EP0816793A1 - Persönliche Schutzauskleidung für die Infanterie - Google Patents

Persönliche Schutzauskleidung für die Infanterie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0816793A1
EP0816793A1 EP97401469A EP97401469A EP0816793A1 EP 0816793 A1 EP0816793 A1 EP 0816793A1 EP 97401469 A EP97401469 A EP 97401469A EP 97401469 A EP97401469 A EP 97401469A EP 0816793 A1 EP0816793 A1 EP 0816793A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
radar
thickness
coating
infrared
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97401469A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0816793B1 (de
Inventor
François Micheron
Gérard Berginc
Frank Normand
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thomson CSF SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson CSF SA filed Critical Thomson CSF SA
Publication of EP0816793A1 publication Critical patent/EP0816793A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0816793B1 publication Critical patent/EP0816793B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H1/00—Personal protection gear
    • F41H1/02—Armoured or projectile- or missile-resistant garments; Composite protection fabrics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H3/00—Camouflage, i.e. means or methods for concealment or disguise
    • F41H3/02—Flexible, e.g. fabric covers, e.g. screens, nets characterised by their material or structure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S2/00—Apparel
    • Y10S2/90—Camouflaged

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a coating for personal protection of an infantryman, compatible with the protection against the fragments and allowing a reduction of the radar and infrared signature of the infantryman.
  • the field of application of the present invention relates to coverings for the personal protection of infantrymen in operation on a battlefield.
  • the two protected areas of the human body are the head by the helmet, and the trunk by a vest.
  • Regarding the reduction of the signature in the visible frequency domain it is mainly based on a multicolored traditional type. This variegation can have a two-dimensional appearance on a fabric, or three-dimensional on a camouflage net.
  • the type of radar threat considered in the present invention is a double threat: a first threat emanating from a surveillance radar battlefield typically operating around 10 GHz, and a second threat from a working target designation radar typically in the band 36 to 37 GHz.
  • These two types of speed cameras have a range of the order of 10 to 20 km.
  • the range of the first is about 7 km for one person, and about 15 km for one vehicle.
  • the second type of speed camera it is more specifically used for vehicle designation, but nevertheless poses a real threat to the infantrymen.
  • the invention aims to overcome the aforementioned drawback.
  • the thickness and resistivity of the resistive layer as well as the thickness and the electromagnetic properties of the dielectric layer being adapted to optimize the destructive interaction between reflections and transmissions multiples created at the interfaces of each layer of the coating, so that the latter appears globally towards the outside as a absorbent material for the frequency bands considered.
  • the coating according to the invention is in particular optimized for radar frequency bands X and Ka, as well as in bands II and III of infrared.
  • the present invention has the advantage of providing a structure for infantryman coating compatible with military use, i.e. waterproof, flexible, resistant, allowing a reduction of the radar signature and infrared, while remaining compatible with splinter protection shells, mines, etc.
  • This structure can also be used to cover a helmet than for a garment, the only difference between the two applications being the overall flexibility of the two structures; flexible structure for clothing and rigid structure for the helmet.
  • the radar threat considered is a surveillance radar type battlefield surveillance coupled to a target designation radar.
  • the infrared threat considered concerns the infrared bands II and III corresponding respectively to wavelengths 3 to 5 ⁇ m and 8 to 12 ⁇ m.
  • Infrared discretion given the passive nature of the coating, is mainly based on a very efficient heat shield minimizing any heat transfer in one direction as in the other, and on an adjustment of the emissivity of the coating relative to that of the environment.
  • the thermal screen thus produced makes it possible to avoid heat transfer on the outside, a key factor for infrared detection, but it allows also to avoid heat transfer to the interior, which in the case of a infantryman, reduces internal heating which is a factor of comfort important for an infantryman.
  • Visible discretion is based on the surface pattern exterior of the covering or on the use of a variegated net giving the whole a three-dimensional effect.
  • Radar discretion is mainly obtained by absorption of the energy of electromagnetic waves received by the coating.
  • the diffusion phenomenon created by the net used for visible discretion can possibly be used to further improve the performance level.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a cross-sectional diagram of a coating according to the invention.
  • the coating according to the invention is formed by a stack of four successive layers 1 to 4.
  • the definition of each of these layers given below by way of nonlimiting example, represents an optimal solution for the reduction of the radar signature in the frequency bands considered.
  • each of these layers 1 to 4 is given below starting from the outermost layer 1 of the coating.
  • the first layer 1 has several functions: it constitutes a screen against the weather and is formed for example of an impermeable film and resistant, thin, about 150 ⁇ m.
  • This layer 1 can be by example a PVC film, English abbreviation for "PolyVinyle Chlorid”.
  • This screen also allows the reduction of the infrared and visible signature, because this first layer 1, which is the outermost layer, is covered a bidimensional or three-dimensional variation in emissivity close to 1 for the infrared frequency bands considered.
  • the non-negligible thickness of the coating according to the invention ensures excellent properties ensuring thermal insulation between the body and the outside of the coating. This condition is mandatory for any reduction structure of passive infrared signature.
  • Layer 2 is a resistive layer. Its role is to create the best compromise between reflections and multiple transmissions created at the interfaces of each of the layers 1 to 4 of the coating to ensure the best possible destructive interaction when the coating receives a wave electromagnetic.
