EP0807725A1 - Security device for skylight openings - Google Patents

Abstract

The safety device has safety rods, tubes or steel fabric matting integrated in a frame (1) made from profiled sections (2,3,4,5) which have steam-tight joints and steam-tight socket bores (7) to take the rods or tubes. The profiled sections have on at least one of their long ends an angled tab (6) which during assembly of the frame joins with the relevant other end of a further profiled section so that the profiled sections have a substantially U-shaped cross-section. A sealing strip is inserted at the join between the tab of one profiled section and the end of the adjoining section remote from the tab.

Description

The invention relates to a safety device for roof openings with safety bars or safety tubes or a steel mesh mat integrated in a frame.

Such safety devices are used to provide protection against falling through open roof openings during the construction phase or during maintenance work. The main aim is to prevent people from falling through open roof openings; protection against larger heavy objects falling through should also be provided. In particular when building ventilation and light installation elements on roofs, work is often carried out in the area of unprotected roof openings, so that there is a risk of accidents which could result in serious injuries and even be fatal.

There is also a need to secure the roof openings against burglary.

From the German utility models G 91 05 567 and G 91 10 266 kits for safety devices for roof openings are known, in which the opening cross-section of the roof opening is secured against falling through with a plank frame and a grid. The screed frame is arranged under a skylight base and laid around the roof opening from the outside. A disadvantage of these so-called "substructure solutions" for securing a roof opening is, however, the structural enlargement caused by the additional installation of the screed frame. This can also affect the visual impression. Furthermore, an additional installation element brings additional weaknesses with it. For example, Problems with tightness at the joints of the screed frame and at the mounting points of the safety device with respect to the insulation, which require additional work for sealing. Furthermore, follow-up work is necessary to adjust the height differences.

A safety device is known from German utility model G 91 02 602, in which fastening means are provided on the inside in a separate roof frame, to which a fall-through protection can be attached. This type of securing roof openings also has the disadvantage of tightness problems compared to the building structure. Furthermore, this type of security device offers only very limited protection against burglary, since the blocking of the roof opening can be removed relatively easily from the outside.

Another problem of the known safety devices for roof openings is that they are usually designed as one-piece profile frames and are therefore not suitable for different thicknesses of insulation material or are adaptable to existing dimensional situations.

It is the object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, a securing device for roof openings is to be created, which seals well against the building structure, in particular towards the roof structure. Furthermore, the object of the invention is also to provide a securing device which can be used for different insulation material thicknesses and is adaptable to existing dimensional situations.

Such problems are solved according to the invention in that the frame of the securing device is constructed from profile parts with vapor-tight joints and has vapor-tight receiving bores for securing bars or securing tubes secured to it.

Insulating material is introduced into the frame and the subsequent roof section. Moisture penetrating through the joints or the receiving bores for the rods or pipes or the rod ends of the steel mesh mat would have negative effects on the insulating material. Moisturized insulation material can no longer fulfill its function. Such penetration of moisture is advantageously avoided by the configuration according to the invention. Due to the vapor-tight joints, the insulating material behind the frame profile remains dry and can maintain its insulating effect for a long time. Another advantage of the securing device for roof openings according to the invention is that sealing work at the construction site is no longer necessary, i.e. Labor and capital costs can be reduced.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the securing device is designed in such a way that the profile parts are provided on at least one of their longitudinal ends with an angled, in particular right-angled tab, which is assembled when the frame is assembled with the other end of a further profile part, the profile parts are substantially U-shaped in cross-section.

The advantage of this choice of profile lies in its simple manufacture and in the fact that the tabs, when they come to lie in the angled state during assembly on the ends of another profile part that are just running out, form a large sealing surface there. This ensures an excellent seal. In particular, a rectangular frame configuration is preferred here, in which four profile parts each rest with the tab on the straight end of the subsequent profile part from the outside.

At the joint between such a tab of a profile part and the end of the other profile part facing away from the tab, a sealing tape is preferably introduced, which can have an excellent sealing effect.

