Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
  • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
  • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
  • E04C2/16—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
  • E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
  • E04G9/02—Forming boards or similar elements
  • E04G9/05—Forming boards or similar elements the form surface being of plastics

Definitions

• the invention relates to moldings made from residues and their use as formwork panels for hydraulic binders and as insulation panels.
• formwork In construction technology, formwork is used to hold concrete or other hardening building materials until they have hardened and then removed.
• Formwork panels for concrete formwork generally consist of glued plywood. They are mounted in steel frames and used up to 40 times. After use, the concrete must come off the slab perfectly, which is usually done by using formwork oils. The concrete compressive strength of the slab should be approximately 80 kN / m 2 .
• the plate must show only a slight swelling compared to water, ie the water absorption must be low.
• the formwork panel must also be nailable and manageable with the usual lifting equipment and must have a very fine, smooth surface for exposed concrete. Formwork panels that are no longer usable are currently being incinerated at high costs.
• EP 146 844 A1 proposes the use of thermoplastic materials.
• the plates made from it proved to be too flexible and can therefore not be used or can only be used to a limited extent.
• JP 6-254824 describes a process in which waste from carrier materials impregnated with thermosetting resin, in the hardened state, is comminuted into pieces of 5 to 20 mm in size, boiled with melamine resin and then pressed to form the plate. These formwork panels are equipped for single use and should therefore remain in the ground after the hydraulic building materials have hardened.
• the invention is therefore based on the object of providing moldings for use as formwork or thermal insulation boards for repeated use while avoiding the aforementioned disadvantages.
• carrier materials such as paper and tissue made of natural and synthetic fibers, which are impregnated with thermosetting resins and converted into the cured state by pressure and heat, can be used as starting materials.
• processing dusts, sawing and trimming waste and unusable objects such as plates, pipes, rods and pressed molded parts are produced and, if necessary, are comminuted.
• thermosetting resins used are polyester resins, melamine resins, phenolic resins such as novolaks and resols, silicone resins, epoxy resins and their compatible mixtures.
• the amount of binder required in the shaped bodies is reduced by the use of comminuted, impregnated, not hardened materials which are unusable for the actual purpose. This has the advantage that the manufacturing costs are reduced and another waste material is recycled. These crushed, soaked materials can have a length of 2 to 40 mm, for example.
• the structure-loosening and density-reducing additives can be added.
• Materials that loosen the structure of the molded body include expandable microspheres, hollow microspheres of another type, fly ash, thermoplastic powder, hollow glass spheres and cellulose-based materials.
• fillers that reduce this density achieves plate weights that enable the use of conventional lifting equipment.
• the use of the uncured, impregnated materials enables the molded articles to withstand pressure, as is known from wooden panels.
• additives are preferably added to the mixture in an amount of 3 to 8% by weight, based on the total weight of the shaped body, before the pressure and heat treatment.
• Such additives are preferably metal soaps, such as alkaline earth stearates or zinc stearate.
• the shaped body according to the invention contains residues with a glass transition temperature (Tg) of> 130 ° C.
• the moldings according to the invention can have a cover layer made of impregnated carrier materials on one or both sides. These are materials made of glass, carbon, plastic or cellulose, which are impregnated with resins and applied to the molded articles according to the invention.
• the starting materials are mixed homogeneously and pressed at temperatures above 150 ° C., preferably at 165 to 185 ° C. in suitable tools.
• the compression is preferably carried out in high-pressure presses (multi-stage presses) at a specific pressure of 10 to 60 bar.
• Suitable tools are also simple shapes that consist of two sheets with or without spacers.
• the used molded article produced according to the invention can be returned to the recycling process 100%.
• the moldings according to the invention are stable even after prolonged use in water and in frost. They have the required strength properties and can be nailed. Their property profile is such that they can replace wooden formwork panels and thus limit the wood consumption. In contrast to the use of wooden panels for formwork purposes, the use of a formwork oil with which wooden shuttering panels had to be treated prior to their use is unnecessary.
• the table below shows the properties of a molded body according to the invention for use as a formwork panel for hydraulic binders in comparison to a wooden formwork panel and the embodiment according to JP 6-254824.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
• Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
• Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)

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Citations (5)

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• 1996
  • 1996-03-29 DE DE19612558A patent/DE19612558A1/de not_active Ceased
• 1997
  • 1997-03-11 AT AT97104041T patent/ATE197622T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1997-03-11 EP EP97104041A patent/EP0798431B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1997-03-11 DE DE59702623T patent/DE59702623D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related

Patent Citations (5)

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