EP0794540B1 - Petit aimant bistable - Google Patents

Petit aimant bistable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0794540B1
EP0794540B1 EP97102643A EP97102643A EP0794540B1 EP 0794540 B1 EP0794540 B1 EP 0794540B1 EP 97102643 A EP97102643 A EP 97102643A EP 97102643 A EP97102643 A EP 97102643A EP 0794540 B1 EP0794540 B1 EP 0794540B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
coil
permanent magnet
magnet
small
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97102643A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0794540A1 (fr
Inventor
Dietmar Dipl. Kaufm. Harting
Ernst-Heinrich Dipl.-Ing. Harting
Joachim Brendel
Torsten Dipl.-Ing. Kröger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Harting Stiftung and Co KG
Original Assignee
Harting AG and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Harting AG and Co KG filed Critical Harting AG and Co KG
Publication of EP0794540A1 publication Critical patent/EP0794540A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0794540B1 publication Critical patent/EP0794540B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
    • H01F7/1615—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/0001—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
    • E05B47/0002—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof with electromagnets
    • E05B47/0003—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof with electromagnets having a movable core
    • E05B47/0004—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof with electromagnets having a movable core said core being linearly movable
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/06—Controlling mechanically-operated bolts by electro-magnetically-operated detents
    • E05B47/0611—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F2007/1669—Armatures actuated by current pulse, e.g. bistable actuators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H01F7/122—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays
    • H01H51/2209—Polarised relays with rectilinearly movable armature
    • H01H2051/2218—Polarised relays with rectilinearly movable armature having at least one movable permanent magnet

