EP0804653A1 - Building elements for dry mounting variable-angle retaining walls - Google Patents

Building elements for dry mounting variable-angle retaining walls

Info

Publication number
EP0804653A1
EP0804653A1 EP95907042A EP95907042A EP0804653A1 EP 0804653 A1 EP0804653 A1 EP 0804653A1 EP 95907042 A EP95907042 A EP 95907042A EP 95907042 A EP95907042 A EP 95907042A EP 0804653 A1 EP0804653 A1 EP 0804653A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grooves
elements
row
face
faces
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95907042A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0804653B1 (en
Inventor
Jacqueline Scagni
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0804653A1 publication Critical patent/EP0804653A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0804653B1 publication Critical patent/EP0804653B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/025—Retaining or protecting walls made up of similar modular elements stacked without mortar
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/39—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings characterised by special adaptations, e.g. serving for locating conduits, for forming soffits, cornices, or shelves, for fixing wall-plates or door-frames, for claustra
    • E04C1/395—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings characterised by special adaptations, e.g. serving for locating conduits, for forming soffits, cornices, or shelves, for fixing wall-plates or door-frames, for claustra for claustra, fences, planting walls, e.g. sound-absorbing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0213—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of round shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0256—Special features of building elements
    • E04B2002/026—Splittable building elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to building elements for dry mounting retaining walls.
  • the elements have the overall shape of a rectangular parallelepiped and have means which allow a variable inclination of the retaining walls according to the thrust of the slope or the aesthetic effect that one wishes to obtain.
  • FR-A-2. 621. 629 relates to a device making it possible to block plugs therebetween to prevent their sliding between them in a horizontal row and between superimposed rows as well as to allow the possible installation of reinforcements. It consists of vertical grooves with a triangular profile on two or four lateral faces, triangular notches on all or part of the two or four upper and / or lower edges. These notches are also used to adjust the slope for the embankment; holes in the side walls for the possible passage of horizontal reinforcements. These three devices can be used in combination with one another or separately.
  • the building element comprises a front panel as well as a plurality of projecting arms.
  • the front panel has front and rear walls, side walls, and top and bottom walls.
  • the arms extend from the rear wall of the front panel and each arm has a wall upper, lower wall, rear wall as well as side walls.
  • the upper and lower walls of these bra each have crenellated contacting configurations intended to facilitate stacking of at least part of the projecting bra of a building element, on at least part of the projecting arm of a other construction element and intended to prevent relative sliding movement between the construction elements.
  • These construction elements can be used to construct a support wall and a soil reinforcement subsystem, which includes one or more free support construction elements and at least one grill structure positioned behind each of them. building elements.
  • the first cited document does not allow the lateral abutment of two neighboring construction elements in a coplanar manner. During a conventional abutment, there will be a shift between the upper notches of each of the adjacent elements, so that it will be impossible to place, above these two elements, another element.
  • the second document provides elements that do not have ⁇ of side faces that can be put side by side and in touch. Generally, this type of element allows an overlap between the elements with empty spaces filled by the supported slope.
  • the present invention provides building elements which can be brought into contact with each other laterally and whose different rows placed above are adjustable in depth, so that the inclination of the retaining wall is adjustable.
  • Document US-4. 860.505 proposes a building block capable of being positioned in the middle of other identical blocks, which comprises an essentially parallelepipedic body having front, rear, upper and lower faces, as well as two lateral faces.
  • the lower face has several grooves, all of substantially identical shapes, parallel to the front face and extending over the entire width of said lower face, from one side to the other. These grooves are of constant section and spaced at regular distance from each other over this entire face.
  • the upper face of the block comprises at least two tongues parallel to the grooves and of complementary shape, the tongues being able to be inserted in certain grooves.
  • the present invention proposes, unlike this document, much simpler construction elements since the number of grooves and tongues is much more reduced.
  • a single tab is sufficient on the underside of the block, which allows for a maximum horizontal contact surface, and two grooves allow for at least two positions for adjusting the inclination of the wall.
  • the presence on the upper face of a minimum of grooves makes it possible, at the level of a row of construction elements in the upper position not covered, to have a minimum of concavities of retention of water and detritus; it follows that the elements according to the invention better withstand contrasting climatic regions and have a longer service life.
  • the revegetation of the blocks according to US-A-4,860,505 is not planned.
  • Document FR-A-2. 675. 835 has for its object an element the body of which is generally par 1 elepipedic, elongated along a longitudinal tudinal axis and having a length twice the length desired for construction. Median transverse precut grooves are provided on the two opposite main faces, which also include transverse positioning ribs. The fracture of the block in two parts produces irregular faces giving the appearance of the stone. The fracture is facilitated by the presence of certain transverse positio- ⁇ - ⁇ ement ribs.
  • a building element for dry mounting retaining walls or the like of substantially rectangular rectangular shape, which comprises, on the upper face, at least two grooves, and on the lower face, at least one tongue, and whose side faces are smooth and can be butted, so that the front and rear faces of the construction elements are coplanar and that the tongues, as well as the grooves, are placed in the extension of each other, so that certain grooves upper faces of the elements forming a lower row allow the fitting of certain tabs of an upper and adjacent row, is characterized by the fact that the number of grooves on the upper face is greater than the number of tabs on the lower face, so that the position of the tabs d a row of elements, placed in the upper position relative to the grooves of a row of elements, placed in the lower position, can be chosen as a function of the
  • the tongues and the grooves have a cross section of semi-circular shape.
  • Each element is provided with at least one fracture zone so that, when the fracture has been effected, the new face of the element thus created has an aspect of exploded stone.
  • a fracture zone is present substantially parallel to the front and rear faces of the element and halfway between these two faces, so that each half-element is provided with at least one tongue and at least two grooves.
  • 'A fracture zone is present substantially parallel to the front and rear faces of the element and near said ace avan.
  • the tongues and the grooves have a cross section of semi-circular shape.
  • the tongues and the grooves are parallel to each other and also to the front and rear faces of each element where they are installed.
  • the element At the level of the fracture zone, the element has a groove on its upper face and a groove on the lower face, which facilitates the fracture of the element.
  • Figure 1 shows a building element in profile view.
  • FIG. 2 represents a front view along F of FIG. 1.
  • Figure 3 shows the same element as in Figure 1, from the same angle but after the building element has been split in two according to a fracture zone.
  • Figure 4 shows a retaining wall, seen in perspective, which is constructed using the building elements.
  • FIG. 5 represents a retaining wall whose inclination is zero.
  • Figures 6, 7, 8 show retaining walls whose inclinations are increasing.
  • FIG. 9 represents a pillar produced using construction elements which have been previously fractured, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the present invention relates to a building element 1 which allows dry mounting of retaining walls 2 or even pillars 12. No element of the prior art allows this dual use for the manufacture of walls and pillars.
  • the elements' Building 1 are of substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. They are also characterized by the fact that they have an upper face and a lower face, each of these faces receiving grooves 3 and tongues 4 respectively. Conversely, the lateral faces 5 of the elements 1 are smooth and can be easily abutted to each other, which makes it possible to have front 6 and rear 7 faces of said construction elements 1 which are coplanar.
  • the number of grooves 3, carried by the upper face, is necessarily greater than the number of tongues 4 on the lower face, this in order to allow the tongues 4 to have a large number of positions inside the grooves 3 of the adjacent row of elements 1.
  • the number of grooves 3 is ten on each element 1 shown in the figures, while the number of tabs 4 is six.
  • the offset which may be brought between the lower row and the just upper row of the construction elements 1 will make it possible to have an inclination which will be adjustable as a function of the retaining wall that one wishes to obtain, or even of the force exerted by the slope on the retaining wall 2.
  • the construction elements 1 therefore necessarily have at least one tongue 4 and at least two grooves 3. This therefore makes it possible to have at least two possible combinations at the level of the wall.
  • a row may have a certain offset with respect to the underlying row while the row which is just above it will have a different offset. This may give an original aesthetic appearance to the wall 2.
  • Each element 1 is provided with two fracture zones 8 and 10, one 8 is located parallel to the front 6 and rear 7 faces of the element 1 and halfway between these two faces 6 and 7, the other 10 is present substantially parallel to the front 6 and rear 7 faces of the element 1, but near said front face 6.
  • the new face 9 or 16 of the element 1 thus created has the appearance of a broken stone.
  • the front part of the construction element 1 can receive a space which makes it possible to revegetate the element 1. This downstream space is not shown in the figures.
  • the tongues 4 and the grooves 3 have a cross section in the form of a semicircle. These semi-circular shapes are compatible with the proper fitting of the tongues 4 into the grooves 3.
  • the production of the pillar 12 shown in FIG. 9 can be the result of construction elements 1 which have been previously fractured along the fracture zone 8, which creates front construction elements 13 and rear 14 . Nevertheless, it is obvious that complete elements 1 can be used for the realization of such a pillar. Likewise, two stacks of juxtaposed elements 1, etc. can be used.
  • the top of the pillar 12 includes a cap 15 which protects the entire structure of said pillar 12.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Retaining Walls (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)

