EP0780627B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reinigung der Endplatte eines Wärmetauschers vom Innern des Wärmetauscherbündels - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reinigung der Endplatte eines Wärmetauschers vom Innern des Wärmetauscherbündels Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0780627B1
EP0780627B1 EP96402509A EP96402509A EP0780627B1 EP 0780627 B1 EP0780627 B1 EP 0780627B1 EP 96402509 A EP96402509 A EP 96402509A EP 96402509 A EP96402509 A EP 96402509A EP 0780627 B1 EP0780627 B1 EP 0780627B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tubes
lance
cleaning
layers
tube plate
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP96402509A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0780627A1 (de
Inventor
Bernard Magnin
Alain Vouzelaud
Martin Bourdelet
Catherine Weber-Guevara
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Areva NP SAS
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Framatome SA
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Publication of EP0780627A1 publication Critical patent/EP0780627A1/de
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
    • F28G3/00—Rotary appliances
    • F28G3/16—Rotary appliances using jets of fluid for removing debris
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/48—Devices for removing water, salt, or sludge from boilers; Arrangements of cleaning apparatus in boilers; Combinations thereof with boilers
    • F22B37/483—Devices for removing water, salt, or sludge from boilers; Arrangements of cleaning apparatus in boilers; Combinations thereof with boilers specially adapted for nuclear steam generators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device. for cleaning a tube plate of a heat exchanger heat and in particular a steam generator a pressurized water nuclear reactor, by jets of liquid, from inside the beam.
  • Pressurized water nuclear reactors have steam generators for heating and the spraying of feed water by the heat transported by water under cooling pressure from the reactor core.
  • Underwater reactors pressure comprise, on each of their primary branches, a steam generator having a primary part in which water circulates under cooling pressure of the reactor and a secondary part receiving feed water which is heated and vaporized gradually and comes out of the secondary part of the steam generator in the form of steam which is sent a turbine associated with the nuclear reactor to ensure the drive of a generator of current production electric.
  • Such steam generators have a generally cylindrical outer casing arranged with its vertical axis and integral with a tubular plate substantially horizontal with the underside or face inlet constitutes a wall of the feed water box of the pressurized water steam generator constituting the primary fluid.
  • the steam generator also has a bundle of bent U-shaped tubes each comprising two straight branches parallel to each other whose ends are fixed in holes passing through the tube plate between the underside of the plate entry tubular and the upper outlet face through which the bundle tubes enter the abutment of the steam generator which is delimited by an envelope internal beam disposed in a position coaxial inside the external envelope of the generator vapor and delimiting an annular space with the outer envelope.
  • the internal envelope has a lower end located some distance above of the upper face of the tube plate, of so as to provide a passage space for the feed water of the steam generator which is introduced into the abutment through the annular space.
  • the passage and fixing holes of the tubes of the bundle in the tube plate are arranged following a regular network over the entire surface of the plate tubular, except for the peripheral part of the tubular plate which constitutes an annular free way directly above the annular space for the supply of water and a central part of diametrical direction constituting a central alley or water street on either side and other of which are arranged the straight branches tubes.
  • the tubes in the central part of the bundle define a free space between their straight branches extending in the axial direction of the tubes and beam, above the central aisle of the plate tubular.
  • the bundle tubes are bent in a U and have a central part of substantially semi-circular shape whose radius of curvature varies between minimum value for the tubes located in the central part of the bundle with straight branches on either side of the water street and a maximum value for tubes located at the peripheral part of the bundle.
  • Beam tubes bent in a U-shape are arranged along a plurality of parallel flat sheets between each comprising a set of tubes, the radii of curvature vary between a minimum value and a maximum value.
  • the sheets of tubes which are perpendicular at the water generator steam street feature a decreasing number of tubes from the part central beam, to the peripheral part, in the direction of the central water street.
  • the flat sheets each made up of a set of tubes bent in U whose radii of curvature are croissants from the internal part to the part of the water table are separated from each other by spaces with a substantially constant width, this width can be of the order of 10 mm.
  • the pressurized water that constitutes the primary fluid cooling of the heart is brought into a compartment of the water box, so as to be distributed under the entry face of the tube plate, in the inlet ends of the bundle tubes. Water under high temperature pressure then flows through bundle tubes to protrude through the ends of outlet of these tubes in a second compartment of the water box connected to the primary circuit of the reactor for return cooling water to the tank.
  • the feed water which is brought in and distributed in the annular free space around the envelope of beam travels up and down in free space annular, enters the bundle envelope below from its lower end then comes into contact with the beam tubes through the wall of which heat exchange takes place between the primary fluid and feed water.
  • the feed water is heated gradually then vaporized during its journey in contact with the beam tubes in the direction vertical and from bottom to top.
  • the steam produced is dried in the part upper part of the steam generator and leaves the enclosure external by a tube connected to the upper end of the outer envelope.
  • the steam produced which is used in the turbine of the reactor is condensed and recovered at the level a condenser and then returned to the steam generator, so that the secondary part of the steam generator in which the feed water circulates works in closed circuit.
  • feed water is treated and has chemical characteristics that minimize its corrosion power.
