EP0828987B1 - Water jet blast with shortened water lance - Google Patents

Abstract

A water jet blast for cleaning thermal installations has a water lance (6) movably arranged (5) with its mouth on or in a hatch (2). The water lance (6) can project a water jet on the wall areas that can be reached from the hatch (2) through the thermal installation in operation filled with flames and/or smoke gas. In order to shorten the water lance (6), the water supply (11, 10) is bent one or several times by a total of more than 70°, in particular more than 90° (20, 24; 39). An enlarged stabilising volume (20, 39), in particular an approximately spherical volume (20), arranged at the end of the water lance (6) outside the thermal installation allows a more homogeneous flow profile to be obtained, so that the jet quality of the water lance is not affected. The shorter water lance may be used with simpler driving mechanisms and fits in narrow spaces.

Description

The present invention relates to a water lance blower according to the Preamble of claim 1.

Such a water lance blower is out WO-A-93 / 12,398.

The cleaning of heating systems, especially the fireboxes of steam boilers great performance during operation also takes place among other things with the help of water lance blowers that a bundled water jet through place the firebox on the opposite wall. As a result of the occurring Thermal shocks, kinetic water jet energy and sudden evaporation of porous deposits Water will flake off the soot, slag and soiling Ash causes. Typical arrangements and the environment of such water lance blowers are for example in DD 276 335 A1, DD 281 452 A5 and the DD 281 468 A5 described.

The water jet from water lance blowers generally follows one certain predetermined path on the surface to be cleaned, also blow figure called, this path generally meandering or spiral runs and possibly obstacles, openings or other sensitive Excludes zones.

In addition to controlling the drive system using a template, which is mandatory A very specific blow figure was created, especially two-axis controls inserted on a frame with perpendicular to each other Control axes, in particular a horizontal and a vertical Axis, in order to be able to control meandering paths particularly easily. In this way it has always been possible to create certain meandering shapes Blow figures by pure timing or control of one Minimum stop to a maximum stop of the individual final drives produce.

However, this type of control required the drives align as precisely as possible, such as B. in DD 234 479 A1 is described. There act at least two actuators on the Water lance, these two actuators at an angle of 90 ° are arranged on a frame, in addition the attachment points of the actuators on the frame in one plane with one horizontally and vertically movable joint of the water lance must lie, which forms the movement point of the water lance there.

Another two-axis control is also known from WO 93/12398, which the water lance by means of two spindle drives running perpendicular to each other controls precisely, which in turn by means of a guide frame are supported.

The cleaning parameters are also known from DD 239 656 A1 of a water lance blower based on temperature measurements on the to control the cleaning surface.

In known water lance blowers, the blowing lance is guided over Mechanics and central drives, being in the space around the blow guides Drive and bearing elements stored in a frame structure and are arranged, which occupy a large space. The often big one Length of the lance and the water supply leads to great leverage and Forces, which in turn have corresponding guides, drives and frames require.

In addition, not every hatch, which is every opening can be arranged in the advantageously a water lance blower enough space is available. Numerous internals, such as Steam pipes, switch cabinets, work platforms etc. hinder the attachment of large rectangular frames.

The object of the present invention is therefore to create a shortened Design for a water lance blower, which is flexible even under cramped conditions Space can be arranged and also lower requirements to the stability of the drive system, as well as free choice any blow figures and any movement speeds.

This object is achieved by a water lance blower according to the Claim 1. Advantageous embodiments and refinements are in the dependent claims.

This significantly reduces the length of a water lance achieved that the water supply one or more times by a total of more than 70 °, in particular more than 90 °, angled. It was so far known to design the water supply with an obtuse angle below 70 °, at z. B. feed a hose obliquely from behind, however were deflections of 90 ° or more in previous drive systems not possible because the hose then collides with the drive elements would. In addition, such diversions were due to a negative influence on the jet quality of the water lance is not taken into account drawn. According to the invention angled water supplies have the Advantage that the water supply closer to the point of movement of the water lance lies, which is necessary for the movement of the water lance Forces because of the shorter lever with which the heavy water supply reduces significantly. The water supply can installed close to the point of movement and the outer wall of the heating system be, which also means much less water supply in the Movement of the water lance is required. These advantages make it possible also to use less stable drive systems because now less Forces are required. Such drive systems can be used without a continuous Realize the frame, making the water supply near the wall can run smoothly in an area without drive elements.

Depending on the shortness of the water lance, the last curve of the water supply can the quality of the water jet emerging from the water lance affect. A compensation volume helps, especially an im substantial spherical compensation volume, at the rear end of the shortened Water lance. Such a volume makes the flow profile of the water flowing over a bend and thus equalized good bundling of the water jet in the water lance again.

