EP0811957B1 - Verfahren zum Bezahlen von Waren und Dienstleistungen - Google Patents
Verfahren zum Bezahlen von Waren und Dienstleistungen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0811957B1 EP0811957B1 EP19970100832 EP97100832A EP0811957B1 EP 0811957 B1 EP0811957 B1 EP 0811957B1 EP 19970100832 EP19970100832 EP 19970100832 EP 97100832 A EP97100832 A EP 97100832A EP 0811957 B1 EP0811957 B1 EP 0811957B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- point
- data card
- sale
- memory
- units
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
- G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
- G07F7/08—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means
- G07F7/0866—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means by active credit-cards adapted therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
- G07F15/00—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
- G07F17/00—Coin-freed apparatus for hiring articles; Coin-freed facilities or services
- G07F17/0014—Coin-freed apparatus for hiring articles; Coin-freed facilities or services for vending, access and use of specific services not covered anywhere else in G07F17/00
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
- G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
- G07F7/08—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means
- G07F7/0873—Details of the card reader
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for paying for goods and services according to claim 1.
- Such methods are suitable for the sale of wired and by means of a Measuring device measured consumer goods, such as cold and hot water, gas, gasoline, electrical Energy, heating energy etc. or information.
- EP-256'768 B1 describes the processes in detail to pay for goods and services and the necessary registration devices and Data cards.
- Examples of water and gas meters in connection with a prepayment system are from GB-2'261'978 A and GB-2'261'979 A. Serve to release the measuring devices prepaid tokens with electronic debit memory instead of coins and are therefore only a further training of the measuring devices to be released with coins. These gauges release the flow of water or gas as long as the inserted token has a value has greater than zero. As soon as the token is completely used up, a valve of the Meter the flow of the flowing medium.
- a similar system also describes the EP-354'975B1, which uses magnetically writable cards instead of coins as tokens. at In these systems, the prepaid tokens are used once and then thrown away.
- EP-655 716 A2 describes a method for paying for line-bound goods the information between a point of sale device and a Measuring device can be exchanged in both directions.
- the data cards are there initially at the point of sale device by writing in identification data and Initialized monetary values in the data card.
- the object of the invention is a safe and inexpensive method for paying To specify goods and services that are transparent and transparent for customers and sellers is verifiable and keeps fraud losses to a minimum.
- the method according to the invention for paying for line-bound goods and / or Services using a data card starts with the purchase of a data card from a Point of sale.
- the data card is then in a read / write device at least introduced a measuring device for the line-bound goods and with its identification and Characteristic values described about its state.
- The will be returned to the point of sale Data card connected to a point of sale device.
- the point of sale device arranges in to its data storage space for the information of the data card in question and transmits a number of units of value corresponding to a paid amount of money and command values into the data card.
- the data card with this new information becomes the measuring device transported and read out in his read / write device.
- the meter gives one through the Number of units of value predetermined flow rate of the goods free.
- the data card can be in the point of sale is overwritten again with the value units and the command values are after the point of sale device the new parameters about the state of the Has read the measuring device from the data card.
- the device in FIG. 1 comprises an autonomous measuring device 1, a data card 2 Point of sale device 3 and a central service 4.
- the autonomous measuring device 1 is used for measuring a flow rate Q of a flowable product 5, such as gas, water, electrical energy, Coolant, thermal energy in the form of hot water, etc., which through a line 6 on site a customer 7 is delivered.
- Each measuring device 1 has a read / write device 8 for the Data cards 2, for which the designations "electronic wallets" or “smart cards” be used.
- the read / write device 8 is for the authorized transfer of Information between a memory 9 of the data card 2 and the measuring device 1 set up.
- the customer turns the data card 2 into one equipped with a sales point device 3 Brought to the point of sale 10, where the data card 2 in a receiving device 11 of the Point of sale device 3 is introduced.
- the point of sale 10 is easy accessible, central locations, e.g. Kiosks, tobacco shops, shopping centers, post offices etc. where Point of sale devices 3 for the goods 5 are set up. This takes place in the receiving device 11 authorized transfer of information between the memory 9 of the data card 2 and the Point of sale device 3.
- One of the points of sale 10 takes a cash amount from the customer counter and causes an authorized transmission of Measuring device information from the memories 9 into a memory page 13 of the Point of sale device 3 and a retransmission of point of sale information in the Memory 9 of the data card 2.
- the data card 2 is inserted into the read / write device 8 introduced so that the new information from the memory 9 into the measuring device 1 be transmitted.
- the measuring device 1 adds an amount corresponding to the amount of cash related goods 5 free.