  • feed water is loaded with corrosion products such as oxides which tend to deposit as sludge in parts of the secondary circuit where water feed circulates at low speed and in particular on the upper outlet face of the tube plate of the steam generator, between the bundle tubes.
  • corrosion products such as oxides which tend to deposit as sludge in parts of the secondary circuit where water feed circulates at low speed and in particular on the upper outlet face of the tube plate of the steam generator, between the bundle tubes.
  • the sludge deposited on the tube plate at the level of the joining the bundle tubes with the tube plate produce corrosion which can eventually lead to decrease in tube thickness, the formation of cracks in their wall and possibly their rupture.
  • the steam generator tubes must be cleaned regularly during shutdown phases to maintenance and recharging of the nuclear reactor and even before industrial commissioning.
  • This cleaning can be done by sending water jets on the upper outlet surface of the tube plate between the rows of tubes of the bundle, in the direction from the center to the periphery of the beam.
  • the sludge is detached from the outlet face of the tubular plate and directed towards the peripheral free space located around the bottom of the beam on the upper face of the tube plate where they are sucked in, for example through piping through an opening passing through the outer envelope of the steam generator.
  • Such liquid jet cleaning can be carried out by introducing a lance capable of forming liquid jets, inside the envelope of the steam generator, through a manhole the outer envelope and the generator beam envelope steam.
  • a cleaning assembly comprising particularly a cleaning ramp supplied with water under pressure and comprising an oscillating mounted nozzle holder around an axis parallel to the central water street and to the tube plate and carrying a set of nozzles capable cleaning the tube plate along several aisles between the rows of perpendicular tubes to the central water street of the generator steam.
  • the oscillation of the nozzles around a parallel axis to the tube plate and to the central water channel of the generator steam sweeps the aisles of the tube plate between the tubes, from a central area of the tube plate corresponding to the water street central and at least one peripheral zone of the plate tubular, outside the bundle envelope, in which are recovered the sludge detached by the jets water under high pressure sent to the tube plate from the central water street.
  • a cleaning device has been described allowing simultaneous cleaning of multiple aisles between rows of tubes, using a lance carried by a rail fixed in the water street central and comprising a nozzle holder mounted oscillating on a mobile support that can move on the rail in the central water street.
  • the device further comprises means of precise positioning of the support and the nozzle holder cooperating with a beam tube, in each support and nozzle holder working positions following the direction of the central water street of the generator steam.
  • the rail and the holder of the nozzle holder of the device cleaning can be brought on the street central water through the openings through the enclosure external and the generator envelope beam steam in the extension of the central water street of steam generator, called fist holes.
  • a flexible cleaning lance having a cross section substantially rectangular and a width less than the width of the space between the bundles of tube bundles which is introduced inside the bundle, between two layers of tubes, through one of the openings passing through the envelope outside of the steam generator harness, below from the lower end of the bundle envelope, these openings being called eye holes.
  • Eyeholes which have a diameter of around 50 mm allow access one or more spaces between the layers of tubes, using a flexible lance whose thickness is less than the width of the space between two layers of beam tubes, this width being of the order of 10 mm.
  • the lance allows cleaning a single space between two rows of tubes, this which not only increases the cleaning time but still does not allow cleaning perfect spaces between the tubes because these spaces are not attacked simultaneously by jets adjacent water.
  • the arrangement of the tubes of the generator beam of steam is defined by the shape of the network of holes through the tube plate or networks of holes passing through the spacer plates distributed along the length of the straight branches of the steam generator harness tubes.
  • a network commonly used in steam generators this square meshes, the openings receiving the ends of straight branches of bundle tubes being aligned in two directions at 90 ° to the plate steam generator tubular.
  • One of these directions corresponds to the direction of the central water street from the steam generator and the other direction at 90 ° corresponds to the direction of the flat layers of the tubes folded into a U and spaces between the flat sheets.
  • a device for cleaning a generator comprising a lance fitted with a launching head which can be inserted between two plies of tubes in the square mesh bundle of the steam generator for cleaning in two interstices between two rows of tubes perpendicular to the layers of tubes.
  • the head is integral with the lance which is rotatably mounted with an amplitude of ⁇ 45 ° and has jets forming jets oriented on both sides of a plane of symmetry of the head which is placed along the median planes of spaces between the plies of tubes during launching. So we train simultaneously in each of the interstices between the rows of perpendicular tubes to the plies a plurality of oscillating jets. With such a device, we cannot ensure a sufficient flow of each of the cleaning jets than by providing a very high flow pump. In addition, several jets come simultaneously strike the tube plate directly above each of the gaps between two rows of tubes.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to propose a cleaning process by liquid jets from a tube plate of a heat exchanger comprising a substantially cylindrical outer shell, a tubular plate transverse integral with the outer casing and a bundle of tubes bent in U whose ends are fixed in holes crossing the plate tubular, arranged in a plurality of parallel flat plies each containing a set of juxtaposed U-shaped tubes.
  • this process cleaning to effectively remove deposits located between the tubes constituting the flat layers of the tube bundle and of complete the action of cleaning the aisles of the tube plate between the plies of tubes carried out from the central water street of the generator harness steam, with a moderate cleaning liquid flow.
