EP0813960A1 - Printing cylinders supported as cantilevers - Google Patents

Printing cylinders supported as cantilevers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0813960A1
EP0813960A1 EP97109731A EP97109731A EP0813960A1 EP 0813960 A1 EP0813960 A1 EP 0813960A1 EP 97109731 A EP97109731 A EP 97109731A EP 97109731 A EP97109731 A EP 97109731A EP 0813960 A1 EP0813960 A1 EP 0813960A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
printing unit
cylinders
cylinder according
bearings
cylinder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97109731A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0813960B1 (en
Inventor
Godber Petersen
Josef Göttling
Bernhard Feller
Hans Fleischmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Manroland AG
Original Assignee
MAN Roland Druckmaschinen AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0813960A1 publication Critical patent/EP0813960A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F13/00—Common details of rotary presses or machines
    • B41F13/08—Cylinders
    • B41F13/24—Cylinder-tripping devices; Cylinder-impression adjustments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F13/00—Common details of rotary presses or machines
    • B41F13/08—Cylinders
    • B41F13/20—Supports for bearings or supports for forme, offset, or impression cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO PRINTING, LINING MACHINES, TYPEWRITERS, AND TO STAMPS
    • B41P2217/00—Printing machines of special types or for particular purposes
    • B41P2217/10—Printing machines of special types or for particular purposes characterised by their constructional features
    • B41P2217/15—Machines with cylinders only supported on one side, e.g. cantilever construction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO PRINTING, LINING MACHINES, TYPEWRITERS, AND TO STAMPS
    • B41P2227/00—Mounting or handling printing plates; Forming printing surfaces in situ
    • B41P2227/20—Means enabling or facilitating exchange of tubular printing or impression members, e.g. printing sleeves, blankets
    • B41P2227/21—Means facilitating exchange of sleeves mounted on cylinders without removing the cylinder from the press

