EP0794384B1 - Small combustion device for domestic use - Google Patents
Small combustion device for domestic use Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0794384B1 EP0794384B1 EP97100752A EP97100752A EP0794384B1 EP 0794384 B1 EP0794384 B1 EP 0794384B1 EP 97100752 A EP97100752 A EP 97100752A EP 97100752 A EP97100752 A EP 97100752A EP 0794384 B1 EP0794384 B1 EP 0794384B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- burner
- combustion device
- plate
- radiator plate
- heated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2209/00—Safety arrangements
- F23D2209/20—Flame lift-off / stability
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2210/00—Noise abatement
Definitions
- the invention relates to a furnace, in particular a small furnace for domestic use, with a burner that has a variety of burner outlet openings closely adjacent to one another, through which a fuel / air mixture flows, the downstream the burner is burned.
- Furnaces of this type can be found in gas boilers or gas heating systems or boiler, the burner usually made of a metallic or ceramic material. Because of the many Exit openings are also referred to as a "multiple port” or one "Carpet burner”. These burners are usually premixed Fuel / air mixture supplied. The burner is at least sectionally designed sieve-like and the fuel / air mixture passes through the closely adjacent burner outlet openings thus formed laminar through and is downstream in a variety of Single flames burned, the individual burner outlet openings are to be assigned. Appropriate furnaces or burners are for example described in US-A-3 805 763, DE-A-1 551 790, JP-A-08 135 914 or JP-A-01 310 217.
- Flame / pressure vibrations can occur on such furnaces, as they are in industrial incineration plants, such as Example gas turbine combustion chambers, industrial furnaces, etc. are known. While those occurring in industrial incineration plants Pressure vibrations, however, are usually comparatively low frequencies and have high amplitudes are those described here Pressure fluctuations often occur in small furnaces characterized by high frequency but low amplitudes. In order to there is an intolerable acoustic load on these systems in the form of a pipe. To be able to eliminate this whistle by the burner or device manufacturers at great financial expense Were looking for the occurrence of these burn instabilities due to changes to the burner or the combustion chamber geometry to prevent.
- the object of the present invention is therefore one described above To further develop the furnace so that the vibrations, that is So the whistling, under the usual operating conditions in the desired Control range of the furnace no longer occur.
- the burner surface is heated in the area of the burner outlet openings, whereby it is connected to a supply device for hot flue gases, whereby the burner surface by heat exchange with hot, burned out Flue gases are heated, the flue gas being in a double wall.
- Burner plate is guided into which the burner outlet openings are incorporated as through channels, so that the Cannot mix flue gases with the fresh gas mixture.
- the invention is based on the knowledge that the flame carpet single flames not sufficiently stabilized are. In the industrial incineration plants mentioned above constructive measures are taken for this. But this is with the burners of interest here due to the large number of outlet openings, from which the fuel gas / air mixture in many individual jets leaves, not justifiable for economic reasons.
- the heating according to the invention now increases significantly Burner surface temperature reached, which is a significant consequence Has improved ignition stability of the flame and so the ignition vibrations suppressed.
- the burner is preferably made of a material that is sufficient when an electrical current is passed through Dimensions heated.
- the burner surface continues warmed by heat radiation, for which purpose a radiation shield is placed in the furnace.
- This radiation shield is both in relation to the burner surface and in relation to the usually water-cooled combustion chamber wall of hot solids.
- the heat radiation emanating from this increases the temperature the burner surface, so that there is a uniform, significantly increases surface temperature, which is an improvement the ignition stability of the flame and the ignition vibrations suppressed. It lends itself to the radiation shield through the To heat flames or the flue gases that roam past the radiation shield. These have a temperature of approx. 1,200 - 1,400 ° C, see above that the radiation shield is at a temperature of approx. 800 - 1,000 ° C or heated above.
- the radiation shield can be made of metallic material, for example stainless steel, or also made of ceramic material. Essential is that the material is resistant to the high temperature against oxidation etc. remains and the corresponding radiation properties a solid-state radiator with sufficient radiation emissivity developed.