  • this layer 2 are suitable for optimize destructive interactions so that the coating according to the invention generally appears as an absorbent material for the strips of frequencies considered.
  • the thickness of layer 2 is approximately 200 ⁇ m. Its conductivity and its thickness are adapted so that the reverse of their product, which represents a surface resistance, ie close to 330 ⁇ .
  • this resistive layer is made of textile fiber loaded with carbon.
  • Layer 3 is a layer of substantially dielectric material rigid, having a thickness and mechanical properties allowing also to ensure the protection of the infantryman against shrapnel and bullets, like for example an aramid, a polycarbonate, etc ...
  • Layer 4 is a reflective layer of electrical conductivity tending towards infinity, generally greater than or equal to 10 4 ⁇ -1 .m -1 , which corresponds to a surface resistance of between approximately a few ohms and ten ohms as a function of the thickness of layer 4. It defines the reference reflective plane of the coating according to the invention. It consists for example of an aluminum film with a thickness of approximately 50 ⁇ m.
  • the distance between this reference plane and the rest of the coating that is to say the stacking of the different layers 1 to 4 described above, is determined and fixed in order to achieve the desired optimization.
  • the coating according to the invention is compatible with protection against splinters.
  • Either the structure providing protection against splinters fits into the definition of the radar absorbing screen at layer 3 formed by the dielectric material, or it does not fit into the definition of the radar screen and in this case, it is placed behind the reflective plane formed by layer 4 which is the innermost layer of the coating.
  • Layers Layer characteristics 1 2.85 permittivity waterproof dielectric material for the real part, thickness 150 ⁇ m (for example a PVC film) 2 Material with a surface resistance of approximately 330 ⁇ equal to the inverse of the product of electrical conductivity and thickness (for example 200 ⁇ m in thickness and 15 ⁇ -1 .m -1 ) (for example carbon-laden polyamide fabric) 3 Dielectric permittivity of 3.2 and thickness 3.4 mm (e.g. aramid fabric) 4 Electrical conductivity which can be considered as infinite about 10 4 ⁇ -1 .m -1 , and of thickness at least equal to a few microns (for example aluminum film)
  • Figures 2 and 3 illustrate the evolution of the reflection coefficient specular in power in dB, for the coating according to the invention such as defined above, for three angles of incidence, 0 °, 30 ° and 60 °, respectively, for the HH and VV polarizations; HH and VV meaning horizontal-horizontal polarization and polarization respectively vertical-vertical of the electromagnetic wave.
  • the first term corresponds to the polarization of the incident wave, and the second term to that of the wave thoughtful. The calculation is based on the conditions of passage through a diopter.
  • the values of the specular reflection coefficient in dB for the three angles of incidence 0, 30 and 60 °, for the two polarizations HH and VV, and for the frequencies 10 GHz and 36.5 GHz which corresponds to the mean value of the bandwidth of the target designation radar, are shown in the following table 2: HH polarization VV polarization Angle of incidence 10 GHz 36.5 GHz 10 GHz 36.5 GHz 0 ° -13 -20 -13 -20 30 ° -11 -20 -13 -20 60 ° -6 -6 -8 -7
  • the incidence values are only given as an indication because, in such an application where the shape of the target is simple, only the value in normal incidence is actually representative of signature reduction target radar.
  • the following table 3 illustrates the range of values in which the given characteristics can vary while allowing a value of the specular reflection coefficient in normal incidence of -10dB for the two radar bands considered, 10 and 36-37 Ghz, for a surface resistance of around 330n for layer 2.
  • a typical average thickness of a coating according to the invention is less than or equal to about 4 mm.
  • the increase in mass of the coating linked to the properties of the reduction of SER, abbreviation for Surface Radar equivalent, is negligible compared to the mass of the base coating because a minimum initial mass is required for protection against splinters.
  • a gain in mass can be obtained, for example replacing the aramid constituting the material of layer 3 with a textile less dense, for example PVC; however, in this case, protection against splinters are no longer insured.
  • a coating according to the invention can be applied to the production of a combat protecting the infantryman against the fragments and other projectiles.
  • Figure 4 illustrates an infantryman 5 wearing combat gear produced from a coating according to the invention.
  • the third dielectric layer 3 of the coating according to the invention covering the helmet 6 and forming the vest 7 of the holding of combat is carried out in a material of the aramid type, polycarbonate, etc ...
  • This dielectric layer can either be attached to the helmet or be part integral with the helmet.
  • the protection zones provided by the vest can extend spilling over the limbs without hampering the movements of the infantryman in operation.
  • the third dielectric layer 3 of the coating covering the lower limbs 8 and upper limbs 9, is made of a material softer dielectric, such as a fabric, whose dielectric properties are close to those of aramid.
  • the combat suit can also be equipped with a ventilation by natural or forced convection.
  • the helmet 6 covered with a coating according to the invention can be further provided with a transparent visor 10 for the frequencies of the domain visible, wearing anti-laser filters, reflective for wavelengths in the infrared and treated to minimize the radar equivalent surface.
  • the helmet 6 is also shaped to present facets prohibiting specular reflections in radar incidence directions.
  • the entire combat suit can be returned impermeable to toxic products used on the battlefield. It's at first external layer 1 which is assigned this role.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
EP97401469A 1996-06-28 1997-06-24 Persönliche Schutzauskleidung für die Infanterie Expired - Lifetime EP0816793B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9608080A FR2750487B1 (fr) 1996-06-28 1996-06-28 Revetement pour la protection personnelle d'un fantassin
FR9608080 1996-06-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0816793A1 true EP0816793A1 (de) 1998-01-07
EP0816793B1 EP0816793B1 (de) 2001-08-22