Abstract

A substantially box-shaped rectangular building element (1) for dry mounting retaining walls (2) and the like. The top surface of the element comprises at least two grooves (3), the bottom surface comprises at least one projection (4), and the side surfaces (5) are smooth and may be placed in abutment, whereby the front (6) and back surfaces of the building elements (1) are coplanar and both the projections (4) and the grooves (3) are mutually aligned so that some grooves (3) in the top surfaces of the elements (1) forming a lower row are engageable by some projections (4) on an adjacent upper row. The number of grooves (3) in the top surface is greater than the number of projections (4) on the bottom surface, so that the position of the projections (4) of one higher row of elements, relative to the grooves (3) of a lower row of elements, may be selected according to the desired angle of the retaining wall (2). Furthermore, each element comprises a lower space in which vegetation can develop. Said building element may be used to build retaining walls, pillar-reinforcing banks, etc.

Description

ELEMENTS DE CONSTRUCTION POUR MONTER A SEC DES MURS DE SOUTENEMENT A INCLINAISON VARIABLE CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS FOR DRY MOUNTING VARIABLE TILT RETAINING WALLS
La présente invention a trait à des éléments de construction permettant de monter à sec des murs de soutènement. Les éléments ont la forme globale d'un parallélépipède rectangle et possèdent des moyens qui autorisent une inclinaison variable des .murs de soutènement en fonction de la poussée du talus ou de l'effet esthétique que l'on veut obtenir.The present invention relates to building elements for dry mounting retaining walls. The elements have the overall shape of a rectangular parallelepiped and have means which allow a variable inclination of the retaining walls according to the thrust of the slope or the aesthetic effect that one wishes to obtain.
Parmi l'état de la technique, certains documents proposent également des éléments de construction dont le chevauchement est variable en profondeur.Among the state of the art, certain documents also propose construction elements whose overlap is variable in depth.
Ainsi le document FR-A-2. 621 . 629 concerne un disposi tif permettant de bloquer entre eux des boisseaux pour empêcher leur glissement entre eux dans une rangée horizontale et entre des rangés superposées ainsi que pour permettre la pose éventuelle d'armatures . Il est constitué par des rainures verticales à profil triangulaire sur deux ou quatre faces latérales, des crans triangulaires sur tout ou partie des deux ou quatre arêtes supérieures et /ou inférieures . Ces crans servent aussi au réglage de la pente pour la réalisation de talus ; des trous dans les parois latérales pour le passage éventuel d'armatures horizontales . Ces trois disposi tifs peuvent être employés associés entre eux ou séparément .Thus document FR-A-2. 621. 629 relates to a device making it possible to block plugs therebetween to prevent their sliding between them in a horizontal row and between superimposed rows as well as to allow the possible installation of reinforcements. It consists of vertical grooves with a triangular profile on two or four lateral faces, triangular notches on all or part of the two or four upper and / or lower edges. These notches are also used to adjust the slope for the embankment; holes in the side walls for the possible passage of horizontal reinforcements. These three devices can be used in combination with one another or separately.
Le document WO-91.14833 concerne des éléments de construction destinés à retenir une masse de terre. De manière générale l 'élément de construction comprend un panneau frontal ainsi qu 'une plurali té de bras saillants. Ledit panneau frontal comporte des parois avant et arrière, des parois latérales ainsi que des parois supérieure et inférieure . Les bras s 'étendent à partir de la paroi arrière du panneau frontal et chaque bras présente une paroi supérieure, une paroi inférieure, une paroi arrière ainsi que des parois latérales . Les parois supérieure et inférieure de ces bra présentent chacune des configurations crénelées de mise en contact destinées à facili ter le gerbage d'au moins une partie du bra saillant d ' un élément de construction, sur au moins une partie du bras saillant d ' un autre élément de construction et destinées empêcher un mouvement de glissement relatif entre les éléments d construction . On peut utiliser ces éléments de construction afin de construire un mur de soutien et un sous-système de renforcement du sol , lequel comprend un ou plusieurs éléments de construction de soutien libre ainsi qu 'au moins une structure de grill posi tionnée derrière chacun desdi ts éléments de construction .Document WO-91.14833 relates to construction elements intended to retain a mass of earth. In general, the building element comprises a front panel as well as a plurality of projecting arms. The front panel has front and rear walls, side walls, and top and bottom walls. The arms extend from the rear wall of the front panel and each arm has a wall upper, lower wall, rear wall as well as side walls. The upper and lower walls of these bra each have crenellated contacting configurations intended to facilitate stacking of at least part of the projecting bra of a building element, on at least part of the projecting arm of a other construction element and intended to prevent relative sliding movement between the construction elements. These construction elements can be used to construct a support wall and a soil reinforcement subsystem, which includes one or more free support construction elements and at least one grill structure positioned behind each of them. building elements.
