EP0828985A1

EP0828985A1 - Driving system for a water jet blower

Info

Publication number: EP0828985A1
Application number: EP96916172A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Friedrich Bude; Karl Albers; Stephan Simon
Original assignee: Bergemann GmbH
Current assignee: Bergemann GmbH
Priority date: 1995-05-30
Filing date: 1996-05-30
Publication date: 1998-03-18
Anticipated expiration: 2016-05-30
Also published as: EP0828985B1; AU5902596A; DE59608847D1; EP0828986A1; AU6003396A; EP0828985B2; CN1186547A; CN1186548A; CN1131992C; EP0828986B1; WO1996038703A1; DE59608453D1; CN1124469C; WO1996038701A1

Abstract

A water jet blower for cleaning thermal installations has a water lance (6) movably arranged (5) with its mouth on or in a hatch (2). The water lance (6) can project a water jet on the wall areas that can be reached from the hatch (2) through the thermal installation in operation filled with flames and/or smoke gas. The water jet blower may be moved by at least one moving element (8.1, 8.2, 8.3) joined at one end to the water jet blower and at the other end directly joined to the thermal installation. Displacement sensors are provided to accurately determine the position of the water lance (6). Preferably three moving elements (8.1, 8.2, 8.3) are used whose attachment points (9.1, 9.2, 9.3) form with the point of displacement (5) of the water lance (6) in particular angles from approximately 80° to 140°. This water jet blower may be used even in unfavourable conditions, as far as the space available is concerned, and can project any desired, predeterminable patterns with various speed profiles.

Description

DESCRIPTION

Drive system for a water lance blower

The present invention relates to a drive system for a water lance blower according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for its operation.

The cleaning of heating systems, in particular the combustion chambers of high-performance steam boilers during operation, is also carried out, among other things, with the help of water lance blowers, which emit a concentrated water jet through the combustion chamber onto the opposite wall. As a result of the thermal shock occurring, the kinetic water jet energy and the sudden evaporation of water which has penetrated into the pores of the deposits, the soiling of soot, slag and ash is chipped off. Typical arrangements and the surroundings of such water lance blowers are described, for example, in DD 276 335 AI, DD 281 452 A5 and DD 281 468 A5.

The water jet from water lance blowers generally follows a certain predetermined path on the surface to be cleaned, also called a blow figure, this path generally running in a meandering or spiral manner and possibly avoiding obstacles, openings or other sensitive zones.

In addition to control of the drive system by means of a template, which inevitably produces a very specific blow figure, two-axis controls were used above all on a frame with mutually perpendicular the control axes, in particular a horizontal and a vertical axis, in order to be able to control meandering paths particularly easily. In this way, it has always been possible to generate certain meandering blow figures by purely timing or control from a minimum stop to a maximum stop of the individual axle drives.

However, this type of control made it necessary to align the drives as precisely as possible. B. is described in DD 234 479 AI. There, at least two actuating elements act on the water lance, these two actuating elements being arranged on a frame at an angle of 90 °, the fastening points of the actuating elements on the frame also having to lie in a plane with a horizontally and vertically movable joint of the water lance, which forms the movement point of the water lance there.

Another two-axis control is also known from WO 93/12398, which precisely controls the water lance by means of two spindle drives running perpendicular to one another, which in turn are held by means of a guide frame.

From DD 239 656 AI it is also known to control the cleaning parameters of a water lance blower on the basis of temperature measurements on the surface to be cleaned.

In known water lance blowers, the blowing lance is guided by mechanisms and central drives, drive and bearing elements being mounted and arranged in a frame construction in the space around the blowing guides, which take up a large space. The often large length of the lance and the water supply lead to great leverage and Forces, which in turn require corresponding guides, drives and frames.

In addition, there is not enough space available in the area of each hatch, which can be any opening in which a water lance blower should advantageously be arranged. Numerous installations, such as steam pipes, switch cabinets, work platforms, etc., prevent large rectangular frames from being attached.

The object of the present invention is therefore to create a drive system for a water lance blower, which can be arranged flexibly even in confined spaces and also allows the free choice of any blow figures and any movement speeds. The object of the invention is also to provide a suitable method for operating such water lance blowers.

These tasks are solved by a water lance blower according to the

Claim 1 or a method according to claim 20. Advantageous

Embodiments and refinements are specified in the respective dependent claims.

The water lance blower according to the invention for cleaning heating systems can be moved by at least one movement element which is connected at one end to the water lance blower and at the other end directly to the heating system. In addition, the drive system is equipped with position transducers for the precise determination of the position of the water lance, as a result of which a controlled driving style can be achieved.

