EP0780628A2 - Brûleur à prémélange pour un générateur de chaleur - Google Patents

Brûleur à prémélange pour un générateur de chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0780628A2
EP0780628A2 EP96810786A EP96810786A EP0780628A2 EP 0780628 A2 EP0780628 A2 EP 0780628A2 EP 96810786 A EP96810786 A EP 96810786A EP 96810786 A EP96810786 A EP 96810786A EP 0780628 A2 EP0780628 A2 EP 0780628A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
premix burner
flow
fuel
partial bodies
burner according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96810786A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0780628B1 (fr
EP0780628A3 (fr
Inventor
Hans Peter Knöpfel
Thomas Ruck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
ABB Research Ltd Sweden
Original Assignee
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
ABB Research Ltd Sweden
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Research Ltd Switzerland, ABB Research Ltd Sweden filed Critical ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Publication of EP0780628A2 publication Critical patent/EP0780628A2/fr
Publication of EP0780628A3 publication Critical patent/EP0780628A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0780628B1 publication Critical patent/EP0780628B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D17/00—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
    • F23D17/002—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel gaseous or liquid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/40—Mixing tubes or chambers; Burner heads
    • F23D11/402—Mixing chambers downstream of the nozzle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/07002—Premix burners with air inlet slots obtained between offset curved wall surfaces, e.g. double cone burners