Definitions

  • the invention relates to overhung printing cylinder of a rotary printing press that can be adjusted against each other.
  • the older application DE 195 15 459.2 shows a printing unit of a rotary printing machine with overhung printing unit cylinders.
  • an impression cylinder, a transfer cylinder and a forme cylinder of an offset printing unit are overhung in a side wall.
  • the bearings and the pins of the printing unit cylinders are not very stable, the pins bend when the cylinders are placed against one another. The bearing clearance is also pushed out.
  • the cylinder bodies then do not abut each other in parallel, as shown schematically in FIG. 2. As a result, the line force in the contact zone of the cylinder bodies is not constant over their width. This can have an adverse effect on the print quality of the printed products to be produced.
  • the invention has for its object to provide means which ensure a line force as uniform as possible over the width of the cylinder body in the overhung, opposed printing unit cylinders.
  • the object is achieved in a generic device with the features of the characterizing part of patent claim 1.
  • the parallel to each other cylinder body of the printing unit cylinders positioned against each other generate a constant pressure, i.e. a constant line force in the printing zone over the entire width of the cylinder body, which creates a prerequisite for good print quality.
  • Figure 1 shows the structure of a printing unit cylinder with a cylinder body, hereinafter referred to as cylinder 1, and the pin in the form of the spindle unit shown in section and described below.
  • the cylinder 1 can for example be a form or transfer cylinder of a printing unit. It is cup-shaped and its bottom is attached to the spindle head 2 of the spindle 3. Fastening with screws is advantageously provided, and the mounting takes place without play using a conical seat.
  • the spindle 3 is mounted in a support tube 6 with high axial and radial rigidity by means of roller bearings 4, 5.
  • the support tube 6 is mounted in slide bearings 8, 9 in the side wall 11 and a support wall 12.
  • the support tube 6 closes with a sleeve 10 which is received in the bearing 9.
  • the second bearing in the support wall 12 gives the support tube 6 a particularly stable hold. It can be designed, for example, as a plate screwed to the side wall 11 with spacer supports or as a bridge screwed to the side wall 11.
  • the support tube 6 can be rotated in the slide bearings 8, 9, which enables the adjusting movements of the cylinder 1 described below.
  • the spindle 3, together with the cylinder 1, is arranged eccentrically with an eccentricity to the axis of rotation of the support tube 6.
  • the bore of the support tube 6, in which the spindle 3 is mounted is drilled eccentrically to its outer diameter, which carries the bearing seat for receiving in the slide bearing 8. Accordingly, the seat for the bearing 32 in the sleeve 10 is made eccentric to the bearing seat for the plain bearing 9.
  • the rotary encoder 13 required for drive control is fastened on the spindle 3 and supported on the lever 14, which in turn is fastened on the sleeve 10.
  • the spindle 3 ends with a two-way inlet 15, via which, for example, a liquid medium for possible printing process controls, such as cooling, can be inserted into and out of the cylinder 1.
  • FIG. 2 shows how two printing unit cylinders positioned against each other bend if no precautions are taken against this.
  • a forme cylinder 41 and a transfer cylinder 42 are used as cylinder bodies, which are fastened to spindle units 33, 34.
  • the spindle units 33, 34 essentially have the structure shown in FIG. 1 and thus embody the pins of the printing unit cylinders.
  • Spindle units of this type are also used in the following exemplary embodiments as pins of printing unit cylinders.
  • the invention can of course also be used in printing unit cylinders with simple cylinder journals mounted directly or by means of eccentric bushings in the side wall, these e.g. can also be made together with the cylinder body from one part.
  • the forme cylinder 41 and the transfer cylinder 42 are fastened to the spindle units 33, 34 in a different way than in FIG. 1, but this is of no importance for the further explanations.
  • the spindle units 33, 34 are supported in two planes, carried out by the walls 39, 40.
  • the second wall 40 can be designed, for example, as a bridge screwed to the wall 39, as part of a common box wall or in the form of another frame part.
  • the spindle units 33, 34 are mounted in the walls 39, 40 by means of slide bearings 35 to 38.
  • the spindles of the spindle units 33, 34 bend under the pressure load, which is expressed as a line force in the contact zone of these cylinders 41, 42.
  • the bearing play is pushed out of the plain bearings 35 to 38 by the force.
  • the forme cylinder 41 and the transfer cylinder 42 are inclined and, exaggeratedly shown, both assume the positions shown in FIG. 2.
  • no constant line force is generated across the width of the contact zone of the forme cylinder 41 and the transfer cylinder 42.
  • a line force that is as constant as possible is required to achieve good print quality. Deviations interfere with the printing process, here the transfer of the print image to the Transfer cylinder 42.
  • a constant line force is also required between transfer cylinders positioned against one another, here between transfer cylinder 42 and another one, not shown, which transfer the print image to both sides of a web passed between them.
  • the web edges 43, 44 are indicated schematically by dashed lines in FIG. 2. In order to obtain a constant compressive stress or line force across the width of the forme and transfer cylinders 41, 42, these should be as parallel as possible to one another under pressure, such as the cylinders shown in FIG. 10.
  • the exemplary embodiment described below shows means which consciously place the pins, i.e. the spindle units 33, 34, on top of one another on the cylinder side, so that the forme cylinder 41 and the transfer cylinder 42 are not in an opposed state, i.e. without pressure pressure in their contact zone, for example that in FIG 3 would take positions shown.
  • the slide bearings 35 to 38 are designed as controlled hydrostatic bearings.
  • Such a hydrostatic bearing is shown in cross section in FIG. 4.
  • the spindle 45 is supported via roller bearings 46 in the support tube 47 (FIG. 5), which in turn is mounted in the wall 49 by means of the hydrostatic bearing 48.
  • This bearing 48 consists, for example, of three pockets 50 to 52 distributed around the circumference, which are separated from one another by webs 53 to 55.
  • the pockets 50 to 52 are also sealed on the circumference by the walls 56, 57 to drain channels 58, 59.
  • Transducers 64, 65 determine the position of the surface 66 of the printing unit cylinder.
  • the sensors 64, 65 are arranged 90 ° to one another on the circumference of the surface 66 of the cylinder body.
  • Two pairs of transducers 64, 65 are provided in two planes of the cylinder body in its edge areas.
  • the transducers 64, 65 are connected to a control device 67 which is connected on the output side to actuating devices of throttle valves 68 to 70.
  • the throttle valves 68 to 70 throttle drain lines of the pockets 50 to 52.
  • the regulating device 67 determines deviations of the cylinder body from the signals of the sensors 64, 65 a predetermined position and gives corresponding signals for position correction to the adjusting devices of the throttle valves 68 to 70. This controls the flow rate of the oil from the pockets 50 to 72 and thus the pressure in these pockets 50 to 52 depending on the degree of load.
  • all plain bearings 35 to 39 are designed in such a way that the spindle units 33, 34 can be adjusted depending on the degree of loading. Regardless of the load, they keep their specified position. A position adjustment is also possible if only the bearings of one plane, for example the slide bearings 35 and 37 in the wall 39, are designed as hydrodynamic bearings.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 show a hydrostatic bearing in which, compared to the bearing 48 according to FIGS. 4 and 5, only the sealing of the pockets is designed differently.
  • the pockets 71 to 73 are not sealed here by webs, but by seals 74 to 76 with a square cross section.
  • the other structure and the control of the warehouse are analogous to Figures 4 and 5, which is why no further explanations are given.
  • FIG. 8 shows the mounting of two printing unit cylinders by means of spherical plain bearings.
  • a spindle unit 78 carries a forme cylinder 79, while a transfer cylinder 81 is attached to a spindle unit 80.
  • Both spindle units 78, 80 are mounted in the wall 82 with the help of spherical plain bearings 83, 84.
  • Another bearing is located in a plane spaced from the wall 82, namely the spherical plain bearings 85, 86 are each received by a plate 87, 88.
  • These plates 87, 88 are adjustable in the directions 89, 90, thus allowing the sliding bearings 85, 86 to be offset radially.
  • the axes of the spindle units 78, 80 can be set in the manner shown in FIG that the deflection and the bearing play in the slide bearings 83 to 86 are compensated in the printing operation in such a way that forme cylinder 79 and transfer cylinder 81 are parallel, as is the case for example in FIG. 10.
  • the set plates 87, 88 are screwed tight, for example on supports 179 to 181 fastened to the wall 82.
  • the displacement of the plates 87, 88 can also be controlled depending on the positional deviation of the forme cylinder 79 and the transfer cylinder 80 from a target position by means of a control circuit similar to FIG. 4, the control device 67 then actuating actuating units for displacing the plates 87, 88.
  • the plain bearings 85, 86 the plain bearings 83, 84 can also be made adjustable and can be provided in correspondingly displaceable plates.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 show a device which engages the printing unit cylinders on the flying ends of the cylinder bodies.
  • the form cylinders 133, 134 and the blanket cylinders 135, 136 have at their ends disks 137 to 140 with bolts 141 to 144, on which housings 149 to 152 are rotatably mounted on bearings 145 to 148.
  • actuating units for example hydraulic cylinders 159 to 161, act in an articulated manner via bearing bolts 153 to 158, which clamp the forme cylinders 133, 134 and transfer cylinders 135, 136 together with defined forces in the printing operation, for this purpose by applying tensile forces in the directions 162 to Apply 167.
  • the form and transfer cylinders 133 to 136 placed against one another then assume the parallel position shown in FIG. 10 with respect to one another.
  • hydraulic cylinders 159 to 161 pneumatic cylinders or electrical or electromechanical cylinders can also be used. It is also possible to regulate the actuating units 159 to 161 with regard to their tensile force.
  • measuring sensors for the position of the forme and transfer cylinders 133 to 136 attached according to FIG. 4 are connected to a regulating device which regulates the tensile forces of the actuating units 159 to 161 on the output side. If hydraulic cylinders 159 to 161 are used, the pressure of the hydraulic oil feeding them is regulated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rotary Presses (AREA)
  • Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)
  • Screen Printers (AREA)

