EP0817907B1 - Moteur thermique fonctionnant selon le principe de sterling - Google Patents

Moteur thermique fonctionnant selon le principe de sterling Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0817907B1
EP0817907B1 EP96909137A EP96909137A EP0817907B1 EP 0817907 B1 EP0817907 B1 EP 0817907B1 EP 96909137 A EP96909137 A EP 96909137A EP 96909137 A EP96909137 A EP 96909137A EP 0817907 B1 EP0817907 B1 EP 0817907B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat
working gas
zeolite
engine
accumulator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96909137A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0817907A1 (fr
Inventor
Günter Pöschl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PPV Verwaltungs AG
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PPV Verwaltungs AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by PPV Verwaltungs AG filed Critical PPV Verwaltungs AG
Publication of EP0817907A1 publication Critical patent/EP0817907A1/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F02G1/053—Component parts or details
    • F02G1/055—Heaters or coolers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat engine in the preamble of claim 1 specified Art.
  • Stirling engines are e.g. from Meyers Lexicon dertechnik and the Exact Natural Sciences, Cisco Kleinmotoren GmbH, Sindelfingen. The latter is at the innovation fair from March 9th to 11th, 1995 in Fellbach has been distributed in the Schwabenlandhalle.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a heat engine in To form the preamble of claim 1 specified type so that this has a significantly improved heat balance and moreover with substantially lower temperatures and pressures of the Working gas gets along.
  • the heat engine according to the invention is both a high temperature generating heater as well as the only one Coolers generating heat loss each by means of a zeolite heat accumulator been replaced.
  • Zeolite has the advantage that he the working gas supplied to him, which at the Heat engine according to the invention by the working gas expansion machine is released as heated exhaust gas, absorbed.
  • the zeolite builds the working gas into its molecular lattice a, with a strongly exothermic reaction of the zeolite is triggered at which the working gas supplied to him is heated. In other words, the working gas is released in a state as if it were hypothermic, even though it is heated. Therefore, the pressure in the zeolite heat accumulator also drops very strongly.
  • the two zeolite heat storage alternately, during the a heated working gas as a drive for the working gas expansion machine supplies, the other stores working gas, cooling it down, and vice versa.
  • the waste heat off the working gas expansion machine is via the heat transfer medium used to remove the working gas from the heat storage to expel that previously when it was stored in the heat store Had received warmth. In this respect, it becomes a thermal balance a perfect cycle achieved, which none after Stirling principle working heat engine in the state of the Technology.
  • a low-boiling gas is preferably used as the working gas.
  • This has the advantage that the drive means can have a low temperature in the state in which it is supposed to do work.
  • CO 2 has proven to be particularly suitable. CO 2 leads to a particularly violent exothermic reaction in the zeolite heat accumulator which adsorbs the working gas, which has the consequence that the working gas is cooled down particularly well. In general, a large temperature difference between the warm and cold side of the heat engine is advantageous.
  • This advantage can be used with CO 2 as a working gas. This is made possible by a so-called "thermal hole" in the storage capacity of zeolite.
  • This property enables zeolite to adsorb a much larger amount of gas than its own volume.
  • the zeolite reduces the Braun movement of the working gas (as in a compression or supercooling process), which enables the heat accumulator to absorb a much larger amount of working gas than it does with normal pressure and could otherwise record temperature conditions without zeolite.
  • the heat engine additionally with heat using a burner, e.g. a heating burner, and / or a solar system , it can be used for combined heat and power be used in a combined heat and power plant.
  • a burner e.g. a heating burner, and / or a solar system
  • the additional heat is added to the Feed heat transfer medium in the heat transfer circuit. This will then not only work with the waste heat from the heat engine, but also with the waste heat from a burner or heat generated by solar panels.
  • Fig. 1 has one according to the Stirling principle working heat engine 10 a working gas cycle 12 and a heat transfer circuit 14, both with a working gas expansion machine 11 are connected.
  • the working gas cycle 12 contains two heat exchangers, each consisting of one Zeolite heat storage 16 and 18 exist.
  • the heat transfer circuit 14 has two parallel line branches 20, 22 through the heat accumulators 16 and 18 pass through and before and after are connected to a common line 24 or 26.
  • the common line 24 leads from a heat transfer medium output 28 of the working gas expansion machine 11 to the heat stores 16, 18, and the common line 26 leads to a heat transfer inlet 30 of the working gas expansion machine 11.
  • a third heat exchanger 32 arranged together with a pump 34 for circulation of the heat transfer medium in the heat transfer circuit 14. With the heat transfer medium it is in the embodiment described here for water.
  • a solenoid valve 36 or 38 arranged, with which the flow of the heat carrier in the concerned Shut off the line.
  • the bottom in Fig. 1 in the heat accumulator 16 entering part 20a of line 20 leads in a tubular heat exchanger arranged in the heat accumulator 16, its output, in turn, as shown, with the further one Part 20b of the line 20 is connected.
  • An interior 17, 19 in the heat accumulators 16 and 18, which are not from the tubular heat exchanger of the heat transfer circuit 14 is taken with Zeolite filled.
  • the working gas circuit 12 leads from an outlet 42 of the working gas expansion machine 11 to two input lines 44 and 46 of the heat accumulator 16 and 18 and, as shown, of these Input lines 44, 46 continue to a common Output line 48, which has a buffer space 50 and another Line 52 to an input 54 of the working gas expansion machine 11 leads.
  • a pump 56 is also in line 48 arranged.
  • a solenoid valve 58 and 60 is arranged in line 12 leading to lines 44, 46 arranged.
  • a solenoid valve 62 and 64 is arranged in the lines leading away from the input lines 44, 46 and open into the common line 48. After all, in the of a line 52 leading the buffer space 50 a solenoid valve 66 arranged.
  • solenoid valves 58 to 66 serve also as shut-off valves, which alternately connect the line 12 with the line 44 or 46 or interrupt, and vice versa. With the solenoid valve 66 can shut off the exit of the buffer space 50 until in the buffer space a sufficiently large pressure has been built up.