- the extraction of the flue gases is not considered from a flow point of view hampers when the radiation shield is particularly grid-shaped is.
- the radiation shield is preferably parallel to the burner surface arranged, in embodiments in which a special radiation characteristic is necessary, but is also an inclined position of the radiation shield to the burner surface is conceivable.
- a furnace is shown in section.
- This furnace shows a water-cooled combustion chamber wall 1, which on this Combustion chamber wall cooling water the useful heat of the furnace wearing.
- the temperature of the combustion chamber wall is in a range in the order of 100 ° C.
- the combustion chamber wall is heated through hot flue gases with a temperature of about 1,200 to 1,400 ° C, which are generated by a flame carpet that is made up of composed of a large number of individual flames 2.
- These single flames 2 arise at a variety of burner outlet openings 3, the are formed in a burner plate 4.
- This burner plate is over a feed pipe 5 a premixed fuel gas / air mixture 6 is fed, that passes through the burner outlet openings 3 of the burner plate 4 and then burned accordingly.
- the fuel gas / air mixture (Fresh gas mixture) itself is relatively cool, especially has about ambient temperature, the burner plate through which it flows, kept at about this temperature.
- the burner plate 4 is heated.
- the burner plate 4 is designed with two shells, by providing a lower shell 7 at a distance from the burner plate 4 is and the supply pipe 5 for the fuel gas / air mixture 6 closes.
- the lower shell 7 is provided with through openings 8 which over a space 9 by means of tubes 10 to the burner outlet openings 3 are connected.
- Through the gap 9 hot fuel gases 11 are passed through, which correspond to the fuel plate 4 heat, causing an increase in this via heat conduction the temperature of the burner surface 4a and thus for stabilization the single flame 2 or the flame carpet. Kick it here no more flame vibrations and one with previous ones Whistles frequently observed by burners are avoided in this way.
- the hot flue gases 11 are via a line, not shown taken from the combustion chamber 12 delimited by the combustion chamber wall 1, on the bottom 13 of which the burner is arranged.
- FIG. 2 shows additional heating for a burner plate 4 or the burner surface 4a.
- the heating is by means of an electrical power source 14 to which the burner plate 4 connected via a corresponding connecting cable 15 and from which it is supplied with electrical current.
- This electric current causes heating on the burner plate 4, because whose material offers a certain resistance to the current.
- the heating of the burner surface 4a caused thereby also leads to stabilize the ignition of the individual flames forming the carpet of flames Second
- This radiation shield is caused by hot flue gases 18 from the individual flames 2 composite flame carpet to a temperature of the order of magnitude heated from approx. 800 - 1,000 ° C.
- the radiation shield one compared to the cooled combustion chamber wall 1 or unheated burner surface 4a significantly higher temperature and it begins to radiate energy like a hot solid, being a a certain proportion of this as a net radiation heat flow 19 onto the surface 4a of the burner 4 is emitted.
- This radiant heat heats up the burner surface 4a accordingly, so that this too How an ignition stabilization is achieved and that already mentioned Whistling no longer occurs.
- the radiation shield 17 is parallel to in the example shown here Burner plate 4 aligned, but it can also be compared to the burner plate if the heating is weakened the burner plate 4 by the radiation shield 17 in certain areas is desired.
- the radiation shield 17 consists of a ceramic material that is selected for its suitability as a hot solid-state heater. It can also be made of metal.
- the radiation shield can also be designed in the form of a lattice or rust, then by choosing an appropriate distance between the individual grid or grate spacings a distribution of heat radiation is possible according to the specific requirements.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Feuerung, insbesondere eine Kleinfeuerung für den häuslichen Nutzungsbereich, mit einem Brenner, der eine Vielzahl von zueinander eng benachbarten Brenneraustrittsöffnungen aufweist, durch die ein Brennstoff-/Luftgemisch strömt, das stromabwärts des Brenners verbrannt wird.The invention relates to a furnace, in particular a small furnace for domestic use, with a burner that has a variety of burner outlet openings closely adjacent to one another, through which a fuel / air mixture flows, the downstream the burner is burned.