Abstract

The flying printing cylinder has a device to position the printing cylinder so that the cylinder bodies opposite each other adopt a roughly parallel position. This device may engage with the journals of the printing cylinders and set their turning axis on the cylinder side on each other. The journals may be in two planes, with the bearings in at least one plane able to be offset axially. The journals (78,80) may be in ball bearings (83-86). The ball bearings (85,86) of one plane may be fitted in adjustable plates (87,88).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft fliegend gelagerte Druckwerkzylinder einer Rotationsdruckmaschine, die gegeneinander anstellbar sind.The invention relates to overhung printing cylinder of a rotary printing press that can be adjusted against each other.

Die ältere Anmeldung DE 195 15 459.2 zeigt ein Druckwerk einer Rotationsdruckmaschine mit fliegend gelagerten Druckwerkzylindern. In diesem Falle sind ein Gegendruckzylinder, ein Übertragungszylinder und ein Formzylinder eines Offsetdruckwerks fliegend in einer Seitenwand gelagert. Soweit die Lagerungen und die Zapfen der Druckwerkzylinder nicht sehr stabil ausgeführt sind, verbiegen sich die Zapfen, wenn die Zylinder gegeneinander angestellt werden. Auch wird das Lagerspiel herausgedrückt. Die Zylinderkörper liegen dann nicht parallel aneinander an, wie schematisch in Figur 2 gezeigt. Dadurch ist die Linienkraft in der Berührungszone der Zylinderkörper über deren Breite nicht konstant. Dies kann sich nachteilig auf die Druckqualität der herzustellenden Druckerzeugnisse auswirken.The older application DE 195 15 459.2 shows a printing unit of a rotary printing machine with overhung printing unit cylinders. In this case, an impression cylinder, a transfer cylinder and a forme cylinder of an offset printing unit are overhung in a side wall. If the bearings and the pins of the printing unit cylinders are not very stable, the pins bend when the cylinders are placed against one another. The bearing clearance is also pushed out. The cylinder bodies then do not abut each other in parallel, as shown schematically in FIG. 2. As a result, the line force in the contact zone of the cylinder bodies is not constant over their width. This can have an adverse effect on the print quality of the printed products to be produced.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, Mittel zu schaffen, die bei den fliegend gelagerten, gegeneinander angestellten Druckwerkzylindern eine möglichst gleichmäßige Linienkraft über die Breite der Zylinderkörper sicherstellen.The invention has for its object to provide means which ensure a line force as uniform as possible over the width of the cylinder body in the overhung, opposed printing unit cylinders.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe bei einer gattungsgemäßen Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des kennzeichnenden Teiles des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst. Die parallel aneinander anliegenden Zylinderkörper der gegeneinander angestellten Druckwerkzylinder erzeugen eine konstante Pressung, also eine gleichbleibende Linienkraft in der Druckzone über die gesamte Breite der Zylinderkörper, womit eine Voraussetzung für eine gute Druckqualität geschaffen wird.According to the invention the object is achieved in a generic device with the features of the characterizing part of patent claim 1. The parallel to each other cylinder body of the printing unit cylinders positioned against each other generate a constant pressure, i.e. a constant line force in the printing zone over the entire width of the cylinder body, which creates a prerequisite for good print quality.

Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen in Verbindung mit der Beschreibung.Further features and advantages result from the dependent claims in connection with the description.

Die Erfindung soll nachfolgend an einigen Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert werden. In den zugehörigen Zeichnungen zeigt:

Fig. 1:
einen Druckwerkzylinder (Zylinderkörper und Spindeleinheit) im Längsschnitt,
Fig. 2:
schematisch die Ausbiegung zweier gegeneinander angestellter Druckwerkzylinder,
Fig. 3:
die Korrektur der Lage der Zapfen zweier Druckwerkzylinder mittels hydrostatischer Lager,
Fig. 4:
einen Zapfen mit hydrostatischem Lager im Querschnitt,
Fig. 5:
den Schnitt V-V nach Figur 4,
Fig. 6:
eine weitere Ausführungsform zu Figur 4,
Fig. 7:
den Schnitt VII-VII nach Figur 6,
Fig. 8:
eine Variante zu Figur 3, wobei ballige Gleitlager versetzt werden,
Fig. 9:
Stelleinheiten zur Lagerkorrektur an den fliegenden Enden der Druckwerkzylinder,
Fig. 10:
den Schnitt X-X nach Figur 9.
The invention will be explained in more detail below using a few exemplary embodiments. In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1:
a printing unit cylinder (cylinder body and spindle unit) in longitudinal section,
Fig. 2:
schematically the deflection of two printing unit cylinders positioned against each other,
Fig. 3:
correcting the position of the pins of two printing unit cylinders using hydrostatic bearings,
Fig. 4:
a pin with a hydrostatic bearing in cross section,
Fig. 5:
the section VV of Figure 4,
Fig. 6:
another embodiment of Figure 4,
Fig. 7:
the section VII-VII of Figure 6,
Fig. 8:
a variant of Figure 3, with spherical plain bearings are displaced,
Fig. 9:
Positioning units for bearing correction at the flying ends of the printing unit cylinders,
Fig. 10:
the section XX of Figure 9.