  • the invention also relates to a device for cleaning by jet of liquid from a tube plate of a heat exchanger comprising a substantially cylindrical outer shell. a transverse tubular plate integral with the external envelope, a bundle of tubes whose ends are fixed in holes crossing the tube plate between a inlet face constituting a wall of a water box and an outlet face by which the tubes of the bundle come out which are bent into a pin and which have straight branches parallel to one another arranged in a parallel flat sheets and following a regular network in planes transverse parallel to the faces of the tube plate, at least one opening crossing the outer shell in alignment with at least one space between two layers of successive tubes, the cleaning device comprising an at least partially flexible lance having a thickness less than the width of a space between two plies of bundle tubes and comprising means for forming at least one jet of liquid in a plane substantially perpendicular to the plies of tubes, when the lance is introduced between two layers of tubes through the opening of the external envelope, characterized by the fact that it comprises a stiffening support for the
  • Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of a generator steam from a pressurized water nuclear reactor.
  • Figure 2 is a partial view in elevation and in section of the generator steam.
  • Figure 3 is a plan view of the generator tubular plate of steam which is crossed by a network of square mesh holes.
  • FIG. 4 is a view in elevation and in section of a device for cleaning allowing the method according to the invention to be implemented.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic top view of the guide means and displacement of a flexible lance of the device shown in the figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a sectional view through a vertical plane of means of fixing of a device for guiding a lance at an eye hole of a steam generator.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic top view of means for moving and setting up the lance flexible cleaning.
  • Figure 8 is a partial elevational view means for guiding the cleaning lance inside of the steam generator harness.
  • FIG. 8A is a sectional view along A-A of Figure 8.
  • Figure 9 is a sectional view of a portion end of the lance of a cleaning device according to the invention comprising an oscillating nozzle holder.
  • FIG. 9A is a sectional view along AA of Figure 9.
  • Figure 10 is a top view and in section partial, of part of the lance of the cleaning.
  • Figure 11 is an axial sectional view of the nozzle holder of the lance of the cleaning device.
  • Figure 11A is a view along A of the figure 11.
  • Figure 11B is a rear view of the nozzle holder along B in Figure 11.
  • the outer casing 2 of the steam generator generally cylindrical shape is integral, to its part lower, of the tube plate 4.
  • the bundle tubes 3 of the steam generator are folded in U and each have two straight branches which are fixed by expansion and welding in the through openings the tube plate 4.
  • Below the tube plate 4, the cylindrical outer casing 2 of the generator steam is connected to a hemispherical bottom delimiting a water box 5 in two parts.
  • the tubular plate 4 is pierced with openings arranged in a square mesh network, as it is visible in Figure 3, over its entire surface, except for a central diametral direction zone and a peripheral zone of annular shape.
  • Each of the bundle tubes 3 bent into a U shape and having two parallel straight branches is fixed by a first straight branch in an opening located on the first side of the central diametral direction area of the tubular plate and by its second straight branch, in an opening located on a second side of the part central diametral of the tube plate.
  • the openings 7 of the tube plate intended to receive the end parts of the straight branches of the tubes of the beam arranged in a square mesh network are aligned in two directions at 90 °, one of directions being parallel to the central space of the tubular plate with no openings and the other direction perpendicular to the central part without openings of the tube plate defining rows of openings 7a.
  • the ends of the straight branches of a set beam tubes bent into a U are engaged and fixed in the openings of a row 7a, on both sides of the central part of the tube plate.
  • the tubes the end parts of which are fixed in the holes a row of holes 7a constitute a flat sheet 8 of adjacent tubes, as shown in Figure 2.
  • the tubes of the same flat sheet have curved upper parts with radius of curvature varies from a minimum for the tube located at the part center of the flat water table, up to a maximum for the tube located at the outer part of the flat sheet.
  • the tube located at the central part of the flat tablecloth whose radius of curvature of the hanger is the smallest is engaged by its end portions in two holes of a row holes 7a on the tube plate located on either side on the other side of the central part of the tube plate.
  • the minimum radius of curvature that can be given to the beam tubes determines the spacing of the branches straight lines with the smallest radii of curvature (small hangers) and therefore the width of the space central of the tube plate.
  • the beam 3 defines a free space at its central part or water street 10 located directly above the central area of diametrical direction of the tube plate not comprising no openings.
  • the straight branches of the bundle tubes are also maintained in perpendicular transverse planes to the axis of the beam and the generator envelope steam, following a regular mesh network squares corresponding to the array of holes in the plate tubular, by spacers 9 comprising a network of holes similar to the network of holes in the tube plate.
  • the outer casing 2 of the steam generator and the casing of beam 6 are crossed by openings 11 and 12 having a coaxial arrangement and opening into the central water street 10 of the generator beam steam.
  • These openings constitute the fist holes of the steam generator providing access to the water street central.
  • the generator envelope vapor and the bundle envelope are pierced with games openings in coaxial arrangements constituting punched holes, in two zones located on the same diameter at the ends of the central water street 10.
