Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
  • D04H3/002—Inorganic yarns or filaments
  • D04H3/004—Glass yarns or filaments
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
  • D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
  • D04H1/4218—Glass fibres
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
  • D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
  • Y10T442/2926—Coated or impregnated inorganic fiber fabric
  • Y10T442/2934—Coating or impregnation contains vinyl polymer or copolymer
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
  • Y10T442/2926—Coated or impregnated inorganic fiber fabric
  • Y10T442/2992—Coated or impregnated glass fiber fabric

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a mat consisting of glass threads and the resulting product.
• mat is meant glass a product formed of glass strands (cut or continuous) whose filaments components remain linked together, thus distinguishing themselves from glass veils formed by the association of dispersed glass filaments.
• the nature of the binder chosen is most often a function of its chemical compatibility with the resin system that the mat should reinforce.
• the binder can be used in the form of powder, suspension, emulsion or solution.
• the liquid with which it is associated is, increasingly more often water to avoid the difficulties that always presents the job organic solvents.
• the application methods are also very varied.
• the deposit of the binder in the form of a dry powder avoids the use of a liquid that will need to be removed later, it is difficult to remove distribute evenly within the mass of the mat.
• the grains of binder sometimes remains in the composite reinforced by the mat, which gives an irregular surface finish.
• the present invention relates to a manufacturing process allowing to obtain a mat of glass strands which has good cohesion and which is easily wetted by resins, in particular by resins in an aqueous medium, especially in aqueous solution, dispersion or suspension or by a mixture based on cement and water.
• the present invention relates to a manufacturing process which allows distribute the binder evenly throughout the thickness of the mat.
• the present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a glass fiber mat which allows continuous recycling of the binder used.
• a manufacturing process which consists in continuously deposit on a sheet of glass threads, distributed on a conveyor in motion, a binder whose viscosity during deposition is less than approximately 40 mPa.s, said binder being formed from an aqueous solution of alcohol (s) polyvinyl (s).
• the polyvinyl alcohol (s) used in the context of the invention preferably have a degree of polymerization of less than about 1,000.
• the binder is deposited on the sheet of glass strands in the form of a liquid tablecloth or curtain of liquid nets which fall transversely over the entire width of said layer of wires.
• the binder thus deposited, and thanks to its relatively low viscosity, penetrates and crosses the entire ply of yarns distributing throughout the volume of said sheet.
• the binder is retained for the essential on a large part of the contact points of the crossing wires.
• the binder is deposited when its temperature is higher than approximately 10 ° C and most generally between 20 and 60 ° C.
• the flow rate of binder thus deposited is in particular a function of the speed of the conveyor and the quantity of glass deposited per square meter on said conveyor. This binder flow rate is determined so as to obtain between approximately 3 and 15% by weight of binder in the dry matter state relative to the weight of glass.
• the binder may be deposited, in part, on the surface of the sheet of yarn, upstream of the area where it is deposited in the form of nets or of a liquid tablecloth.
• the binder can be, for example, sprayed upstream, this which has the effect of compacting the layer of thread slightly and moistening its layer surface, thus promoting the penetration of the binder deposited downstream.
• a fraction of the binder thus deposited completely crosses the sheet of yarns and can be collected under the conveyor.
• One of the advantages of the binder used is that it is stable over time even after being heated to a temperature above about 30 ° C, unlike binders whose composition contains at least one constituent which promotes its crosslinking.
• the binder used in the context of the invention can thus be directly recycled, this which constitutes an economic advantage.
• the layer of wires passes through an oven of in a manner known per se, then possibly in a grille.
• the method according to the invention applies to the glass son mats obtained by all known means, whether continuous or indirect processes.
• the first type of process is used to make masts of continuous glass. It consists, most often, of stretching a multiplicity of filaments from molten glass flowing from the orifices of several dies, combine these filaments at the rate of at least one thread per die and distribute mechanically the wires thus obtained on a conveyor moving below said channels.
• the second type of process is generally used to manufacture the chopped glass strands. It consists in extracting from a multiplicity of continuous wire windings, to cut them simultaneously and to distribute them on a moving conveyor.
• the second type of process can also be used to manufacture continuous yarn mats when the extraction of the yarns from their winding is immediately followed by their distribution on the conveyor.
• the mat used can be reinforced with continuous glass strands arranged longitudinally over at least part of its width. This is particularly the case when the mat is intended to be associated with a cement-based mixture.
• This mat is obtained, for example, by distributing simultaneously over the moving conveyor cut and continuous wires, the latter being extracts from a series of windings.
• the average diameter of the filaments constituting the wires is between approximately 9 and 30 micrometers. when these are chopped strands the length of the said strands is generally greater than 20 millimeters.
• This solution was obtained by dissolution in water brought to 80 ° C of a polyvinyl alcohol characterized by a degree of polymerization of 530 and a hydrolysis rate of 88%.
• This polyvinyl alcohol is sold under the reference F 105 by the Company Lamberti. This solution is poured onto the sheet of wires at a rate schedule of 3 cubic meters. The excess solution is sucked under the conveyor and recycled.
• the layer of wires thus treated then passes into a hot air oven at the interior of which it is subjected to a temperature of the order of 200 ° C. for about 50 seconds.
• the layer of wires is calendered and cooled before being wound on a rotary mandrel.
• the mat obtained has a binder content of 8% and has a mass area of 250 grams per square meter. Its cohesion is good as the shows its tensile strength which, measured according to ISO 3342 method, is on average 40 decanewtons. In comparison, a mat that has the same characteristics, but the binder rate is 4.5%, this binder being plasticized polyvinyl acetate, has a tensile strength, measured by the same method, less than 20 decanewtons.
• the binder used in the present invention also offers the advantage to be partially dissolved in the presence of water.
• the following test allows you to note: a series of samples of 100 x 125 millimeters are cut in the mat whose manufacturing process has been described previously. These samples are immersed in water at 20 ° C and subjected to a load of 100 grams. Partial elimination of the binder in water and the effect of the filler cause the mat to tear in two parts after an average time of 25 seconds. This time is very short for this kind of test. Indeed, the tearing of the mat bound with plasticized polyvinyl acetate, cited previously, intervenes, under the same conditions, only after a average time greater than 5 minutes.
• Cement sheets are made using on the one hand a mixture based on cement and cut glass yarns called premix, other part of mast according to the invention or, for comparison, of a known mast.
• the mat according to the invention has a surface mass of 120 grams per square meter, it consists of cut wires 50 millimeters in length, including the title is 38 tex and which consist of a multiplicity of filaments of a average diameter of 14 micrometers. Its binder rate is 10%.
• the mat used for comparison has the same characteristics, apart from the binder rate, which is 4.5% and the binder itself, which is plasticized polyvinyl acetate.
• the glass used to obtain these mats is an alkali-resistant glass marketed under the CEMFIL brand.
• a first layer of mat is deposited at the bottom of a mold and covered with a layer of premix uniformly distributed by subjecting said mold to vibrations.
• a second mat layer identical to the first is deposited on the premix, then applied against the premix using a roller to impregnate.
• the plate thus formed is maintained for 24 hours in the mold, then stored in an enclosure maintained at 20 ° C in a atmosphere at 50% relative humidity.
• MOR, LOP and EPS respectively denote the module of rupture, the limit of proportionality or elasticity and the deformation at the rupture during the bending test.
• the percentage of reinforcement in the premix is 2% by weight per compared to the composite for the two kinds of plates, the percentage of reinforcement due to the mat itself being 1.4% for the plate reinforced by the mat according to the invention and for the plate reinforced with known mat.
• association with resins in an aqueous medium can also be carried out by all means known to those skilled in the art.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
• Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
• Surface Treatment Of Glass Fibres Or Filaments (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Paper (AREA)
• Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
• Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
• Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
• Glass Compositions (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=9485698