  • Working gas expansion machine 11 may be a conventional one Be Stirling engine, as he from the aforementioned state is known in the art, with the difference essential to the invention, that to improve the thermal energy balance of such Stirling engine the two usual in the prior art Heat exchanger in the form of a heater and a cooler as Zeolite heat accumulators 16, 18 are formed which are connected minimize any heat loss with the heat transfer circuit and in particular do not involve any heat loss.
  • the heat engine 10 operates as follows:
  • the working gas expansion machine 11 is, as usual, a periodically operating piston engine, which uses a working gas which is alternately strongly heated and cooled and which is pushed back and forth by two pistons (not shown), preferably CO 2 in the present case, and converts the supplied thermal energy into mechanical energy to drive an electrical generator 68, as indicated in FIG. 1.
  • the heat required which is generated in the prior art by the combustion of any fuel in a combustion chamber outside the cylinder (not shown) of the working gas expansion machine 11 and is transferred to the working gas in the cylinder by a special heater, is only as in the heat engine 10 described here supplied latent heat, which is required to start the heat engine.
  • the generator 68 is operated as a motor, which drives the working gas expansion machine 11, which now works as a heat pump, and emits CO 2 to one or the other heat accumulator 16, 18.
  • the CO 2 is stored in this heat storage in an exothermic reaction by adsorption in the zeolite, as described above. If both heat stores are filled, the Stirling process can start. Heat losses in the heat engine that cannot be avoided are compensated for by latent heat from the environment. Additional heat energy that is required, for example because energy is drawn from the generator 68, can be supplied to the heat engine via the heat exchanger 32, for example from the surrounding air, by additional solar radiation, by heating the heat exchanger 32 by means of a burner, etc.
  • the heat engine described here manages with a working gas temperature of about 60 ° C, with a delta P (pressure difference) between the inlet 30 of the working gas expansion machine and the Inputs of the heat accumulator (lines 44 and 46), in which a pressure of 10 bar is reached in the buffer space 50. This is explained in more detail below.
  • the solenoid valve 36 in addition to that Solenoid valve 38 opened so that the heat transfer medium previously in the adsorption phase has been heated in the heat accumulator 16 is now passed through the heat accumulator 18, to add the heat required for the desorption process deliver.
  • the pump 56 can be switched on if necessary.
  • the working gas that is made is driven out of the heat accumulator 18, heated sufficiently strongly, um as a driving means in the working gas expansion machine 11 to be able to do work.
  • the other heat accumulator 16 at least temporarily also flows through heat transfer medium, because in the heat accumulator 18 additionally requires heat for the desorption becomes.
  • the desorption process initially runs without additional heat supply from the heat accumulator 16 in the heat accumulator 18 because the zeolite is still in the heat storage 18 has stored sufficient heat. If this after a certain Time has decreased so far that the desorption process could no longer take place, the solenoid valve 36 opened so that now heated heat transfer medium from the heat storage 16 are passed through the heat accumulator 18 can.
  • the solenoid valves specified above are controlled by a changeover control 67.
  • the changeover control 67 is preferably a freely programmable one Computer control that the heat engine 10 controls over measured data. These measured data include especially the different temperatures and pressures that detected by temperature or pressure sensors, not shown become.
  • the solenoid valves are connected via lines shown in dashed lines operated by the switch controller 67.
  • Fig. 2 shows the use of the heat engine described above 10 in a combined heat and power plant.
  • the heat engine 10 is additional according to FIG. 2 Heat by means of a fuel operated with a fuel 73 such as oil or gas Heating burner 74 and / or a solar system 76 supplied.
  • the generator 68 is connected to the network coupling 70 public network N connectable if excess electrical Energy is to be delivered to the grid.
  • the heating burner 74 can be an oil or gas burner.
  • His exhaust 71 should be one Do not exceed the temperature of 200 ° C, because in the described here Heat engine otherwise high pressures arise would endanger the zeolite in the heat stores 16, 18 could.
  • the heating burner 74 also supplies a hot water circuit 75 with heat, for example for heating the building by the combined heat and power plant. 15 with a heating circuit is designated, which receives its heat from the heat transfer circuit 14.
  • the working gas used in the working circuit 12 is CO 2 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Gloves (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Moteur thermique (10) travaillant selon le principe de Stirling, comprenant un circuit de gaz de travail (12) dans lequel le gaz de travail faisant office de fluide d'entraínement est fortement chauffé dans un premier échangeur de chaleur, pour pouvoir effectuer un travail, et avec un circuit caloporteur (14), comportant un deuxième échangeur de chaleur dans lequel le gaz de travail est refroidi après l'exécution du travail, le premier et le deuxième échangeurs de chaleur étant chacun réalisés sous la forme d'accumulateurs de chaleur à zéolithe (16, 18), caractérisé en ce que le gaz de travail d'une machine d'expansion de gaz de travail (11) est alternativement amené aux, ou prélevé des accumulateurs de chaleur à zéolithe (16, 18), au moyen d'une commande de commutation (67), et en ce que les accumulateurs de chaleur à zéolithe (16, 18) peuvent être mis en relation de transfert thermique avec le circuit caloporteur (14) au moyen d'un circuit de commutation (67).
  2. Moteur thermique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le gaz de travail est un gaz à bas point d'ébullition.
  3. Moteur thermique selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le gaz de travail est du CO2.
  4. Moteur thermique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'on lui fournit, en plus, de la chaleur, au moyen d'un brûleur (74) et/ou au moyen d'une installation solaire (76).
EP96909137A 1995-03-27 1996-03-27 Moteur thermique fonctionnant selon le principe de sterling Expired - Lifetime EP0817907B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19511215 1995-03-27
DE19511215A DE19511215A1 (de) 1995-03-27 1995-03-27 Nach dem Stirling-Prinzip arbeitende Wärmekraftmaschine
PCT/EP1996/001351 WO1996030638A1 (fr) 1995-03-27 1996-03-27 Moteur thermique fonctionnant selon le principe de sterling

