EP0795884B1 - Druckschalter - Google Patents

Druckschalter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0795884B1
EP0795884B1 EP97103153A EP97103153A EP0795884B1 EP 0795884 B1 EP0795884 B1 EP 0795884B1 EP 97103153 A EP97103153 A EP 97103153A EP 97103153 A EP97103153 A EP 97103153A EP 0795884 B1 EP0795884 B1 EP 0795884B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spider
force
pressure switch
switches
switch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97103153A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0795884A3 (de
EP0795884A2 (de
Inventor
Albert Dirnberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Elektromanufaktur Zangenstein Hanauer GmbH and Co KGaA
Original Assignee
Elektromanufaktur Zangenstein Hanauer GmbH and Co KGaA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Elektromanufaktur Zangenstein Hanauer GmbH and Co KGaA filed Critical Elektromanufaktur Zangenstein Hanauer GmbH and Co KGaA
Publication of EP0795884A2 publication Critical patent/EP0795884A2/de
Publication of EP0795884A3 publication Critical patent/EP0795884A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0795884B1 publication Critical patent/EP0795884B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H35/00—Switches operated by change of a physical condition
    • H01H35/24—Switches operated by change of fluid pressure, by fluid pressure waves, or by change of fluid flow
    • H01H35/26—Details
    • H01H35/2657—Details with different switches operated at substantially different pressures
    • H01H35/2664—Details with different switches operated at substantially different pressures making use of a balance plate pivoting about different axes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pressure switch with at least one against a biasing force actuable switch, one having two or more lever arms Spider into which a force is applied in a first direction by means of the lever arms the switch or switches overcoming the preload depending on the magnitude of the force applied and therefore selectively depending on the pressure to operate.
  • Such pressure switches for example known from EP 0 347 904 B1, are also used referred to as "pressure switch". They are used depending on one to be monitored Pressure at least one, usually two or more electrical switches to operate. If the pressure to be monitored increases, certain, Preselected presses selectively operated the switches one after the other. Usually such multiple pressure switches are operated with a membrane, i.e. the one to be monitored Pressure creates a force on the diaphragm that operates the switches become.
  • Such membrane-operated switch assemblies in which switches, in particular preloaded mechanical snap-action switches, for electrical signals or load currents are actuated as a function of a pressure acting on the membrane, find multiple practical applications for the control and regulation of devices, for example washing machines and dishwashers.
  • the membrane is with a Pressure that is derived from the water level in the working area of the device.
  • the pressure switch acts as a "pressure switch” and measures it Height of the water column in the machine.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 the closest prior art will be examined to derive that of the invention derive underlying problem.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exploded view of individual components of a pressure switch, namely a lower housing part 10, a so-called spider 12, a plate 14, a Membrane 16 and a cover 18. These components are in the order mentioned mounted in or on the lower housing part 10.
  • the membrane 16 forms together with the lid 18 a pressure chamber in which there is a pressure from Water level in the machine (when used in a washing machine, for example) is derived.
  • the one derived from the water level Pressure in the pressure chamber generated by means of an air trap.
  • the pressure is over one Pressure port 20 in the pressure chamber between the membrane 16 and the cover 18th transfer.
  • Switches are arranged in the lower housing part 10 (the individual switches are in the State of the art also referred to as "switching systems”.
  • the pressure acting on the membrane 16 from above is via the plate 14 and its central pin 22 in a recess 24 which is formed centrally in the spider 12, transfer.
  • the recess 24 is thus the location of the spider 12 at which one Membrane pressure corresponding force is introduced into the spider 12.
  • the spider 12 is supported on its underside at its lever arm ends (see also FIG. 2).
  • the support the spider 12 on the individual switches operated by it takes place over Mandrels 28 which project upwards at the free ends of the switch springs 26 and each engage in a recess 30 at the end of a lever arm of the spider 12.
  • the trough can also have a surface or a trench, depending on the function his.
  • 1 shows a single switch I in the lower housing part 10 by way of example.
  • FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the lower housing part 10 with three switches I, II and III.
  • Each switch is biased into a position according to FIG. 1 by means of a spring 32.
  • the spring 32 thus acts as a compression spring. It presses the free end 38 of the switch spring 26 upward in FIG. 1 against a nose formed on the lower housing part 10.
  • the Lower part of the housing is made of plastic.
  • the spreading force of the spring 32 is adjustable by means of a clamping screw 34.
  • the switch contacts 40 to be switched are arranged at the end of the switch spring 26.
  • the switch spring 26 is clamped approximately in the middle at a point 42 and is designed that when the spring end 38 moves downward in Fig. 1 against a stop 36 a contact body 44 extends from the upper to the lower contact of the switch contacts 40 moves and switched either a signal or a load current directly becomes. In the pressure switches in question, load currents flow with them considerable current (e.g. 12 A or greater).
  • the spider 12 distributes the force introduced centrally into it over the mandrels 28a, 28b and 28c to the individual biased switches I, II and III.
  • dependence of the forces transmitted via the mandrels 28a, 28b and 28c are different from the lever arms.
  • 43% of the over Recess 24 force applied to the spider 12 on the mandrel 28a of the switch I transmitted while 33% of the force on the mandrel 28b of switch II and 24% the force is transmitted to the mandrel 28c of the switch III.
  • Fig. 3 shows a pressure switch according to the prior art, in which instead of two switches I, III are provided.
  • the arm 12b of the spider does not operate a switch. Instead the outer end of the arm 12 b is supported on a fixedly connected to the housing 10 Stop 54 off.
  • This support of the spider 12 is necessary because of the Recess 24, in which the force is introduced into the spider 12, not on the connecting line 56 of those points where the force is exerted on the arms 12a, 12c the switch is transmitted, i.e. the line connecting thorns 28a, 28c the switch I, III.
  • the force derived via the arm 12b is thus absorbed by the housing 10 and not used to operate a switch.
  • US 4,493,957 discloses a multimodal pressure switch according to the preamble of claim 1, in which a movable Plate for actuating a switch arrangement depending on a diaphragm acting pressures is moved.
  • a movable Plate for actuating a switch arrangement depending on a diaphragm acting pressures is moved.
  • the for Switchable areas opposite the movable area Plate supported on the side facing the switch assembly. On this one Side opposite sides is between the one intended for support Area and the areas provided for actuating the switch arrangement Provided area in which the forces transmitted by the diaphragm are introduced become.