Le premier document cité ne permet pas l'aboutement latéral de deux éléments de construction voisins de manière coplanaire. Lors d'un aboutement classique, il y aura un décalage entre les crans supérieurs de chacun des éléments adjacents, de sorte qu'il sera impossible de poser, au-dessus de ces deux éléments, un autre élément.The first cited document does not allow the lateral abutment of two neighboring construction elements in a coplanar manner. During a conventional abutment, there will be a shift between the upper notches of each of the adjacent elements, so that it will be impossible to place, above these two elements, another element.
Le second document propose des éléments qui n'ont pas^ de faces latérales pouvant être mises côte à côte et en contact. Généralement, ce type d'éléments permet un chevauchement entre les éléments avec des espaces vides comblés par le talus soutenu.The second document provides elements that do not have ^ of side faces that can be put side by side and in touch. Generally, this type of element allows an overlap between the elements with empty spaces filled by the supported slope.
La présente invention propose des éléments de construction qui peuvent être mis en contact les uns avec les autres latéralement et dont les différentes rangées placées au-dessus sont réglables en profondeur, de sorte que l'inclinaison du mur de soutènement est réglable.The present invention provides building elements which can be brought into contact with each other laterally and whose different rows placed above are adjustable in depth, so that the inclination of the retaining wall is adjustable.
Le document US-4. 860.505 propose un bloc de construction apte à être posi tionné au milieu d'autres blocs identiques, qui comprend un corps essentiellement parallélépipédique ayant des faces avant, arrière, supérieure et inférieure, ainsi que deux faces latérales . La face inférieure possède plusieurs rainures, toutes de formes sensiblement ideniques, parallèles à la face avant et s 'étendant sur toute la largeur de ladite face inférieure, d'un côté à l 'autre . Ces rainures sont de section constante et espacées à distance régulière les unes des autres sur toute cette face. La face supérieure du bloc comporte au moins deux langruettes parallèles aux reinures et de forme complémentaire, les languettes pouvant s 'insérer dans certaines rainures .Document US-4. 860.505 proposes a building block capable of being positioned in the middle of other identical blocks, which comprises an essentially parallelepipedic body having front, rear, upper and lower faces, as well as two lateral faces. The lower face has several grooves, all of substantially identical shapes, parallel to the front face and extending over the entire width of said lower face, from one side to the other. These grooves are of constant section and spaced at regular distance from each other over this entire face. The upper face of the block comprises at least two tongues parallel to the grooves and of complementary shape, the tongues being able to be inserted in certain grooves.
La présente invention propose, au contraire de ce document, des éléments de construction bien plus simples puisque le nombre de rainures et de languettes est bien plus réduit. Une seule languette est suffisante sur la face inférieure du bloc, ce qui permet d'avoir une surface de contact horizontale maximale, et deux rainures permettent d'avoir au moins deux positions de réglage de l'inclinaison du mur. De plus, la présence sur la face supérieure d'un minimum de rainures permet, au niveau d'une rangée d'éléments de construction en positon supérieure non recouverte, d'avoir un minimum de concavités de rétention d'eaux et de détritus ; il s'ensuit que les éléments selon l'invention supportent mieux des régions climatiques contrastées et ont une durée de vie plus importante. Enfin, la végétalisation des blocs selon le brevet US-A-4.860.505 n'est pas prévue.The present invention proposes, unlike this document, much simpler construction elements since the number of grooves and tongues is much more reduced. A single tab is sufficient on the underside of the block, which allows for a maximum horizontal contact surface, and two grooves allow for at least two positions for adjusting the inclination of the wall. In addition, the presence on the upper face of a minimum of grooves makes it possible, at the level of a row of construction elements in the upper position not covered, to have a minimum of concavities of retention of water and detritus; it follows that the elements according to the invention better withstand contrasting climatic regions and have a longer service life. Finally, the revegetation of the blocks according to US-A-4,860,505 is not planned.