Such a construction pursues a new concept with which a water lance blower can be operated independently of a frame structure. This enables the water lance blower to be placed flexibly, making optimum use of the space available on the heating system. In an advantageous embodiment, the movement element is at least part of a manipulator arm. One end of the manipulator arm can preferably be attached to the heating system in such a way that the water lance blower is easily accessible in terms of maintenance and inspection, without unnecessarily restricting the space on a work platform. The manipulator arm itself can be designed freely, and in one embodiment the movement element itself is the manipulator arm. The arrangement of the ends of one or more movement elements in one plane, which extends perpendicular to a vertical plane through the movement point of the water lance, allows this movement point to be moved far forward into the hatch or the heating system, as a result of which larger swivel ranges and more favorable leverage ratios result in the drive system. If the water lance blower is installed in horizontal ceilings or floors of a heating system, then the vertical level is to be understood as a corresponding horizontal through the movement point. If only one movement element is used, this is preferred, its length and its direction can be changed, and thus fulfills the functions of a manipulator arm. If there are two movement elements, they only need to have linear drives to move the water lance on any path.

However, it can happen with two movement elements that they assume an almost aligned position, as a result of which the water lance can no longer be driven or is only possible with great difficulty. A third movement element, which can then support the drive, is very important for such arrangements. Depending on the requirements for the accuracy of the movement and the stability of the system, more than three movement elements can also be used. Common to all the arrangements described is that very complex, non-linear movements of the movement element or elements are required, for example, to carry out a meandering blow figure, so that simple control, in particular timing control, is no longer an option for such arrangements.

For this reason, the drive system according to the invention has displacement sensors for the exact determination of the position of the water lance, so that now it is not possible to use a pure control but a controlled control along a target movement line. The position transducers enable precise control of the blow figure so that the movement elements can be regulated accordingly. The drive system also allows certain parts of the blow figure to run at a first speed and other parts of the blow figure, for example non-contaminated or sensitive areas, to run at a second speed. Basically any blow figures and any speed profiles can be programmed or saved by recording on site.

The displacement transducers can either be arranged in the movement elements themselves as typical displacement or angle transducers, or they can be arranged on one or more displacement transducer arms. It is important that they can measure the exact position of the water lance in relation to a reference position, which may be determined before the blowing process begins. Capacitive, inductive or magnetic sensors as well as digital pedometers and the like are suitable as displacement sensors.

The control takes place in a common control electronics which receives the measured values of the displacement transducers, compares them with the target values of the given blow figure and controls the movement elements accordingly. In this way, even with any arrangement of the movement elements in the room are exactly repeated with respect to the route and speed. The movement elements can be, for example, hydraulic or pneumatic reciprocating pistons, as well as known spindle or rack and pinion drives, also electric or magnetic drives or the use of a manipulator arm are possible. Depending on the space available, it can also be advantageous to adapt the movement elements to the spatial conditions with levers, cables, chains, swivel joints and the like.

In order to improve the availability of the system and the positioning accuracy and reproducibility of a blow figure, it is possible to provide at least one more transducer than is required in principle to determine the position. Error compensation calculations can then reduce the inaccuracies of the displacement transducers or the operation of the system remains possible, even if one displacement transducer should fail.

One method for operating the system according to the invention is that the system is set up on site and then the blowing figure is run for the first time using a template or by visual observation of the water jet and the associated measured values of the displacement sensors are stored. It is also possible to calculate the setpoints for the displacement transducers for any blowing figure after the measured values of the displacement transducers have been determined for specific reference points.

The invention allows the almost arbitrary arrangement of one or more movement elements depending on the local conditions, the regulation of the movement element or elements by displacement sensors, despite the necessary complicated coordinate transformations, making it possible to exactly follow predetermined blow figures with predetermined speed profiles. The environment of the present invention and various exemplary embodiments to explain it are described with reference to the following drawing. Show

1 is a view from the outside of a water lance blower in a hatch of a heating system,

2 shows a horizontal section through the wall of the heating system in the plane of the water lance blower,

3 shows schematically the mode of operation of a water lance blower in a heating system,

4 shows the view from FIG. 1 with the movement axes drawn in to explain the movement sequences,

5 shows the view from FIG. 2 with the movement axes drawn in, FIG.

6 shows the view from behind of a shortened water lance with compensation volume,

7 shows a longitudinal section through the shortened water lance,

8 is a rear view of a shortened water lance with three arms,

9 shows a longitudinal section through FIG. 8, 10 and 11 further embodiments for drive systems of water lances,

12 and 13 a water lance with a box for sealing and flushing medium in the view from behind and in longitudinal section.

The exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 5 are used to illustrate the situation in the case of water lance blowers according to the invention. In the wall 1 of a heating system there is a hatch 2 with offset portions 3 inwards and outwards 4. The movement point is located in hatch 2 5 of the water lance 6 in the form of a pivot bearing or ball joint for the water lance 6 fixedly attached in its center. The water lance 6 has fastening points 7.1, 7.2, 7.3 at the rear end in which the lance-side ends of the movement elements 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 can be rotated (but not on the lance can be moved). The rear ends of the movement elements 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 can be rotated into the fixed bearings 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, e.g. Ball joints, integrated. The water enters the lance 6 via a connection 10 and a water supply 11 in the form of a pressure-resistant flexible hose.

Under realistic conditions, the heating system is surrounded by numerous components that obstruct the installation of water lance blowers. For example, a steam pipe 13 and the fixed bearing 9.1 are attached to a first support 12 above the hatch 2. A second support 14 is arranged at a short distance, to the right of hatch 2. At this end, a light grating 15 serving as a working platform ends on the right. The second support 14 also delimits the railings 16 and 17 and the walking and working platform 15 and holds a control cabinet 18. The lance end can be pivoted vertically from above “o” to below “u” in the swivel range S and by means of its movement elements 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 and from left “1” to right “r” in its horizontal range.

Because of the background, a frame arrangement would not be possible in this area. Because of the small distance between the steam pipe 13 and the outer skin 19 of the wall 1, the space available is severely limited, which in the working area "S" allows large vertical paths from the upper "o" to the lower "u" lance position, but in the horizontal direction only minimal paths allowed between the outer skin 19 and the steam pipe 13. Because of the obstacle in the control cabinet 18, the fixed bearing 9.3 can only be attached above it and, because of the large, approximately horizontal paths required in the work area S, it has to be to the bottom left (VW) to the bottom left (TW) or top left ("17" o " ) are fastened to the rightmost edge of the carrier 14, which also requires a long movement element 8.3. With predetermined controlled distances between points 9.1-7.1 and 9.3-7.3, each position of the lance is unambiguous together with the front pivot bearing of the lance Only in the working area of "r" / "o" obtuse angles occur with increased forces. According to the invention, a third but short movement element 8.2 is installed between points 7.2 and 9.2, which is controlled at the same time with its distances and a vibration and jerky movement of the lance 6 and the water jet prevented.

The movement elements 8.1 to 8.3 work in the upper and on the outer right edge area of the working platform, thus do not hinder the access to the platform and leave enough space down and to the left to allow the water connection 10 directly behind the very short lance length required for the blast jet quality Apply elbow 20 and arrange the water supply 11 to the left near the wall. First, that's one short swivel path of the flexible hose possible and, secondly, access to the stage 15 up to the blower is also possible without hindrance during the blowing operation.

On the movement elements 8.1 to 8.3 there are control elements in FIG. 1 which adjust the lengths of the movement elements depending on the given blow figure and the measured values of the displacement transducers 44 shown, the position of the water lance. In each working position of the lance, each movement element 8.1-8.3 will perform a length change and length change speed dependent on the spatial geometry of the distances, angular relationships and the geometrical location of the brackets 7.1-7.3 and fixed bearings 9.1-9.3, which coordinate the lance movement and guide the water jet. For this purpose, means 45 for registering and controlling the movement of the movement elements are located on one side of the carrier 14. However, the location of the control means is not dependent on the immediate proximity to the water lance blower. Connected to the lance blower via suitable data transmission paths 46, the control means can also be installed in a control room so that they can be accessed quickly.

In an exemplary embodiment according to the invention, after the water lance blower has been installed, the geometry between movement point 5, fastening points on the water lance 7.1-7.3 and fixed bearings 9.1-9.3 is measured, the results are entered into a computer program and the change of each movement element is given for the given blow figures. and / or stored depending on the blowing time and transmitted to the movement elements via the control elements during operation.

In a further exemplary embodiment, the distances of the movement elements are above the primary movement during the adjustment phase of the work areas. the lance or a locking device (not shown) on the end of the lance, which is mechanically coupled to an adjustment device for the blowing paths, can be adjusted. The changes in length of the individual movement elements resulting with each movement of the adjusting device and locking are registered and stored via the path sensors. Any blowing figures can be specified via the one-piece device. After removing the setting device and commissioning the control and water blower, the saved movements are executed.