A water lance blower shortened according to the invention is particularly preferred movable by fairly simple mechanics, e.g. B. by at least one Movement element that with one end directly on the heating system and with another end is articulated to the water lance. In addition is the drive system with displacement sensors for precise determination of the position the water lance equipped, resulting in a regulated driving style can be realized. Such a construction creates a new concept with which a water lance blower works independently of a frame is to be managed. This enables flexible placement of the Water lance blowers available with favorable use of each standing room at the heating system. In an advantageous embodiment the movement element is at least part of a manipulator arm. On The end of the manipulator arm can preferably be attached to the heating system in such a way that that the water lance blower is good in terms of maintenance and inspection can be reached without the space, for example, of a work platform being unnecessary is restricted on which the manipulator arm can be located. The Manipulatorarm itself can be designed freely, in one embodiment the movement element itself is the manipulator arm. The arrangement of the Ends of one or more movement elements in one plane, the perpendicular to a vertical plane through the point of movement of the Water lance runs, allowing this point of movement far forward in relocate the hatch or the heating system, which causes larger ones Swivel ranges and more favorable lever ratios in the drive system result. Is the water lance blower in horizontal ceilings or floors installed in a heating system, is then a corresponding under the vertical level Understand horizontally through the point of movement. Will only a movement element is used, this is preferably in length and changeable in its direction and thus fulfills the functions of a Manipulator arm. If there are two movement elements, you need these only have length drives to the water lance on any Moving tracks. An angled water supply is suitable also especially for retrofitting to existing water lance blowers. The curvature is then very close to the point of movement of the water lance layable, so that occurring forces and moments compared to the previous one Arrangement can be reduced. In addition, at the rear end of the water lance blower Space saved. Due to the missing hose movements there a preferred housing of the water lance blower is simplified.

However, it can happen with two movement elements that they are one assume almost aligned position, which drives the water lance is no longer possible or is very difficult. For such arrangements is a third movement element, which then support the drive can, very important. Depending on the requirements for the accuracy of the Movement and system stability can include more than three movement elements be used.

Common to all the arrangements described is that, for example Execution of a meandering blow figure very complex, non-linear Movements of the movement element or elements are required so that a simple control, in particular a time control for such arrangements is no longer an option.

For this reason, the drive system according to the invention has displacement sensors to determine the exact position of the water lance so that now no pure control, but a regulated control along a target movement line is possible. The displacement transducers enable that precise control of the blow figure, so that the movement elements accordingly can be regulated. The drive system also allows it, certain Parts of the blow figure at a first speed and other parts of the Blow figure, for example not contaminated or sensitive areas a second speed. Basically, any Blow figures and any speed profiles programmable or through Recording can be saved on site.

The displacement sensors can either be in the movement elements themselves be arranged as a typical displacement or angle sensor, or they can be arranged on one or more displacement transducer arms. Important is, that the exact position of the water lance with respect to a reference position, which may be specified before the start of the blowing process, can measure. Capacitive, inductive or are suitable as displacement transducers magnetic sensors, as well as digital pedometers and the like.

The control takes place in a common control electronics, which the measured values the displacement sensor receives with the setpoints of the given Blow figure compares and controls the movement elements accordingly. On this way, even with any arrangement of the movement element or elements in the room blow figures with regard to route and speed can be repeated exactly. The movement elements can for example hydraulic or pneumatic reciprocating pistons, as well as known spindle or rack and pinion drives also electric or magnetic drives or the use of a manipulator arm are possible. Depending on Space can also be an advantage when using the movement elements Levers, cables, chains, swivel joints and the like to the spatial Adapt conditions.

To the availability of the system and the positioning accuracy and To improve the reproducibility of a blow figure, it is possible at least to provide a displacement transducer more than in principle to determine the Position is required. Then through error compensation calculation Inaccuracies of the displacement transducers are reduced or remain Operation of the system possible, even if a displacement sensor should fail.

One method of operating the system is that the system is built on site and then the blow figure based on a Template or by visual observation of the water jet for the first time traversed and the associated measured values of the displacement transducers saved become. Also a calculation of the target values for the displacement sensors for each Any blow figure is possible after the measured values of the displacement transducers have been determined for certain reference points.

The system allows almost any arrangement of one or more Movement elements depending on the local conditions, with the regulation of the movement element or elements by displacement sensors despite the necessary complicated coordinate transformations the exact tracing of predefined Blow figures with given speed profiles.

Fig. 1

eine Ansicht von außen auf einen Wasserlanzenbläser in einer Luke einer Wärmeanlage,

Fig. 2

einen horizontalen Schnitt durch die Wand der Wärmeanlage in der Ebene des Wasserlanzenbläsers,

Fig. 3

schematisch die Wirkungsweise eines Wasserlanzenbläsers in einer Wärmeanlage,

Fig. 4

die Ansicht von Fig. 1 mit eingezeichneten Bewegungsachsen zur Erläuterung der Bewegungsabläufe,

Fig. 5

die Ansicht aus Fig. 2 mit eingezeichneten Bewegungsachsen,

Fig. 6

die Ansicht von hinten auf eine verkürzte Wasserlanze mit Ausgleichsvolumen,

Fig. 7

einen Längsschnitt durch die verkürzte Wasserlanze,

Fig. 8

eine Ansicht von hinten auf eine verkürzte Wasserlanze mit drei Bewegungsarmen,

Fig. 9

einen Längsschnitt durch Fig. 8,

Fig. 10 und 11

weitere Ausführungsbeispiele für Antriebssysteme von Wasserlanzen,

Fig. 12 und 13

eine Wasserlanze mit Kasten für Sperr- und Spülmedium in der Ansicht von hinten und im Längsschnitt.