It is possible to insert sealing sleeves for the sealing between the bars or tubes and the mounting holes in the frame in the mounting holes for the locking rods or locking tubes and for the rod ends of the steel mesh mat. Such sealing grommets support the rods or tubes to a small extent, but are vapor-tight in the receiving bores; they are made of plastic material or rubber.

In an embodiment of the securing device according to the invention, the rods or tubes are secured behind their point of passage in the interior of the profile by securing means against being pulled out of the receiving bores. The safety devices installed inside the profile at the factory are completely inaccessible from the outside when the frame is installed in the roof opening. Although they allow some play in the displaceability of the rods or tubes, they prevent them from being pulled out of the receiving bores. The security against burglary is thus guaranteed. Clamping rings, nuts, notched rivets or notched pins can preferably be used as securing means at the ends of the rods or tubes. Basically, all known securing means against pulling out a rod or a tube from a bore can be used. The rod ends of a steel mesh mat can be provided with anti-slip devices which consist of rope clamps, two adjacent rod ends in particular being connected to one another by means of a pressed rope clamp.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one support web runs transversely to the securing rods or tubes through which the rods or tubes pass.

From a certain length, for example from 1.5 to 2 m, there is a risk that, due to the elasticity and flexibility of the rod or tube material, a body striking the securing device will cause a momentary or permanent deformation and will fall through the formed grille . In addition, with long lengths of the rods or tubes, it is much easier to force them apart, which of course reduces burglary resistance. To solve these problems, a support web mentioned above, which has bores for the bars or tubes, is placed transversely over the bars or pipes applied. The rods go through the mounting holes in the support web; if, for example, a support web is attached and fastened in the middle of the bars, it is no longer possible to bend the bars or tubes apart. Depending on the length of the bars or tubes, several support bars can of course also be used.

An important task of the support bridge is its function as a load distributor. The load that acts on an object, for example, on only one or two rods or tubes is distributed through the support web to all rods or tubes; breakthrough security is increased.

Different types of support bars can be used. A flat bar with through holes for the bars or tubes is conceivable, for example, as a simple embodiment of the support web. Furthermore, the support web can have a hollow cross section, in particular a U-shaped cross section, and through bores for the rods or tubes.

The support web is advantageously locked on the rods or tubes so that it can no longer be moved laterally. There are also various design options for such a fastening. A simple variant is the welding of the support web to individual bars or tubes, and preferably to the outermost, although the free rotation of these bars or tubes is no longer provided, but a secure hold of the support web is ensured.

Furthermore, there is the possibility of mechanically deforming some rods or tubes at points which are next to the through holes in the support web in such a way that bulges which arise prevent the web from being moved laterally. In the case of the flat bar, the tube can be squeezed to the left and right of the web, for example, while a U-shaped cross section of the web can suffice for a pinch point within the web profile.

Clamps or clamps attached to the bars or tubes and fixed there so that they cannot move can also be used to secure the web.

A particularly high level of security against burglary is ensured by an embodiment according to the invention, in which a roller rod is inserted in the security rods or tubes and / or in the hollow support web. The bars or tubes and the support web are hollow on the inside, the roller bar is simply inserted into this cavity. Such a roller bar can for example consist of a very hard metal. The effect of the roller bar is as follows: If someone tries to saw through the bars or tubes or the support web, this is just still possible with the outer hollow body, since this can be held from the outside and thus forms sufficient resistance for the saw movement. Once the hollow section of the bars or the support web is sawn through, the saw blade hits the roller bar, which is freely rotatably mounted in the cavity. The roller bar will carry out every longitudinal movement of the saw blade as a rotary motion, and the saw blade will not find a stop because the bar practically always rolls along it. This sawing through this construction has become practically impossible. Even when using a hand angle grinder, severing the safety tubes is made much more difficult by the effect described above.

Another object of the present invention, namely to produce the adaptability of the frame to different predetermined insulation material thicknesses, is achieved in that a securing device according to the invention is constructed in such a way that the frame consists of an upper and a lower profile part which can be assembled into profile frames of different heights .