  • the outer casing 2 of the steam generator is crossed by two openings 13, 13 'having the same parallel axis to the tube plate 4 and perpendicular to the axis fist holes 12, in an area below the lower end of the bundle envelope 6.
  • the axis of the openings 13, 13 'called eye holes is substantially parallel to the plies of tubes 8 of the bundle of the steam generator. Eye holes such as 13 and 13 'which have a diameter of about 50 mm allow to access harness 3 of the steam generator, substantially in alignment with a space between two layers of steam generator tubes located at the central part of the beam.
  • the bundle tubes have a diameter close to 20 mm and are spaced a distance of around 10 mm, so that the space between the layers beam tube planes have a width of the order of 10 mm.
  • the axis of the eye holes 13 and 13 ' is generally located at a distance of the order of 250 mm above the tube plate, the lower part of the envelope beam 6 itself being at a height of the order of 300 mm above the tube plate and the axis of the fist holes 12 at a distance of the order of 500 mm.
  • the method and the device according to the invention enabled this cleaning to be carried out optimally.
  • FIG 4 there is shown schematically a cleaning device that can be used to implement the method according to the invention.
  • the outer casing 2 of the steam generator integral with the tubular plate 4 is crossed by a eye hole 13 in a position slightly above of the tube plate 4.
  • the device according to the invention mainly comprises a cleaning lance 14, a lance support 15 introduced inside the beam of the generator vapor through the eye hole 13 and comprising an assembly 16 fixing on the envelope of the steam generator eye hole level 13, a movement device 17 in translation of the cleaning lance 14 and a set 18 for supporting and guiding one end of the lance 14 remaining outside the envelope of the generator steam, movable on a rail 19; set 18 includes plus means for driving in rotation a nozzle holder 20 rotatably mounted about an axis parallel to the tubular plate 4 on an end part of the lance introduced inside the generator beam steam.
  • the cleaning lance 14 which is introduced at inside the steam generator harness enters two flat layers of tubes must be moved in translation along the longitudinal direction of space between the plies of tubes, so that the nozzles of the nozzle holders 20 can successively carry out the scanning of each of the spaces of the tube plate arranged between two successive rows of tubes of the beam perpendicular to the flat layers of tubes between which the lance 14 is inserted. It may be necessary to move the lance on a length corresponding to the inside diameter of the envelope of the steam generator, i.e. on a distance which can be of the order of 4 meters.
  • a curved rail 19 to support the guide assembly 18 of the end of the lance 14.
  • the guide assembly 18 which moves on the rail 19 is connected to at least one supply pipe 21 of the lance in a liquid under pressure and at a power supply cable 22, so as to ensure the power of the rotary drive motor the set 18.
  • the set 17 for translational training of the lance 14 comprises pairs of drive rollers in vis-à-vis engaging the lance 14.
  • the device 17 is placed in the extension of the fixing device 16 of the support and stiffening assembly 15.
  • the end of the support 15 of the lance 14 is fixed at the entrance of the hole eye 13, against the outer surface of the casing 2 of the steam generator, via the device fixing 16 comprising a plate 16a coming in support against the outer periphery of the eye hole 13 and opening an access hole to the eye hole as well as clamping screws such as 23 and stop screws such as 24 engaged with a crew 25 integral with the end part of the support 15.
  • the support 15 which has a thickness less than the width of the space between two plies of tubes is introduced through the hole of eye 13, inside the beam of the generator steam between two layers of tubes, below the end bottom of the bundle envelope 6.
  • the support 15 is constituted successive elements such as 15a, 15b, 15c ( Figure 4) which are assembled in the longitudinal extension one on the other to form a support of a length wanted to support and guide the lance 14 on a path corresponding for example to the radius or to the beam diameter.
  • the support 15 When the support 15 is completely engaged inside the casing 2 of the generator steam it is set up in a layout substantially parallel to the axis of the eyehole 13 and to the tubular plate 4 so as to bear against the upper edge of the eye hole.
  • the heel 15d is then inserted between the beam envelope 6 and the surface inside of the outer casing 2 of the generator steam, above the eye hole 13.
  • the clamping screws such as 23 coming to bear on the plate 16a and by its intermediary on the outer surface of the envelope external 2 of the steam generator, allow tightening the heel 15d against the surface inside of the envelope 2 of the steam generator.
  • the stiffener support 15 has in its part lower, over its entire length, a hanging rail 27 on which a head 30 of the lance 14 in which is mounted the nozzle holder 20 can be hooked by engagement of a complementary profiled part of the rail 27.
  • the lance is thus supported and guided, by its part anterior formed by the head 30, along the length rail 27 and stiffener support 15.
  • the rail 19 guide the cleaning lance 14, via of the guide assembly 18, rests on a solid concrete 28 of the steam generator casemate, by via adjustable telescopic legs such as foot 29. It is thus possible to precisely regulate the height position of the rail 19.
  • the cleaning lance 14 which has a front end formed by the head 30 in which the nozzle holder is mounted 20.
  • the head 30 of the lance 14 is a rigid part metal on which is fixed one end of the body of the lance 14 consisting of a flexible material such as a molded plastic.