The environment of the present invention and various exemplary embodiments to explain it are described with reference to the following drawing. Show

Fig. 1

a view from the outside of a water lance blower in a hatch of a heating system,

Fig. 2

a horizontal section through the wall of the heating system in the plane of the water lance blower,

Fig. 3

schematically the mode of operation of a water lance blower in a heating system,

Fig. 4

1 with the axes of movement drawn in to explain the movement sequences,

Fig. 5

2 with the axes of movement shown,

Fig. 6

the rear view of a shortened water lance with compensation volume,

Fig. 7

a longitudinal section through the shortened water lance,

Fig. 8

a rear view of a shortened water lance with three arms,

Fig. 9

8 shows a longitudinal section through FIG. 8,

10 and 11

further exemplary embodiments for drive systems of water lances,

12 and 13

a water lance with box for locking and flushing medium in the view from behind and in longitudinal section.

To illustrate the situation with water lance blowers according to the invention serve first the embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 5. In the Wall 1 of a heating system is a hatch 2 with offsets inside 3 and outside 4. In hatch 2 is the point of movement 5 of the water lance 6 in the form of a swivel bearing or ball joint for the water lance fixed in its center 6. The water lance 6 has fastening points 7.1, 7.2, 7.3 at the rear end in which the lance-side ends of the movement elements 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 rotatable (but not slidable on the lance). The back ends of the movement elements 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 can be rotated into the fixed bearings 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, e.g. Ball joints, integrated. Water entering lance 6 takes place via a connection 10 and a water supply 11 in the form of a pressure-resistant flexible hose.

Under realistic conditions, the heating system is numerous, one Installation surrounded by components obstructing water lance blowers. So are e.g. above the hatch 2 on a first support 12, a steam pipe 13 and the fixed bearing 9.1 attached. At a short distance, to the right of hatch 2 a second carrier 14 is arranged. At this on the right ends as Light grid 15 serving as a work platform. The second support 14 delimits also the railings 16 and 17 and the walking and working platform 15 and stops a control cabinet 18.

The lance end is by means of its movement elements 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 in Swivel range S vertically from top "o" to bottom "u" and in its horizontal Range can be swiveled from left "l" to right "r".

Because of the obstacles, a frame arrangement would not be in this area possible. Because of the small distance between the steam pipe 13 and the outer skin 19 of wall 1, the space available is very limited Work area "S" has large vertical paths from the upper "o" to the lower "u" lance position, but in the horizontal direction only minimal paths are allowed between the outer skin 19 and the steam pipe 13. Because of the obstacle in the control cabinet 18, the fixed bearing 9.3 can only be above of them must be attached and must be necessary because of the large approximately horizontal paths in the work area S below right ("r" / "u") at the bottom left ("l" / "u") or top left ("l" / "o") right edge of the carrier 14 are attached, which also a long movement element 8.3 is required. With given controlled Distances between points 9.1-7.1 and 9.3-7.3 is common with the front pivot bearing of the lance every position of the lance clearly fixed. Only in the working area of "r" / "o" do obtuse angles occur increased forces. According to the invention, a third but short movement element 8.2 installed between points 7.2 and 9.2, which is controlled simultaneously with its distances and a vibration and jerky movement of the lance 6 and the water jet prevented.

The movement elements 8.1 to 8.3 work in the upper and on the outer right edge of the work platform, do not hinder the inspection the stage and leave enough space down and left to the Water connection 10 immediately behind that required for the blast jet quality very short lance length with a manifold 20 and the Arrange water supply 11 to the left near the wall. First, that's one short swivel path of the flexible hose possible and secondly the Inspection of stage 15 up to the blower even during the blowing operation possible without disability.

Control elements are located on the movement elements 8.1 to 8.3 in FIG. 1, which the lengths of the moving elements depending on the given blow figure and the measured values of the displacement transducers shown 44 adjust the position of the water lance. In every working position Lance, each movement element 8.1-8.3 becomes one of the spatial geometry the distances, angular relationships and the geometric location of the Brackets 7.1-7.3 and fixed bearings 9.1-9.3 dependent length change and Carry out length change speed, which are coordinated with each other perform the lance movement and the guidance of the water jet. For this purpose, means 45 for registration are located on one side of the carrier 14 and to control the movement of the moving elements. The place of Attachment of the control means is however not on the immediate vicinity instructed to the water lance blower. Via suitable data transmission paths 46 connected to the lance blower, the control means can also in a waiting room to be able to access them quickly.

In one embodiment, after mounting the Water lance blower the geometry between movement point 5, attachment points measured on the water lance 7.1-7.3 and fixed bearings 9.1-9.3, the results entered in a computer program and there for given blow figures the change of each movement element blasortund / or saved depending on the blowing time and during operation via the Transfer controls to the motion elements.

In a further embodiment, the Working areas the distances of the movement elements over the primary movement the lance or a locking device (not shown) on the lance end, which is mechanically coupled with an adjustment device for the blowing paths is adjustable. With every movement of the adjusting device and Locking resulting changes in length of the individual movement elements are registered and saved via the position transducers. So can Any blowing figures can be specified via the setting device. To Removal of the adjustment device and commissioning of the control and The saved movements are scanned by water blowers.

