Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
  • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
  • D06P1/667—Organo-phosphorus compounds
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
  • D06M13/325—Amines
  • D06M13/342—Amino-carboxylic acids; Betaines; Aminosulfonic acids; Sulfo-betaines
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
  • D06M13/44—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen containing nitrogen and phosphorus
  • D06M13/453—Phosphates or phosphites containing nitrogen atoms
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
  • D06P1/0004—General aspects of dyeing
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
  • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
  • D06P1/64—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing low-molecular-weight organic compounds without sulfate or sulfonate groups
  • D06P1/651—Compounds without nitrogen
  • D06P1/65106—Oxygen-containing compounds
  • D06P1/65118—Compounds containing hydroxyl groups

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the use of pro-liposome compositions in the textile industry, providing advantages in three processes necessary within the general finishing operations of the textile industry: bleaching, dyeing and smoothing.
• pro-liposome compositions permits an economic saving in raw materials used and at the same time reduces the pollutant content of the system.
• the invention also relates to the method of preparing dyeing baths which use said pro-liposome compositions to produce liposomes charged with the necessary dyes.
• the dyeing solution is prepared by dissolving or dispersing the dye in water at a temperature of approximately 100°C. The resulting mixture is then placed in contact with the material to be dyed. Although many molecules of the dye may adhere to the surface of the material when they come into contact with same, the dyeing is not carried out until the particles of dye penetrate the fibres or films.
• Substances which do not colour the product to be dyed but which assist the dyeing process are added to the dyeing bath in order to make the dye penetrate into said fibres or films. Most of these substances act by opening the structure of the fibre so that the dye molecules can enter more easily and reach zones which would otherwise be inaccessible.
• One of the substances habitually used to boost the dyeing method is sodium sulphate. This is a water-soluble hygroscopic compound which is used for its surfactant properties.
• Also used for the same purpose are synthetic dye supplements which together with the sodium sulphate accelerate the dyeing by dispersing dissolving the dye, thus achieving homogeneity of colour in the fibres of the fabric to be dyed.
• a quantity of a strong acid, such as sulphuric acid, is added to the bath to make the dye adhere to the fibre.
• liposomes as membrane models, drug vehicles and vaccine adjuvants and other applications in the field of genetics, foodstuffs and cosmetics.
• compositions of the liposomes can vary in function of their application, but in general they are made up of phospholipids.
• Phospholipids are amphiphilic molecules since they have a polar head, the choline group in the case of phosphatidylcholine and two hydrophobic tails of 14 to 18 atoms of carbon each, whose origin are fatty acids.
• liposome In the presence of water, these molecules tend to group together spontaneously to form spherical lipidic double layers, in such a way that said hydrophobic tails are arranged inside the double layers and the polar heads on the exterior, interacting with the water.
• the said resulting structure is called liposome.
• pro-liposome compositions have been applied in the pharmaceutical and cosmetics field, as described in European patent EP-0 158 441 B1. That patent describes a pro-liposome composition which includes a uniform mixture of at least one membrane lipid, at least one water-miscible organic solvent and a quantity of water, the weight ratio between the membrane lipid and the water-miscible organic solvent being between 40:1 and 1:20.
• the liposomes have little stability for storage under the conditions prevailing in a textile factory (oxidizing atmosphere).
• anti-oxidant substances must be added to the solution, which hinders the oxidizing degradation in the bath.
• the liquid trapped inside the liposomes is the one which the manufacturer added during the formulation procedure of said liposomes. This is therefore a liquid prepared in advance and not suited to the requirements of the dye baths of the various textile industries.
• the present invention resolves the said disadvantages, while at the same time providing advantages which will be described below.
• the present invention relates to the use of pro-liposome compositions comprising a uniform mixture of at least one membrane lipid, at least one water-miscible organic solvent and an amount of water, the proportion by weight of the membrane lipid to the water-miscible organic solvent being from 40:1 to 1:20, for the preparation of dyeing, bleaching and smoothing baths in the textile industry.