Feuerungen dieser Art finden sich in Gasboilern oder Gasheizthermen oder -heizkessel, wobei der Brenner üblicherweise aus einem metallischen oder keramischen Werkstoff gefertigt ist. Aufgrund der vielen Austrittsöffnungen spricht man auch von einem "multiple-port" oder einem "Teppichbrenner". Diesen Brennern wird üblicherweise vorgemischtes Brennstoff-/Luftgemisch zugeführt. Der Brenner ist zumindest abschnittsweise siebartig ausgeführt und das Brennstoff-/Luftgemisch tritt durch die derart gebildeten eng benachbarten Brenneraustrittsöffnungen laminar hindurch und wird stromabwärts in einer Vielzahl von Einzelflammen verbrannt, die jeweils einzelnen Brenneraustrittsöffnungen zuzuordnen sind. Entsprechende Feuerungen bzw. Brenner sind beispielsweise beschrieben in der US-A-3 805 763, DE-A-1 551 790, JP-A-08 135 914 oder der JP-A-01 310 217.Furnaces of this type can be found in gas boilers or gas heating systems or boiler, the burner usually made of a metallic or ceramic material. Because of the many Exit openings are also referred to as a "multiple port" or one "Carpet burner". These burners are usually premixed Fuel / air mixture supplied. The burner is at least sectionally designed sieve-like and the fuel / air mixture passes through the closely adjacent burner outlet openings thus formed laminar through and is downstream in a variety of Single flames burned, the individual burner outlet openings are to be assigned. Appropriate furnaces or burners are for example described in US-A-3 805 763, DE-A-1 551 790, JP-A-08 135 914 or JP-A-01 310 217.
An derartigen Feuerungen können Flammen-/Druckschwingungen auftreten, wie sie auch bei industriellen Verbrennungsanlagen, wie zum Beispiel Gasturbinenbrennkammern, Industrieöfen etc. bekannt sind. Während die bei den industriellen Verbrennungsanlagen auftretenden Druckschwingungen aber in der Regel vergleichsweise niedrige Frequenzen und hohe Amplituden aufweisen, sind die bei den hier beschriebenen Kleinfeuerungen auftretenden Druckschwingungen häufig durch hohe Frequenz aber niedrige Amplituden gekennzeichnet. Damit tritt an diesen Anlagen eine nicht tolerierbare akustische Belastung auf in Form eines Pfeifens. Um dieses Pfeifen beseitigen zu können, werden von den Brenner- bzw. Geräteherstellern unter hohem finanziellen Aufwand Möglichkeiten gesucht, das Auftreten dieser Verbrennungsinstabilitäten durch Änderungen am Brenner oder an der Brennkammergeometrie zu verhindern.Flame / pressure vibrations can occur on such furnaces, as they are in industrial incineration plants, such as Example gas turbine combustion chambers, industrial furnaces, etc. are known. While those occurring in industrial incineration plants Pressure vibrations, however, are usually comparatively low frequencies and have high amplitudes are those described here Pressure fluctuations often occur in small furnaces characterized by high frequency but low amplitudes. In order to there is an intolerable acoustic load on these systems in the form of a pipe. To be able to eliminate this whistle by the burner or device manufacturers at great financial expense Were looking for the occurrence of these burn instabilities due to changes to the burner or the combustion chamber geometry to prevent.