The mode of operation is illustrated below using an example are explained:

1 after assembly with a centered lance position axially in the movement point 5, subsequent geometric dimensions for the position of the movement elements 8.1-8.3, their fixed bearings 9.1-9.3 and attachment points 7.1-7.3 on the water lance 6 relative to the central pivot point of the pivoting device 5, which is set as geometric point 0, have (FIGS. 4 and 5): Pivotal point of part no. geometric point X Y Z 5 0 0 0 7.1 X _7.1 Y _7.1 Z _7.1 7.2 X _7.2 Y _7.2 Z _7.2 7.3 X _7.3 Y _7.3 Z _7.3 9.1 X _9.1 Y _9.1 Z _9.1 9.2 X _9.2 X _9.2 Z _9.2 9.3 X _9.3 X _9.3 Z _9.3

Of course, the ones given in FIGS. 4 and 5 and the table above apply Coordinates only at point-like pivot points, e.g. in form of Ball joint. In the simplified drawn in Fig. 1, 2 and 4, 5 Solution with eye-shaped and ring-shaped connecting elements are in the pivot point make any corrections. But these are about the Testing decided because with all mechanical movements of the movement elements there is a necessary tolerance range.

About the pivot point with the coordinates X; Y; Z = 0, the point of movement 5, the coordinates of the wall areas to be cleaned and the limits of which are determined by the fact that the geometric straight line (if necessary after ballistic correction for long distances) of the water jet the lance 6 on the wall surfaces of the heating system (each lance position assigned) geometric point on the wall.

The geometry of a combustion chamber part is recorded in FIG. 3. In the lower part there are 6 burner openings B, in the upper part 6 flue gas return openings R. The state of assembly of a water lance 6 according to FIGS. 4, 5 is shown with its movement point 5 as a geometric point 0. For the plane Y = 0 there are the blowing limits from G _r on the combustion chamber walls, over the horizontal blowing area S to G _l , for the plane X = 0 there is the limit point G _u from G _o to S (top, right, .. etc. is logically arranged in mirror image to Fig. 4, 5). A coordinate of the lance position can be geometrically assigned to any other wall point in the combustion chamber. In a preferred embodiment, this is done geometrically using the existing combustion chamber dimensions, for example using a mathematical program.

In an alternative embodiment, characteristic measurements are made using on-site measurements Points of the combustion chamber walls determined, e.g. about the lance position replacing laser beams, which are used when the boiler is at a standstill (of course, the longitudinal and transverse expansion of the Wall areas during boiler operation) or other suitable Measuring devices also in continuous operation.

In an analogous way, geometric or mathematical metrological way blowing paths determined for surface areas to be cleaned and entered into the control of the movement elements. An example for is the blow figure shown in Fig. 3 for cleaning the slag whiskers underneath some smoke evacuation systems R and above a smoke evacuation system. The cleaning program starts at A and ends at E. Die The way of working is such that after programming the associated path-time diagrams, e.g. in the computer or data storage of the block control system, after Enter the appropriate cleaning command for the water lance blower into the Position A moves (Fig. 3) and the path-time program when the water supply is opened the movement elements 8.1-8.3 are traversed to point E. and there closes the water supply again.

6 and 7 show a further embodiment according to the invention shortened, and therefore particularly easy to move water lance blowers with 2 angle arms and control device. In the wall 1 of the heating system hatch 2 is located with bevels on the inside 3 and on the outside 4. In the hatch 2, the movement point 5 of the water lance 6 is permanently installed and as a front swivel bearing for the water lance fixed in the center 6 trained. The lance 6 has fastening points 7.1 at the rear end, 7.2, in which the lance-side ends of the movement elements 8.1, 8.2 are rotatably attached. The rear end of the movement elements 8.1, 8.2 is rotatably integrated in the fixed bearings 9.1, 9.2. The water ingress the lance 6 takes place via a connection 10 and a water supply 11 in Form of a pressure-resistant flexible hose. The movement elements are on attached to a frame so that the water lance blower can be easily mounted can be. Depending on the type of installation, the frame can also be omitted.

The lance 6 and the water connection 10 are in a ball container 20th integrated as the calming volume for the water flowing in from the side serves. The movement elements 8.1 and 8.2 are composed of each an upper arm 21.1 u. 21.2 and one adapted to the spherical shape of 20 curved forearm 22.1 u. 22.2; which with turntables 23.1 u. 23.2 are connected.

The turntables have drives 25.1 and 25.2, which are flexible Cable connections 26.1 and 26.2 open into the control cabinet 18. control cabinet 18 and fixed bearings 9.1 and 9.2 are fastened in a frame 27, which is arranged on the wall 1. In this version of the water lance blower can only with a quarter frame and 2 movement elements 8.1 u. 8.2 the overall construction in one area above one side the hatch be attached so that the floor area and the left Page for inspection by a worker 28 is fully available. In particular, existing frame fragments on the Heat system can be used cheaply to a defined position of the water lance blower to achieve.

The extremely short lance 6 has one at its end Ball container 20, which the inflow conditions of the water supply 11 in the ball calms and for a uniform over the cross section of the lance Water supply to the water nozzle ensures. With this arrangement of the movement elements 8.1 u. 8.2, the brackets 7.1 u. 7.2 with the little one The leverage ratios are low and the stability of the lance guide sufficient with 2 movement elements. Despite the small dimensions with the lever system bent outwards, the spatial arrangement of the Drives 25.1 u. 25.2 and the control cabinet within the frame 27 possible. The spatial minimization results in special spatial minimizations Distances between the movement point 5 as the fulcrum and the brackets 7.1 and 7.2 with the then small control movements of the arms 8.1, 8.2 and cable connections 26.1, 26.2.