  • the movable plate becomes due to a power transmission through the diaphragm with the operating areas moved towards the switch arrangement, single or multiple switches of the same are operated. With this movement supports an outer area of the movable plate, which is beyond the support intended area is opposite the operating areas, on a Housing area of this switch in a direction
  • the aim of the invention is to design the pressure switch described at the beginning so that without enlargement the dimensions of the pressure switch high actuation forces even at relatively low pressures and the smallest hysteresis for the switches can be achieved.
  • the spider is designed so that when switching with at least one Lever arm supports in a direction that is at least approximately opposite to the Direction of force in the spider.
  • the spider at least has a lever arm which, when the force is introduced into the spider after being overcome a free path on a firmly connected to the housing of the switch Stop hits and so the spider in the subsequent actuation of switches supported on this stop.
  • pressure switches of various structures can be realize.
  • the supporting lever arm of the spider and the are preferred Switch actuating further lever arms in relation to each other and to the location of the Force transmission into the spider arranged that one or more unilateral levers are formed and so the operating forces for the switches are significantly larger than that force introduced into the spider.
  • spiders are the ones here known type in question, which have a lever arm that is not on a biased switch presses.
  • the lever arms are not in the sense of Invention designed. They only serve to guide the spider and lift when actuated the spider immediately, i.e. they do not take any forces in the sense of an invention Support the spider on.
  • the spider is designed so that the lever arm with which it is supported in the direction opposite to the direction of force application, at least approximates the position of the spider at which the operating force in the spider is launched.
  • Other versions of the connection to the spider are possible.
  • the spider can also be a large, approximately plate-like structure. Essential is that by introducing force into the spider on the one hand and the support points of the Spider on the switches or the switch housing, on the other hand, the ones defined above Levers are formed.
  • FIG. 4 shows a top view (corresponding to FIG. 2) of a first exemplary embodiment a pressure switch according to the invention.
  • the housing cover Fig. 1, Reference number 18
  • the membrane FIG. 1, reference number 16
  • the plate FIG. 1, Reference numeral 14
  • the spider 12 is thus supported with the lifting arm 12d in one direction on the tab 58, which is opposite (antiparallel) to the direction of the force M. It therefore works on either side of the connecting line 56 between the points at which the lever arms Press 12a, 12c on the assigned switches, two torques on the Spider 12, which balance the spider when the spider is not actuated.
  • the force M 1 is divided between the two switches I, III according to the lever arms a and b, the lever arms a and b each being the distance between the points at which the switches are pressed (mandrels 28a, 28c) from the connecting line 57 correspond between the recess 24 and the tab 58.
  • the lever arm "a” is slightly longer than the lever arm "b”. This means that, based on the dimensions shown in FIG. 4, the force acting on switch III is doubled and the force acting on switch II is approximately tripled. This makes it possible to influence the switching behavior and the switching sequence.
  • the force distribution can be done easily vary that the location where the lever arm 12d on the tab is varied 58 supports.
  • switches I and III can be very low switching values (low forces M) can be selected, and the system has overall a very small hysteresis.
  • the system is easy to adjust and it can very large load currents can be switched directly through the switches.
  • Fig. 5 shows a further embodiment of a pressure switch. This too The embodiment is based on the embodiment of FIG. 4 the spider 12 with an arm 12d under the tab 58 on the housing 10.
  • FIG. 4 The principle of the invention explained in FIG. 4 enables the problem to be solved here, to provide a very high switching force in a simple manner for the switch III. It should apply to switch I that it can be operated with a relatively low switching force should be (like both switches according to FIG. 4).
  • a fourth lever arm 12e of the spider 12 is provided for this purpose support on a stop 60, which is firmly connected to the housing 10 can.
  • the radially outer end of the lever arm 12e is not supported in the Rest position of the switch at the stop 60, but only when the spider 12th is already depressed by the force M to the extent that the switch I is closed is.
  • the arm 12e is still freely in the without any support Air.
  • Fig. 5 shows a section A-B in the lower right. After that has at rest (depressurized) the radially outer end of the arm 12e a distance "d" from the stop 60.
  • FIG. 6 shows three modifications of the embodiment of FIG. 4, each different pairs of switches are operated, namely the switch pairs I-II, I-III and II-III.
  • the examples of FIG. 6 are based on the above Description and the reference number by itself.
  • Fig. 7 shows three modifications of the embodiment of Fig. 5.
  • the switch combinations I-II, I-III and II-III are exemplary embodiments optionally operated, a fourth arm 12e is provided, which follows Overcoming a free distance "d" is supported on a stop 60 so that for the Actuation of the open switch, which has not yet been actuated, a relatively large force (corresponding to a high water column) is required.
  • FIG. 8 shows a further pressure switch according to the invention, which differs from the exemplary embodiments according to Figures 5 and 7 differs in that the local Stop 60 is replaced by a switch.
  • the pressure switch according to FIG. 8 are all three switches I, II and III by respectively assigned arms 12a, 12b or 12c of the spider 12 against a biasing force, depending on from the force "M".
  • a spider arm in the idle state of the spider 12 for example the arm 12b, not yet on the associated mandrel 28b of the associated one Switch II supported. Rather, this arm must first have a distance "d” overcome (analog. Fig. 5, section A-B) until it hits the mandrel 28b.
  • switch I a very low switching force is effective for switch I, that is Given the advantage of supporting the spider 12 on the arm 12d under the tab 58 fully is. With initially slowly increasing force M (and correspondingly less Water column), switch I switches first and at the same time or shortly thereafter the previously free arm 12b is now supported on the associated mandrel 28b of the Switch II off, so that relatively high switching forces are then selected for switches II and III can be.
  • Fig. 9 shows that the invention can also be used with a single pressure switch can.
  • the arm 12e of the spider 12 is supported on a stop fixed to the housing 60, and the arm 12d of the spider 12 is again under a tab 58 on the edge of the housing 10a threaded.
  • the only switch I is actuated by the arm 12a, with relatively large switching force. This enables a very small size Pressure switch, the point at which the switching force is initiated in the switch I. does not have to be centered.
  • the invention enables both a selective one as well as a simultaneous switching of switching systems.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Switches Operated By Changes In Physical Conditions (AREA)
EP97103153A 1996-03-15 1997-02-26 Druckschalter Expired - Lifetime EP0795884B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19610254 1996-03-15
DE19610254A DE19610254C1 (de) 1996-03-15 1996-03-15 Druckschalter