Le document FR-A-2. 675. 835 a pour but un élément dont le corps est généralement parai 1 èlépipédique , allongé selon un axe longi tudinal et présentant une longueur double de la longueur désirée pour la construction . Des rainures transversales médianes de précoupe sont prévues sur les deux faces principales opposées , qui comprennent également des nervures transversales de posi tionnement . La fracture du bloc en deux parties réalise des faces irrégulières donnant l 'aspect de la pierre . La fracture est facili tée par la présence de certaines nervures transversales de positio-π-πement.Document FR-A-2. 675. 835 has for its object an element the body of which is generally par 1 elepipedic, elongated along a longitudinal tudinal axis and having a length twice the length desired for construction. Median transverse precut grooves are provided on the two opposite main faces, which also include transverse positioning ribs. The fracture of the block in two parts produces irregular faces giving the appearance of the stone. The fracture is facilitated by the presence of certain transverse positio-π-πement ribs.
Bien que le nombre de languettes et de rainures soit réduit, les possibilités de réglage par chevauchement différencié des éléments superposés sont nulles. Il est nécessaire d'avoir une base dont l'inclinaison est adaptée lors de sa construction. A cet effet, un élément de construction, pour monter à sec des murs de soutènement ou autres, de forme sensiblement parallélépipédique rectangle, qui comporte, sur la face supérieure, au moins deux rainures, et sur la face inférieure, au moins une languette, et dont les faces latérales sont lisses et peuvent être aboutées, de sorte que les faces avant et arrière des éléments de construction sont coplanaires et que les languettes, ainsi que les rainures, sont placées dans le prolongement les unes des autres, afin que certaines rainures des faces supérieures des éléments formant une rangée inférieure permettent l'emboîtement de certaines languettes d'une rangée supérieure et adjacente, est caractérisé par le fait que le nombre de rainures de la face supérieure est plus importante que le nombre de languettes de la face inférieure, de sorte que la position des languettes d'une rangée d'éléments, placée en position supérieure par rapport aux rainures d'une rangée d'éléments, placée en position inférieure, peut être choisie en fonction de l'inclinaison que l'on veut donner ou non au mur de soutènement, et que chaque élément comporte au moins un espace aval qui autorise la végétalisation.Although the number of tongues and grooves is reduced, the possibilities of adjustment by differential overlapping of the superimposed elements are zero. It is necessary to have a base whose inclination is adapted during its construction. To this end, a building element for dry mounting retaining walls or the like, of substantially rectangular rectangular shape, which comprises, on the upper face, at least two grooves, and on the lower face, at least one tongue, and whose side faces are smooth and can be butted, so that the front and rear faces of the construction elements are coplanar and that the tongues, as well as the grooves, are placed in the extension of each other, so that certain grooves upper faces of the elements forming a lower row allow the fitting of certain tabs of an upper and adjacent row, is characterized by the fact that the number of grooves on the upper face is greater than the number of tabs on the lower face, so that the position of the tabs d a row of elements, placed in the upper position relative to the grooves of a row of elements, placed in the lower position, can be chosen as a function of the inclination which it is desired to give or not to the retaining wall, and that each element comprises at least one downstream space which authorizes revegetation.
Les languettes et les rainures ont une section transversale de forme demi-circulaire.The tongues and the grooves have a cross section of semi-circular shape.
Chaque élément est muni d'au moins une zone de fracture de sorte que, lorsque la fracture a été opérée, la nouvelle face de l'élément ainsi créée a un aspect de pierre éclatée.Each element is provided with at least one fracture zone so that, when the fracture has been effected, the new face of the element thus created has an aspect of exploded stone.
Une zone de fracture est présente sensiblement parallèlement aux faces avant et arrière de l'élément et à mi-distance de ces deux faces, de sorte que chaque demi-élément est pourvu d'au moins une languette et d'au moins deux rainures. ' Une zone de fracture est présente sensiblement parallèlement aux faces avant et arrière de l'élément et à proximité de ladite ace avan .A fracture zone is present substantially parallel to the front and rear faces of the element and halfway between these two faces, so that each half-element is provided with at least one tongue and at least two grooves. 'A fracture zone is present substantially parallel to the front and rear faces of the element and near said ace avan.
Les languettes et les rainures ont une section transversale de forme demi-circulaire.The tongues and the grooves have a cross section of semi-circular shape.
Les languettes et les rainures sont parallèles entre elles et également par rapport aux faces avant et arrière de chaque élément où elles sont implantées.The tongues and the grooves are parallel to each other and also to the front and rear faces of each element where they are installed.
Au niveau de la zone de fracture, l'élément possède une rainure sur sa face supérieure et une rainure sur la face inférieure, ce qui facilite la fracture de l'élément.At the level of the fracture zone, the element has a groove on its upper face and a groove on the lower face, which facilitates the fracture of the element.