Figur 1 zeigt den Aufbau eines Druckwerkzylinders mit einem Zylinderkörper, nachfolgend als Zylinder 1 bezeichnet, und dem Zapfen in Form der im Schnitt gezeigten und nachfolgend beschriebenen Spindeleinheit. Der Zylinder 1 kann beispielsweise ein Form- oder Übertragungszylinder eines Druckwerkes sein. Er ist topfförmig ausgebildet und mit seinem Boden am Spindelkopf 2 der Spindel 3 befestigt. Vorteilhaft ist die Befestigung mit Schrauben vorgesehen, und die Aufnahme erfolgt spielfrei mittels Kegelsitz. Die Spindel 3 ist mit hoher axialer und radialer Steifigkeit mittels Wälzlagern 4, 5 in einem Tragrohr 6 gelagert. Auf einem verlängerten Zapfen der Spindel 3, der zusätzlich durch das Lager 32 abgestützt wird, ist ein Motor 7, vorteilhaft ein sogenannter Bausatzmotor, aufgesetzt, der sich ebenfalls im Tragrohr 6 abstützt. Dadurch ist eine steife, spielfreie Verbindung des Motors 7 mit dem Zylinder 1 gewährleistet. Das Tragrohr 6 ist in Gleitlagern 8, 9 in der Seitenwand 11 sowie einer Stützwand 12 gelagert. Dabei schließt im Ausführungsbeispiel das Tragrohr 6 mit einer Hülse 10 ab, die im Lager 9 aufgenommen wird. Die zweite Lagerung in der Stützwand 12 gibt dem Tragrohr 6 einen besonders stabilen Halt. Sie kann beispielsweise als eine mit Abstandsstützen an die Seitenwand 11 angeschraubte Platte oder als an die Seitenwand 11 angeschraubte Brücke ausgebildet sein. Das Tragrohr 6 ist in den Gleitlagern 8, 9 drehbar, wodurch weiter unten beschriebene Anstellbewegungen des Zylinders 1 ermöglicht werden. Die Spindel 3 ist hierzu samt dem Zylinder 1 exzentrisch mit einer Exzentrizität zur Drehachse des Tragrohres 6 angeordnet. Im Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Bohrung des Tragrohres 6, in der die Spindel 3 gelagert ist, exzentrisch zu seinem Außendurchmesser gebohrt, der den Lagersitz für die Aufnahme im Gleitlager 8 trägt. Entsprechend ist auch der Sitz für das Lager 32 in der Hülse 10 exzentrisch zum Lagersitz für das Gleitlager 9 ausgeführt.Figure 1 shows the structure of a printing unit cylinder with a cylinder body, hereinafter referred to as cylinder 1, and the pin in the form of the spindle unit shown in section and described below. The cylinder 1 can for example be a form or transfer cylinder of a printing unit. It is cup-shaped and its bottom is attached to the spindle head 2 of the spindle 3. Fastening with screws is advantageously provided, and the mounting takes place without play using a conical seat. The spindle 3 is mounted in a support tube 6 with high axial and radial rigidity by means of roller bearings 4, 5. On an elongated pin of the spindle 3, which is additionally supported by the bearing 32, a motor 7, advantageously a so-called kit motor, is placed, which is also supported in the support tube 6. This ensures a rigid, play-free connection of the engine 7 to the cylinder 1. The support tube 6 is mounted in slide bearings 8, 9 in the side wall 11 and a support wall 12. In the exemplary embodiment, the support tube 6 closes with a sleeve 10 which is received in the bearing 9. The second bearing in the support wall 12 gives the support tube 6 a particularly stable hold. It can be designed, for example, as a plate screwed to the side wall 11 with spacer supports or as a bridge screwed to the side wall 11. The support tube 6 can be rotated in the slide bearings 8, 9, which enables the adjusting movements of the cylinder 1 described below. For this purpose, the spindle 3, together with the cylinder 1, is arranged eccentrically with an eccentricity to the axis of rotation of the support tube 6. In the exemplary embodiment, the bore of the support tube 6, in which the spindle 3 is mounted, is drilled eccentrically to its outer diameter, which carries the bearing seat for receiving in the slide bearing 8. Accordingly, the seat for the bearing 32 in the sleeve 10 is made eccentric to the bearing seat for the plain bearing 9.

Der zur Antriebssteuerung erforderliche Drehgeber 13 ist auf der Spindel 3 befestigt und am Hebel 14 abgestützt, der wiederum an der Hülse 10 befestigt ist. Die Spindel 3 schließt mit einer Zwei-Wege-Einführung 15 ab, über die beispielsweise ein flüssiges Medium für eventuelle Druckprozeßsteuerungen, wie eine Kühlung, in den Zylinder 1 ein- und aus diesem ausgeführt werden kann.The rotary encoder 13 required for drive control is fastened on the spindle 3 and supported on the lever 14, which in turn is fastened on the sleeve 10. The spindle 3 ends with a two-way inlet 15, via which, for example, a liquid medium for possible printing process controls, such as cooling, can be inserted into and out of the cylinder 1.