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a bistable small magnet, comprising an armature, which is arranged axially movable in a coil arrangement and on or fixed pole piece arranged in one end of the coil, the armature with appropriate energization of the coil into its coil tube and is pulled against the pole piece and the armature with an axial Polarized permanent magnet is provided which the armature in the attracted Holds the position also without current and with a correspondingly directed Current supply to the coil neutralizes the adhesive force of the permanent magnet is and the anchor by the force of a spring in its starting position (Stroke start position) is moved.
  • Such small magnets are used in devices with locking or adjustment functions used. They are used, for example, to generate mechanical ones yes-no statements, the drive of small levers and parts in precision engineering applications, aperture control in optical systems or the control of slit diaphragms in gas and oil burners. Such bistable small magnets are also used in battery-operated systems used such. B. in the remote controlled locking and unlocking of Locking devices and cylinder locks. In such applications have to switch the small magnets with very low power consumption, z. B. the battery life in battery-powered devices is as large as possible.
  • a bistable magnet is known according to the preamble of claim 1, in which a plunger armature is attracted by the supply of a working current against the force of a spring and is held permanently magnetically and is moved back after application of a counter current to neutralize the permanent magnetic force effect.
  • the permanent magnet for generating the permanent magnetic adhesive force lies entirely in the interior of the coil space.
  • the working stroke it is additionally magnetized by the working current and demagnetized by the extinguishing current to return the armature to the starting position.
  • This requires permanent magnets with a very low coercive field strength, although the required remagnetization power is still very high. Scattering of the magnetic material and scattering in the control currents also lead to very different functions / switching times.
  • the anchor-cone configuration is also unfavorable for long strokes, since there is too little initial lift force and permanent adhesive force.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of a bistable magnet of the type mentioned in such a way that this with minimal Control output can be switched quickly and safely, whereby but also long strokes and high initial lifting forces as well as high permanent magnetic There should be adhesive forces.
  • the armature has a soft magnetic Has auxiliary connection for the permanent magnet and that at Starting position the middle of the permanent magnet - in the axial direction seen - approximately in the plane of the coil start (the end face of the Coil) is located.
  • bistable magnet is very small overall and is fast and can be reversed safely. There are only very few for reversing Services required, the changeover times achieved being very small and the actuating forces of the armature are still relatively large.
  • the inventive design of the armature of the small magnet is the power requirement z. B. only about 15% compared to an execution of the armature without permanent magnet arrangement. With appropriate constructive design of the magnet-specific parts and materials still further increases in responsiveness or efficiency of the small magnet possible.
  • the small magnet shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 consists essentially of a soft magnetic magnet yoke 1, in which an excitation coil 2 with an armature axially movable in its coil body 3, which is designed as a plunger armature, is installed. At one end of the coil or the coil body, a pole piece 5 is provided, against which the armature is pulled when the current is directed accordingly. A permanent magnet 6 is inserted into the armature 4. This permanent magnet is axially magnetized, as is shown by the identification of the poles with N and S.
  • the permanent magnet is designed as an annular magnet, through the middle of which a section 7 of the soft magnetic armature runs. This section acts as a soft magnetic parallel branch.
  • a spring 8 On the upper end of the armature 4 there is a spring 8, which is provided here as a truncated cone compression spring with a progressive characteristic. This spring is held or supported in a centering or mounting recess 9 in the front end of the bobbin 3 and acts against a shoulder 10 on the armature.
  • This approach is preferably formed by snapping a locking washer onto the anchor. With this approach, a stop or a stroke limitation for the armature in its initial stroke position is realized simultaneously in connection with the correspondingly designed magnetic yoke.
  • the armature - driven by the spring - is pushed until the stop is at the front end of the magnetic yoke.
  • the lower end of the armature 4 is provided with a truncated cone 12, preferably produced by turning, the larger diameter of the truncated cone being at the outer end of the armature.
  • the pole piece 5 has a cylindrical recess 13 into which this truncated cone is immersed when the armature is tightened, a push neck 14 being formed through the recess.
  • the push neck is preferably designed conically on its outside, the thinner end of the push neck then being located at its opening.
  • the truncated cone 12 of the anchor and the length of the push neck 14 are matched to one another, the height of the truncated cone roughly corresponding to the length of the push neck.
  • the position of the permanent magnet within the armature is provided so that when the armature begins to lift (see FIG. 1) one "pole” is immersed in the coil 2 and the other "pole” is outside the effective copper winding, ie in front of the end face 15 of the coil is located. It is preferably provided that the center of the permanent magnet is approximately in the plane of the end face of the coil. 1 and 2 show, the armature 4 is guided in the non-magnetic bearing 17 on the one hand in the coil former 3 and on the other hand via an armature tap or plunger 16.