Les dessins ci-joints sont donnés à titre d'exemples indicatifs et non limitatifs. Ils représentent un mode de réalisation préféré selon l'invention. Ils permettront de comprendre aisément l'invention.The attached drawings are given as indicative and non-limiting examples. They represent a preferred embodiment according to the invention. They will allow the invention to be easily understood.
La figure 1 représente un élément de construction en vue de profil.Figure 1 shows a building element in profile view.
La figure 2 représente une vue de face selon F de la figure 1. La figure 3 représente le même élément qu'à la figure 1, sous le même angle mais après que l'élément de construction ait été séparé en deux selon une zone de fracture.FIG. 2 represents a front view along F of FIG. 1. Figure 3 shows the same element as in Figure 1, from the same angle but after the building element has been split in two according to a fracture zone.
La figure 4 représente un mur de soutènement, vu en perspective, qui est construit à l'aide des éléments de construction.Figure 4 shows a retaining wall, seen in perspective, which is constructed using the building elements.
La figure 5 représente un mur de soutènement dont l'inclinaison est nulle.FIG. 5 represents a retaining wall whose inclination is zero.
Les figures 6, 7, 8 représentent des murs de soutènement dont les inclinaisons sont croissantes.Figures 6, 7, 8 show retaining walls whose inclinations are increasing.
Enfin, la figure 9 représente un pilier réalisé à l'aide des éléments de construction qui ont été préalablement fracturés, comme cela est représenté à la figure 3.Finally, FIG. 9 represents a pillar produced using construction elements which have been previously fractured, as shown in FIG. 3.
La présente invention concerne un élément de construction 1 qui permet de monter à sec des murs de soutènement 2 ou encore des piliers 12. Aucun élément de l'état de la technique ne permet ce double usage pour la fabrication de murs et de piliers.The present invention relates to a building element 1 which allows dry mounting of retaining walls 2 or even pillars 12. No element of the prior art allows this dual use for the manufacture of walls and pillars.
Cette propriété est due au fait que les éléments' de construction 1 sont de forme sensiblement parallélépipédique rectangle. Ils sont également caractérisés par le fait ςru' ilscomportent une face supérieure et une face inférieure, chacune de ces faces recevant respectivement des rainures 3 et des languettes 4. A contrario, les faces latérales 5 des él'éments 1 sont lisses et peuvent être facilement aboutées les unes aux autres, ce qui permet d'avoir des faces avant 6 et arrière 7 desdits éléments de construction 1 qui sont coplanaires.This property is due to the fact that the elements' Building 1 are of substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. They are also characterized by the fact that they have an upper face and a lower face, each of these faces receiving grooves 3 and tongues 4 respectively. Conversely, the lateral faces 5 of the elements 1 are smooth and can be easily abutted to each other, which makes it possible to have front 6 and rear 7 faces of said construction elements 1 which are coplanar.
Dans cette position, les languettes 4 des éléments 1 formant une rangée sont placées dans le prolongement les unes des autres, ceci est également vrai pour les rainures 3. Cette disposition permet à certaines rainures 3 des faces supérieures des éléments 1, formant une rangée inférieure de recevoir les languettes 4 d'une rangée supérieure et adjacente d'éléments 1.In this position, the tongues 4 of the elements 1 forming a row are placed in the extension of each other, this is also true for the grooves 3. This arrangement allows certain grooves 3 of the upper faces of the elements 1, forming a lower row to receive the tabs 4 of an upper and adjacent row of elements 1.
Le nombre des rainures 3, portées par la face supérieure, est obligatoirement plus important que le nombre de languettes 4 de la face inférieure, ceci afin de permettre aux languettes 4 d'avoir un nombre de positions important à l'intérieur des rainures 3 de la rangée d'éléments 1 adjacente.The number of grooves 3, carried by the upper face, is necessarily greater than the number of tongues 4 on the lower face, this in order to allow the tongues 4 to have a large number of positions inside the grooves 3 of the adjacent row of elements 1.
A titre non limitatif, le nombre des rainures 3 est de dix sur chaque élément 1 représenté sur les figures, alors que le nombre de languettes 4 est de six.Without limitation, the number of grooves 3 is ten on each element 1 shown in the figures, while the number of tabs 4 is six.
Le décalage qui pourra être apporté entre la rangée inférieure et la rangée juste supérieure des éléments de construction 1 va permettre d'avoir une inclinaison qui sera réglable en fonction du mur de soutènement que l'on veut obtenir, ou encore de l'effort exercé par le talus sur le mur de soutènement 2.The offset which may be brought between the lower row and the just upper row of the construction elements 1 will make it possible to have an inclination which will be adjustable as a function of the retaining wall that one wishes to obtain, or even of the force exerted by the slope on the retaining wall 2.