The layers of insulation on the edge of roof openings are not the same thickness everywhere. This creates the problem with prefabricated frames that no uniform, cross-sectionally U-shaped profiles can be used, but that they have to be adapted to the building situation. This involves additional work and thus additional costs in the production of the profile frames. However, if the profiles are designed according to the invention such that an upper profile frame, which consists, for example, of four L-shaped profile parts in cross section, and a lower profile frame are provided, which in turn consists of four L-shaped profile parts in cross section, a kit is obtained from the two frames, which can be adapted on the spot to a given dimensional situation of the insulating materials. The lower frame can be assembled first, whereby the protruding, in cross-section L-shaped upwards running on the outer edge of the insulation piece of the lower frame encloses part of the insulation material. Then the upper frame can be placed in such a way that its L-shaped cross-sectional profile protruding downwards comes to lie closely against the upwardly projecting profile piece of the lower frame, as a result of which the insulating material is completely enclosed. Variable layers of insulation material can be enclosed by a variable overlap of the two named profile pieces.

The two-part frame designs just described can also take all of the forms described above for one-piece frame designs. The interior of the profile can be sealed on site, in particular using sealing film. In this case, the use of sealing tapes on the tabs of the profile side parts is no longer necessary.

Fig. 1

eine erfindungsgemäße Sicherungsvorrichtung für Dachdurchbrüche in einer Ansicht von oben mit einem Teilwegbruch links oben sowie im Querschnitt, zusammen mit zwei Stützstegquerschnitten;

Fig. 2

einen Querschnitt einer in einem Dachdurchbruch montierten Sicherungsvorrichtung nach Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

eine obere Ansicht und einen Querschnitt durch eine Sicherungsvorrichtung für Dachbrüche gemäß einer Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung mit zweiteiligem Rahmen;

Fig. 4

einen Querschnitt einer erfindungsgemäßen Sicherungsvorrichtung nach Fig. 3, die in einem Dachdurchbruch montiert ist;

Fig. 5

eine obere Ansicht und einen Querschnitt einer erfindungsgemäßen Sicherungseinrichtung mit einteiligem Rahmen und einer Stahlgewebematte;

Fig. 6

eine obere Ansicht und einen Querschnitt einer erfindungsgemäßen Sicherungseinrichtung mit zweiteiligem Rahmen und einer Stahlgewebematte;

Fig 7-13

Ausführungsformen für die Verwendung verschiedener Sicherungsmittel bei der Sicherung der Rohre einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung im Profilinnenraum; und

Fig 14-17

Ausführungsformen für die Verwendung verschiedener Sicherungsmittel bei der Sicherung der Stahlgewebematte einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung im Profilinnenraum.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying figures. Show it:

Fig. 1

a safety device according to the invention for roof openings in a view from above with a partial path break left above and in cross section, together with two support web cross sections;

Fig. 2

a cross section of a safety device mounted in a roof opening according to Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

a top view and a cross section through a securing device for roof breaks according to an embodiment of the present invention with two-part frame;

Fig. 4

a cross section of a safety device according to the invention of Figure 3, which is mounted in a roof opening.

Fig. 5

an upper view and a cross section of a safety device according to the invention with a one-piece frame and a steel mesh mat;

Fig. 6

an upper view and a cross section of a safety device according to the invention with a two-part frame and a steel mesh mat;

Fig 7-13

Embodiments for the use of various securing means for securing the tubes of a device according to the invention in the interior of the profile; and

Fig 14-17

Embodiments for the use of various securing means for securing the steel mesh mat of a device according to the invention in the interior of the profile.

FIG. 1 shows a top view of a securing device for roof openings in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention. Shown is a closed frame 1, which consists of the profile parts 2, 3, 4 and 5, which are connected to one another in a manner as will be described later. In the interior of the frame 1 there are securing tubes 8 anchored in the profile parts 3 and 5, which are secured against bending apart by a support web 10 which extends across these tubes 8.