  • an inexpensive non-magnetic bearing cover 22 in which a through hole forms the bearing point, can optionally also be used, as shown in FIG. 7.
  • the polarity reversal of the electromagnetic field can optionally also be carried out by means of a second excitation coil, provided, for. B. the polarity of the coil current should not be reversed.
  • the magnet arrangement described above, in conjunction with the spring 8, represents a bistable actuator which can be quickly switched to the other armature end position with short, low-power control pulses, in which it remains without power.
  • the soft magnetic yoke 1 is formed by a non-magnetic yoke, such as a plastic injection molded part, including the bearing 17. It has been shown that the basic function of the magnet is nevertheless present.
  • armatures 4 with differently inserted permanent magnets 6 shown. All anchors have the same characteristic that there is an axially magnetized permanent magnet within the armature is located and that a soft magnetic shunt is provided.
  • the armature is provided with an annular groove in which an annular permanent magnet 6 is inserted.
  • To manufacture the armature it can be provided that either the armature is in two parts or the annular permanent magnet is in two parts.
  • the permanent magnet can optionally also be introduced into the armature by extrusion coating of a plastic-bonded permanent magnet material
  • the anchor is provided with a recess 18, in which a circular segment-shaped permanent magnet 6 is inserted.
  • the anchor Fig. 5 is provided that this is assembled from two parts is.
  • One part is provided with a recess 19, in which the permanent magnet 6 is inserted.
  • FIG. 6 also shows an armature 4, into which a permanent magnet 6 with the same diameter as the anchor itself is inserted.
  • armature 4 into which a permanent magnet 6 with the same diameter as the anchor itself is inserted.
  • soft magnetic shunt is thin sleeve 21 made of soft magnetic material or, if necessary, can also be provided that the armature and permanent magnet surface with is provided with a galvanically applied, soft magnetic coating.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Petit aimant bistable comportant une armature (4) disposée en étant mobile axialement dans une bobine (2, 3) composée d'un corps de bobine (3) et d'un bobinage (2), et, une pièce polaire fixe (5) disposée sur ou dans l'une des extrémités de la bobine (2, 3), étant précisé que lors de l'alimentation du bobinage (2) en courant électrique, l'armature est tirée à l'intérieur du corps de bobine (3) vers la pièce polaire (5), que l'armature (4) est pourvue d'un aimant permanent (6) polarisé axialement qui maintient l'armature (4) dans sa position tirée même en l'absence de courant, et, que lorsque le bobinage (2) est alimenté en courant dans la direction correspondante, la force de maintien de l'aimant permanent (6) est neutralisée et l'armature (4) déplacée par la force d'un ressort (8) dans sa position initiale, à savoir la position de départ de sa course, caractérisé en ce que l'armature (4) comporte un segment de dérivation (7) magnétique doux pour l'aimant permanent (6) et que lorsque l'armature est en position de départ de sa course, le centre de l'aimant permanent (6) - vu en direction axiale - se trouve sensiblement dans le plan (15) du début du bobinage, à savoir de la surface frontale de la bobine (2).
  2. Petit aimant bistable selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que l'aimant permanent (6) est inséré dans un évidement (18) ayant la forme d'un segment de cercle, prévu dans l'armature (4).
  3. Petit aimant bistable selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que l'aimant permanent (6) est inséré de manière concentrique dans un évidement (19) prévu dans l'armature (4) et conformé de sorte que l'aimant permanent (6) est entouré coaxialement par une mince paroi (20) du matériau de l'armature.
  4. Petit aimant bistable selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que l'aimant permanent (6) est inséré de manière concentrique dans l'armature (4), l'aimant permanent (6) et l'armature étant entourés d'une mince douille (21) en matériau magnétique doux.
  5. Petit aimant bistable selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que l'extrémité avant de l'armature (4) présente la forme d'un tronc de cône (12) dont le plus grand diamètre est situé au début de l'armature et que la longueur ou hauteur du tronc de cône correspond sensiblement à la longueur de la course de l'armature.
  6. Petit aimant bistable selon la revendication 5 caractérisé en ce que la pièce polaire (5) comporte un évidement cylindrique (13) dans lequel s'engage l'extrémité tronconique avant de l'armature (4), ledit évidement (13) et la forme extérieure du noyau déterminant un col ou anneau de guidage (14) dont la face extérieure présente une forme conique.
  7. Petit aimant bistable selon l'une des revendication précédentes caractérisé en ce que le ressort (8) assurant le déplacement de l'armature (4) dans sa position de départ présente une ligne caractéristique progressive.
  8. Petit aimant bistable selon la revendication 7 caractérisé en ce que le ressort (8) est un ressort de pression tronconique qui entoure l'armature (4) à l'extérieur du bobinage (2), qui est positionné dans un évidement de centrage (9) dans le corps de bobine (3) et qui agit sur un prolongement (10) de l'armature.
  9. Petit aimant bistable selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que la face frontale de l'aimant est pourvue d'un couvercle (22) non magnétique.
  10. Petit aimant bistable selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que la culasse d'aimant (1) est en matériau non magnétique.
EP97102643A 1996-03-08 1997-02-19 Petit aimant bistable Expired - Lifetime EP0794540B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19608953A DE19608953A1 (de) 1996-03-08 1996-03-08 Bistabiler Kleinmagnet
DE19608953 1996-03-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0794540A1 EP0794540A1 (fr) 1997-09-10
EP0794540B1 true EP0794540B1 (fr) 1999-04-28