  • the head 30 and the body of the lance have a width less than the width of the space free between two flat layers of bundle tubes.
  • the head 30 of the lance 14 in which is mounted the nozzle holder 20 has been shown in position inside a space between two layers of tubes 32, 32 'of the steam generator harness.
  • the body of lance 14 is engaged between two sets of rollers motorized 31 of the drive unit in translation 17 allowing the lance 14 to be moved in the direction longitudinal of the space between the plies of tubes, as shown schematically by arrow 33.
  • the rollers 31 whose spacing can be adjusted come in rubbing contact with the flat side faces of the body lance 14.
  • the steam generator tube plate Before starting a cleaning operation the steam generator tube plate, we realize a position adjustment of the nozzles of the nozzle holder 20.
  • the head 30 is engaged by the eye hole 13, in the part of the steam generator harness between the plies of tubes 32 and 32 ', as shown in the figure 7.
  • the nozzle holder 20 mounted mobile in rotation on the head 30 around an axis parallel to the tube plate in the longitudinal direction of the space between the layers tube planes is placed in a raised position in which the nozzles of the nozzle holder come slightly in protrusion in spaces formed between the tubes 32 'of one of the plies of tubes.
  • the head 30 is placed in a first position in which the front nozzle of the nozzle holder 20 comes in abutment against a first tube 32'a of the assembly of tubes 32 'from one of the flat sheets, to carry out the marking of a first mark 34 on the lance body 14, at an entry face of the drive assembly 17 with motorized rollers 31.
  • the recoil of the lance to stop the first nozzle of the nozzle holder 20 against a second tube 32'b of the sheet of tubes 32 ′ adjacent to tube 32 ′ a.
  • the nozzle spacing of the nozzle holder 20 corresponds at the exact spacing of the tubes of the defined beam by the square mesh network of the tubular cladding.
  • the lance and the head 30 are moved on which the nozzle holder 20 is mounted, step by step, each of the displacement steps corresponding to a multiple the distance between two beam tubes.
  • the head 30 of the lance 14 is produced by assembly of two metal parts 30a and 30b, via screws 36.
  • the part 30a has a cross section rectangular with identical shape and size to the shape and size of the body section lance 14 shown in Figure 10A.
  • the width of this section is less than the width of the space between two layers of flat tubes in the generator harness steam.
  • the part 30b added and fixed by the screws 36 against the part 30a also has a thickness less than the space between two layers of successive tubes.
  • the part 30a is machined to present four substantially parallel internal channels of longitudinal direction 37a, 37b, 37c and 37d including the entry part is enlarged diametrically, to receive the end a respective conduit 38a, 38b, 38c, 38d which is introduced inside the entrance part of the corresponding channel 37a, 37b, 37c, 37d of Exhibit 30a.
  • Channel 37a is machined in the longitudinal direction from room 30a to the vicinity of its part front on which the part 30b is fixed.
  • the end anterior canal 37a is connected via from a transverse opening 39, to a channel 40 of longitudinal direction machined in the form of a hole blind inside room 30b.
  • a bearing 41 in which one end is rotatably mounted of the nozzle holder 20 produced in the form of a pin hollow.
  • Channel 37b opens into a notch in the part 30a, behind the nozzle holder 20, that is to say of the side of the nozzle holder opposite the nozzle outlet.
  • a movement oscillation is transmitted to the nozzle holder 20, by steel wire 42, the sliding part 43 and the actuating part 44 acting as a cam.
  • Channels 37c and 37d are put in communication, at their anterior end part, with a channel 45 which opens into a notch in the part 30a, in the axial extension of channel 40.
  • a bearing 46 is mounted inside the part inlet of channel 45.
  • the second end of the nozzle holder 20 opposite its end engaged in the bearing 41 and made in the form of a hollow pin is engaged rotatably inside the bearing 46.
  • the nozzle holder 20 is traversed along its entire length by a channel 47 joining the two trunnions end hollow.
  • the three nozzles 48a, 48b and 48c fixed on the nozzle holder 20 can be supplied with liquid cleaning via channel 47.
  • Channel 47 which is separated into two parts by a plug 49 is supplied with cleaning liquid, either via channel 37a and the pipe 38a, that is to say both via the channels 37c and 37b and the conduits 38c and 38d.
  • the part of channel 47 ensuring the supply of the nozzle 48a is supplied with cleaning liquid by the channel 37a and pipe 38a.
  • the part of the channel 47 supplying the nozzles 48b and 48c is itself supplied with cleaning liquid by through channel 45 and conduits 38c and 38d.
  • each of the nozzles can receive the flow carried by a conduit such as 38a, 38c and 38d.
  • a profiled element 50 intended to cooperate with the rail 27 of the stiffener support 15, for guiding, supporting and maintaining the head of the lance 14 on which the nozzle holder 20 is mounted.
  • the support 15 ensures, in addition to its support and guiding roles, a role of stiffener of the flexible lance 14 whose head is found held against the stiffening support 15.
  • the stiffener 15 makes it possible to absorb the force reaction of high pressure cleaning jets transmitted to the nozzle holder 20 and to the head 30 during cleaning.