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0817907A1 EP0817907A1 (fr) 1998-01-14
EP0817907B1 true EP0817907B1 (fr) 1999-06-09

Family

ID=7757886

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96909137A Expired - Lifetime EP0817907B1 (fr) 1995-03-27 1996-03-27 Moteur thermique fonctionnant selon le principe de sterling

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0817907B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH11502583A (fr)
KR (1) KR19980703351A (fr)
AT (1) ATE181140T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU5274896A (fr)
DE (2) DE19511215A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2131987C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1996030638A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19816021C2 (de) * 1998-04-09 2000-10-26 Deutsch Zentr Luft & Raumfahrt Kälteanlage
DE19826372A1 (de) * 1998-06-12 1999-12-16 Franz Schoenmetzler Autarkes Energieaggregat für kleinere und mittlere Einfamilienhäuser
CA2716776A1 (fr) * 2008-03-14 2009-09-17 Energy Compression Llc Stockage d'energie a air comprime ameliore par adsorption
MD679Z (ro) * 2013-03-01 2014-04-30 ИНСТИТУТ ЭЛЕКТРОННОЙ ИНЖЕНЕРИИ И НАНОТЕХНОЛОГИЙ "D. Ghitu" АНМ Maşină termică în baza ciclului Stirling
MD658Z (ro) * 2013-03-15 2014-02-28 ИНСТИТУТ ЭЛЕКТРОННОЙ ИНЖЕНЕРИИ И НАНОТЕХНОЛОГИЙ "D. Ghitu" АНМ Răcitor pentru maşina termică cu ciclul Stirling
CN113090480A (zh) * 2021-04-29 2021-07-09 姜铁华 一种太阳能集热液体介质储能驱动斯特林发动机发电系统

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE417448B (sv) * 1979-06-19 1981-03-16 Cmc Ab Modul for uppbyggnad av en dubbelverkande, fyrcylindrig stirling-motor
US4702903A (en) * 1983-10-03 1987-10-27 Keefer Bowie Method and apparatus for gas separation and synthesis
US4651527A (en) * 1986-05-23 1987-03-24 Alger Donald L Process and apparatus for reducing the loss of hydrogen from Stirling engines
JP2706828B2 (ja) * 1989-11-01 1998-01-28 株式会社日立製作所 冷凍機
US5161382A (en) * 1991-05-24 1992-11-10 Marin Tek, Inc. Combined cryosorption/auto-refrigerating cascade low temperature system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19511215A1 (de) 1996-10-02
ATE181140T1 (de) 1999-06-15
EP0817907A1 (fr) 1998-01-14
DE59602171D1 (de) 1999-07-15
RU2131987C1 (ru) 1999-06-20
AU5274896A (en) 1996-10-16
JPH11502583A (ja) 1999-03-02
WO1996030638A1 (fr) 1996-10-03
KR19980703351A (ko) 1998-10-15

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