The solution according to the invention will be explained in more detail below using an example:

1 after assembly with a centered lance position axially in the movement point 5, subsequent geometric dimensions for the position of the movement elements 8.1-8.3, their fixed bearings 9.1-9.3 and attachment points 7.1-7.3 on the water lance 6 relative to the central pivot point of the pivoting device 5, which is set as geometric point 0, have (FIGS. 4 and 5):

Pivotal point of part no. geometric point X Y z

5 0 0 0

7.1 ^X 7, I ^Y 7, I 27.1

7.2 ^X 7.2 ^Y 7.2 -1.2

7.3 ^X 7.3 ^Y 7.3 -1.3

9.1 ^X 9, I ^Y 9, I -9.1

9.2 ^X 9.2 ^X 9.2 -9.2

9.3 ^X 9.3 ^X 9.3 -9.3

Of course, the coordinates given in FIGS. 4 and 5 and the above table only apply to point-like pivot points, e.g. in the form of a ball joint. In the simplified solution shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 4, 5 with eye-shaped and ring-shaped connecting elements, any corrections are still to be made at the pivot point. However, these are decided on the test, since there is a necessary tolerance range for all mechanical movements of the movement elements.

About the pivot point with the coordinates X; Y; Z = 0, the movement point 5, the coordinates of the wall areas to be cleaned and their boundaries are determined in that the geometric straight line (if necessary after ballistic correction for long distances) of the water jet of the lance 6 on the wall surfaces of the heating system each lance position assigned) geometric point on the wall. The geometry of a combustion chamber part is recorded in FIG. 3. In the lower part there are 6 burner openings B, in the upper part 6 flue gas return openings R. The state of assembly of a water lance 6 according to FIGS. 4, 5 is shown with its movement point 5 as a geometric point 0. For the plane Y = 0, the blowing limits from G _r result on the combustion chamber walls, over the horizontal blowing area S to G ,, for the plane X = 0, the limit point G _u results from G ₀ to S (top, right, .. etc. is logically arranged in mirror image to Fig. 4, 5). A coordinate of the lance position can be geometrically assigned to any further wall point in the combustion chamber. In a preferred embodiment, this is done geometrically using the existing combustion chamber dimensions, for example using a mathematical program.

In an alternative embodiment, characteristic points of the combustion chamber walls are determined by means of on-site measurements, e.g. Laser beams replacing the lance position, which are used when the boiler is at a standstill (the longitudinal and transverse expansion of the wall surfaces must of course be taken into account during boiler operation) or other suitable measuring devices also in continuous operation.

In an analogous manner, blow paths for surface areas to be cleaned are then determined geometrically, mathematically or by measurement, and entered into the control of the movement elements. An example of this is the blow figure shown in FIG. 3 for cleaning the slag whiskers below some flue gas back-suction devices R and above a flue gas back-suction device. The cleaning program starts at A and ends at E. The mode of operation is such that after programming the associated path-time diagrams, e.g. in the computer or data storage of the block control system, after entering the appropriate cleaning command, the water lance blower moves to position A ( 3) and with the opening of the water supply, the path-time Program of movement elements 8.1-8.3 is traversed to point E and the water supply closes there again.

6 and 7 show, as a further exemplary embodiment, a water lance blower which is shortened according to the invention and is therefore particularly easy to move, with 2 angle arms and a control device. In the wall 1 of the heating system, the hatch 2 is located with bevels 3 and 4 inside. In the hatch 2, the movement point 5 of the water lance 6 is permanently installed and is designed as a front pivot bearing for the water lance 6 fixedly attached in the center. The lance 6 has fastening points 7.1, 7.2 at the rear end, in which the lance-side ends of the movement elements 8.1, 8.2 are rotatably fastened. The rear end of the movement elements 8.1, 8.2 is rotatably integrated in the fixed bearings 9.1, 9.2. The water enters the lance 6 via a connection 10 and a water supply 11 in the form of a pressure-resistant flexible hose. The movement elements are attached to a frame so that the water lance blower can be easily installed. Depending on the installation location, the frame can also be omitted.

The lance 6 and the water connection 10 are integrated in a ball container 20 which serves as a calming volume for the water flowing in from the side. The movement elements 8.1 and 8.2 are each composed of an upper arm 21.1 u. 21.2 and a curved forearm 22.1 u. 22.2; which with turntables 23.1 u. 23.2 are connected.

The turntables have drives 25.1 and 25.2 which open into the control cabinet 18 via flexible cable connections 26.1 and 26.2. Control cabinet 18 and fixed bearings 9.1 and 9.2 are fastened in a frame 27 which is arranged on the wall 1. In this version of the water lance blowers can only with a quarter frame and 2 movement elements

8.1 u. 8.2 the entire construction is to be mounted on one side above the hatch in a quarter of the area, so that the floor area and the left side are fully available for inspection by a worker 28. In particular, existing frame fragments on the heating system can be used favorably in this way in order to achieve a defined position of the water lance blower.