Les éléments de construction 1 ont donc nécessairement au moins une languette 4 et au moins deux rainures 3. Ceci permet donc d'avoir au moins deux combinaisons possibles au niveau du mur.The construction elements 1 therefore necessarily have at least one tongue 4 and at least two grooves 3. This therefore makes it possible to have at least two possible combinations at the level of the wall.
Bien entendu, une rangée pourra avoir un certain décalage par rapport à la rangée sous-jacente alors que la rangée qui se trouve juste au dessus de celle-ci aura un décalage différent. Ceci pourra donner un aspect esthétique original au mur 2.Of course, a row may have a certain offset with respect to the underlying row while the row which is just above it will have a different offset. This may give an original aesthetic appearance to the wall 2.
Chaque élément 1 est muni de deux zones de fractures 8 et 10, l'une 8 est située parallèlement aux faces avant 6 et arrière 7 de 1 'élément 1 et à mi-distance de ces deux faces 6 et 7, l'autre 10 est présente sensiblement parallèlement aux faces avant 6 et arrière 7 de l'élément 1, mais à proximité de ladite face avant 6.Each element 1 is provided with two fracture zones 8 and 10, one 8 is located parallel to the front 6 and rear 7 faces of the element 1 and halfway between these two faces 6 and 7, the other 10 is present substantially parallel to the front 6 and rear 7 faces of the element 1, but near said front face 6.
Une fois la fracture opérée, la nouvelle face 9 ou 16 de l'élément 1 ainsi créé a un aspect de pierre éclatée. La partie avant de l'élément de construction 1 peut recevoir un espace qui permet de végétaliser l'élément 1. Cet espace aval n'est pas représenté sur les figures.Once the fracture has been made, the new face 9 or 16 of the element 1 thus created has the appearance of a broken stone. The front part of the construction element 1 can receive a space which makes it possible to revegetate the element 1. This downstream space is not shown in the figures.
Comme on le voit bien sur les figures 1 et 3, les languettes 4 et les rainures 3 ont une section transversale en forme de demi- cercle. Ces formes demi-circulaires sont compatibles au bon emboîtement des languettes 4 dans les rainures 3.As can be seen in Figures 1 and 3, the tongues 4 and the grooves 3 have a cross section in the form of a semicircle. These semi-circular shapes are compatible with the proper fitting of the tongues 4 into the grooves 3.
Au niveau de la zone de fracture 8 et afin de faciliter ladite fracture de l'élément 1, celui-ci possède une rainure 3 sur sa face supérieure, ce qui est classique, mais également une rainure 11 sur la face inférieure, comme cela est représenté sur les figures 1 et 3.At the fracture zone 8 and in order to facilitate said fracture of the element 1, it has a groove 3 on its upper face, which is conventional, but also a groove 11 on the lower face, as is shown in Figures 1 and 3.
Sans sortir du domaine de l'invention, il est bien évident que le simple remplacement des languettes 4 par les rainures 3, dans leur position ainsi que leur orientation, tombe encore sous le coup de la présente invention.Without departing from the scope of the invention, it is obvious that the simple replacement of the tongues 4 by the grooves 3, in their position as well as their orientation, still falls under the coup of the present invention.
De manière identique, la réalisation du pilier 12 représenté à la figure 9 peut être le fait d'éléments de construction 1 qui ont été préalablement fracturés selon la zone de fracture 8, ce qui crée des demi-éléments de construction avant 13 et arrière 14. Néanmoins, il est évident qu'on peut utiliser des éléments 1 complets pour la réalisation d'un tel pilier. De même, on pourra utiliser deux piles d'éléments 1 juxtaposées, etc.Similarly, the production of the pillar 12 shown in FIG. 9 can be the result of construction elements 1 which have been previously fractured along the fracture zone 8, which creates front construction elements 13 and rear 14 . Nevertheless, it is obvious that complete elements 1 can be used for the realization of such a pillar. Likewise, two stacks of juxtaposed elements 1, etc. can be used.
Le sommet du pilier 12 comprend un chapeau 15 qui protège l'ensemble de la structure dudit pilier 12. The top of the pillar 12 includes a cap 15 which protects the entire structure of said pillar 12.
REFERENCESREFERENCES
1. Eléments de construction1. Construction elements
2. Murs de soutènement2. Retaining walls
3. Rainures de la face supérieure 4. Languettes de la face inférieure 5. Faces latérales3. Grooves on the upper face 4. Tabs on the lower face 5. Lateral faces
6. Faces avant6. Front panels
7. Faces arrière7. Rear panels
8. Zone de fracture en position médiane 9. Faces à aspect de pierre éclatée en position avant8. Fracture zone in the middle position 9. Stone-like faces exploded in the front position
10.Zone de fracture en position avant10.Front fracture area
11.Rainure de la face inférieure11.Rainure of the underside
12.Pilier12.Pillar
13.Demi-élément de construction avant 14.Demi-élément de construction arrière13.Front construction element 14.Rear construction element
15.Chapeau du pilier15.Pillar hat
16.Faces à aspect de pierre éclatée en position médiane 16.Faces with a broken stone appearance in the middle position