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0795884A2 EP0795884A2 (de) 1997-09-17
EP0795884A3 EP0795884A3 (de) 1998-09-30
EP0795884B1 true EP0795884B1 (de) 2003-10-15

Family

ID=7788421

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97103153A Expired - Lifetime EP0795884B1 (de) 1996-03-15 1997-02-26 Druckschalter

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0795884B1 (es)
DE (2) DE19610254C1 (es)
ES (1) ES2208778T3 (es)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004041403B3 (de) * 2004-08-26 2005-11-24 Elektromanufaktur Zangenstein Hanauer Gmbh & Co. Kgaa Baueinheitlich integrierte Druckschalter- und Druckerfassungsvorrichtung

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4493957A (en) * 1983-03-11 1985-01-15 Red Dot Corporation Multimodal pressure switch
DE3821425C1 (es) * 1988-06-24 1989-06-08 Elektromanufaktur Zangenstein Hanauer Gmbh & Co, 8471 Altendorf, De
US5142113A (en) * 1989-11-01 1992-08-25 Mitsuku Denshi Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Switch

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0795884A3 (de) 1998-09-30
EP0795884A2 (de) 1997-09-17
DE19610254C1 (de) 1997-05-28
DE59710843D1 (de) 2003-11-20
ES2208778T3 (es) 2004-06-16

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