Dabei weiß man zwar, dass das Auftreten dieser Schwingungen an eine diskrete Kombination der feuerungstechnischen Betriebsparameter wie thermische Leistung, Luftzahl und Brennstoffart gebunden ist, letztlich ist man aber auf empirisch erhaltene Maßnahmen angewiesen.We do know that the occurrence of these vibrations on a discrete combination of the firing operating parameters such as thermal power, air ratio and fuel type, ultimately but one is dependent on empirically obtained measures.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, eine oben beschriebene Feuerung derart weiterzubilden, dass die Schwingungen, das heißt also das Pfeifen, unter den üblichen Betriebsbedingungen im gewünschten Regelbereich der Feuerung nicht mehr auftreten.The object of the present invention is therefore one described above To further develop the furnace so that the vibrations, that is So the whistling, under the usual operating conditions in the desired Control range of the furnace no longer occur.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass die Brenneroberfläche im Bereich der Brenneraustrittsöffnungen beheizt ist, wobei sie mit einer Zuführvorrichtung für heiße Rauchgase verbunden ist, wodurch die Brenneroberfläche durch Wärmetausch mit heißen, ausgebrannten Rauchgasen beheizt wird, wobei das Rauchgas in einer doppelwandigen. Brennerplatte geführt wird, in die die Brenneraustrittsöffnungen als Durchtrittskanäle eingearbeitet sind, so dass sich die Rauchgase nicht mit dem Frischgasgemisch vermischen können.This object is achieved in that the burner surface is heated in the area of the burner outlet openings, whereby it is connected to a supply device for hot flue gases, whereby the burner surface by heat exchange with hot, burned out Flue gases are heated, the flue gas being in a double wall. Burner plate is guided into which the burner outlet openings are incorporated as through channels, so that the Cannot mix flue gases with the fresh gas mixture.
Der Erfindung liegt dabei die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass die den Flammenteppich bildenden Einzelflammen nicht ausreichend zündstabilisiert sind. Bei den oben angesprochenen industriellen Verbrennungsanlagen werden hierzu konstruktive Maßnahmen ergriffen. Dies ist aber bei den hier interessierenden Brennern aufgrund der Vielzahl der Austrittsöffnungen, aus denen das Brenngas-/Luftgemisch in vielen Einzelstrahlen austritt, aus wirtschaftlichen Gründen nicht vertretbar. The invention is based on the knowledge that the flame carpet single flames not sufficiently stabilized are. In the industrial incineration plants mentioned above constructive measures are taken for this. But this is with the burners of interest here due to the large number of outlet openings, from which the fuel gas / air mixture in many individual jets leaves, not justifiable for economic reasons.
Deswegen treten insbesondere bei Mager-Vormischverbrennungen von gas- oder dampfförmigen Brennstoffen Verbrennungsinstabilitäten auf. Für diese gibt es mehrere sich teilweise auch gegenseitig beeinflussende Ursachen. Zum einen ändern sich die Wärmefreisetzungsraten der Flammen periodisch, zum anderen ändert sich die axiale Position, an dem das aus der Brenneraustrittsöffnung ausströmende Gas entzündet wird, wobei diese als "Zündschwingung" bezeichnete Fluktuation der Zündzonen relativ zur Brenneroberfläche als wesentliche Ursache des Pfeifens angesehen wird.This is why lean premix burns occur in particular gaseous or vaporous fuels combustion instabilities. For these there are several, some of which are mutually influencing Causes. Firstly, the heat release rates change Flames periodically, on the other hand the axial position changes which ignites the gas flowing out of the burner outlet opening , this fluctuation called the "ignition oscillation" Ignition zones relative to the burner surface as the main cause of the Whistle is viewed.
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Beheizung wird jetzt eine deutlich erhöhte Brenneroberflächentemperatur erreicht, was als Folge eine erhebliche Verbesserung der Zündstabilität der Flamme hat und so die Zündschwingungen unterdrückt.The heating according to the invention now increases significantly Burner surface temperature reached, which is a significant consequence Has improved ignition stability of the flame and so the ignition vibrations suppressed.
Soweit hier von der Beheizung der Brenrieroberfläche gesprochen wird, wird darunter auch verstanden, lediglich Bereiche der Brenneroberfläche entsprechend zu beheizen, in denen aufgrund der spezifischen lokalen Randbedingungen normalerweise erste Instabilitäten auftreten können, die dann entsprechende Schwingungen im gesamten Flammenteppich initiieren können.As far as the heating of the burner surface is mentioned, is also understood to mean only areas of the burner surface heat accordingly, due to the specific local Boundary conditions normally first instabilities can occur the corresponding vibrations in the entire flame carpet can initiate.