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a premix burner according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention seeks to remedy this.
  • the object of the invention is to achieve flame stabilization in a premix burner of the type mentioned at the outset with maximized efficiency and minimization of pollutant emissions.
  • the essential measure of the invention relates to the position of the head-side fuel nozzle, which is upstream by a certain distance from the inflow of the combustion air is set back, this distance depends on the selected spray angle.
  • the mouth of the fuel nozzle comes to a standstill in the area of a solid casing, which means that openings can be provided radially around the nozzle mouth, through which purge air flows into the cross section induced by the fuel nozzle.
  • the flow cross-section of these openings is selected such that the air mass flow flowing through these openings in gas operation is not sufficient to shift the backflow zone further downstream.
  • the fuel spray acts practically as a jet pump, which increases the air mass flow through the openings mentioned. This causes a larger axial impulse that shifts the backflow zone further downstream.
  • Another advantage of the invention is that the fuel spray with a larger cone radius enters the main flow, that is to say into the combustion air flowing through the tangential air inlet slots, due to the setback of the fuel nozzle.
  • the fuel spray has already decayed from a film into drops in this plane and the conical surface area of this fuel spray has increased by a factor of 3 when entering the combustion air area from the tangential air inlet slots. This improves the spread of the fuel spray and does not hinder the inflow of the combustion air.
  • Another significant advantage of the invention is that by varying the opening cross-sections for the Air mass flow in the area of the fuel nozzle, the backflow zone and thus the flame position can be directly influenced during operation.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a premix burner, which is described in more detail in the following Fig. 2-5.
  • 1 is the representation of the fuel nozzle 103 placed in the middle, which is opposite the beginning 125 of the conical flow cross-section is set back upstream, the distance 126 depending on the selected spray angle 105.
  • the mouth 104 of the fuel nozzle 103 comes to rest in the region of the fixed casing 101a, 102a on the head side.
  • the fuel spray 105 resulting from the displacement of the fuel nozzle 103 enters the area covered by the main flow of the combustion air into the interior 114 of the burner with a larger cone radius, so that the fuel spray 105 no longer behaves as a solid compact body in this area.
  • radially or quasi-radially arranged openings 124 are provided in the area of the plane of the fuel spray orifice 104, through which a purge air flows into the cross section induced by the size of the fuel nozzle 103.
  • the flow cross-section of these openings 124 is selected such that, in gas operation, the air mass flow flowing through these openings is not sufficient to shift the return flow zone (see FIG. 2, item 106) further downstream.
  • the fuel spray 105 acts practically as a jet pump, which increases the air mass flow through the openings 124 mentioned. This causes a larger axial impulse, which shifts the backflow zone further downstream, which acts as a good measure against back-ignition of the flame.
  • the schematically illustrated conical partial bodies 101, 102 are discussed in more detail in FIGS. 2-5.
  • the configuration and mode of operation of the tangential air inlet slots 119, 120 are also dealt with in more detail there.
  • FIGS. 3-5 In order to better understand the structure of the burner 100, it is advantageous if the individual cuts according to FIGS. 3-5 are used simultaneously with FIG. 2. Furthermore, in order not to make FIG. 2 unnecessarily confusing, the baffles 121a, 121b shown schematically in FIGS. 3-5 have only been hinted at. In the description of FIG. 2, reference is made below to the remaining FIGS. 3-5 as required.
  • the burner 100 according to FIG. 2 is a premix burner and consists of two hollow, conical partial bodies 101, 102 which are nested one inside the other in a staggered manner.
  • the offset of the respective central axis or longitudinal symmetry axes 101b, 102b of the conical partial bodies 101, 102 to one another creates a tangential air inlet slot or channel 119, 120 on both sides, in a mirror-image arrangement (cf. in particular FIGS. 3-5), through which the Combustion air 115 flows into the interior of the burner 100, ie into the cone cavity 114.
  • the conical shape of the partial bodies 101, 102 shown in the flow direction has a specific fixed angle.
  • the partial bodies 101, 102 may have an increasing or decreasing cone inclination in the flow direction, similar to a trumpet or tulip, respectively. Diffuser or confuser.
  • the last two forms are not included in the drawing, since they can be easily understood by a person skilled in the art.
  • the two tapered partial bodies 101, 102 each have a cylindrical starting part 101a, 102a, which, similarly to the conical partial bodies 101, 102, also run offset from one another, so that the tangential air inlet slots 119, 120 are present over the entire length of the burner 100.
  • a nozzle 103 is accommodated, which is set back with respect to the inner cone tip, as has already been explained in more detail under FIG. 1.
  • this nozzle 103 depends on the specified parameters of the respective burner 100.
  • the burner can be made purely conical, that is to say without cylindrical starting parts 101a, 102a, from a single part body with a single tangential air inlet slot, or from more than two part bodies.
  • the tapered partial bodies 101, 102 further each have a fuel line 108, 109, which are arranged along the tangential air inlet slots 119, 120 and are provided with injection openings 117, through which a gaseous fuel 113 is preferably injected into the combustion air 115 flowing through there, such as arrows 116 symbolize this.
  • These fuel lines 108, 109 are preferably placed at the latest at the end of the tangential inflow, before entering the cone cavity 114, in order to obtain an optimal air / fuel mixture.
  • the outlet opening of the burner 100 merges into a front wall 110, in which a number of bores 110a are provided.
  • the latter bores 110a come into operation as required and ensure that dilution air or cooling air 110b is supplied to the front part of the combustion chamber 122.
  • this air supply ensures flame stabilization at the outlet of the burner 100. This flame stabilization becomes important when it comes to supporting the compactness of the flame due to a radial flattening.
  • the fuel supplied through the nozzle 103 is preferably a liquid fuel 112, a gaseous fuel not being excluded. At most, these fuels can be enriched with a recirculated exhaust gas.
  • the liquid fuel 112 from the nozzle 103 forms a pronounced conical fuel spray 105, which is enclosed by the rotating combustion air 115 flowing in tangentially. In the axial direction, the concentration of the fuel 112 is rapidly and continuously reduced to an optimal mixture by the inflowing combustion air 115, also due to the displacement of the nozzle 103 that has already been recognized.
  • the burner becomes 100 Operated with a gaseous fuel 113, this is preferably done via nozzles 117, the formation of this fuel / air mixture occurring directly at the transition of the air inlet slots 119, 120 to the cone cavity 114.
  • the injection of the fuel 112 through the nozzle 103 fulfills the function of a head stage; it usually comes into play during commissioning and part-load operation. Of course, base load operation with a liquid fuel is also possible via this head stage.
  • combustion air 115 is additionally preheated or enriched with a recirculated exhaust gas, this supports the evaporation of the liquid fuel 112 that may be used before the combustion zone is reached.
  • liquid fuels are supplied via the lines 108, 109.
  • 3-5 now shows the geometrical configuration of the guide plates 121a, 121b. They have a flow introduction function, which, depending on their length, extend the respective end of the tapered partial bodies 101, 102 in the direction of flow relative to the combustion air 115.
  • the channeling of the combustion air 115 into the cone cavity 114 can be optimized by opening or closing the guide plates 121a, 121b around a pivot point 123 located in the region of the entry of this channel into the cone cavity 114, in particular this is necessary if the original gap size of the tangential air inlet slots 119, 120 is changed.
  • these dynamic arrangements can also be provided statically, in that guide baffles as required form a fixed component with the tapered partial bodies 101, 102. Burner 100 can also be operated without baffles, or other aids can be provided for this.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pressure-Spray And Ultrasonic-Wave- Spray Burners (AREA)
  • Spray-Type Burners (AREA)
EP96810786A 1995-12-21 1996-11-13 Brûleur à prémélange pour un générateur de chaleur Expired - Lifetime EP0780628B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19547914 1995-12-21
DE19547914A DE19547914A1 (de) 1995-12-21 1995-12-21 Vormischbrenner für einen Wärmeerzeuger