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Elément de construction (1) pour monter à sec des murs de soutènement (2) ou autres, de forme sensiblement parallélépipedique rectangle, qui comporte sur la face supérieure au moins deux rainures (3) , et sur la face inférieure au moins une languette (4) , et dont les faces latérales (5) sont lisses et peuvent être aboutees, de sorte que les faces avant (6) et arrière1. Construction element (1) for dry mounting retaining walls (2) or the like, of substantially rectangular rectangular shape, which comprises on the upper face at least two grooves (3), and on the lower face at least one tongue (4), and the lateral faces (5) of which are smooth and can be abutted, so that the front (6) and rear faces
(7) des éléments de construction (1) sont coplanaires et que les languettes (4) , ainsi que les rainures (3) , sont placées dans le prolongement les unes des autres, afin que certaines rainures (3) des faces supérieures des éléments (1) formant une rangée inférieure permettent l'emboîtement de certaines languettes (4) d'une rangée supérieure et adjacente, caractérisé par le fait que le nombre de rainures (3) de la face supérieure est plus important que le nombre de languettes (4) de la face inférieure, de sorte que la position des languettes (4) d'une rangée d'éléments, placée en position supérieure par rapport aux rainures (3) d'une rangée d'éléments placée en position inférieure, peut être choisie en fonction de l'inclinaison que l'on veut donner ou non au mur de soutènement (2) , et qu'il comporte au moins un espace aval qui autorise la végétalisation.(7) construction elements (1) are coplanar and that the tongues (4), as well as the grooves (3), are placed in the extension of each other, so that certain grooves (3) of the upper faces of the elements (1) forming a lower row allow the interlocking of certain tabs (4) of an upper and adjacent row, characterized in that the number of grooves (3) on the upper face is greater than the number of tabs ( 4) of the lower face, so that the position of the tongues (4) of a row of elements, placed in the upper position relative to the grooves (3) of a row of elements placed in the lower position, can be chosen according to the inclination that we want to give or not to the retaining wall (2), and that it includes at least one downstream space which allows the revegetation.
2. Elément selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que les languettes (4) et les rainures (3) ont une section transversale de forme demi-circulaire.2. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the tongues (4) and the grooves (3) have a cross section of semi-circular shape.
3. Elément muni d'au moins une zone de fracture (8 et/ou 10) de sorte que lorsque la fracture a été opérée, la nouvelle face (9 ou 16) de l'élément ainsi créée a un aspect de pierre éclatée, selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait qu'au niveau de la zone de fracture (8), l'élément (1) possède une rainure (3) sur sa face supérieure et une rainure (11) sur la face inférieure, ce qui facilite la fracture de l'élément (1) . 3. Element provided with at least one fracture zone (8 and / or 10) so that when the fracture has been effected, the new face (9 or 16) of the element thus created has an aspect of exploded stone, according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that at the fracture zone (8), the element (1) has a groove (3) on its upper face and a groove (11) on the underside, which facilitates the fracture of the element (1).
EP95907042A 1995-01-18 1995-01-18 Building elements for dry mounting variable-angle retaining walls Expired - Lifetime EP0804653B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/FR1995/000051 WO1996022427A1 (en) 1995-01-18 1995-01-18 Building elements for dry mounting variable-angle retaining walls

