover plate has one or more ventilation openings running parallel to the outer edge. By these openings can also be air from flow one segment to another when the water level is above the lower edge of the reinforcements rises. Furthermore it is possible, cables and measuring lines through these ventilation openings to lay and thereby at the same time in easier Way to attach to the bottom of the concrete ceiling.

Since all round containers with a ceiling have at least one access opening need, is preferably one of the semi-finished parts designed with a reinforced opening in the cover plate. Especially when the concrete ceiling of the round container the completion is still covered with earth, the reinforced opening also as a correspondingly large shaft pipe be designed.

To achieve optimal stability and balance of practically unavoidable deviations in the dimensions of the round containers on the one hand and the semi-finished parts on the other have the blankets according to the invention compared to the round container a certain excess. This supernatant can then also be provided with a water nose, which above all with free-standing tanks, rainwater runs off directly avoids on the outer wall of the round container. This otherwise leads to quite unsightly rain drainage surfaces that can discolor quickly and at least look ugly.

The method according to the invention for producing the concrete ceiling generally takes place in that in the middle of the round container either a height-adjustable formwork stand and an application plate or a height adjustable insert Ready-to-use concrete column and, if necessary, further precast concrete columns and finished beams, then the semi-finished parts used, covered with reinforcing iron and with Pour over-concrete, but after setting only the existing formwork stand in the middle Will get removed.

After pouring the over-concrete, it is preferred smoothly peeled off with a squeegee, with the edge of the Attica on the one hand and the orientation aids in the middle the cover plate or the precast concrete column on the other hand contribute to the optimal amount of poured over concrete determine and at the same time for a smooth and good looking Surface of the ceiling.

Finally, it is advantageous on the top edge of the round container and if necessary on the storage surface of the rotating Increasing the precast concrete column an elastic Apply sealing ring or a permanently elastic sealing compound. This leads to an optimal and permanent seal between the round container wall and the ceiling. This elastic or permanently elastic materials are above it also able to withstand small fluctuations in thermal Intercept expansion and thereby undesirable tensions between the round container and the ceiling.

The semi-finished parts used according to the invention for the production of concrete ceilings are dimensioned, if possible, that they have a size of 2.35 m to 2.50 m. You can then be transported on normal trucks will. But it is in principle and in particular for larger containers it is also possible to use semi-finished parts, the outer edge of which is up to 3.50 m wide. This can then at least on special transporters from the Manufacturing site transported to the place of use will.

The number of semi-finished parts required and their dimensions depends on the one hand on the diameter of the Round container and on the other hand of the possibilities of the rational Transport. The requirements for the statics of the ceiling can if necessary by dimensioning the load-bearing Reinforcements are taken into account. In any case it is possible according to the invention, with a relatively small number of semi-finished parts has a relatively wide range of requirements to meet the concrete ceilings for the round containers. Again, this is primarily a question of manufacturing costs, the logistics as well as the not inconsiderable costs for the Formwork elements for the production of semi-finished parts.

The manufacture and transport of precast concrete columns with a mushroom head and possibly other precast concrete columns and prefabricated beams are less critical. The fact that the precast concrete columns in the middle the container can be made height adjustable, can inevitable height fluctuations between the floor of the round container and the desired lower edge of the concrete ceiling can be easily compensated. It is even beyond that possible, a slope by the height adjustment of the ceiling to give to the outside without having to change the column dimension.

The fact that one existing below a cutting edge supporting reinforcement at the same time the requirement for the unreinforced outer edge of the next semi-finished part forms, this construction is already sealed against the poured over concrete. With correct assembly of the semi-finished parts is therefore not even to be feared that the liquid over-concrete can flow into the interior of the container and there to contaminate the bottom of the round container leads. It is therefore entirely possible after completion of the round container, but before the concrete ceiling is manufactured Units such as compressed air boilers, diesel units etc., to be introduced and installed in the round container.

The concrete ceilings according to the invention can, depending on the purpose be built above ground and underground. After this These concrete ceilings can also be easily set a higher layer of soil and if necessary also expanded as a parking lot or driveway will. The improved statics compared to conventional concrete ceilings gives a long-term guarantee of durability.

It is obvious that the statics also by type, scope and shape of the reinforcing bars can be influenced. For example, are exiting from the capped tip Reinforcing iron is particularly suitable after casting to connect the over-concrete with the semi-finished parts. The The same applies to reinforcement bars made from reinforcement protrude below the cut edge of the cover plate and thereby a stronger connection of the reinforcement with the set over-concrete.

The fact that circular containers with an inventive Concrete ceiling, if necessary, also over the top edge of the round container can be filled without causing interference or damage occurs, leads to another Optimization of the material consumption of reinforcement bars and Concrete.

In the attached figures, those used according to the invention are shown Semi-finished parts and the concrete ceiling according to the invention explained in more detail.

Figure 1 shows a top view of a concrete ceiling with a support plate.

Figure 2 shows a semi-finished part as well as cuts and views this semi-finished part.

Figure 3 shows in cross section a round container with a such a concrete ceiling.

Figure 4 shows a top view of a concrete ceiling for medium Diameter at which the platen is replaced by a precast concrete column.

Figure 5 shows the crucial parts of a cross section Round container with such a concrete ceiling.

Figure 6 shows a top view of a concrete ceiling for very large Diameter at which between the center and the wall of the Container in the polygon further precast concrete columns and precast beams available.

FIG. 7 shows the essential parts of a cross section such round container with concrete ceiling.