Family

ID=7787586

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97102643A Expired - Lifetime EP0794540B1 (fr) 1996-03-08 1997-02-19 Petit aimant bistable

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0794540B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE179546T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19608953A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10262354B4 (de) * 2001-09-01 2016-03-10 Eto Magnetic Gmbh Elektromagnetische Stellvorrichtung

Families Citing this family (16)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19901839A1 (de) * 1999-01-19 2000-07-20 Winkhaus Fa August Elektromagnetisch aktivierbarer Sperrmechanismus
DE19901838A1 (de) * 1999-01-19 2000-07-20 Winkhaus Fa August Elektromagnetisch aktivierbarer Sperrmechanismus
AU3205900A (en) * 1999-02-09 2000-08-29 Nikolai Sergeevich Babich Electromagnet and use thereof in closure devices
DE102004047980B3 (de) * 2004-10-01 2006-03-16 Schliessanlagen Gmbh Pfaffenhain Elektromagnetisch betätigbarer Sperrmechanismus, insbesondere für einen Schließzylinder eines Einsteckschlosses
EP2570574B1 (fr) * 2007-02-08 2014-09-17 Knock N'Lock Ltd. Verrou électromécanique actionné par solénoïde
FR2934923B1 (fr) * 2008-08-11 2013-05-31 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Actionneur electromagnetique hybride a bobine fixe
FI20105582A0 (fi) * 2010-05-25 2010-05-25 Kaarinan Robottileikkaus Oy Kiinnityslaite, järjestely ja menetelmä työstettävän esineen kiinnittämiseksi työalustaan
DE102010045290B4 (de) * 2010-09-14 2016-04-28 Günther Zimmer Vereinzler mit elektrodynamischem Stellglied
JP5887711B2 (ja) 2010-11-16 2016-03-16 株式会社ジェイテクト ロック装置及び電動パワーステアリング装置
RU2013157211A (ru) * 2011-05-25 2015-06-27 Икстур Ой Магнит, устройство присоединения, компоновка присоединения и способ присоединения к объекту
DE102012107281B4 (de) * 2012-08-08 2014-03-06 Eto Magnetic Gmbh Bistabile elektromagnetische Stellvorrichtung, Ankerbaugruppe sowie Nockenwellenverstellvorrichtung
DE102015121739A1 (de) * 2015-12-14 2017-06-14 Svm Schultz Verwaltungs-Gmbh & Co. Kg Elektromagnet
ES2627477B1 (es) * 2015-12-28 2018-05-08 Electrobolt Sistemas De Seguridad S.L. Dispositivo electromagnético de bloqueo accionado a distancia
DE102017000907A1 (de) 2017-02-01 2018-08-02 Rhefor Gbr (Vertretungsberechtigter Gesellschafter: Arno Mecklenburg, 10999 Berlin) Elektromagnetischer Stopper für eine Stückgut-Förderanlage
DE102017208938A1 (de) * 2017-05-29 2018-11-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Bistabiles Magnetventil für ein hydraulisches Bremssystem und korrespondierendes hydraulisches Bremssystem
DE102017208937A1 (de) * 2017-05-29 2018-11-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Bistabiles Magnetventil für ein hydraulisches Bremssystem und korrespondierendes hydraulisches Bremssystem

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US3218523A (en) * 1963-07-29 1965-11-16 Benson Hector Eugene Electromagnetic device having a permanent magnet armature
DE1489088A1 (de) * 1964-10-30 1969-05-29 List Dipl Ing Heinrich Polarisiertes elektromagnetisches Antriebssystem
DE3019418A1 (de) * 1980-05-21 1981-11-26 Hosiden Electronics Co Selbsthaltendes solenoid
JPS5829754U (ja) * 1981-08-21 1983-02-26 日立金属株式会社 ドアロツク用アクチユエ−タ
EP0406957A3 (en) * 1989-07-05 1991-04-03 North American Philips Corporation Hammer solenoid
DE4327180A1 (de) * 1993-08-13 1995-02-16 Inopex Ges Fuer Produktentwick Elektromagnet

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10262354B4 (de) * 2001-09-01 2016-03-10 Eto Magnetic Gmbh Elektromagnetische Stellvorrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0794540A1 (fr) 1997-09-10
DE19608953A1 (de) 1997-09-11
DE59700140D1 (de) 1999-06-02
ATE179546T1 (de) 1999-05-15

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