  • the conduits 38a, 38b, 38c and 38d are embedded in the lance body 14 which can be produced by overmolding of a flexible plastic material, on the conduits 38a, 38b, 38c and 38d placed in parallel arrangements and in the longitudinal direction of the lance.
  • the body of the lance 14 made of plastic flexible 51 is stiffened by a steel strip stainless steel 52 with a thickness of 0.4 mm which is glued against one of the flat side faces of the body of the spear 14.
  • the motorization device 54 of the assembly drive 18 has a toothed wheel 53'a coming to mesh with the rack of the room 53 'to which is fixed the opposite end of the steel wire 42 actuation parts 43 and 44.
  • the steel wire 42 can be moved in translation in the longitudinal direction, inside the duct 37b, with a certain amplitude in one direction or in the other.
  • the translation drive is transmitted by the wire 42 to the part 43 and to the actuating part 44 which constitutes a cam engaged with a machined groove on the rear part of the nozzle holder 20.
  • FIGs 11, 11A and 11B there is shown the nozzle holder 20 whose body is crossed by the channel 47 opening into the end parts of the nozzle holder constituting hollow journals through of which channel 47 can be supplied with liquid cleaning.
  • Nozzles 48a, 48b and 48c ( Figure 9) are fixed in three corresponding tapped openings machined in projecting parts 56a, 56b and 56c of the nozzle holder 20 having an elongated section visible in Figure 11A.
  • the center of threaded receiving openings nozzles is very precisely defined and fixed at a value equal to the center distance of the beam tubes of the steam generator.
  • the rear face of the nozzle holder 20 opposite the face of the nozzle holder comprising the projecting parts 56a, 56b and 56c is machined, in its central part, under the shape of a groove 58.
  • the groove 58 has a central part 58a of longitudinal direction and two end portions 58b and 58c having the shape of helices having as axis the axis of rotation of the nozzle holder 20 and a slope of 20 ° from the axial direction of the nozzle holders.
  • the groove 58 has a section of substantially rectangular shape.
  • the actuating part 44 secured, via of part 43, steel wire 42 has a actuating finger whose cross section corresponds to the section of the groove 58.
  • the actuating finger of the part 44 is inserted practically without play in the groove 58.
  • the part 44 is mounted sliding inside of the cavity of the part 30a of the lance head 30 so as to move in longitudinal translation.
  • the translational movement of the part 44 caused, in one direction, by push and, in the other sense, by pulling on the part 43 via the steel wire 42, causes the nozzle holder to oscillate between two extreme positions corresponding to an orientation liquid jets 55a, 55b and 55c produced by the nozzles, such as the jets strike one or the other end of an aisle between two rows of bundle tubes, at the periphery of the bundle of the steam generator.
  • the jets move between the peripheral ends of the plate aisles tubular and an area directly above the nozzle holder, between the two layers of tubes, this direction of the jets perpendicular to the tube plate being obtained when the actuating finger of the piece 44 is in the central part 58a of the groove 58.
  • the end part of the conduits 38a, 38c and 38d opposite the head 30, at the level of the assembly of support, guide and rotational drive 18 is connected to a very strong source of washing liquid pressure, for example under a pressure of 300 to 400 bars.
  • the total flow provided by the source and transmitted to the nozzles of the nozzle holder 20 via conduits 38a, 38c and 38d can be set to a value high, since each of the nozzles receives the maximum flow that can be sent through one of the conduits.
  • the total flow received by the nozzles of the nozzle holder during cleaning is approximately 60 l / min. We thus obtain a very effective cleaning. We have shown that it is necessary use a cleaning flow of at least 40 l / min in simultaneously supplying at least two nozzles to produce efficient cleaning of two plate aisles tubular adjacent perpendicular to a space between two flat layers of tubes between which is introduced the cleaning lance.
  • FIGS 8 and 8A two are shown successive elements 15a and 15b of the stiffener support 15 which are assembled by two parts having a profile in dovetail shape. These two parts can slide in the longitudinal direction one with respect to each other and are connected via a screw 58 secured at its end to a blocking rod 58 'of which the head is engaged in a longitudinal groove of the part 15a and the rod in a longitudinal groove of the Exhibit 15b. Parts 15a and 15b can be moved in translation relative to each other and then separated each other after turning screw 58 one quarter turn, the relative longitudinal displacement of parts 15a and 15b allowing to disengage the two dovetailed parts relative to each other.
  • the nozzle holder is placed in a first position in which the jets produced by the three nozzles nozzle holders are directed into three adjacent spaces between the first three rows of perpendicular tubes to the two flat layers of tubes between which is introduced the lance 14.
  • the nozzles are supplied with pressurized cleaning fluid at a total flow of around 60 l / min approximately.
  • the training set in rotation 18 is put into operation, so that produce an oscillation of the nozzle holder so that the jets produced by the nozzles sweep three adjacent aisles of the tubular plate along their entire length, between a position directly above the space between the plies of tubes and a first peripheral end aisles of the tube plate and between the position directly above the space between the plies of tubes and a second external peripheral end of the aisles adjacent to the tube plate.
  • the sludge taken off by the jets of liquid from pressure cleaning are transported to the part beam device and sucked in this part peripheral.