With further training, stability problems of the lance guidance With only 2 length-controlled movement elements by additional 1-2 non-controlled Movement elements loaded on train, e.g. as ropes with Run counterweight over rollers (see also Fig. 10 and 11: Item 8.2, 9.2, 29) fixed. The procedure is as in the 1st example for Fig. 1-4 described.

8 and 9 show another embodiment for the training and the drive of a shortened water lance blower with 3 symmetrical arranged angle arms as movement elements. In the wall 1 of the heating system, hatch 2 is located with offsets on the inside 3 and outside 4. In the hatch 2, the movement point 5 is permanently installed and as a front swivel bearing for the water lance fixed in the center 6 trained. The lance 6 has fastening points 7.1 at the rear end, 7.2, 7.3, in which the lance-side ends of the movement elements 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 are rotatably attached. The rear ends of the moving elements 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 are rotatably integrated in the fixed bearings 9.1, 9.2, 9.3. The water enters the lance 6 via a connection 10 and a water supply 11 in the form of a pressure-resistant flexible hose. The Movement elements 8.1-8.3 consist of one upper arm each 21.1-21.3, forearm 22.1-22.3 and one turntable 23.1-23.3 each are equipped with angle adjustment devices, not shown. The Water lance 6 ends at the rear end in a 180 ° deflection 24, which connects to a manifold 20. With this solution the Advantage that the kink of the upper arm and forearm construction Attachment points 7.1-7.3 close to the one shown as movement point 5 Pivotal point 0 of the swivel device is still inside the outer offset 4 work and the path lengths from 7.1-7.3 in the work area S and so that the angles of rotation of the turntables 23.1-23.3 are minimized.

This is a further reduction, not shown, of the water lance length 6 but also the reduction of the forearm-upper arm system 22-23-21 possible that the fixed bearing 9.1-9.3 directly on the edge of the outer edge of the outer offset 4 can be attached and the overall structure the hatch dimensions only slightly exceed and the required Movements of the flexible hose of the water supply are further reduced becomes. The work areas are set in the same way as previously described. A change in path is caused by a change in the angle of rotation Δ Alpha Turntables 23.1-23.3 replaced.

10 and 11 show exemplary embodiments for water lance blowers 2 tangentially fastened moving elements and a hydraulic cylinder.

The rope-shaped movement elements 8.1 and 8.3 are with their fixed bearings 9.1 and 9.3 and roll-up devices 42 arranged approximately horizontally, are in contrast to the previous solutions with their brackets 7.1 and 7.3 on the tangential outer wall area of an outer tube 35 Water lance 6 fixed within the offset 4. The movement element 8.2 is a hydraulic cylinder with its fixed bearing 9.2 on the carrier the light grating 15 and on the lance with its attachment point 7.2 arranged in the vicinity of the air supply 38. Air 38 and Water 11 - Connection are axially backwards with curvatures in common upwards running one direction. The air supply not only serves as a barrier and Purge air, but also due to its guidance as a cooling medium.

• kleine Wege der Bewegungselemente 8.1 und 8.3, damit nur geringe Drehwinkel der Rollen 42.
• verbesserte Kraftwirkung durch tangentiale Halterung 7.1 und 7.3 insbesondere bei großem Durchmesser des Außenrohres 35 bei Luftkühlung (Luftzufuhr).
• vereinfachte mit Schelle 43 verbundene gemeinsame Medienzufuhr Wasser/Luft bei geringstem Raumbedarf.
• sichere Führung trotz Seilzugwirkung 8.1 und 8.3 und durch HydraulikZylinder 8.2.

This arrangement has the following advantages:

• small paths of the movement elements 8.1 and 8.3, so that only small angles of rotation of the rollers 42.
• Improved force effect through tangential brackets 7.1 and 7.3, especially with a large diameter of the outer tube 35 with air cooling (air supply).
• Simplified joint water / air media supply connected with clamp 43 with minimum space requirement.
• safe guidance despite cable pulling effects 8.1 and 8.3 and by hydraulic cylinder 8.2.

The exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 shows schematically like water lance blowers using a protective sleeve with locking and Purge air protected and cooled and e.g. of three rope-like movement elements can be moved. A shortened design of the water lance with Lets near the wall, in particular approximately parallel to the supply of water encapsulate themselves quite well completely with a housing, so that everyone Drive elements can be protected against contamination. Only that Water supply and measuring and control lines must pass through the housing be relocated to the outside. Different flow guides like them can be explained in more detail with the aid of the drawing, so that at the same time cooling, protection against contamination (flushing) and Prevention of uncontrolled gas exchange through the hatch (blocking) can be achieved. To particularly the exit area in front To protect contaminants and aggressive gases, this can be done by the Flushing medium can flow around in the manner of a jacket jet.

In a training course, too on systems according to the status of Technology can be realized, should further improve the here Supply of locking and flushing medium can be achieved. this happens in that the supply of blocking and flushing medium is not constant is set, but is regulated individually for each water lance blower. This can be done with a central supply of several housings Suitable valves take place, as well as with an individual supply by appropriate ones Regulation of the supply units.

Suitable measurement and control variable for the locking function of the medium is in particular the differential pressure between the interior of the heating system and Interior of the housing. If this value is kept constant, then never flow gas from the heating system into the housing and the current of barrier medium in the heating system remains constant at an acceptable level low level.