- the central service 4 is via bidirectional connections 14, e.g. Telephone lines, light guides or radio channels, connected to the sales outlets 10 and their outlets 3.
- Central service 4 on the quantities of goods 5 measured by the customer, on the value of the Goods 5 and over the amount of money received from the sales point 10, etc.
- the central service transmits 4 command values to the points of sale 3, which Access measuring devices 1 via data card 2.
- the Customers at least once a year a compilation 15 in writing for the customer Customer important information, such as the quantity and type obtained in the past period the goods 5 and the amount paid by him for it.
- the central service 4 includes, for example, a data collector 16, at least one Goods suppliers 17 and banking institutions 18, 19 and 20, via communication channels are interconnected.
- the point of sale 10 applies the cash it has received a route 21 to the retail bank 18 and have it credited to your account. Later there is an instruction from the point of sale 10 that the retail bank 18 the from Data collector 16 to transfer the amount requested to the data collector bank 19.
- the data collector banking institution 19 transmits the credit note to the data collector 16 who in turn relieves the point of sale 10 for the sales of goods it arranges.
- the Data collector 16 instructs its banking institution 19 in favor of the goods supplier 17 to the goods supplier bank 20, which is the value of the amount consumed Goods 5 minus the expenses for data collection corresponds.
- the Goods supplier 17 all relevant information about the measuring devices 1.
- the goods supplier 17 relieves the data collector 16 after receipt of the credit note from the goods supplier bank 20th
- the central service 4 comprises several, mostly locally separate service providers 16 to 20.
- the Central service 4 can also have several associated goods suppliers 17 and their banking institutions 20 include, since the supply and delivery of the goods 5 (gas, water, electrical energy, Coolants, thermal energy, etc.) mostly done by independent providers.
- the goods 5 gas, water, electrical energy, Coolants, thermal energy, etc.
- This Group of the measuring devices 1 installed at the location of the customer 7 can be operated using a single one Data card 2 of the customer can be operated if the memory 9 is organized accordingly.
- employees of the goods supplier 17 have the possibility of a have direct access to the measuring device 1 for its goods 5 at the location of the customer 7.
- a Service card of this employee can like the data card 2 via the read / write device with the Connect measuring device 1.
- the service cards have access to all in the measuring device 1 stored data and results of periodic self-tests. This information channel is used to monitor the undisturbed functionality or, if necessary, to localize Malfunctions and attempted fraud.
- the periodically delivered by the data collector 16 Information about the state of the measuring devices 1 allows the goods supplier 17 to use them of the service personnel to plan in an advantageous manner and thus the visits to the customer 7 to be kept to a minimum.
- the measuring device 1 of FIG. 2 is autonomous because the measurement results and / or the State of the measuring device 1 is not carried out via additional and expensive information channels.
- the Measuring device 1 has an electronic block 22, which has a control unit 23 and four Register groups R1, R2, R3 and R4 includes.
- the identification e.g. the type of the measuring device 1 and the goods supplier 17 (FIG. 1) and the apparatus number
- the register group R2 contains command values (type of goods, price of the Unit quantity, unit of measure, residual values of apparatus, payment method, etc.).
- the Register group R3 contains the number of value units, which depending on the payment method prepaid or represent units of value to be paid and register group R4 the status of the measuring device.
- the Flow rate Q of the goods 5 flowing through the line 6 is in one with the Electronic block 22 connected measuring device 24 in predetermined units measured, which are listed as "counter reading" in the register group R4 and part of the Form information about the state of the measuring device.
- the change in the counter reading also causes the price of the unit quantity a change in the number of value units.
- Shut-off device 25 is connected to the electronic block 22 via a control line and so controlled that the flow of the goods 5 upon a command from the control unit 23 interrupted or released again.
- the shut-off device 25 closed if the number of value units in the register group R3 is a predetermined number, for example zero, reached and opened again as soon as the register group R3 one again Contains number of value units.
- the register group R4 also contains key figures about the Condition of measuring apparatus 1 and a log of all attempts to establish a connection with data cards 2. This information is used e.g. also for tracking down Scams.
- the following example describes the procedure using a data card 2 (e.g. as in the US-5'440'634) in credit card format with an electronic circuit on a microchip 26, which is characterized by an access control to the memory 9.
- the Access control prevents the memory content of the data card 2 from being changed unauthorized persons.
- the memory 9 is the same as the register groups R1 to R4 in Storage groups S1 to S4 organize and additionally have an independent storage space to store a flag F1 which indicates the state of the data card 2.
- the Storage groups S1, S2, S3 and S4 contain the identification in the same order Command values, the number of value units and the measuring device status.