  • the nozzle holder is then moved via of the translational drive assembly 17 a distance corresponding to three steps from the network of tubes.
  • the method and the device according to the invention therefore allow a complete cleaning of the tubular plate areas that have not been reached in a prior cleaning operation with a lance introduced into the central water street of the beam.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiment that has been described.
  • the nozzle holder can have a number of nozzles different from three. However for the implementation of the invention it is necessary to use at least two nozzles receiving at least a flow of cleaning liquid equal to 20 l / min per nozzle.
  • the means of translational movement of the lance and rotational drive of the nozzle holder may be different from those which have been described.
  • the stiffener may also have a shape different from the modular embodiment that was described above.
  • the invention applies to the case of all generators of steam comprising a bundle of tubes arranged following a square mesh network in the transverse planes of the beam.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Reinigungsverfahren durch einen Flussigkeitsstrahl (55a, 55b, 55c) einer Rohrplatte (4) eines Wärmetauschers mit einer im wesentlichen zylindrischen (2) äußerer Hülle, einer quer verlaufenden Rohrplatte (4), die mit der äußeren Hülle (2) verbunden ist, und einem Bündel (3) von U-förmigen Rohren (32), dessen Enden in durch die Rohrplatte (4) durchgehende Löcher (7) befestigt sind und entlang einer Anzahl von flachen parallelen Lamellen mit jeweils einer Einheit von U-förmigen Rohren nebeneinander angeordnet sind, wobei nacheinander von Stellen, die im Inneren des Bündels angeordnet sind, in einen Zwischenraum zwischen zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Lamellen von Rohren mindestens zwei hin- und herschwenkende Flüssigkeitsstrahlen zur Reinigung (55a, 55b, 55c) verschickt wird, die jeweils auf einen Zwischenraum zwischen zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Rohrreihen gerichtet sind, die im wesentlichen senkrecht zu den Rohrlamellen sind, so daß die Rohrplatte senkrecht von jedem Zwischenraum zwischen zwei Rohrreihen zwischen einem zentralen Teil, das senkrecht zu dem zwischen den Rohrlamellen befindlichen Zwischenraum ist und mindestens einen äußeren Teil verwunden wird, das am Umfang des Bündels (3) angeordnet ist, und entlang der Länge des zwischen den Rohrlamellen befindlichen Zwischenraum verwunden wird, mit einem einzigen Strahl, der einen Durchsatz an Reinigungsflüssigkeit von mindestens 20 l/mn aufweist, indem ein zumindest teilweise flexibles Spülrohr verwendet wird, das zwischen zwei Rohrlamellen durch die Öffnung (13) der äußeren Hülle (2) eingeführt ist und durch einen Verstärkungsträger (15) gestützt wird, dessen Dicke kleiner ist als die Breite eines Zwischenraums zwischen den zwei parallelen Rohrlamellen, wobei der Verstärkungsträger entlang der Zwischenraumlänge eingeführt worden ist und an der äußeren Hülle (2) des dampferzeugers auf der Höhe der Öffnung (13, 13') befestigt ist.
  2. Reinigungsverfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß gleichzeitig drei Flüssigkeitstrahlen zur Reinigung (55a, 55b, 55c) entlang dreier Gänge der Rohrplatte (4) geschick, werden, die durch aufeinanderfolgende Rohrreihen begrenzt werden.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Durchfluß der Reinigungsflüssigkeit ungefähr 60 l/mn beträgt.
  4. Reinigungsvorrichtung durch Flüssigkeitsstrahlen einer Rohrplatte (4) eines Wärmetauschers mit einer im wesentlichen zylindrischen äußeren Hülle (2), einer quer verlaufenden Rohrplatte (4), die mit der äußeren Hülle (2) verbunden ist, einem Rohrbündel (3), dessen Enden in die Rohrplatte (4) durchgehende Löcher (7) zwischen einer Eingangsfläche, die eine Wand eines Wasserbehälters (5) bildet, und einer Ausgangsfläche befestigt sind, durch die die Rohrbündel herauskommen, wobei die Rohre umgebogen sind und zwischen sich gerade und parallele Schenkel aufweisen, die entlang den flachen parallelen Lamellen und entsprechend eines regelmäßigen Netzes in zu den Flächen der Rohrplatte (4) parallelen Querebenen angeordnet sind, wobei mindestens eine Öffnung (13, 13') die äußere Hülse durchstößt und mit mindestens einem Zwischenraum zwischen den aufeinanderfolgenden Rohrlamellen fluchtet, wobei die Reinigungsvorrichtung zumindest ein teilweise flexibler Spülrohr (14) aufweist, das eine Dicke aufweist, die kleiner ist als die Breite des Zwischenraums zwischen den Rohrlamellen des Bündels (3) ist, wobei die Reinigungsvorrichtung (3) eine Erzeugungseinrichtung für mindestens einen Flüssigkeitsstrahl aufweist, der in einer Ebene liegt, die im wesentlichen senkrecht zu den