• Suitable membrane lipids are preferably phospholipids, for example natural lecithins such as soya lecithin, rapeseed, sunflower and synthetic lecithins such as dipalmitoylphosphatidyicholine. Glycolipids can also be used.
• the phospholipids used are phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylinositol.
• the vegetable composition comprises from 35% to 45% of a complex of phospholipids, glycerol (2% to 15%), an alcohol which can be ethanol, methanol or isopropanol (10% to 20%), the remainder being demineralized water.
• the composition may comprise phospholipids, a water soluble carrier, which can be a carbohydrate or any other water soluble solid substance.
• pro-liposome composition permits preparation of the liposomes at the right time, such as when preparing the dyeing, bleaching or smoothing bath, thus ensuring the stability necessary for the liposomes to develop their humectant capacity and transport the ayes or substances which charge the interior of the fabric.
• the dyeing and bleaching procedures preferably use a proportion by weight of pro-liposome composition to textile fabric of 0.05:100 to 1.5:100, while for the smoothing method the same proportion by weight is used, but relating to 100 kg of water instead of 100 kg of fabric.
• pro-liposome composition presents great stability under the storage conditions of a textile industry (oxidizing atmosphere). As the liposome forms at the desired time it is not necessary to add anti-oxidant substances to the dyeing solution to maintain the stability of the liposomes.
• liposomes lends the dyeing method greater efficacy, due to the greater penetration of the dye into the fabric fibres.
• the pro-liposome composition does not displace any other component, that is, the liposomes do not transport dye as in the dyeing operation, but are added to the bath because their humectant capacity facilitates peneration into the fabric, smooths it and enhances the final degree of bleaching.
• the addition of the pro-liposome composition to the bath permits partial or total substitution of the silicone and acetic acid normally used, thereby providing a saving in raw materials and reduction of the final pollutant content of the bath.
• pro-liposome composition reduces the number of compounds usually employed in the dyeing bath and in the smoothing bath.
• pro-liposome composition allows dyeing technicians to add the dyes or other desired compounds to the liposomes, thus exercising an effect on control of changes of composition and pH of the dyeing bath.
• pro-liposome composition in the textile industry dyeing process achieves a 20-40% reduction in the concentration of dye in the waste water.
• the textile pro-liposome composition performs well at industrial level across the entire range of colours, whether plain colour or three-colours. It also shows good performance with acid dyes and chrome-based dyes.
• the pollutant content of the waste waters shows a 30% reduction of sulphates, an almost total disappearance of the residual dye in the bath, and a 10-20% reduction of the COD (amount of oxygen necessary to oxidize the residue present). It should also be taken into account that the phospholipids of the pro-liposome composition are biodegradable.
• the invention also relates to a method of preparing dyeing baths for textile products using the pro-liposome composition.
• the method comprises the following steps:
• Step (I) is carried out in three operations:
• step (I) the pro-liposome composition and the dye(s) or other substances used are mixed in an alcohol medium prior to adding the pre-heated water, as this improves the solubility of the latter in said medium.
• step (III) a portion of the total pro-liposome composition is added.
• liposomes prepared from mixing the pro-liposome with pre-heated water are blended with all ingredients of the bath and the textile is being pretreated for a short time before addition of the dye.
• the liposomes formed have a conditioning effet on the textile improving fixation of the dye to the fabric surface.
• pro-liposome compositions for the formation of liposomes provides good results in the following processes: in bleaching, as their humectant action permits better performance; in dyeing, as the dye is charged and transported, rendering possible more ecological and cheaper dyeing; and in smoothing, where silicones or smoothing products and acetic acid can be replaced totally or partially. In the three processes, it presents dual economic-ecological advantages.
• the pro-liposome composition is effective in fabric dyeing processes, showing an improvement in smoothness to the touch of fabrics treated with liposomes compared with fabrics obtained by the usual method, since liposomes perform excellently in the smoothing phase, totally or partially replacing the silicones which are used in conjunction with acetic acid.
• the bleaching operation using the pro-liposome composition in addition to improving the quality of the end product, does not increase the pollution of the bath.
• the smoothing method shows increased smoothness to the touch of the fabric when the pro-liposome composition is used.