According to the invention, the extremely short lance 6 has at its end a ball container 20 which calms the inflow conditions of the water supply 11 in the ball and ensures a water supply to the water nozzle which is uniform over the cross section of the lance. With this arrangement of the movement elements 8.1 and. 8.2, the brackets 7.1 u. 7.2 With the small design, the leverage ratios are low and the stability of the lance guide with 2 movement elements is sufficient. Despite the small dimensions, the spatial arrangement of the drives 25.1 u. 25.2 and the control cabinet within the frame 26 possible. Special spatial minimizations result from the small distances between the movement point 5 as the fulcrum and the brackets 7.1 and 7.2 with the then small control movements of the arms 8.1,

8.2 and cable connections 26.1, 26.2.

In a further solution, stability problems of the lance guidance via only 2 length-controlled movement elements by additional 1-2 uncontrolled movement elements loaded under tension, which, for example, run as ropes with counterweight over rollers (see also FIGS. 10 and 11: items 8.2, 9.2, 29) fixed. The procedure is as described in the 1st example for Fig. 1-4. 8 and 9 show another embodiment for the formation and the drive of a shortened water lance blower with 3 symmetrically arranged angle arms as movement elements. In the wall 1 of the heating system, the hatch 2 is located with outward crests 3 and 4 outside. In the hatch 2, the movement point 5 is permanently installed and is designed as a front pivot bearing for the water lance 6 fixedly attached in the center. The lance 6 has fastening points 7.1, 7.2, 7.3 at the rear end, in which the lance-side ends of the movement elements 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 are rotatably fastened. The rear ends of the movement elements 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 are rotatably integrated into the fixed bearings 9.1, 9.2, 9.3. The water enters the lance 6 via a connection 10 and a water supply 11 in the form of a pressure-resistant flexible hose. The movement elements 8.1-8.3 are each composed of an upper arm 21.1-21.3, forearm 22.1-22.3 and a turntable 23.1-23.3, which are equipped with angle adjustment devices, not shown. The water lance 6 opens at the rear end into a 180 ° deflection 24, which connects to a manifold 20. The advantage of this solution is that, due to the kink of the upper arm and forearm construction, the fastening points 7.1-7.3 close to the pivot point 0 of the pivoting device shown as movement point 5 still work within the outer bulge 4 and the path lengths of 7.1-7.3 in the working area S and thus the angles of rotation of the turntables 23.1-23.3 can be minimized.

This makes a further reduction of the water lance length 6, not shown, but also the reduction of the forearm-upper arm system 22-23-21 possible in such a way that the fixed bearings 9.1-9.3 can be attached directly to the edge of the outer edge of the outer offset 4 and the overall construction tion only slightly exceeds the hatch dimensions and the required movements of the flexible hose for the water supply are further reduced. The work areas are set in the same way as previously described ben. A change in path is replaced by a change in the angle of rotation Δ Alpha of the turntables 23.1-23.3.

10 and 11 show exemplary embodiments for water lance blowers with 2 tangentially fastened movement elements and a hydraulic cylinder.

The rope-shaped movement elements 8.1 and 8.3 are with their fixed bearings

9.1 and 9.3 and retractors 42 are arranged approximately horizontally, but are in contrast to the previous solutions with their restraints

7.1 and 7.3 attached to the tangential outer wall area of an outer tube 35 of the water lance 6 within the offset 4. The movement element

8.2 is arranged as a hydraulic cylinder with its fixed bearing 9.2 on the support of the light grating 15 and on the lance with its attachment point 7.2 in the vicinity of the air supply 38. Air 38 and water 11 connections are axially rearward with curvatures together upwards in one direction. The air supply not only serves as sealing and purge air, but also because of its guidance as a cooling medium.

This arrangement has the following advantages: small paths of the movement elements 8.1 and 8.3, so that only small angles of rotation of the rollers 42. improved force effect through tangential mounting 7.1 and 7.3, in particular with a large diameter of the outer tube 35 with air cooling (air supply). Simplified common water / air supply connected with clamp 43 with the smallest space requirement. safe guidance despite cable pulling effects 8.1 and 8.3 and by hydraulic cylinders 8.2. The exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 shows schematically how water lance blowers can be protected and cooled by means of a protective sleeve with sealing and purge air and, for example, moved by three rope-like movement elements. A shortened design of the water lance with close to the wall, in particular approximately parallel to the wall, of water can also be encapsulated relatively well completely with a housing, as a result of which all drive elements can be protected against contamination. Only the water supply line and measuring and control lines have to be routed through the housing to the outside. Various flow guides, as will be explained in greater detail on the basis of the drawing, can be realized, so that cooling, protection against contamination (purging) and prevention of uncontrolled gas exchange through the hatch (blocking) can be achieved at the same time. In order to protect the outlet area in particular from contamination and aggressive gases, the flushing medium can flow around it in the manner of a jacket jet.