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (20)

Families Citing this family (12)

Family Cites Families (4)

• 1995
  • 1995-12-12 FR FR9515113A patent/FR2742172B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1996
  • 1996-12-09 IN IN2119CA1996 patent/IN191056B/en unknown
  • 1996-12-12 KR KR1019970705455A patent/KR100410713B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1996-12-12 RU RU97115106/12A patent/RU2171322C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1996-12-12 ES ES96942392T patent/ES2191780T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1996-12-12 AT AT96942392T patent/ATE232247T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1996-12-12 CA CA002212921A patent/CA2212921C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1996-12-12 EP EP96942392A patent/EP0819189B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1996-12-12 PL PL96321732A patent/PL186513B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1996-12-12 DE DE69626106T patent/DE69626106D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1996-12-12 CN CN96193072A patent/CN1083028C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1996-12-12 WO PCT/FR1996/001988 patent/WO1997021861A2/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 1996-12-12 BR BR9607736-0A patent/BR9607736A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1996-12-12 SK SK1074-97A patent/SK284976B6/sk not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1996-12-12 JP JP9521808A patent/JPH11500795A/ja not_active Ceased
  • 1996-12-12 CZ CZ0248897A patent/CZ297438B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1996-12-12 US US08/875,924 patent/US6034006A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1996-12-12 AR ARP960105630A patent/AR005045A1/es active IP Right Grant
• 1997
  • 1997-01-22 TW TW086100679A patent/TW340833B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1997-08-11 NO NO973682A patent/NO973682L/no not_active Application Discontinuation

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