Figur 2 zeigt, wie sich zwei gegeneinander angestellte Druckwerkzylinder ausbiegen, wenn hiergegen keine Vorkehrungen getroffen werden. Als Zylinderkörper kommen hier ein Formzylinder 41 und ein Übertragungszylinder 42 zur Anwendung, die an Spindeleinheiten 33, 34 befestigt sind. Die Spindeleinheiten 33, 34 haben im wesentlichen den in Figur 1 gezeigten Aufbau und verkörpern also die Zapfen der Druckwerkzylinder. Auch bei den noch folgenden Ausführungsbeispielen kommen als Zapfen von Druckwerkzylindern derartige Spindeleinheiten zur Anwendung. Die Erfindung ist aber selbstverständlich auch bei Druckwerkzylindern mit einfachen, direkt bzw. mittels Exzenterbuchsen in der Seitenwand gelagerten Zylinderzapfen anwendbar, wobei diese z.B. auch zusammen mit dem Zylinderkörper aus einem Teil hergestellt sein können. Der Formzylinder 41 und der Übertragungszylinder 42 sind auf eine gegenüber Figur 1 andere Weise an den Spindeleinheiten 33, 34 befestigt, was jedoch für die weiteren Darlegungen keine Bedeutung hat.FIG. 2 shows how two printing unit cylinders positioned against each other bend if no precautions are taken against this. Here, a forme cylinder 41 and a transfer cylinder 42 are used as cylinder bodies, which are fastened to spindle units 33, 34. The spindle units 33, 34 essentially have the structure shown in FIG. 1 and thus embody the pins of the printing unit cylinders. Spindle units of this type are also used in the following exemplary embodiments as pins of printing unit cylinders. However, the invention can of course also be used in printing unit cylinders with simple cylinder journals mounted directly or by means of eccentric bushings in the side wall, these e.g. can also be made together with the cylinder body from one part. The forme cylinder 41 and the transfer cylinder 42 are fastened to the spindle units 33, 34 in a different way than in FIG. 1, but this is of no importance for the further explanations.

Die Spindeleinheiten 33, 34 sind in zwei Ebenen gelagert, ausgeführt durch die Wände 39, 40. Die zweite Wand 40 kann beispielsweise als an die Wand 39 angeschraubte Brücke, als Teil einer gemeinsamen Kastenwand oder in Form eines anderweitigen Gestellteils ausgebildet sein. Die Spindeleinheiten 33, 34 sind mittels Gleitlagern 35 bis 38 in den Wänden 39, 40 gelagert. Beim Anstellen des Formzylinders 41 und des Übertragungszylinders 42 gegeneinander biegen sich die Spindeln der Spindeleinheiten 33, 34 unter der Druckbelastung, die sich als Linienkraft in der Berührungszone dieser Zylinder 41, 42 äußert, durch. Außerdem wird das Lagerspiel aus den Gleitlagern 35 bis 38 durch die Kraftwirkung herausgedrückt. Als Folge stellen sich der Formzylinder 41 und der Übertragungszylinder 42 schräg und beide nehmen, übertrieben dargestellt, die in Figur 2 gezeigten Lagen ein. Dadurch wird, wie eingangs schon angedeutet, in der Berührungszone des Formzylinders 41 und des Übertragungszylinders 42 über deren Breite keine konstante Linienkraft erzeugt. Eine möglichst konstante Linienkraft ist jedoch zur Erzielung einer guten Druckqualität erforderlich. Abweichungen stören den Druckprozeß, hier die Übergabe des Druckbildes auf den Übertragungszylinder 42. Ebenso ist eine konstante Linienkraft zwischen gegeneinander angestellten Übertragungszylindern erforderlich, hier zwischen dem Übertragungszylinder 42 und einem weiteren nicht gezeigten, die das Druckbild auf beide Seiten einer zwischen ihnen hindurchgeführten Bahn übertragen. Die Bahnkanten 43, 44 sind in Figur 2 schematisch gestrichelt angedeutet. Um eine konstante Druckspannung bzw. Linienkraft über die Breite des Form- und des Übertragungszylinders 41, 42 zu erhalten, sollten diese unter Druckbelastung möglichst parallel zueinander stehen, wie z.B. die in Figur 10 gezeigten Zylinder.The spindle units 33, 34 are supported in two planes, carried out by the walls 39, 40. The second wall 40 can be designed, for example, as a bridge screwed to the wall 39, as part of a common box wall or in the form of another frame part. The spindle units 33, 34 are mounted in the walls 39, 40 by means of slide bearings 35 to 38. When the forme cylinder 41 and the transfer cylinder 42 are positioned against each other, the spindles of the spindle units 33, 34 bend under the pressure load, which is expressed as a line force in the contact zone of these cylinders 41, 42. In addition, the bearing play is pushed out of the plain bearings 35 to 38 by the force. As a result, the forme cylinder 41 and the transfer cylinder 42 are inclined and, exaggeratedly shown, both assume the positions shown in FIG. 2. As a result, as indicated at the beginning, no constant line force is generated across the width of the contact zone of the forme cylinder 41 and the transfer cylinder 42. However, a line force that is as constant as possible is required to achieve good print quality. Deviations interfere with the printing process, here the transfer of the print image to the Transfer cylinder 42. A constant line force is also required between transfer cylinders positioned against one another, here between transfer cylinder 42 and another one, not shown, which transfer the print image to both sides of a web passed between them. The web edges 43, 44 are indicated schematically by dashed lines in FIG. 2. In order to obtain a constant compressive stress or line force across the width of the forme and transfer cylinders 41, 42, these should be as parallel as possible to one another under pressure, such as the cylinders shown in FIG. 10.