In an important additional aspect of the invention, which can also be implemented independently of the other features of the invention in systems according to the prior art, a further improvement in the supply of blocking and flushing medium is to be achieved here. This happens because the supply of sealing and flushing medium is not set constantly, but is regulated individually for each water lance blower. This can be done both with a central supply of several housings by suitable valves, as well as with an individual supply through appropriate regulation of the supply units.

A suitable measurement and control variable for the blocking function of the medium is in particular the differential pressure between the interior of the heating system and

Interior of the housing. If this value is kept constant, gas can never flow from the heating system into the housing and the current of barrier medium in the heating system remains constant at an acceptable low level.

A suitable measurement and control variable for the rinsing function (or cooling function) of the medium is, in particular, the temperature at one or more measuring points in the front area of the water lance or in the vicinity of the movement point. If this point is kept constant, the amount of cooling medium varies depending on the operating conditions, but only to the extent absolutely necessary for the flushing function.

Both controls can also be used in combination, for example by initially keeping the differential pressure constant, but switching to temperature control when a limit temperature is exceeded.

In the wall 1 of the heating system, the hatch 2 is located with recesses towards the inside 3 and outside 4. In the hatch 2, the movement point 5 is permanently installed and is designed as a front pivot bearing for the water lance 6 which is fixed in centimeters. The lance 6 has fastening points 7.1, 7.2, 7.3 at the rear end, in which the lance-side ends of the movement elements 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 are rotatably fastened. The rearward ends of the movement elements are rotatably integrated in the fixed bearings 9.1, 9.2, 9.3. The water enters the lance 6 via a connection 10 and a water supply 11 in the form of a pressure-resistant flexible hose. The non-illustrated, non-rotatable but flexibly bendable holding sections 7.1-7.3 hold stable but flexible ropes which act as movement elements 8.1-8.3. The ropes run on the fixed bearings 9.1-9.3 over rolls or are wound up / unwound on these rolls. In a further embodiment there is a counterweight 29 (shown in dotted lines) at the end of the rope of the movement elements 8.2. Own the roles Actuators 25.1-25.3 with their consoles. The hatch 2 is limited by a connection box 30. The outer edge of the connection box is sealed with the lance 6 via a housing 31 and forms an air-flowed free interior 32. The lance 6 with its nozzle 33 has an inlet 34 at the end. The lance is encased by an outer tube 35. The outer tube has a separating ring 36 which forms an air jacket 37 with air supply 38 in the front area and a water deflection 39 in the rear part which opens into the water connection 10.

Barrier and flushing fluid, preferably air, can flow through openings 40 from the air jacket 37 into the nozzle head of the lance 6 and through openings 41 into the interior 32. In this solution, the 3 movement elements 8.1-8.3 are only controlled via tensile forces. Twisting forces due to the spatial movement of the movement elements are particularly compensated for in the case of a rope, which is shown with the retractor 42 on the fixed bearing 9.3. In another solution, the roller and rope are replaced by a chain and sprocket. With this solution, as shown on the fixed bearing 9.1, the chain can hang down freely at the free end.

In a further solution, a movement element, as shown here in dashed lines for 8.2, is equipped without a drive and the necessary tension is generated via a roller 9.2 and counterweight 29.

In these solutions, air and water supply can be accommodated in a jacket tube, the air and water supply hanging freely, can be arranged in a vertical plane without movement elements and air or water supply being obstructed in the swivel positions. With narrow ropes as movement elements, which only require small holding lengths 7.1-7.3, at max. Inclination of the lance for this also sufficient space between the housing 31 and lance -Outerrohr35-, if the Swing hold-downs from design requirements into outer indentation 4. In this case the lance can be shortened further.

The outer tube 35 with the closing hemisphere as a deflection 39 brings uniform inflow conditions of the water into the lance and ensures a swirl-free water jet with a small fanning out despite a short lance.