1

eine Betonfertigsäule

2

einen höhenverstellbaren Justierpunkt

3

einen Köcher zum Einbetonieren der justierten Betonfertigsäule

4

eine umlaufende Erhöhung am Pilzkopf als Auflage für die Halbfertigteile

5

den Pilzkopf einer Betonfertigsäule

6

die L-förmigen, tragenden Verstärkungen unterhalb der runden Außenkante und unterhalb einer der beiden Schnittkanten der Abdeckplatte

7

die Abdeckplatte in Form eines Kreissektors mit gekappter Spitze

8

die Auflage für die nicht verstärkte Außenkante des jeweils nächsten Halbfertigteils

9

Überbeton mit Armierungseisen

10

umlaufende Attika auf der Außenkante der Halbfertigteile

11

Säulenfortsatz in der Mitte des Pilzkopfes einer Betonfertigsäule

12

elastischer Dichtungsring oder dauerelastische Dichtungsmasse

13

parallel zur Außenkante verlaufende Lüftungsöffnungen

14

Überstand der Betondecke gegenüber dem Rundbehälter

15

Wassernase am Überstand

16

runde Außenwand des Rundbehälters

17

Betonfertigsäulen zwischen dem Zentrum und der Wand des Behälters

18

Fertigteilunterzüge

19

Boden des Rundbehälters

20

Auflageplatte für Halbfertigteile bei. freitragender Konstruktion.

In these drawings means

1

a precast concrete column

2nd

a height-adjustable adjustment point

3rd

a quiver for concreting the adjusted precast concrete column

4th

a circumferential increase on the mushroom head as a support for the semi-finished parts

5

the mushroom head of a precast concrete column

6

the L-shaped, load-bearing reinforcements below the round outer edge and below one of the two cut edges of the cover plate

7

the cover plate in the form of a circular sector with a capped tip

8th

the support for the non-reinforced outer edge of the next semi-finished part

9

Over-concrete with reinforcing iron

10th

all-round parapet on the outer edge of the semi-finished parts

11

Column extension in the middle of the mushroom head of a precast concrete column

12th

elastic sealing ring or permanently elastic sealing compound

13

Ventilation openings running parallel to the outer edge

14

Protrusion of the concrete ceiling from the round container

15

Water nose on the overhang

16

round outer wall of the round container

17th

Precast concrete columns between the center and the wall of the container

18th

Precast beams

19th

Bottom of the round container

20th

Support plate for semi-finished parts at. self-supporting construction.

Claims (17)

Concrete ceiling for round containers with a diameter of at least 5 m, consisting of several, the upper opening of the semi-finished parts covering the round container as a substructure and reinforced, poured over concrete, characterized, that the semi-finished parts have the shape of a Show circular sector with capped tip and each consist of a cover plate (7) with L-shaped, load-bearing Reinforcements (6) below the round outer edge and below one of the two cut edges of the cover plate, the round outer edge is a circumferential parapet (10) and the reinforcement (6) of the cutting edge the cover plate (7) protrudes over the cutting edge and thus the support (8) for the non-reinforced outer edge of the next semi-finished part. Concrete ceiling according to claim 1, characterized in that a support plate (20) is provided in the middle of the ceiling is. Concrete ceiling according to claim 1, characterized in that in the middle of the container a precast concrete column (1) is available. Concrete ceiling according to claim 3, characterized in that the precast concrete column (1) on a height adjustable Adjustment point (2) placed and concreted in the quiver (3) is. Concrete ceiling according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized characterized in that the precast concrete column has a mushroom head (5) with a circumferential increase (4). Concrete ceiling according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized characterized in that the precast concrete column has a column extension (11). Concrete ceiling according to one of claims 3 to 6, characterized characterized that between the center and the wall of the container in the polygon further precast concrete columns (17) and precast beams (18) are available. Concrete ceiling according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized characterized in that one or more in the round container smaller containers are available, the top of which has the same height as the round container and where the upper edges as a support for the semi-finished parts to serve. Concrete ceiling according to one of claims 3 to 8, characterized characterized in that the reinforcement (6) below the Cut edge of the cover plate (7) one or more ventilation openings running parallel to the outer edge (13) having. Concrete ceiling according to one of the. Claims 1 to 9, characterized characterized in that the ceiling opposite the round container has a projection (14). Concrete ceiling according to claim 10, characterized in that the protruding part of the concrete ceiling is a water nose (15). Concrete ceiling according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized characterized in that at least one of the semi-finished parts has a reinforced opening in the cover plate (7). Process for the production of concrete ceilings for round containers according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that in the middle of the round container either a height-adjustable formwork stand and an application plate (20) or a height adjustable concrete prefabricated column (1) and, if necessary, further precast concrete columns (17) and finished beams (18) are set up, then the semi-finished parts inserted with reinforcing bars to be covered and poured with over-concrete, whereby after only the existing one is tied Formwork stand in the middle is removed. A method according to claim 13, characterized in that the over-concrete after pouring with a screed is pulled off smoothly. A method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that that after casting the formwork stand through one or more wooden stamps are replaced. Method according to one of claims 13 to 15, characterized characterized in that on the upper edge of the round container (16) and, if necessary, on the shelf with all-round Raising (4) the precast concrete column (1) an elastic Sealing ring or a permanently elastic sealing compound (12) is applied. Semi-finished part for the production of concrete ceilings one of claims 1 to 12 in the form of a circular sector with a cut tip consisting of a cover plate (7) with L-shaped, supporting reinforcements (6) below the round outer edge and below one of the two Cut edges of the cover plate, with the round outer edge has a circumferential parapet (10) and the reinforcement (6) the cut edge of the cover plate (7) the cutting edge protrudes.

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