Das nachfolgend beschriebene Ausführungsbeispiel zeigt Mittel, die die Zapfen, sprich die Spindeleinheiten 33, 34, zylinderseitig bewußt aufeinander zu stellen, so daß der Formzylinder 41 und der Übertragungszylinder 42 im nicht gegeneinander angestellten Zustand, d.h. ohne Druckpressung in ihrer Berührungszone, etwa die in Figur 3 gezeigten Stellungen einnehmen würden. Zur Erzielung einer solchen Schiefstellung sind die Gleitlager 35 bis 38 als geregelte hydrostatische Lager ausgebildet. Ein solches hydrostatisches Lager zeigt Figur 4 im Querschnitt. Analog zur Figur 1 ist die Spindel 45 über Wälzlager 46 im Tragrohr 47 abgestützt (Figur 5), das wiederum mittels des hydrostatischen Lagers 48 in der Wand 49 gelagert ist. Dieses Lager 48 besteht beispielsweise aus drei am Umfang verteilten Taschen 50 bis 52, die durch Stege 53 bis 55 voneinander getrennt sind. Die Taschen 50 bis 52 sind außerdem am Umfang durch die Wände 56, 57 zu Ablaufkanälen 58, 59 hin abgedichtet. Mit einer Zahnradpumpe 60 wird Öl über Rückschlagventile 61 bis 63 in die Taschen 50 bis 52 gepreßt. Meßwertaufnehmer 64, 65 ermitteln die Lage der Oberfläche 66 des Druckwerkzylinders. Die Meßwertgeber 64, 65 sind 90° zueinander am Umfang der Oberfläche 66 des Zylinderkörpers angeordnet. Es sind zwei Paare von Meßwertaufnehmern 64, 65 in zwei Ebenen des Zylinderkörpers in dessen Randbereichen vorgesehen. Die Meßwertaufnehmer 64, 65 sind auf eine Regeleinrichtung 67 geschaltet, die ausgangsseitig mit Stelleinrichtungen von Drosselventilen 68 bis 70 verbunden ist. Die Drosselventile 68 bis 70 drosseln Abflußleitungen der Taschen 50 bis 52. Die Regeleinrichtung 67 ermittelt aus den Signalen der Meßwertaufnehmer 64, 65 Abweichungen des Zylinderkörpers von einer vorgegebenen Lage und gibt entsprechende Signale zur Lagekorrektur an die Stelleinrichtungen der Drosselventile 68 bis 70. Damit wird die Abflußmenge des Öles aus den Taschen 50 bis 72 und damit der Druck in diesen Taschen 50 bis 52 bis je nach Belastungsgrad geregelt. In Figur 3 sind alle Gleitlager 35 bis 39 derartig ausgebildet, womit sich die Spindeleinheiten 33, 34 je nach Belastungsgrad einstellen lassen. Sie behalten unabhängig von der Belastung ihre vorgegebene Lage. Eine Lageeinstellung ist bereits auch möglich, wenn nur die Lager einer Ebene, beispielsweise die Gleitlager35 und 37 in der Wand 39 als hydrodynamische Lager ausgebildet sind.The exemplary embodiment described below shows means which consciously place the pins, i.e. the spindle units 33, 34, on top of one another on the cylinder side, so that the forme cylinder 41 and the transfer cylinder 42 are not in an opposed state, i.e. without pressure pressure in their contact zone, for example that in FIG 3 would take positions shown. To achieve such an inclination, the slide bearings 35 to 38 are designed as controlled hydrostatic bearings. Such a hydrostatic bearing is shown in cross section in FIG. 4. Analogously to FIG. 1, the spindle 45 is supported via roller bearings 46 in the support tube 47 (FIG. 5), which in turn is mounted in the wall 49 by means of the hydrostatic bearing 48. This bearing 48 consists, for example, of three pockets 50 to 52 distributed around the circumference, which are separated from one another by webs 53 to 55. The pockets 50 to 52 are also sealed on the circumference by the walls 56, 57 to drain channels 58, 59. With a gear pump 60, oil is pressed into the pockets 50 to 52 via check valves 61 to 63. Transducers 64, 65 determine the position of the surface 66 of the printing unit cylinder. The sensors 64, 65 are arranged 90 ° to one another on the circumference of the surface 66 of the cylinder body. Two pairs of transducers 64, 65 are provided in two planes of the cylinder body in its edge areas. The transducers 64, 65 are connected to a control device 67 which is connected on the output side to actuating devices of throttle valves 68 to 70. The throttle valves 68 to 70 throttle drain lines of the pockets 50 to 52. The regulating device 67 determines deviations of the cylinder body from the signals of the sensors 64, 65 a predetermined position and gives corresponding signals for position correction to the adjusting devices of the throttle valves 68 to 70. This controls the flow rate of the oil from the pockets 50 to 72 and thus the pressure in these pockets 50 to 52 depending on the degree of load. In Figure 3, all plain bearings 35 to 39 are designed in such a way that the spindle units 33, 34 can be adjusted depending on the degree of loading. Regardless of the load, they keep their specified position. A position adjustment is also possible if only the bearings of one plane, for example the slide bearings 35 and 37 in the wall 39, are designed as hydrodynamic bearings.

Die Figuren 6 und 7 zeigen ein hydrostatisches Lager, bei dem gegenüber dem Lager 48 gemäß den Figuren 4 und 5 lediglich die Abdichtung der Taschen anders gestaltet ist. Die Abdichtung der Taschen 71 bis 73 erfolgt hier nicht durch Stege, sondern durch Dichtungen 74 bis 76 mit quadratischem Querschnitt. Der sonstige Aufbau sowie die Regelung des Lagers sind analog zu den Figuren 4 und 5, weshalb auf weitere Erklärungen verzichtet wird.FIGS. 6 and 7 show a hydrostatic bearing in which, compared to the bearing 48 according to FIGS. 4 and 5, only the sealing of the pockets is designed differently. The pockets 71 to 73 are not sealed here by webs, but by seals 74 to 76 with a square cross section. The other structure and the control of the warehouse are analogous to Figures 4 and 5, which is why no further explanations are given.