Of course, all of the technical solutions listed can be coupled with one another as desired, in particular this relates to the selection and combination of the technology of the movement element (s) and their force effect on tension and / or pressure and the arrangement of the brackets at different distances from the movement point 5 of the lance, the Variation as ball joint, bracket, ring eyes, joint, universal joint or rigid connection with flexible transition, the variable choice of different lengths of the movement elements and variable locations for the fixed bearings. Another advantage is the possibility of retrofitting individual components such as the movement elements, the short water lance or the displacement transducer with control or the complete water lance blower on a heating system. An advantageous retrofit is to be illustrated below using an already known type of water lance blower, as described in WO 93/12398. In a wall, for example in the area of a light grid, there is a hatch with internal and external offset. The water lance chopped there is guided through a ball joint in the hatch. On a frame, which is fastened to the inner offset of the wall, there are spindles mounted in a frame at the top and bottom, which serve as movement elements of the water lance. The upper spindle is rotated by a drive with a path change / angle of rotation system. There are bearings on the spindles, which have a vertical movement guide element in the form of a spindle. This vertical spindle also has a drive with a path change / angle of rotation change system. There is a fastening point for the water lance on the vertical spindle. By connecting the water lance at the ball joint in the hatch and at the attachment point of the vertical movement element, the jet direction of the water lance blower can be changed. This water lance blower is now convertible; instead of the long water lance, a shortened, curved one is installed, which also has an effort volume in the form of a sphere. Furthermore, the water lance blower is covered with a housing that is dust and splash proof. The movement elements are provided with displacement sensors, which in turn are connected to a controller. The drives of the movement elements are again guided by this control. The spatial shortening of the water lance blower and its housing cover lead to the light grating being accessible from accidents. A changeable drive in connection with the displacement transducers and the control enables the execution of any blow figures.

The choice of the method for controlling the blow figures and their programming can also be coupled as desired between the experimental measurement and mathematical program solution. In terms of measurement technology or experiment, the radiation geometry of the lance guide into the heating system can be extended, geometric corner points, e.g. Maximum up / down, right / left etc., determined, these are entered in a mathematical program and then the other path points for the blow figure are calculated.

Another variation consists in the blowing operation with different web speeds, which has not yet been implemented in other solutions, so that heavily slagged areas are blown in longer for a pre-programmed period or / and realizes that instead of switching the water supply valves on and off at high speed without interrupting the blowing operation, the end point E is moved to the starting point A of the next blowing figure (see FIG. 3).

The following advantages result from the invention:

a. The process ensures the variable execution of any blow figures, it is not primarily the geometry of the conventional movement elements with horizontal and / or vertical changes of 90 °

Movements, circular or involute movements coupled. Direction, deflection and speed can be varied as required and individually adapted to the cleaning requirements.

b. There are no restrictions on the installation location of the water lance blower. Built hatches, lack of space and other spatial constraints can still be used for the installation of adapted water lance blowers by varying the arrangement and length of the movement elements with individual choice of fixed points and holding lengths on the lance. This can be used for the arrangement of the

Water lance blowers in the heating system make an optimal selection and the number of water lance blowers in the system is minimized.

c. Material usage, space requirements and weight of the water lance blower are minimized. In particular, the bearings and drives housed in a stable large frame and the spindles, chains and guides of the previous solutions are eliminated. The assembly is simplified. d. The procurement of materials becomes considerably more flexible since there are no requirements for fixed dimensions of construction elements. The offer on the market for motion element solutions, fixed bearings and control elements can be used as desired.

e. In the case of defects, constructive deviations when replacing components can be permitted if the setting of the blow figures is adapted.

f. The dimensions of the water lance blowers, especially to the rear and to the side, are reduced. This means that it can be walked on and installed even on narrow stages.

G. The water supply is simplified and less susceptible to faults due to shorter swivel paths and elimination of bends.

REFERENCE SIGN LIST

1 wall

2 hatch

3 internal overhang

4 external overhang

5 movement point, ball joint

6 water lance

7.1-7.3 Attachment points on the water lance

8.1-8.3 Movement elements

9.1-9.3 Fastening points on the heating system

10 water connection

11 water supply

12 first carrier

13 steam pipe

14 second carrier

15 light grid

16, 17 railings

18 control cabinet, control cabinet

19 Outer skin of the heating system

20 ball volume, water flow

21.1-21.3 upper arm

22.1-22.3 forearm

23.1-23.3 turntable

24 deflection, curvature

25.1-25.2 drives

26.1-26.2 Cable connections

27 frames

28 workers

29 counterweight 30 junction box

31 housing

32 housing interior

33 Nozzle 34 Inlet

35 outer tube

36 separating ring

37 air jacket

38 Air supply 39 Water deflection

40, 41 openings

42 take-up device

43 clamp

44 displacement sensors 45 means for control and / or registration

46 Data transmission path

Δ Alpha change in angle of rotation

ΔL path change

A beginning E end

S work area r right

1 left

0 above U below x, Y, z coordinates

G limit points

B burner opening

R Flue gas return opening

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS

1. Water lance blower for cleaning heating systems, wherein a water lance (6) is movably arranged (5) with its mouth on or in a hatch (2) and a jet of water flows through the heating system that is in operation and flows with flames and / or smoke gases wall areas (A-E) that can be reached from the hatch (2),

characterized,

that the water lance (6) can be moved by at least one movement element, which is connected at one end to the water lance blower and at the other end directly to the heating system, with displacement sensors (44) for precise determination of the position the water lance (6) are present.