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0804653A1 true EP0804653A1 (en) 1997-11-05
EP0804653B1 EP0804653B1 (en) 2001-06-06

Family

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EP95907042A Expired - Lifetime EP0804653B1 (en) 1995-01-18 1995-01-18 Building elements for dry mounting variable-angle retaining walls

Country Status (8)

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EP (1) EP0804653B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE201911T1 (en)
AU (1) AU1539495A (en)
DE (1) DE69521220T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2159625T3 (en)
GR (1) GR3036547T3 (en)
PT (1) PT804653E (en)
WO (1) WO1996022427A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2977904B1 (en) 2011-07-13 2015-01-02 Dominique Rossi BUILDING BLOCK

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4860505A (en) * 1988-05-26 1989-08-29 Bender David C Construction block
US5163261A (en) * 1990-03-21 1992-11-17 Neill Raymond J O Retaining wall and soil reinforcement subsystems and construction elements for use therein
FR2675835B1 (en) * 1991-04-26 1998-06-12 Claude Vial SECTIONABLE BLOCK FOR CONSTRUCTION.

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9622427A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69521220T2 (en) 2002-04-25
GR3036547T3 (en) 2001-12-31
WO1996022427A1 (en) 1996-07-25
DE69521220D1 (en) 2001-07-12
EP0804653B1 (en) 2001-06-06
ES2159625T3 (en) 2001-10-16
PT804653E (en) 2001-11-30
ATE201911T1 (en) 2001-06-15
AU1539495A (en) 1996-08-07

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