Suitable measurement and control variable for the rinsing function (or cooling function) of the medium is in particular the temperature at one or more Measuring points in the front area of the water lance or near the Movement point. If this point is kept constant, the varies Amount of cooling medium depending on the operating conditions, however only to the extent absolutely necessary for the rinsing function.

Both regulations can also be used in combination, for example initially the differential pressure is kept constant, but at Switched to a temperature control when a limit temperature is exceeded becomes.

In the wall 1 of the heating system, the hatch 2 is with offsets inside 3 and outside 4. In hatch 2 the point of movement 5 permanently installed and fixed as a front pivot bearing for those in the center attached water lance 6 formed. The lance 6 has at the rear End of attachment points 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, in which the lance-side ends the movement elements 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 are rotatably attached. The back The ends of the movement elements can be rotated into the fixed bearings 9.1, 9.2, 9.3 involved. Water enters lance 6 via a Connection 10 and a water supply 11 in the form of a pressure-resistant flexible Hose. The not shown, not rotatable but flexible bendable brackets 7.1-7.3 hold stable but flexible ropes, which as Movement elements 8.1-8.3 act. The ropes run on the fixed bearings 9.1-9.3 via reels or are wound up / unwound on these reels. At a Another version is at the end of the rope from the movement elements 8.2 a counterweight 29 (shown in dotted lines). Own the roles Actuators 25.1-25.3 with their consoles. The hatch 2 is through one Junction box 30 limited. The outer edge of the junction box is over a housing 31 sealed with the lance 6 and forms an air flow free interior 32. The lance 6 with its nozzle 33 has one at the end Inlet 34. The lance is encased by an outer tube 35. The outer tube has a separating ring 36 which has an air jacket in the front area 37 with air supply 38 and a water deflection 39 in the rear part forms, which opens into the water connection 10.

Barrier and flushing fluid, preferably air, can be drawn from openings 40 Air jacket 37 in the nozzle head of the lance 6 and through openings 41 in flow the interior 32. With this solution, the 3 movement elements 8.1-8.3 only controlled via tensile forces. Twisting forces through the spatial movement of the movement elements are particularly in one Rope compensated, this is with retractor 42 on the fixed bearing 9.3 shown. In another solution, the roller and rope are connected by chain and Sprocket replaced. With this solution, as shown at fixed bearing 9.1, hang the chain freely at the free end.

In a further training a movement element, as here for 8.2 shown in dashed lines, equipped without drive and the necessary tension generated via a roller 9.2 and counterweight 29. With these Solutions can accommodate air and water in a jacket pipe the air and water supply hanging freely, in a vertical position Level are arranged without moving elements in the pivot positions u. Air or water supply obstruct. Through narrow ropes as movement elements that only require small brackets 7.1-7.3, is at max. Inclination of the lance is also sufficient for this Space between housing 31 and lance -Outerrohr35- when the brackets swivel into the outer indentation 4 for structural reasons. In this case the lance can be shortened further.

The outer tube 35 with the final hemisphere as a deflection 39 brings uniform inflow conditions of the water into the lance and despite a short lance, ensures a swirl-free water jet with little fanning out.

Of course, all training courses listed can be any be coupled with each other, in particular this concerns the selection and Combination of the technique of the movement element (s) and their force effect on train and / or pressure and the arrangement of the brackets different distances to the point of movement 5 of the lance, its variation as a ball joint, bracket, ring eyes, joint, universal joint or rigid Connection with flexible transition, the variable choice of different Lengths of the movement elements and variable locations for the fixed bearings. On Another advantage is the possibility of retrofitting individual components such as the movement elements, the short water lance or the displacement sensor with control or the complete water lance blower on a heating system. An advantageous retrofit should as an example of an already known type of water lance blower, such as that in the WO 93/12398 is described below. In a There is a wall, for example in the area of a light grating Hatch with internal and external offset. The water lance articulated there is guided through a ball joint in the hatch. On a frame which is attached to the inner offset of the wall Spindles mounted above and below in a frame, which act as movement elements serve the water lance. The upper spindle is replaced by a Drive rotated with a path change / angle of rotation change system. On the spindles are in turn bearings, which are a vertical movement element in the form of a spindle. This vertical spindle has also a drive with a path change / angle of rotation change system. There is a fastening point for on the vertical spindle the water lance. By connecting the water lance to the ball joint in the hatch and at the attachment point of the vertical movement element the jet direction of the water lance blower can be changed. This water lance blower is now convertible; it becomes one instead of the long water lance shortened, curved built-in, which also has a calming volume in has the shape of a sphere. Furthermore, the water lance blower comes with a housing covered dust and splash proof. The movement elements are provided with displacement transducers, which in turn are connected stand with a controller. The drives of the movement elements are again guided by this control. The spatial shortening of the Water lance blower and its housing cover lead to one Accident-protected accessibility of the light grille. A changeable Drive in connection with the position transducers and the control enables the execution of any blow figures.

Also the choice of the method for controlling the blow figures and their Programming can be arbitrary between the experimental metrological and a mathematical programming solution become. So you can measure or experimentally using the radiation geometry the lance guide extended into the heating system, geometric corner points, e.g. Maximum up / down, right / left etc., determined, these in one mathematical program can be entered and then the others Path points for the blow figure can be calculated.