- An arithmetic unit controls the information traffic of a large number of measuring devices 1 28 a corresponding plurality of memories 9, the assignment of which to each measuring device 1 the content of the corresponding storage group S1 takes place.
- the information about electrical Contact fields 27 induction loops can be conveyed as antennas or by means of light pulses.
- Data card 2 or the service card of the goods supplier 17 (FIG. 1) is placed in the location of the customer 7 (FIG. 1) the read / write device 8 introduced that the electronic block 22 with the microchip 26th Can exchange information about the electrical contact fields 27.
- the arithmetic unit 28 of the microchip 26 checks for each write or read access to the memory 9, whether that Read / write device 8 or the receiving device 11 (FIG. 1) is authorized for this process is.
- F1 the flag on the value of an unused data card 2 newly purchased from the point of sale 10 (FIG. 1)
- all existing memories 9 and the flag F1 are set to zero.
- Data card 2 must therefore before use in the measuring device 1 by copying the contents of the register groups R1 to R4 is made identifiable in the storage groups S1 to S4 for the point of sale devices 3 become.
- a computer 29 is connected to the receiving device 11, the input keyboard 12 Data memory 30 with a plurality of memory pages 13 with space groups P1 to P4, one Screen 31 (or other display device) for displaying sales data, credit, Credits etc., a working memory 32 with working storage spaces A1 to A4 and, for example via a modem 33 and the connection 14 with the central service 4 (FIG. 1) bidirectionally connected.
- the location group P1 and the working space A1 are intended for the identification, the location group P2 and the working space A2 for the command values, the space group P3 and the working space A3 for the number of value units and the Space group P4 and the working space A4 for the measuring device status at the time of Return of data card 2 by measuring device 1.
- FIG. 1 The important content of the transaction in the point of sale 10 (FIG. 1) Working memory spaces A1 to A4 and the amount entered via the input keyboard 12 are shown on the screen 31. Switching can also change certain information are successively made visible on the screen 31, for example the fact whether should be bought on credit or against prepayment, or the result of a Display analysis of the key figures on the state of the measuring device 1.
- vending machine 3 with a machine 37 either a cashier for Banknotes or coins or a credit card terminal, can be connected - instead of manual entry of the amount of money via the keyboard 12 - the amount that one of the Vending machines 37 accepted and released for the point of sale device 3 corresponds, transferred directly via a connecting line 38 to the computer 29 and from there the Data card 2 can be credited.
- the advantage of this arrangement is that it is error-free Transfer of the amount of money.
- a combination of the sales point device 3 and the Vending machine 37 can be designed as a self-service unit.
- the method for paying for the wired goods 5 and / or Services assigns an information transport between the data card Measuring device 1 for the goods 5 and the point of sale device 3 of the point of sale 10 and back on.
- This information includes the identification and the state of the measuring device 1, which is from the Measuring device 1 written into the memory 9 and with the data card 2 for Point of sale device 3 can be transported.
- the point of sale device 3 reads the stored Information and stores it in the data memory 30.
- the memory 9 contains a number of value units that the Point of sale corresponds to the amount of money paid, and the command values for the measuring device 1.
- the central service 4 can control the content of the data memory 30 of all point of sale devices 3 via the Interrogate connections 14 periodically and those stored in the data memories 30 Renew command values.
- the advantage of the process lies in the simple operation, the clear overview of the Sales processes, the feedback from autonomous measuring devices 1 without cable connections.
- the amounts of money transported with the data card 2 are small.
- a personal identification number (PIN) like that of the conventional electronic purses do not exist, an issuance of these Identification number also cannot be enforced.
- a lost data card 2 is therefore for the finder worthless, so that there is a high probability of a point of sale 10 and thus is returned to the customer. Any losses due to negligence are limited also on the freshly loaded amount of money and the cost of a new data card 2 and must to be borne by the customers themselves.
- the central service 4 can advantageously take advantage of an increased unit price of the purchased goods 5 supplied pre-financed apparatus such as measuring device 1 (FIG. 1) or via line 6 (FIG. 1) Consumer devices 34 (stove, heating, light generation, etc.) on the consumption of the goods 5 be paid off.
- the customer can view the content of the Query register group R2 or R3 on an electronic display board 35, for example by means of keys 36.
- the customer can at any time save the one stored in register group R2 Read the residual value of his consumer devices 34.
- the two registers R1 and R4 can only be read, when the service card mentioned at the beginning is inserted in the read / write device 8.
- the method according to the invention described above can be used instead of the goods 5 already mentioned also for paying for wired or wirelessly transmitted information, e.g. Television broadcasts ("Pay TV") or information from databases, Internet, etc. used become.