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0780628A2 true EP0780628A2 (fr) 1997-06-25
EP0780628A3 EP0780628A3 (fr) 1997-10-22
EP0780628B1 EP0780628B1 (fr) 2001-09-26

Family

ID=7780869

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96810786A Expired - Lifetime EP0780628B1 (fr) 1995-12-21 1996-11-13 Brûleur à prémélange pour un générateur de chaleur

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5800160A (fr)
EP (1) EP0780628B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3842357B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN1137341C (fr)
DE (2) DE19547914A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0849533A3 (fr) * 1996-12-19 1999-08-11 Asea Brown Boveri AG Dispositif de brûleur pour une turbine à gaz

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE59709791D1 (de) * 1997-09-19 2003-05-15 Alstom Switzerland Ltd Brenner für den Betrieb eines Wärmeerzeugers
DE10051221A1 (de) * 2000-10-16 2002-07-11 Alstom Switzerland Ltd Brenner mit gestufter Brennstoff-Eindüsung
WO2006058843A1 (fr) * 2004-11-30 2006-06-08 Alstom Technology Ltd Procede et dispositif de combustion d'hydrogene dans un bruleur a premelange
FR3018900B1 (fr) * 2014-03-19 2016-04-15 Yahtec Dispositif de bruleur a pre melange gaz

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0321809B1 (fr) 1987-12-21 1991-05-15 BBC Brown Boveri AG Procédé pour la combustion de combustible liquide dans un brûleur

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3179152A (en) * 1961-02-09 1965-04-20 Babcock & Wilcox Co Combination oil and gas burner
CH392746A (de) * 1962-01-12 1965-05-31 Elco Oelbrennerwerk Ag Brennerkopf
US3349826A (en) * 1965-06-09 1967-10-31 Babcock & Wilcox Co Combination oil and gas burner
US3339614A (en) * 1965-12-20 1967-09-05 Babcock & Wilcox Co Fuel burner plug
US4014639A (en) * 1975-04-10 1977-03-29 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Recirculating vortex burner
DE3427896A1 (de) * 1984-07-28 1986-01-30 Hans Georg Dipl.-Ing. Zimmermann (FH), 7100 Heilbronn Einblaseduese und deren anordnung im flammrohr, fuer oelbrenner mit aerosol-einblasung
EP0210462B1 (fr) * 1985-07-30 1989-03-15 BBC Brown Boveri AG Chambre de combustion double
US5193995A (en) * 1987-12-21 1993-03-16 Asea Brown Boveri Ltd. Apparatus for premixing-type combustion of liquid fuel
CH680157A5 (fr) * 1989-12-01 1992-06-30 Asea Brown Boveri
US5240409A (en) * 1992-04-10 1993-08-31 Institute Of Gas Technology Premixed fuel/air burners
DE4412315B4 (de) * 1994-04-11 2005-12-15 Alstom Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben der Brennkammer einer Gasturbine
DE4426353A1 (de) * 1994-07-25 1996-02-01 Abb Research Ltd Brenner

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0321809B1 (fr) 1987-12-21 1991-05-15 BBC Brown Boveri AG Procédé pour la combustion de combustible liquide dans un brûleur

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0849533A3 (fr) * 1996-12-19 1999-08-11 Asea Brown Boveri AG Dispositif de brûleur pour une turbine à gaz
US6038863A (en) * 1996-12-19 2000-03-21 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Burner arrangement for a gas turbine for preventing the ingress of fluids into a fuel passage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0780628B1 (fr) 2001-09-26
DE59607768D1 (de) 2001-10-31
EP0780628A3 (fr) 1997-10-22
JP3842357B2 (ja) 2006-11-08
CN1163371A (zh) 1997-10-29
DE19547914A1 (de) 1997-06-26
CN1137341C (zh) 2004-02-04
US5800160A (en) 1998-09-01
JPH09184605A (ja) 1997-07-15

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