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97401469A Expired - Lifetime EP0816793B1 (de) 1996-06-28 1997-06-24 Persönliche Schutzauskleidung für die Infanterie

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5950237A (de)
EP (1) EP0816793B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69706243T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2750487B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (18)

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DE19952521A1 (de) * 1999-10-30 2001-05-03 Texplorer Gmbh Atmungsfähiges Material für Schutzbekleidung
US6266824B1 (en) * 2000-07-13 2001-07-31 Carlo Giansanti Head shield
DE10162461B4 (de) * 2001-12-19 2005-12-29 Fauner, Gerhard, Prof. Dr. Beschusshemmender Liner mit Abschirm- bzw. Ablenkwirkung gegen elektromagnetische Strahlung
DE10240802A1 (de) * 2002-08-30 2004-04-15 W.L. Gore & Associates Gmbh IR reflektierendes Material
GB0317363D0 (en) * 2003-07-24 2003-08-27 Omnova Wallcovering Uk Ltd Camouflage covering
CA2547821A1 (en) * 2003-12-15 2005-06-30 Nv Bekaert Sa Ballistic resistant pad with metal cord
US7921757B1 (en) 2009-02-03 2011-04-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Body armor with electrical power supply
US8228584B2 (en) * 2009-02-24 2012-07-24 Ecole Normale Superieure De Lyon Passive optical limiter having nonlinear material
FR2945348B1 (fr) 2009-05-07 2011-05-13 Thales Sa Procede d'identification d'une scene a partir d'images polarisees multi longueurs d'onde
WO2014063008A1 (en) * 2012-10-18 2014-04-24 Alberth Jr William P Radio frequency shielded clothing
US10156427B2 (en) 2014-12-11 2018-12-18 Stanislaw Litwin Multi-spectral camouflage device and method
EP3416511B1 (de) * 2016-02-17 2022-03-30 The Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University Infrarot-transparente poröse polymertextilie zum kühlen und erwärmen des menschlichen körpers
CN107314708B (zh) * 2017-07-12 2018-09-11 上海工程技术大学 一种电磁屏蔽防弹衣
CZ201837A3 (cs) * 2018-01-24 2019-07-31 Czech Defense S.R.O. Kompozitní materiál
CN109334178A (zh) * 2018-11-29 2019-02-15 航天科工武汉磁电有限责任公司 一种红外雷达吸波复合层、红外雷达吸波织物及制备方法
US11455883B2 (en) 2020-06-03 2022-09-27 William P. Alberth, Jr. Method and apparatus for providing radio-frequency shielding information
US11132595B1 (en) 2020-06-03 2021-09-28 William P. Alberth, Jr. Method and apparatus for providing radio-frequency shielding information
RU204518U1 (ru) * 2020-12-17 2021-05-28 Задорожный Артем Анатольевич Защитный шлем со свойствами экранирования от эми

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US3349396A (en) * 1966-02-03 1967-10-24 North American Aviation Inc Flexible radiation attenuator
GB2026660A (en) * 1978-07-28 1980-02-06 Gottlieb Commercial Mat for multispectral camouflage of objects and permanent construction
US4442162A (en) * 1981-10-09 1984-04-10 Brunswick Corporation Chemical and biological resistant material and method of fabricating same
FR2543286A1 (fr) * 1983-03-25 1984-09-28 Diab Barracuda Ab Moyen de camouflage thermique et optique
DE3507889A1 (de) * 1985-03-06 1986-09-11 Clouth Gummiwerke AG, 5000 Köln Mit einer beschichtung versehenes objekt
US5472769A (en) * 1993-12-10 1995-12-05 American Institute Of Criminology International Corp. Soft body armor material with enhanced puncture resistance comprising at least one continuous fabric having knit portions and integrally woven hinge portions

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2750487A1 (fr) 1998-01-02
DE69706243T2 (de) 2002-04-18
EP0816793B1 (de) 2001-08-22
DE69706243D1 (de) 2001-09-27
FR2750487B1 (fr) 2005-10-21
US5950237A (en) 1999-09-14

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