- the measuring device 24 (FIG. 2) can also measure the instead of a time span Decode the type of shipment and accordingly apply a predetermined tariff bring.
- the method according to the invention can instead of the microchip card 2 also by means of one of the EP-354'975B1 known at the outset known data card 2 with magnetizable data tracks be performed.
- the data tracks take over the function of memory 9. Because all Test steps must be carried out in the measuring device 1 or in the point of sale device 3 the magnetic card system has less security against fraud.
- the read / write device 8 and the receiving device 11 must of course with a magnetic Be read / write head equipped.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Control Of Vending Devices And Auxiliary Devices For Vending Devices (AREA)
- Time Recorders, Dirve Recorders, Access Control (AREA)
- Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
- Cash Registers Or Receiving Machines (AREA)
Description
Claims (6)
- Verfahren zum Bezahlen von leitungsgebundenen Waren (5) und/oder von Dienstleistungen mittels einer Datenkarte (2) mit einem Speicher (9), wobei das Verfahren die folgenden Schritte umfasst:Informationen zur Identifkation und zum Zustand eines Messgerätes (1) für die leitungsgebundene Ware (5) werden vom Messgerät (1) in den Speicher (9) eingeschrieben, wobei die Datenkarte (2) in diesem Messgerät (1) vor dem ersten Gebrauch für ein Verkaufsstellengerät (3) identifizierbar gemacht wird;die Informationen werden mittels der Datenkarte (2) zu dem Verkaufstellengerät (3) transportiert und dort in einem Datenspeicher (30) des Verkaufstellengeräts (3) abgelegt;eine Anzahl Werteinheiten, die einem bezahlten Geldbetrag entsprechen, und Kommandowerte werden durch das Verkaufstellengerät (3) der Verkaufsstelle (10) in den Speicher (9) der Datenkarte (2) geschrieben;mittels der Datenkarte (2) werden diese neue Informationen vom Verkaufstellengerät (3) zum Messgerät (1) transportiert ; undeine Durchflussmenge der Ware (5) wird vom Messgerät (1) entsprechend der Anzahl neuer Werteinheiten freigegeben.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Information in den Datenspeichern (30) der Verkaufstellengeräte (3) von einem Zentraldienst (4) über Verbindungen (14) periodisch zur Auswertung abgefragt werden und dass neue Kommandowerte an die Verkaufstellengeräte (3) übermittelt werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
das durch folgende Schritte gekennzeichnet ist,Einführen der Datenkarte (2) in ein Schreib-/Lesegerät (8) des Messgeräts (1) und Herstellung einer Verbindung zum Datenaustausch zwischen der Datenkarte (2) und dem Messgerät (1);Ueberprüfung der Berechtigung der Datenkarte (2),Kopieren der Kommandowerte aus dem Speicher (9) in eine Registergruppe R2 eines elektronischen Blocks (22) des Messgeräts (1),Prüfen des Zustands einer Flagge F1 im Speicher (9),Entscheiden: falls F1 = 1 ist, Addieren der Anzahl Werteinheiten zum Inhalt einer Registergruppe R3 des elektronischen Blocks (22),Rücksetzen der Flagge F1 auf Null durch das Messgerät (1),Kopieren der Inhalte von Registergruppen R1, R2, R3 und R4 in den Speicher (9),Auswerfen der Datenkarte (2) zum Transport zu einer Verkaufsstelle (10),Einführen der Datenkarte (2) in ein Verkaufsstellengerät (3) und Herstellen einer Verbindung zum Datenaustausch zwischen dem Verkaufsstellengerät (3) und der Datenkarte (2),Ueberprüfung der Berechtigung der Datenkarte (2),Kopieren der Inhalte des Speichers (9) in Arbeitsspeicherplätze A1 bis A4 des Verkaufsstellengeräts (3),Markieren einer Speicherseite (13) im Datenspeicher (30), deren Platzgruppe P1 den gleichen Inhalt aufweist wie der Arbeitsspeicherplatz A1,Entscheiden: Falls die Flagge F1 gleich Null ist, Rücksetzen des Inhalts des Arbeitsspeicherplatzes A3 auf Null,Umwandeln der Information über den bezahlten Geldbetrag in eine Anzahl neuer Werteinheiten,Addieren der Anzahl neuer Werteinheiten zum Inhalt des Arbeitsspeicherplatzes A3,Kopieren der Inhalte der Arbeitsspeicherplätze A1 bis A4 auf die markierte Speicherseite (13) und in die Speichergruppe S1 bis S4 des Speichers (9),Löschen der Markierung der Speicherseite (13) und des Inhalts der Arbeitsspeicherplätze A1 bis A4.Setzen der Flagge F1 im Speicher (9) auf F1 = 1 undRückgabe der Datenkarte (2) zum Rücktransport zum Messgerät (1). - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Restwert von am Ort des Kunden (4) installierten Verbrauchergeräten (34) parallel zum Verbrauch der Ware (5) mit den Werteinheiten amortisiert wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Information über den bezahlten Geldbetrag über eine Eingabetastatur (12) dem Verkaufsstellengerät (3) mitgeteilt und die entsprechende Anzahl Werteinheiten zum Inhalt des Arbeitsspeicherplatzes A3 addiert wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Information über den bezahlten Geldbetrag von einem Automaten (37) direkt in das Verkaufsstellengerät (3) übertragen und die entsprechende Anzahl Werteinheiten zum Inhalt des Arbeitsspeicherplatzes A3 addiert wird.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH1417/96 | 1996-06-05 | ||
CH141796 | 1996-06-05 | ||
CH141796 | 1996-06-05 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0811957A2 EP0811957A2 (de) | 1997-12-10 |
EP0811957A3 EP0811957A3 (de) | 2002-04-10 |
EP0811957B1 true EP0811957B1 (de) | 2003-10-15 |
Family
ID=4209970
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19970100832 Expired - Lifetime EP0811957B1 (de) | 1996-06-05 | 1997-01-21 | Verfahren zum Bezahlen von Waren und Dienstleistungen |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0811957B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE59710847D1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2208776T3 (de) |
PT (1) | PT811957E (de) |
TR (1) | TR199600586A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2784484B1 (fr) * | 1998-10-07 | 2000-11-24 | Cahors App Elec | Systeme et procede de communication par carte a puce dans un reseau de distribution d'energie ou de fluide |
FR2803663B1 (fr) * | 2000-01-07 | 2002-05-03 | Schneider Electric Ind Sa | Dispositif de controle d'energie a prepaiement permettant d'effectuer un relever |
GB2376125B (en) * | 2001-06-01 | 2005-02-23 | Siemens Metering Ltd | Improvements in or relating to utility pre payment systems |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4240030A (en) * | 1978-12-14 | 1980-12-16 | Bateman Jess R | Intelligent electric utility meter |
GB8614620D0 (en) * | 1986-06-16 | 1986-07-23 | Schlumberger Electronics Uk | Commodity metering systems |
JPH07104891B2 (ja) | 1986-08-05 | 1995-11-13 | 沖電気工業株式会社 | 取引処理装置 |
GB8716987D0 (en) | 1987-07-18 | 1987-08-26 | Smith Meters Ltd | Commodity meters |
GB2208955A (en) * | 1987-08-19 | 1989-04-19 | Gen Electric Plc | Prepayment systems for supply of a commodity |
US4795892A (en) * | 1987-12-09 | 1989-01-03 | Cic Systems, Inc. | Pre-paid commodity system |
DE9110840U1 (de) * | 1991-08-02 | 1992-03-05 | Barth, Detlef, 6072 Dreieich | Gebühreneinziehendes Freischaltgerät für Stromverbraucher |
ATE148800T1 (de) * | 1991-09-27 | 1997-02-15 | Schlumberger Ind Ltd | Vorausbezahlungssystem |
GB9121995D0 (en) | 1991-10-16 | 1991-11-27 | Jonhig Ltd | Value transfer system |
GB9125554D0 (en) * | 1991-11-30 | 1992-01-29 | Schlumberger Ind Ltd | Prepayment water metering systems |
EP0545549A1 (de) | 1991-11-30 | 1993-06-09 | Schlumberger Industries Limited | Vorbezahlungssysteme |
GB2285705B (en) * | 1993-11-30 | 1998-04-15 | Schlumberger Ind Ltd | Prepayment systems |
-
1996
- 1996-07-16 TR TR96/00586A patent/TR199600586A2/xx unknown
-
1997
- 1997-01-21 PT PT97100832T patent/PT811957E/pt unknown
- 1997-01-21 DE DE59710847T patent/DE59710847D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-01-21 ES ES97100832T patent/ES2208776T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-01-21 EP EP19970100832 patent/EP0811957B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
PT811957E (pt) | 2004-03-31 |
TR199600586A3 (tr) | 1997-12-21 |
ES2208776T3 (es) | 2004-06-16 |
DE59710847D1 (de) | 2003-11-20 |
EP0811957A2 (de) | 1997-12-10 |
EP0811957A3 (de) | 2002-04-10 |
TR199600586A2 (xx) | 1997-12-21 |
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