Each profile part 2, 3, 4 and 5 is, as can be seen in the cross-sectional view shown in the upper part of FIG. 1, U-shaped and has a right-angled tab 6 at one end. The bases of the U-shaped profile parts are shown in dashed lines where they are hidden, and are shown in solid lines in the cut-out at the top left edge. Here it becomes clear how the L-shaped tab piece 6 lies at right angles to the end piece of the adjoining profile part. This creates a sealing surface that is large enough to create a vapor-tight connection. A sealing tape 20 is provided between the tab surface and the adjacent surface of the next profile part, which ensures the sealing.

In the lower left of Fig. 1, two cross-sectional representations of support webs are shown through the safety tubes. The support web shown on the left is designed as a flat steel, the right as a U-profile. In addition, a roller bar 13 with the function already described is introduced into the U-profile.

A cross section through a securing device described above, which is mounted in a roof opening, is shown in FIG. 2. On top of the security device is a Mounted curb, which is not labeled and will not be described further.

The two U-shaped profile parts 5 and 3, into which insulating material can be introduced, are visible in cross section from the securing device. On the left profile part 5, the receiving bore 7 is designated, in which a sealing sleeve 9 is inserted. The safety tube 8 passes through the sealing sleeve and is secured behind the base wall of the U-shaped profile piece 5 with a clamping ring 11 against being pushed out to the right.

The attachment to the profile part 3 on the opposite side is also carried out. The sealing sleeves 9 prevent moisture penetration into the interior of the profile in a vapor-tight manner and thus damage to the insulating material.

In the right-hand area of the tube 8, this is shown cut open, as a result of which a roller rod 16 is visible which is inserted into the tube 8. As already described, this roller bar serves as protection against possible sawing.

The support web 10 is visible in cross-section in the middle and transverse to the tubes. The tube 8 runs through a bore in the legs of the support web 10 through this, as well as all other tubes, not shown. As also already described, the support web serves to distribute the load on the lattice in the event of an impact on heavy objects and to secure the pipes 8 against bending apart.

Another roller bar 13 is inserted over the tubes 8 in the interior of the support web 10 to rotate freely. This roller bar 13 has the same effect against sawing attempts, as previously described.

It is further described how a securing device for roof openings is manufactured and assembled in accordance with the embodiment described above.

The kit for the safety device is assembled in the factory according to the specified dimensions and delivered ready for installation to the place of use. The profile frame 1 is created by joining the individual profile side parts 2, 3, 4 and 5, with the joining surfaces a sealing tape 20 is inserted in the tabs 6. Before the securing rods 8 and the rolling rods 16 are drawn in, the sealing sleeves 9 are inserted into the receiving bores 7. For a more favorable load distribution, the safety tube 8 is mounted in a support web 10 which has a roller bar 13 lying on the safety tubes 8. The number of support webs 10 depends on the size of the roof opening.

Finally, the ends of the securing tubes 4 emerging laterally on the frame are secured against displacement and removal by means of the securing means, here the clamping disks 11. This takes place in an area that is no longer accessible after the construction of the bodywork, as a result of which the requirements for security against burglary are met.

FIG. 3 shows a securing device according to a two-part embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is particularly suitable for adapting the height of the frames to the respective installation situation, that is to say the dimensions of the sealing materials.

FIG. 3 shows a cross section through a securing device at the top and a view of its lower frame part 12 at the bottom. To avoid repetition, reference is made here to the description of FIG. 1 as far as matching components are concerned, in particular as regards the joint connections by means of the tabs 6 for these joint locations. The difference in the cross section of FIG. 3 from the embodiment of FIG. 1 relates to the fact that this embodiment has a lower frame 1 and an upper frame 12, each consisting of four profile parts. In the lower frame 1, the safety tubes 8 are fastened as previously explained. The upper frame part 12 is inserted into the lower frame as shown by the arrow. The L-shaped downward and upward projecting profile parts 18 and 19 of the upper and lower frame parts 12 and 1 come together to overlap. Depending on the thickness of the insulation material to be enclosed, the overlap will be larger or smaller. However, there is sufficient tolerance for the most common insulation thicknesses. This frame is preferably sealed on site, in particular using sealing film.