Another variation has so far been the case with other solutions not realized blowing operation with different web speeds, so that heavily slagged areas are pre-programmed to be blown longer or / and realizes that instead of switching the water supply valves on and off at high speed without interrupting the blowing operation from End point E is moved to the starting point A of the next blow figure (see Fig. 3).

a. Der Wasserlanzenbläser sichert die variable Ausführung beliebiger Blasfiguren und ist nicht vorrangig an die Geometrie der herkömmlichen Bewegungselemente mit um 90° wechselnden waagerechten und/oder senkrechten Bewegungen, Kreis- oder Evolventenbewegungen gekoppelt. Richtung, Umlenkung und Geschwindigkeit kann beliebig variiert und den Reinigungsforderungen individuell angepaßt werden.

b. Es bestehen keine Einschränkungen hinsichtlich der Einbauorte des Wasserlanzenbläser, Verbaute Luken, fehlendes Raumangebot und andere räumliche Hindernisse können durch die Variation der Anordnung und Länge der Bewegungselemente mit individueller Wahl der Festpunkte und Halterungen an der Lanze trotzdem für den Einbau angepaßter Wasserlanzenbläser genutzt werden. Damit kann für die Anordnung der Wasserlanzenbläser in der Wärmeanlage eine optimale Auswahl getroffen und die Anzahl der Wasserlanzenbläser an der Anlage minimiert werden.

c. Materialeinsatz, Platzbedarf und Gewicht des Wasserlanzenbläser werden minimiert. Insbesondere entfallen die in einem stabilen großen Rahmen untergebrachten Lager und Antriebe und die Spindeln, Ketten und Führungen der bisherigen Lösungen. Die Montage wird vereinfacht.

d. Die Materialbeschaffung wird erheblich flexibler, da keine Anforderungen an feststehende Abmessungen von Konstruktionselementen gestellt werden. Das Angebot am Markt für Bewegungselemente-Lösungen, Festlager und Steuerelemente kann beliebig genutzt werden.

e. Bei Defekten können konstruktive Abweichungen bei Ersatz von Bauelementen zugelassen werden, wenn die Einstellung der Blasfiguren angepaßt wird.

f. Die Abmessungen der Wasserlanzenbläser, insbesondere nach hinten und zur Seite, wird verringert. Damit ist die Begehung und der Einbau auch an schmalen Bühnen möglich.

g. Die Wasserzufuhrung wird vereinfacht und weniger störanfällig durch geringere Schwenkwege und Wegfall von Krümmungen.

As a result, the invention has the following advantages:

a. The water lance blower ensures the variable execution of any blow figures and is not primarily linked to the geometry of the conventional movement elements with horizontal and / or vertical movements, circular or involute movements changing by 90 °. Direction, deflection and speed can be varied as required and individually adapted to the cleaning requirements.

b. There are no restrictions regarding the installation locations of the water lance blower, built-in hatches, lack of space and other spatial obstacles can still be used for the installation of adapted water lance blowers by varying the arrangement and length of the movement elements with individual choice of fixed points and brackets on the lance. This means that an optimal selection can be made for the arrangement of the water lance blowers in the heating system and the number of water lance blowers on the system can be minimized.

c. Material usage, space requirements and weight of the water lance blower are minimized. In particular, the bearings and drives housed in a stable, large frame and the spindles, chains and guides of the previous solutions are no longer required. The assembly is simplified.

d. Material procurement becomes considerably more flexible, since there are no requirements for fixed dimensions of construction elements. The offer on the market for motion element solutions, fixed bearings and control elements can be used as desired.

e. In the event of defects, design deviations when replacing components can be permitted if the setting of the blow figures is adjusted.

f. The dimensions of the water lance blowers, especially to the rear and to the side, are reduced. This means that it can be walked on and installed even on narrow stages.

G. The water supply is simplified and less susceptible to faults due to shorter swivel paths and elimination of bends.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

wall

2

hatch

3

internal overhang

4

external offset

5

Movement point, ball joint

6

water lance

7.1-7.3

Attachment points on the water lance

8.1-8.3

movement elements

9.1-9.3

Attachment points on the heating system

10

mains water supply

11

water supply

12

first carrier

13

steam pipe

14

second carrier

15

Light grid

16, 17

railing

18

Control cabinet, control cabinet

19

Outer skin of the heating system

20

Ball volume, water flow

21.1-21.3

upper arm

22.1-22.3

forearm

23.1-23.3

turntable

24

Deflection, curvature

25.1-25.2

drives

26.1-26.2

cable connections

27

frame

28

worker

29

counterweight

30

junction box

31

casing

32

Housing interior

33

jet

34

enema

35

outer tube

36

separating ring

37

air jacket

38

air supply

39

water diversion

40, 41

openings

42

retractor

43

clamp

44

transducer

45

Control and / or registration means

46

data transmission

ΔAlpha

Rotation angle change

.DELTA.L

path change

A

Beginning

e

The End

S

Workspace

r

right

l

Left

O

above

u

below

X, Y, Z

coordinates

G

border points

B

burner opening

R

Flue gas recycling eye opening

Claims (22)