• the pro-liposome composition also provides the advantage of being easy to handle, since the phospholipids are less dangerous to handle than the other products mentioned, such as the silicones, acetic acid, sulphuric acid, etc.
• pro-liposome composition permits, on the one hand, the implementation of lower-cost, less polluting dyeing methods which lend the end product better quality, and on the other hand, it permits the introduction of state-of-the-art methodology in the textile industry without the need for any additional technological infrastructure.
• This example describes the process to be followed for dyeing 100 kg of wool using composition 1.
• the mixture of solid colorant is added to 0.05 kg of the pro-liposome composition.
• the mixture is stirred and diluted in 10 liters of water pre-heated to 70°C. It is stirred again until a homogeneous mixture is obtained.
• the sulphuric acid is mixed with the rest of the water pre-heated to 80°C; the mixture of dyes and pro-liposome composition is then added to said mixture.
• the dyeing bath is then implemented until the desired colour and shade are achieved. This step can be implemented in a time shorter than that required by the usual dyeing method.
• the remains of dye present in the fabric are eliminated by washings with cold water.
• the fabric is then drained off and dried.
• This example describes the process to be followed for dyeing 100 kg of wool using composition 2.
• the mixture of solid colorant is added to 0,05 kg of the pro-liposome composition.
• the mixture is stirred and diluted with 10 liters of water pre-heated to 70°C. It is stirred again until a homogeneous mixture is obtained.
• the sulphuric acid is mixed with the rest of the water pre-heated to 40°C and a further 0.05 kg of pro-liposome composition is added.
• the temperature of the bath is increased to 80°C and the initial mixture of dye and pro-liposome composition is added, with total addition at this point in the method of 0.1 kg of pro-liposome composition.
• the dyeing bath is then implemented until the desired colour and shade are achieved. This step can be implemented in a time shorter than that required by the usual dyeing process.
• the remains of dye present in the fabric are eliminated by washings with cold water.
• the fabric is then drained off and dried.
• the preferable concentration by weight of pro-liposome composition is 0.05% of the fabric to be treated.
• This example describes the process to be followed for dyeing 100 kg of wool using compositon 2.
• the pro-liposome is mixed with 2 litres of water pre-heated to 70°C. It is stirred until a homogenous mixture is obtained.
• This mixture is then added to the total of the textile bath.
• the dyeing process is then continued until the desired colour and stade is achieved.
• pro-liposome composition reduces the pollutant content of sulphates and the charge necessary to oxidize the residue present (COD).
• COD charge necessary to oxidize the residue present
• pro-liposome composition also provides a saving of the raw material used for dyeing 100 kg of fabric.
• Raw material Usual kg needed Prolip. needed Sulphuric acid 3 3
• pro-liposome composition provides a comparative energy saving of 15.58% with respect to the energy expenditure using the usual dyeing method.
• a solution is prepared containing 0.75 kg of pro-liposome composition and 1,500 1 of water at ambient temperature. 100 kg of fabric is then submerged in the solution prepared, and this is left for the time necessary for incorporation of the smoothing agent, that is, the formed liposome, and therefore for depletion of the bath.
• a solution is prepared containing 1.5 kg of pro-liposome composition and 1,500 1 of water at ambient temperature. 100 kg of fabric is then submerged in the solution prepared, and this is left for the time necessary for incorporation of the smoothing agent, that is, the formed liposome, and therefore for depletion of the bath.
• pro-liposome is a highly versatile transporter which is capable of charging and delivering a wide range of substances: dyes, smoothing agents, etc.
• the mechanism of liposome formation by charging a substance is summarized as follows: to the pro-liposome composition or to the water (depending on the case) must be added the substance to be encapsulated and transported; with the addition of water there form spontaneously the liposomes which will contain said substance inside them.
• Utilization thereof permits access to or use of a cleaner technology and the introduction of a process methodology which requires no investment or infrastructure.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Cosmetics (AREA)
• Coloring (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=8293437

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

Cited By (3)

Citations (1)

Family Cites Families (7)

• 1996
  • 1996-01-17 ES ES9600094A patent/ES2111488B1/es not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1997
  • 1997-01-08 EP EP97100166A patent/EP0787852A3/de not_active Withdrawn

Patent Citations (1)

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