FIG. 4 is a sectional illustration corresponding to FIG. 2 of a securing device mounted in a roof opening according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The tube holder in the lower profile frame 1 corresponds to that which is shown in Fig. 2 and the explanation of which reference is made here. 4 shows in particular how such a securing device looks in the assembled state. The profile parts 18 and 19 of the upper and lower frame 12 and 1 overlap over a certain distance. As a result, these two cross-sectionally L-shaped profile sections form a composite U-shaped profile section that can surround the insulating material. The overlap area is made to fit exactly. Nevertheless, this joint can also be sealed.

The manufacturing sequence for the embodiment with an upper and a lower frame 12, 1 is the following: The lower part of the kit is delivered to the place of use, fully assembled. The lower profile frame 1 is created by joining the individual profile side parts 2, 3, 4 and 5, the bent tabs 6 always reaching behind the next side part and thus specifying the desired clear dimension.

After the lower frame part 1 has been assembled, the sealing sleeves 9 are inserted into the receiving bores 7 for the securing rods 8.

For a more favorable load distribution, the securing tubes 8 are inserted into the bores 7 of the side profiles 3, 5 in support webs 10. The number of support webs in turn depends on the size of the roof opening.

Finally, the rod ends of the securing rods 8 emerging laterally on the lower profile frame are secured against displacement and pulling out with rod fastenings, here clamping rings 11. This takes place in an area that is no longer accessible after the entire structure has been completed, which means that the burglar resistance requirements are also met here.

The upper frame 12 is also delivered fully assembled to the place of use. After installing the lower frame 1 at the roof opening, the insulation is installed on site and sealed. The upper mold frame is then placed on the lower one and connected to one another at the overlapping side walls 18, 19.

FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the securing device according to the invention, the frame 1 of which is configured in one piece, as in the embodiment according to FIG. With regard to the frame 1, reference is also made here to the description of the embodiment according to FIG. 1.

In contrast to the embodiment according to FIG. 1, a steel mesh mat 30 is used as fall protection in the frame 1 in that of FIG. 4. The rod ends 31 of the mat 30 project through bores in the profile side panels in the interior thereof. Behind the holes, the rod ends 31 are bent to prevent slipping so that two neighboring ones run parallel over a distance. In this section, the two rod ends are permanently connected to a pressed cable clamp 32. Slipping of the rod ends in the loaded state is prevented.

FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of the securing device according to the invention, the frame 1, 12 of which, as in the embodiment according to FIG. 3, is configured in two parts as the upper frame part 12 and the lower frame part 1. With regard to the frame 1, 12, reference is again made to the description of the embodiment according to FIG. 3.

In contrast to the embodiment according to FIG. 3, in the case of FIG. 6, as in FIG. 5, a steel mesh mat 30 is used as fall protection in the frame 1. The fastening of the rod ends 31 of the mat 30 in the lower frame part 1 corresponds to that previously for the Figure 5 has been explained.

Options for securing the securing tubes 8 against being pulled out of the receiving bores 7 are described below with reference to FIGS. 7 to 13.

There are further possibilities for the preferred use of a clamping ring (see FIGS. 2 and 4, reference number 11 and also FIG. 8, reference number 42). 7 shows a securing device by a nut 41, which is screwed onto a thread at the end of the securing tube 8 is.

In Fig. 9 it is clear how the tube 8 can be fastened by a notch pin 43. 10, the securing at the end of the tube 8 is carried out by a fitting screw 44 screwed in transversely thereto, which extends perpendicularly to the tube 8 in the inside of the profile. 11 shows an alternative possibility of a permanent connection. One end of the tube 8 has an upset 45 which prevents it from slipping out of the receptacle. FIG. 12 shows a securing means by means of a flat snap ring 46, while finally FIG. 12 shows the use of a snap ring 47 with a round cross section, which is prevented by means of a retaining washer 48 from expanding and sliding off.