Weiterhin wird vorgeschlagen, den Brenner zusätzlich elektrisch zu beheizen. Vorzugsweise wird der Brenner hierzu aus einem Material gefertigt, das sich bei Durchleitung eines elektrischen Stromes in ausreichendem Maße erhitzt.It is also proposed to additionally heat the burner electrically. For this purpose, the burner is preferably made of a material that is sufficient when an electrical current is passed through Dimensions heated.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird die Brenneroberfläche weiterhin durch eine Wärmebestrahlung erwärmt, wozu ihr gegenüber ein Strahlungsschild in der Feuerung angeordnet wird. Dieses Strahlungsschild, ist ein sowohl im Verhältnis zur Brenneroberfläche als auch im Verhältnis zu der in der Regel wassergekühlten Brennkammerwand heißer Festkörper. Die von diesem ausgehende Wärmestrahlung erhöht die Temperatur der Brenneroberfläche, so daß sich bei dieser eine einheitliche, deutlich erhöhte Oberflächentemperatur einstellt, was eine Verbesserung der Zündstabilität der Flamme zur Folge hat und die Zündschwingungen unterdrückt. Es bietet sich an, das Strahlungsschild durch die Flammen oder die Rauchgase zu beheizen, die am Strahlungsschild vorbeistreifen. Diese haben eine Temperatur von ca. 1.200 - 1.400 °C, so daß das Strahlungsschild auf eine Temperatur von ca. 800 - 1.000 °C oder darüber erhitzt wird.In a preferred embodiment, the burner surface continues warmed by heat radiation, for which purpose a radiation shield is placed in the furnace. This radiation shield, is both in relation to the burner surface and in relation to the usually water-cooled combustion chamber wall of hot solids. The heat radiation emanating from this increases the temperature the burner surface, so that there is a uniform, significantly increases surface temperature, which is an improvement the ignition stability of the flame and the ignition vibrations suppressed. It lends itself to the radiation shield through the To heat flames or the flue gases that roam past the radiation shield. These have a temperature of approx. 1,200 - 1,400 ° C, see above that the radiation shield is at a temperature of approx. 800 - 1,000 ° C or heated above.
Das Strahlungsschild kann dabei sowohl aus metallischem Material sein, zum Beispiel Edelstahl, oder aber auch aus keramischem Material. Wesentlich ist, daß das Material bei der hohen Temperatur widerstandsfähig gegen Oxidation etc. bleibt und die entsprechenden Strahlungseigenschaften eines Festkörperstrahlers bei einer ausreichenden Strahlungsemissivität entwickelt.The radiation shield can be made of metallic material, for example stainless steel, or also made of ceramic material. Essential is that the material is resistant to the high temperature against oxidation etc. remains and the corresponding radiation properties a solid-state radiator with sufficient radiation emissivity developed.
Der Abzug der Rauchgase wird unter Strömungsgesichtspunkten nicht behindert, wenn das Strahlungsschild insbesondere gitterförmig ausgebildet ist.The extraction of the flue gases is not considered from a flow point of view hampers when the radiation shield is particularly grid-shaped is.
Um eine gleichmäßige Beheizung der Brenneroberfläche sicherzustellen, ist das Strahlungsschild vorzugsweise parallel zur Brenneroberfläche angeordnet, bei Ausführungsformen, bei denen eine spezielle Strahlungscharakteristik notwendig ist, ist aber auch eine geneigte Stellung des Strahlungsschildes gegenüber der Brenneroberfläche denkbar.To ensure uniform heating of the burner surface, the radiation shield is preferably parallel to the burner surface arranged, in embodiments in which a special radiation characteristic is necessary, but is also an inclined position of the radiation shield to the burner surface is conceivable.