Figur 8 zeigt die Lagerung zweier Druckwerkzylinder mittels balliger Gleitlager. Eine Spindeleinheit 78 trägt einen Formzylinder 79, während an einer Spindeleinheit 80 ein Übertragungszylinder 81 befestigt ist. Beide Spindeleinheiten 78, 80 sind in der Wand 82 mit Hilfe von balligen Gleitlagern 83, 84 gelagert. Eine weitere Lagerung befindet sich in einer von der Wand 82 beabstandeten Ebene, und zwar werden die balligen Gleitlager 85, 86 von jeweils einer Platte 87, 88 aufgenommen. Diese Platten 87, 88 sind in den Richtungen 89, 90 verstellbar, erlauben also einen radialen Versatz der Gleitlager 85, 86. Durch eine einmalige Einstellung der Platten 87, 88 können die Achsen der Spindeleinheiten 78, 80 in der in Figur 8 gezeigten Weise gestellt werden, daß deren Durchbiegung und das Lagerspiel in den Gleitlagern 83 bis 86 im Druckbetrieb derart ausgeglichen werden, daß sich Formzylinder 79 und Übertragungszylinder 81 parallel stellen, so wie dies zum Beispiel bei Figur 10 der Fall ist. Die eingestellten Platten 87, 88 werden festgeschraubt, beispielsweise an an der Wand 82 befestigten Stützen 179 bis 181.Figure 8 shows the mounting of two printing unit cylinders by means of spherical plain bearings. A spindle unit 78 carries a forme cylinder 79, while a transfer cylinder 81 is attached to a spindle unit 80. Both spindle units 78, 80 are mounted in the wall 82 with the help of spherical plain bearings 83, 84. Another bearing is located in a plane spaced from the wall 82, namely the spherical plain bearings 85, 86 are each received by a plate 87, 88. These plates 87, 88 are adjustable in the directions 89, 90, thus allowing the sliding bearings 85, 86 to be offset radially. By adjusting the plates 87, 88 once, the axes of the spindle units 78, 80 can be set in the manner shown in FIG that the deflection and the bearing play in the slide bearings 83 to 86 are compensated in the printing operation in such a way that forme cylinder 79 and transfer cylinder 81 are parallel, as is the case for example in FIG. 10. The set plates 87, 88 are screwed tight, for example on supports 179 to 181 fastened to the wall 82.

Die Verschiebung der Platten 87, 88 kann aber auch je nach der Lageabweichung des Formzylinders 79 und des Übertragungszylinders 80 von einer Sollage mittels eines Regelkreises ähnlich Figur 4 geregelt werden, wobei die Regeleinrichtung 67 dann Stelleinheiten zum Verschieben der Platten 87, 88 ansteuert. Statt der Gleitlager 85, 86 können auch die Gleitlager 83, 84 verstellbar ausgeführt und in entsprechend verschiebbaren Platten vorgesehen werden.The displacement of the plates 87, 88 can also be controlled depending on the positional deviation of the forme cylinder 79 and the transfer cylinder 80 from a target position by means of a control circuit similar to FIG. 4, the control device 67 then actuating actuating units for displacing the plates 87, 88. Instead of the plain bearings 85, 86, the plain bearings 83, 84 can also be made adjustable and can be provided in correspondingly displaceable plates.

In den Figuren 9 und 10 ist eine Vorrichtung gezeigt, die an den fliegenden Enden der Zylinderkörper der Druckwerkzylinder angreift. Die Formzylinder 133, 134 sowie die Gummizylinder 135, 136 tragen an ihren Enden Scheiben 137 bis 140 mit Bolzen 141 bis 144, auf denen drehbar auf Lagern 145 bis 148 Gehäuse 149 bis 152 gelagert sind. An den Gehäusen 149 bis 152 greifen gelenkig über Lagerbolzen 153 bis 158 Stelleinheiten, beispielsweise Hydraulikzylinder 159 bis 161, an, die im Druckbetrieb mit definierten Kräften die Formzylinder 133, 134 und Übertragungszylinder 135, 136 zusammenspannen, indem sie hierfür Zugkräfte in den Richtungen 162 bis 167 aufbringen. Die gegeneinander angestellten Form- und Übertragungszylinder 133 bis 136 nehmen dann die in Figur 10 gezeigte parallele Lage zueinander ein. Statt der Hydraulikzylinder 159 bis 161 können auch Pneumatikzylinder oder elektrische bzw. elektromechanische Zylinder Verwendung finden. Auch ist es möglich, die Stelleinheiten 159 bis 161 hinsichtlich ihrer Zugkraft zu regeln. Entsprechend der Figur 4 angebrachte Meßwertaufnehmer für die Lage der Form- und Übertragungszylinder 133 bis 136 sind in diesem Fall auf eine Regeleinrichtung geschaltet, die ausgangsseitig die Zugkräfte der Stelleinheiten 159 bis 161 regelt. Im Falle des Einsatzes von Hydraulikzylindern 159 bis 161 wird also der Druck des sie speisenden Hydrauliköles geregelt.FIGS. 9 and 10 show a device which engages the printing unit cylinders on the flying ends of the cylinder bodies. The form cylinders 133, 134 and the blanket cylinders 135, 136 have at their ends disks 137 to 140 with bolts 141 to 144, on which housings 149 to 152 are rotatably mounted on bearings 145 to 148. On the housings 149 to 152, actuating units, for example hydraulic cylinders 159 to 161, act in an articulated manner via bearing bolts 153 to 158, which clamp the forme cylinders 133, 134 and transfer cylinders 135, 136 together with defined forces in the printing operation, for this purpose by applying tensile forces in the directions 162 to Apply 167. The form and transfer cylinders 133 to 136 placed against one another then assume the parallel position shown in FIG. 10 with respect to one another. Instead of hydraulic cylinders 159 to 161, pneumatic cylinders or electrical or electromechanical cylinders can also be used. It is also possible to regulate the actuating units 159 to 161 with regard to their tensile force. In this case, measuring sensors for the position of the forme and transfer cylinders 133 to 136 attached according to FIG. 4 are connected to a regulating device which regulates the tensile forces of the actuating units 159 to 161 on the output side. If hydraulic cylinders 159 to 161 are used, the pressure of the hydraulic oil feeding them is regulated.