FIG. 14 shows in a detail from a securing device according to the invention three basic options for securing the rod ends 31 of a steel mesh mat 30 against slipping out of the bores in the profile when loaded.

The slip protection marked on the left in FIG. 14 is shown in an enlargement in FIG. 15. In this variant, two adjacent rod ends 31 are bent so that they run parallel over a certain length. Before the bending process, a cable clamp 32 is threaded, which is positioned after the bending so that it comes to rest centrally on the rod ends 31. The rope clamp is then pressed homogeneously onto the mesh fabric rods using a special tool.

An anti-slip device, as it is highlighted by the central marking in FIG. 14, can be seen enlarged in FIG. 16. If two adjacent rod ends 31 are not long enough to overlap one another in the bent state, an additional rod-shaped lattice piece 33 is inserted into the pre-positioned cable clamp on the bent rod end 31. Then the two parts are pressed together. The additional lattice piece 33 locks the rod end 31 on the bore in the event of a tensile load.

The slip protection highlighted on the right in FIG. 14 is shown again in an enlargement in FIG. The rod ends 31 protruding through the receiving bores in the side parts of the upstand are in this case equipped with round cable clamps then firmly molded onto the wire rods using a special tool. These simple rope clamps are also able to safely prevent the rod ends from slipping.

Claims (11)

Securing device for roof openings
with safety bars or safety tubes (8) or a steel mesh mat (30) integrated in a frame (1),
characterized in that
the frame (1) is constructed from profile parts (2, 3, 4, 5) with vapor-tight joints and has vapor-tight receiving bores (7) for securing rods or securing tubes (8) secured to it. Safety device according to claim 1, characterized in that the profile parts (2, 3, 4, 5) are provided on at least one of their longitudinal ends with an angled, in particular a right-angled tab (6) which, when the frame (1) is assembled, with the respective other end of another profile part is joined, the Profile parts in cross section are substantially U-shaped. Securing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a sealing tape is introduced at the joint between the tab (6) of a profile part (2) and the end of the adjacent profile part (3) facing away from the tab. Safety device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in the receiving bores (7) for the safety rods or safety tubes (4) or the rod ends (31) of the steel mesh mat (30) sealing sleeves (9) for sealing between the rods or Pipes and the mounting holes (7) in the frame (1) are introduced. Securing device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the rods or tubes (4) behind their point of passage in the interior of the profile by means of securing means (11), preferably clamping rings, nuts, notched rivets, notch pins or the like, against being pulled out of the receiving bores ( 7) are secured, while the rod ends (1) of the steel mesh mat (30) are provided with anti-slip devices which consist of rope clamps (32), two adjacent rod ends (31) in particular being connected to one another by means of a pressed rope clamp (32). Securing device according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one supporting web (10) extends transversely to the securing rods or tubes (4), through which the rods or tubes (4) pass. Safety device according to claim 6, characterized in that the support web (10) is a flat bar with through-bores for the bars or tubes (4). Safety device according to claim 6, characterized in that the supporting web (10) has a hollow cross section, in particular a U-shaped cross section, and through bores for the rods or tubes (4). Safety device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a roller rod (13) is introduced into the safety rods or tubes (4) and / or in the hollow support web (10). Securing device with securing rods or securing tubes (4) integrated in a frame (1, 12), in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the frame consists of upper profile parts (15, 17) and lower profile parts (2, 3, 4, 5), which can be assembled into profile frames of different heights. Safety device according to claim 10, characterized in that the upper and lower profile parts (2, 3, 4, 5, 15, 17) are each L-shaped in cross-section and spaced from one another such that when the upper frame (12) is placed on the lower frame (1) one leg of the L-profile of the upper frame (12) comes to rest on one leg of the L-profile of the lower frame (1).

Images