Bei einem im wesentlichen rohrförmigen Brenner mit senkrechter Achse, der an seiner Mantelfläche die Brenneraustrittsöffnungen aufweist, ist eine Beheizung der Brenneroberfläche insbesondere an dem unteren Bereich notwendig, an dem sie nicht durch an ihr hochstreichende Rauchgase erhitzt wird. Dies wird vorteilhafterweise durch ein konzentrisch um den Brenner herum angeordnetes Strahlungsschild erreicht, das die Form eines zylindrischen Rohres oder eines Kegelstumpfes aufweist.With an essentially tubular burner with a vertical axis, which has the burner outlet openings on its lateral surface heating the burner surface, especially on the lower one Area necessary where it is not by stroking on it Flue gases is heated. This is advantageously done by a concentric radiation shield placed around the burner is reached, which has the shape of a cylindrical tube or a truncated cone.
Weitere Vorteile und Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen. Dabei zeigt
- Figur 1
- einen durch Rauchgase beheizten Brenner;
Figur 2- einen elektrisch beheizten Brenner;
Figur 3- einen durch ein Strahlungsschild beheizten Brenner.
- Figure 1
- a burner heated by flue gases;
- Figure 2
- an electrically heated burner;
- Figure 3
- a burner heated by a radiation shield.
In Figur 1 ist eine Feuerung im Schnitt dargestellt. Diese Feuerung weist
eine wassergekühlte Brennkammerwand 1 auf, wobei das an dieser
Brennkammerwand anfallende Kühlwasser die Nutzwärme der Feuerung
trägt. Die Temperatur der Brennkammerwand liegt dabei in einem Bereich
in der Größenordnung von 100 °C. Die Brennkammerwand wird beheizt
durch heiße Rauchgase mit einer Temperatur von etwa 1.200 bis
1.400 °C, die von einem Flammenteppich erzeugt werden, der sich aus
einer Vielzahl von Einzelflammen 2 zusammensetzt. Diese Einzelflammen
2 entstehen an einer Vielzahl von Brenneraustrittsöffnungen 3, die
in einer Brennerplatte 4 ausgebildet sind. Dieser Brennerplatte wird über
ein Zuführrohr 5 ein vorgemischtes Brenngas-/Luftgemisch 6 zugeführt,
das durch die Brenneraustrittsöffnungen 3 der Brennerplatte 4 hindurchtritt
und dann entsprechend verbrannt wird. Da das Brenngas-/Luftgemisch
(Frischgasgemisch) selbst relativ kühl ist, insbesondere
etwa Umgebungstemperatur hat, wird auch die Brennerplatte, durch die
es strömt, etwa auf dieser Temperatur gehalten.In Figure 1, a furnace is shown in section. This furnace shows
a water-cooled combustion chamber wall 1, which on this
Combustion chamber wall cooling water the useful heat of the furnace
wearing. The temperature of the combustion chamber wall is in a range
in the order of 100 ° C. The combustion chamber wall is heated
through hot flue gases with a temperature of about 1,200 to
1,400 ° C, which are generated by a flame carpet that is made up of
composed of a large number of
Um die Einzelflammen 2 an der Oberfläche 4a der Brennerplatte 4 entsprechend
zu stabilisieren, wird die Brennerplatte 4 beheizt. Im hier dargestellten
Beispiel ist die Brennerplatte 4 hierfür zweischalig ausgebildet,
indem eine Unterschale 7 mit Abstand zur Brennerplatte 4 vorgesehen
ist und das Zuführrohr 5 für das Brenngas-/Luftgemisch 6 abschließt.