Rohrlamellen ist, wenn das Spülrohr (14) zwischen den zwei Rohrlamellen durch die Öffnung (13), der äußeren Hülle (2) eingefürht ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie einen Verstarkungsträger (15) des Spülrohrs (14) aufweist, dessen Dicke kleiner ist, als die Dicke eines Zwischenraums zwischen zwei flachen Rohrlamellen, und daß im Inneren der äußeren Hülle (2) des Dampferzeugers Befestigungsmittel (16) aufweist, die auf der Höhe der Öffnung (13, 13') der äußeren Hülle (2) des Dampferzeugers angeordnet sind und, daß die Erzeugungseinrichtung des Flüssigkeitsstrahls (55a, 55b, 55c) des Spülrohrs (14) mindestens zwei Düsen (48a, 48b, 48c) zur Bildung eines Flüssigkeitsstrahls, die auf das Spülrohr (14) um eine zu den Rohrlamellen (32, 32') parallelen Achse drehfest und zur Rohrplatte (4) montiert und derart angeordnet sind, daß in der Betriebsposition des Spülrohrs (14) im Inneren des Rohrbündels (3) die Reinigung der Zwischenräume durchführbar ist, die jeweils durch zwei aufeinanderfolgende Rohrreihen begrenzt werden, die senkrecht zu den Rohrlamellen sind, indem eine einzige Düse (48a, 48b, 48c) pro Zwischenraum in Betrieb ist.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Spülrohr (14) einen flexiblen Spülrohrkörper aus Kunststoff und einen steifen Kopf (50) aufweist, der mit einem Ende des Spülrohrkörpers (14) befestigt ist, auf dem ein hin- und herschwenkbarer Düsenhalter (20) mit mindestens zwei Düsen (48a, 48b, 48c) montiert ist, die mit einem Abstand angeordnet sind, der dem Abstand der Rohre des Bündels (3) entspricht.
  6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Spülrohrkörper (14) Leitungen (38a, 38c, 38d) zur Versorgung der Düsen (48a, 48b, 48c) für Reinigungsflüssigkeit in Längsrichtung aufweist, wobei die Anzahl der Leitungen (38a, 38c, 38d) zur Versorgung von Reinigungsflüssigkeit gleich der Anzahl der Düsen des Düsenhalters (20) ist.
  7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß drei Düsen (48a, 48b, 48c) auf dem Düsenhalter (20) montiert sind, und daß der Spülrohrkörper (14) drei Versorgungsleitungen (38a, 38c, 38d) von Reinigungsflüssigkeit aufweist.
  8. Vorrichtung nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Versorgungsleitungen (38a, 38c, 38d) an einem ihrer Enden auf dem Kopf (30) befestigt sind, auf dem der Düsenhalter (20) montiert ist, und daß der Spulrohrkörper (14) aus einem flexiblen Kunststoff (51) gebildet ist, das auf den Versorgungsleitungen (38a, 38c, 38d) entlang ihrer Länge übergossen ist.
  9. Vorrichtung nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Spülrohrkörper (14) eine Längsleitung (38b) aufweist, in der ein Stahldraht (42) in Längsrichtung beweglich montiert ist und mit einem seiner Enden an einem Betätigungsteil (43, 44) verwunden ist und an seinem anderen Ende mit Mitteln (53, 18) zusammenwirkt, die eine Parallelverschiebung in einer Richtung und in die andere mit einer begrenzten Amplitude ermöglicht, und daß der Düsenhalter (20) auf einer zu den Düsen gegenüberliegenden Fläche (48a, 48b, 48c) eine Nut (58) aufweist, in der ein Betätigungsfinger des Betätigungsteils (44) eingeführt ist, wobei die Nut (58) zum Teil um eine Drehlängsachse des Düsenhalters (20) teilweise schraubenförmig ist, so daß die Parallelverschiebung des Stahldrahts (42) und des Betätigungsstücks (44) ein Schwingen des Düsenhalters (20) bewirken.
  10. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 9, dadurch gegennzeichnet, daß der Verstärkungsträger mindestens zwei Elemente (15a, 15b, 15c) aufweist, die in der Längsverlängerung ineinander montierbar sind.
EP96402509A 1995-12-22 1996-11-21 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reinigung der Endplatte eines Wärmetauschers vom Innern des Wärmetauscherbündels Expired - Lifetime EP0780627B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9515418A FR2742858B1 (fr) 1995-12-22 1995-12-22 Procede et dispositif de nettoyage d'une plaque tubulaire d'un echangeur de chaleur depuis l'interieur du faisceau de l'echangeur de chaleur
FR9515418 1995-12-22

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EP0780627A1 EP0780627A1 (de) 1997-06-25
EP0780627B1 true EP0780627B1 (de) 2000-01-12

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US (2) US5782255A (de)
EP (1) EP0780627B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69606156T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2143736T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2742858B1 (de)

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DE69606156D1 (de) 2000-02-17
FR2742858A1 (fr) 1997-06-27
US5782255A (en) 1998-07-21
EP0780627A1 (de) 1997-06-25
DE69606156T2 (de) 2000-08-24
ES2143736T3 (es) 2000-05-16
FR2742858B1 (fr) 1998-03-06
US5833767A (en) 1998-11-10

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