Claims (10)

Fliegend gelagerte Druckwerkzylinder einer Rotationsdruckmaschine, die gegeneinander anstellbar sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Mittel vorgesehen sind, die derart die Druckwerkzylinder positionieren, daß die gegeneinander angestellten Zylinderkörper eine annähernd parallele Lage einnehmen.Overhung printing unit cylinders of a rotary printing press that can be adjusted against each other, characterized in that means are provided that position the printing unit cylinders in such a way that the cylinder bodies positioned against each other assume an approximately parallel position. Druckwerkzylinder nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel an den Zapfen der Druckwerkzylinder angreifen und deren Drehachsen zylinderseitig aufeinander zu stellen.Printing unit cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that the means engage the pins of the printing unit cylinders and to place their axes of rotation on the cylinder side. Druckwerkzylinder nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zapfen in zwei Ebenen gelagert sind und die Lager mindestens einer Ebene radial versetzbar sind.Printing unit cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that the pins are mounted in two planes and the bearings can be radially displaced in at least one plane. Druckwerkzylinder nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zapfen (78, 80) in balligen Gleitlagern (83-86) gelagert sind und die Gleitlager (85, 86) einer Ebene in verstellbaren Platten (87, 88) aufgenommen sind.Printing unit cylinder according to claim 3, characterized in that the pins (78, 80) are mounted in spherical slide bearings (83-86) and the slide bearings (85, 86) are accommodated in one plane in adjustable plates (87, 88). Druckwerkzylinder nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zapfen (33, 34) in zwei Ebenen gelagert sind und die Lager (35 bis 38) mindestens einer Ebene als hydrostatische Lager (35 bis 38) ausgeführt sind, in denen gezielt hydrostatische Drücke zur Verstellung der Zapfen (33, 34) geschaffen werden.Printing unit cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that the pins (33, 34) are mounted in two planes and the bearings (35 to 38) at least one plane are designed as hydrostatic bearings (35 to 38), in which hydrostatic pressures for adjustment are targeted the pin (33, 34) are created. Druckwerkzylinder nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Mittel an den fliegenden Enden der Zylinderkörper angeordnet sind, die diese im angestellten Zustand aufeinander zu bewegen.Printing unit cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that means are arranged at the flying ends of the cylinder bodies which move them towards one another in the engaged state. Druckwerkzylinder nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die fliegenden Enden der Zylinderkörper (133 bis 136) Bolzen (141 bis 144) tragen, an denen eine Stelleinheit (159 bis 161) angreift, die im angestellten Zustand der Zylinder (133 bis 136) eine Zugkraft auf die Bolzen (141 bis 144) ausübt.Printing unit cylinder according to claim 6, characterized in that the flying ends of the cylinder bodies (133 to 136) carry bolts (141 to 144) on which an actuating unit (159 to 161) engages, which one in the engaged state of the cylinders (133 to 136) Exerts traction on the bolts (141 to 144). Druckwerkzylinder nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an den Druckwerkzylindern Meßwertaufnehmer (64, 65) für deren Lage angeordnet sind, die auf eine Regeleinrichtung (67) geschaltet sind, die ausgangsseitig die die Druckwerkzylinder positionierenden Mittel regelt.Printing unit cylinder according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that measuring position sensors (64, 65) are arranged on the printing unit cylinders for their position, which are connected to a control device (67) which regulates on the output side the means which position the printing unit cylinders. Druckwerkzylinder nach Anspruch 5 und 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Regeleinrichtung (67) mit Stelleinrichtungen von Drosselventilen (68 bis 70) verbunden sind, die den Druck der Druckkammern (50 bis 52) der hydrostatischen Lager (47) regeln.Printing unit cylinder according to Claims 5 and 8, characterized in that the control device (67) is connected to adjusting devices of throttle valves (68 to 70) which regulate the pressure of the pressure chambers (50 to 52) of the hydrostatic bearings (47). Druckwerkzylinder nach Anspruch 7 und 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Regeleinrichtung (67) die Zugkraft der an den Bolzen (141 bis 144) angreifenden Stelleinheit (159 bis 161) regelt.Printing unit cylinder according to Claims 7 and 8, characterized in that the regulating device (67) regulates the tensile force of the actuating unit (159 to 161) acting on the bolts (141 to 144).
EP97109731A 1996-06-19 1997-06-14 Printing cylinders supported as cantilevers Expired - Lifetime EP0813960B1 (en)

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US5950537A (en) 1999-09-14
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DE59702705D1 (en) 2001-01-11
CA2207964A1 (en) 1997-12-19

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