Die Unterschale 7 ist mit Durchtrittsöffnungen 8 versehen, die
über einen Zwischenraum 9 hinweg mittels Röhrchen 10 an die Brenneraustrittsöffnungen
3 angeschlossen sind. Durch den Zwischenraum 9
werden heiße Brenngase 11 hindurchgeführt, die die Brennplatte 4 entsprechend
erhitzen, was an dieser über Wärmeleitung zu einer Erhöhung
der Temperatur der Brenneroberfläche 4a und damit zur Stabilisierung
der Einzelflammen 2 bzw. des Flammenteppichs führt. Damit treten
hier keine Flammenschwingungen mehr auf und ein bei bisherigen
Brennern häufig beobachtetes Pfeifen wird so vermieden.To the
Die heißen Rauchgase 11 werden über eine nicht dargestellte Leitung
der durch die Brennkammerwand 1 begrenzten Brennkammer 12 entnommen,
an deren Boden 13 der Brenner angeordnet ist.The hot flue gases 11 are via a line, not shown
taken from the
In der Figur 2 ist eine zusätzliche Beheizung für eine Brennerplatte 4
bzw. der Brenneroberfläche 4a dargestellt. Hier wird die Beheizung mittels
einer elektrischen Stromquelle 14 vorgenommen, an die die Brennerplatte
4 über ein entsprechendes Verbindungskabel 15 angeschlossen
ist und aus der sie mit elektrischem Strom versorgt wird. Dieser
elektrische Strom bewirkt an der Brennerplatte 4 eine Erwärmung, da
deren Material dem Strom einen gewissen Widerstand entgegenstellt.
Auch die hierdurch bewirkte Erwärmung der Brenneroberfläche 4a führt
zu einer Zündstabilisierung der den Flammenteppich bildenden Einzelflammen
2.FIG. 2 shows additional heating for a
Über Isolationsschichten 16 zwischen der Brennerplatte 4 und dem Boden
13 der Brennerkammer 12 wird eine elektrische Isolierung erreicht.Via insulation layers 16 between the
Eine weitere Möglichkeit zur Beheizung der Brenneroberfläche wird in der Figur 3 beschrieben.Another possibility for heating the burner surface is in of Figure 3 described.
Dort ist innerhalb der Brennkammer 12 der Feuerung gegenüber der
Brennerplatte 4 ein Strahlungsschild 17 befestigt. Dieses Strahlungsschild
wird durch heiße Rauchgase 18 des sich aus den Einzelflammen 2
zusammensetzenden Flammenteppich auf eine Temperatur in der Größenordnung
von ca. 800 - 1.000 °C erhitzt. Damit hat das Strahlungsschild
eine im Vergleich zur gekühlten Brennkammerwand 1 oder zur
unbeheizten Brenneroberfläche 4a deutlich höhere Temperatur und es
fängt an, wie ein heißer Festkörper Energie abzustrahlen, wobei ein
gewisser Anteil hiervon als Nettostrahlungswärmestrom 19 auf die Oberfläche
4a des Brenners 4 abgestrahlt wird. Diese Strahlungswärme erhitzt
die Brenneroberfläche 4a entsprechend, so daß auch auf diese
Weise eine Zündstabilisierung erreicht wird und das bereits erwähnte
Pfeifen nicht mehr auftritt.There is the combustion within the
Das Strahlungsschild 17 ist im hier dargestellten Beispiel parallel zur
Brennerplatte 4 ausgerichtet, es kann aber auch gegenüber der Brennerplatte
geneigt eingebaut werden, falls eine abgeschwächte Beheizung
der Brennerplatte 4 durch das Strahlungsschild 17 in gewissen Bereichen
erwünscht ist.The
Das Strahlungsschild 17 besteht aus einem keramischen Material, das
nach seiner Eignung als heißer Festkörperstrahler ausgesucht ist. Es
kann aber auch aus Metall gefertigt werden.The
Um die abströmenden Rauchgase nicht zu stark zu behindern, ist das Strahlungsschild im übrigen auch gitter- oder rostförmig auszubilden, wobei dann durch Wahl eines entsprechenden Abstandes zwischen den einzelnen Gitter- oder Rostabständen eine Verteilung von Wärmestrahlung entsprechend den spezifischen Anforderungen möglich ist.In order not to obstruct the outflowing smoke gases too much, this is In addition, the radiation shield can also be designed in the form of a lattice or rust, then by choosing an appropriate distance between the individual grid or grate spacings a distribution of heat radiation is possible according to the specific requirements.