2. Water lance blower according to claim 1, characterized in that the movement element is at least part of a manipulator arm.

3. Water lance blower according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a plane is spanned by the ends of the movement element (8.1, 8.2, 8.3) which is extra-perpendicular to a vertical plane through the movement point (5) of the water lance (6). of the heating system.

4. Water lance blower according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that at least two, preferably three, movements supply elements (8.1, 8.2, 8.3) are present, the fastening points (9.1, 9.2, 9.3) of which preferably form angles of approximately 80° to 140° with the movement point (5) of the water lance (6).

Water lance blower according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movement elements (8.1, 8.2, 8.3) themselves contain displacement sensors which measure their exact length and/or angular position relative to a reference position.

Water lance blower according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one additional displacement sensor arm is present, which has displacement sensors for determining the exact position of the water lance (6).

Water lance blower according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has means (45) for controlling or registering the movement of at least the water lance (6).

8. Water lance blower according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movement elements (8.1, 8.2, 8.3) and the displacement sensors are connected to a common control electronics, which determines the exact position of the water lance (6) from the measured values of the displacement sensors. calculated and

There are control commands to the movement elements (8.1, 8.2, 8.3), whereby in particular certain pre-calculated and/or previously stored movement sequences of the water lance (6) can be repeated exactly with regard to travel path and speed. 9. Water lance blower according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movement elements (8.1, 8.2, 8.3) are hydraulic or pneumatic reciprocating pistons, each with one end (9.1, 9.2,

9.3) are articulated to a fixed point of the heating system and with the other end (7.1, 7.2, 7.3) to the part of the water lance (6) lying outside the heating system.

10. Water lance blower according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the movement elements (8.1, 8.2,

8.3) Spindle drives or rack drives, each with one end (9.1, 9.2, 9.3) at a fixed point of the heating system and with the other end (7.1, 7.2, 7.3) on the part of the water lance (6) located outside the heating system. are articulated.

11. Water lance blower according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the movement elements (8.1, 8.2, 8.3) are electrical or magnetic drives.

12. Water lance blower according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the movement elements (8.1, 8.2, 8.3) include levers, cables, chains, swivel joints or the like (42).

13. Water lance blower according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that additional, passive stabilization elements are present for securely holding the water lance (6), preferably stabilization elements pre-stressed in compression or tension.

14. Water lance blower according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the displacement transducers are angle and/or length transducers.

15. Water lance blower according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that there is at least one more displacement sensor than is required to determine the position in order to increase the positioning accuracy and availability.

16. Water lance blower according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least part of the water lance (6) can be cooled by suitable means (45).

17. Water lance blower according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the area of the hatch (2) is sealed by a housing (31) which can be acted upon with a barrier and flushing medium.

18. Water lance blower according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the water lance (6) is shortened in that the water supply (10, 11) is angled (20) one or more times by a total of more than 70 °, preferably more than 90 °. 24; 39).

19. Water lance blower according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the end of the water lance (6) lying outside the heating system, there is an expanded calming volume (20; 39), in particular an approximately spherical volume (20), for the water supplied .

20. Method for operating a water lance blower for cleaning heating systems, wherein a water lance (6) is movably arranged (3) with its mouth on or in a hatch (2) and a jet of water flows through the operating and with flames and/or flue gases can blow through the heat system onto wall areas (A-E) that can be reached from the hatch (2),

characterized,

that the water lance (6) is connected by at least one movement element, which is connected at one end to the water lance blower (6) and at the other end directly to the heating system, along certain pre-calculated or previously saved movement lines with pre-calculated or previously saved, in particular variable speeds that depend on the position.

21. Method according to claim 20, characterized in that the current position of the water lance (6) is determined in relation to a reference position by means of length and/or angle sensors arranged on the movement elements (8.1, 8.2, 8.3) and/or at least one separate displacement sensor arm is determined precisely and online for further control

Movement sequence is used.

22. Method according to Anspmch 21, characterized in that at least one measured value from a displacement transducer is measured and processed more than is required for position determination is used to increase the measurement accuracy through error compensation calculations and to increase availability in the event of a sensor failure.