1. A water lance blower for cleaning a heating installation being in operation and submitted to a flow of flames and/or combustion gases, with wall areas (A-E) and a hatch (2), said water lance blower comprising a water lance (6) with a mouth and a water supply (11), wherein the water lance (6) can be arranged with its mouth on or in the hatch (2), so as to be pivotable horizontally and vertically (5), and wherein water can flow from the water supply (11) to the mouth of the water lance (6), wherein the water lance (6) can blow a water jet through the heating installation onto wall areas (A-E), which can be reached from the hatch, characterized in that the water lance blower is configured in a shortened manner, in that the water lance (6) forms a water deflection (24; 39) in the rear end, which opens out in a water connection (10), wherein the water deflection (24; 39) and/or the water supply (11) have one time or more times in total a deflection about an angle of more than 70° relative to the jet direction of the water lance (6) for guiding the water from near the outer wall of the heating installation.
2. Water lance blower according to claim 1, characterized in that in the end of the water lance (6) being outside the heating installation there is provided an expanded calming volume (20, 39), in particular an approximately spherical volume (20), for the water being supplied.
3. Water lance blower according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the water supply (11) is in the area close to the wall near to the movement point (5) of the water lance (6), in particular being firstly provided with a bend (20) of approximately 90° to 150°, a piece running then parallel to the water'lance (6) but counter to the direction of the flow thereof, and afterwards opening out into the calming volume or the water lance (6) via a bend (24) of 90° to 180°.
4. Water lance blower according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the water supply (11) is approximately parallel to the wall of the heating installation between the movement elements (8.1, 8.2, 8.3) necessary for moving the water lance (6).
5. Water lance blower according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the water lance (6) is movable by means of at least one movement element (8.1, 8.2, 8.3), preferably at least two, which is stationary hinged by one end (9.1, 9.2, 9.3) directly to the heating installation and by another end (7.1, 7.2, 7.3) to the water lance (6), wherein path sensors are provided for precise determination of the position of the water lance (6).
6. Water lance blower according to claim 5, characterized in that the movement element (8.1, 8.2, 8.3) is at least a part of a manipulator arm.
7. Water lance blower according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that a plane is spanned by the ends of the movement elements (8.1, 8.2. 8.3), which plane is off-perpendicular with respect to a vertical plane through the point of movement (5) of the water lance (6) on the heating installation.
8. Water lance blower according to claim 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that at least three movement elements (8.1; 8.2, 8.3) are provided, the fixing points (9.1, 9.2, 9.3) of which are at an angle of preferably 80° to 140° respectively to the movement point (5) of the water lance (6).
9. Water lance blower according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the movement elements (8.1, 8.2. 8.3) themselves comprise path sensors, which measure their precise length and/or angular position with respect to a reference position.
10. Water lance blower according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that at least one additional path sensor arm is provided, which is provided with path sensors for determining the precise position of the water lance (6).
11. Water lance blower according to one of claims 5 to 10, characterized in that the movement elements (8.1, 8.2, 8.3) and the path sensors are connected to a shared electronic control system, which calculates the exact position of the water lance (6) from the measured values of the path sensors and provides control commands to the movement elements (8.1, 8.2, 8.3), wherein in particular certain pre-calculated and/or previously memorized courses of movement of the water lance (6) can be repeated exactly in relation to the path of travel and speed.
12. Water lance blower according to one of claims 5 to 11, characterized in that the movement elements (8.1, 8.2, 8.3) are hydraulic or pneumatic lifting cylinders which are each hinged by one end (9.1, 9.2, 9.3) to the exterior wall of the heating installation and by the other end (7.1, 7.2, 7.3) to the part of the water lance (6) outside the heating installation.
13. Water lance blower according to one of claims 5 to 11, characterized in that the movement elements (8.1, 8.2, 8.3) are spindle drives or rack and pinion drives, which are each hinged by one end (9.1, 9.2. 9.3) to the exterior wall of the heating installation and by the other end (7.1, 7.2, 7.3) to the part of the water lance (6) outside the heating installation.
14. Water lance blower according to one of claims 5 to 13, characterized in that the path sensors are angle and/or length sensors.
15. Water lance blower according to one of claims 5 to 14, characterized in that at least one more path sensor is provided than is necessary for determining the position, in order to increase the precision of the positioning and availability.
16. Water lance blower according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the area of the hatch (2) is sealed by a housing (31) into which a blocking and flushing medium can be admitted.
17. Water lance blower according to claim 16, characterized in that the housing (31) seals the entire mechanism and only the water supply (11), the line for blocking and flushing fluid (38), and the control and measuring lines of the movement elements (8.1, 8.2, 8.3) are lead to the exterior through its wall.
18. Water lance blower according to one of claims 16 or 17, characterized in that its housing (31) is connected individually or in common with a plurality of housings (31) at approximately the same vertical height with a fan for supplying blocking and flushing medium.
19. Water lance blower according to one of claims 16, 17 or 18, characterized in that a differential pressure gauge for measuring and regulating the differential pressure between the interior of the heating installation and the interior (32) of the housing (31) is provided.
20. Water lance blower according to one of claims 16 to 19, characterized in that a temperature sensor is arranged in the area of the movement point (5) of the water lance (6), which serves as the actual value sensor for the amount per unit time of blocking and flushing medium.
21. Water lance blower according to one of claims 16 to 20, characterized in that the guide (37) for the blocking and flushing medium surrounds the actual water lance (6) in the delivery area, so that a type of sheathing stream can be formed around the delivery area (33).
22. Water lance blower according to one of claims 16 to 21, characterized in that the housing for the blocking and flushing medium is partially provided with flexible walls and/or partitions.

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