Claims (11)
- Combustion device, particularly a small combustion device, with a burner (4) having a plurality of burner orifices (3) which are close together and through which there flows a fuel/air mixture which is burnt upstream of the burner, wherein the burner surface (4a) of the burner (4) is heated at least in the region of the burner orifices (3), characterised in that the combustion device is provided with a feeding device for hot flue gases (11) to the burner (4) for heating of the burner surface (4a) and that the flue gas (11) is ducted in a double-walled burner plate (4) which has the burner orifices (3) as through channel (10).
- Combustion device as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the burner surface (4a) can be heated electrically.
- Combustion device as claimed in Claim 2, characterised in that the burner (4) is made from a material which heats up when an electric current is passed through it.
- Combustion device as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the burner surface (4a) is disposed opposite a radiator plate (17).
- Combustion device as claimed in Claim 4, characterised in that the radiator plate (17) is heated by the flames (2) or the flue gases therefrom.
- Combustion device as claimed in Claim 4, characterised in that the radiator plate (17) is made from metallic material.
- Combustion device as claimed in Claim 4, characterised in that the radiator plate (17) is made from ceramic material.
- Combustion device as claimed in Claim 4, characterised in that the radiator plate (17) is in the form of a grating.
- Combustion device as claimed in Claim 4, characterised in that the radiator plate (17) is disposed parallel to the burner (4).
- Combustion device as claimed in Claim 4, characterised in that the radiator plate (17) has a position which is inclined relative to the burner surface (4).
- Combustion device as claimed in Claim 4, characterised in that the burner (4) is tubular and has radial gas outlet openings (3), and that the radiator plate (17) is constructed as a tube disposed concentrically with the burner (4) or as a truncated cone.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19604585A DE19604585A1 (en) | 1996-02-08 | 1996-02-08 | Small firing for domestic use |
| DE19604585 | 1996-02-08 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0794384A2 EP0794384A2 (en) | 1997-09-10 |
| EP0794384A3 EP0794384A3 (en) | 1999-02-03 |
| EP0794384B1 true EP0794384B1 (en) | 2002-11-20 |
Family
ID=7784859
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97100752A Expired - Lifetime EP0794384B1 (en) | 1996-02-08 | 1997-01-18 | Small combustion device for domestic use |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0794384B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE228226T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19604585A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5529126B2 (en) | 2008-07-08 | 2014-06-25 | ナムローゼ・フェンノートシャップ・ベーカート・ソシエテ・アノニム | Improved radiant burner |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1551790C3 (en) * | 1967-07-18 | 1978-03-09 | Irene 4600 Dortmund-Hoerde Goch Geb. Putsch | Burner plate made in particular of ceramic material for flameless combustion |
| US3805763A (en) * | 1972-08-21 | 1974-04-23 | E Cowan | Flush-mountable, self-cooling gas-fired heater |
| US4397631A (en) * | 1980-09-08 | 1983-08-09 | The Carlin Company | Pre-mix forced draft power gas burner |
| FR2589555B1 (en) * | 1985-11-06 | 1989-11-10 | Gaz De France | BLOW AIR GAS BURNER |
| JPH01310217A (en) * | 1988-06-09 | 1989-12-14 | Rinnai Corp | Combustion plate |
| JPH08135914A (en) * | 1994-11-09 | 1996-05-31 | Tokyo Gas Co Ltd | Low nox gas burner |
-
1996
- 1996-02-08 DE DE19604585A patent/DE19604585A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-01-18 DE DE59708741T patent/DE59708741D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-01-18 AT AT97100752T patent/ATE228226T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-01-18 EP EP97100752A patent/EP0794384B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE228226T1 (en) | 2002-12-15 |
| DE19604585A1 (en) | 1997-08-14 |
| EP0794384A2 (en) | 1997-09-10 |
| EP0794384A3 (en) | 1999-02-03 |
| DE59708741D1 (en) | 2003-01-02 |
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