EP0775777A2 - Calender for paper- or coating machine - Google Patents
Calender for paper- or coating machine Download PDFInfo
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- EP0775777A2 EP0775777A2 EP96117572A EP96117572A EP0775777A2 EP 0775777 A2 EP0775777 A2 EP 0775777A2 EP 96117572 A EP96117572 A EP 96117572A EP 96117572 A EP96117572 A EP 96117572A EP 0775777 A2 EP0775777 A2 EP 0775777A2
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- calender
- paper
- rollers
- insertion strip
- elastic
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
- D21G1/00—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
Definitions
- the invention relates to a calender for treating a paper web, which is arranged within the paper or coating machine, ie in-line.
- Soft calenders are known to numerous paper production specialists from numerous publications.
- the calenders which consist of a hard, heated cast iron or steel roll and one or two elastic rolls, which form one or two nips with the hard roll, can stand inside the paper or coating machine.
- these calenders can only be used with papers that are easy to satin, such as newsprint.
- the paper produced in the paper machine is therefore satinized before the first winding.
- super calenders are used for calendering. These stand outside the paper machine and consist of a larger stack of rollers arranged one above the other.
- This type of calender which also has hard, heated rolls and elastically covered rolls, precedes a roll unwind, one of which is wound up after the paper machine unsatized paper web is guided through the 8 to 13 nips of the supercalender until it is rewound.
- at least 40% of the rolls have an elastic cover or covering. Because the supercalender has a lot more nips than a soft calender, a greater amount of deformation work can be applied to the paper web, which, for example, ensures high gloss and smoothness values of the paper web.
- the object of the invention is to make a calender suitable for producing high quality paper for operation within a paper or coating machine.
- One or two nips are not enough to satin high-quality papers. It was recognized that at least four nips are also required within the paper or coating machine for a satisfactory satin finish. This means that at least five rollers must be used one above the other.
- At least the middle roller bearings should be connected to the calender frame via levers.
- the middle roller bearings are understood to mean all calender roller bearings with the exception of those of the top or bottom roller.
- the paper web is inserted with the nips open. These are opened by a separation device known from the supercalender. This is often done by lowering the lower roller and pushing the levers of the middle rollers against an underlying stop. The travel of the levers is adjusted in such a way that roll gaps of 5 to 10 mm are set.
- a hydraulic cylinder is usually used which lifts the lower roller and subsequently the other middle rollers until all the gaps are closed.
- a separate drive is used for each roller, which brings the peripheral speed of the respective roller to web speed. This prevents the paper web from tearing when the nips are closed.
- the heated rollers must be designed so that good heat transfer from a heating medium to the paper web can take place. Because uniform heating of the paper web is essential for the calendering process. The best and most uniform heat transfer across the roller width by convection from a heat transfer medium water vapor is available on the inside of the roll, which is also available in sufficient quantities in every paper mill.
- the heating rollers can also be provided with peripheral bores through which the steam is passed. In order to achieve sufficient calendering results for high-quality papers, it is advantageous if at least two heatable rollers are installed in the calender.
- the nature of the elastic roller coverings is important for the calender according to the invention.
- they have to be resistant to abrasion, like the coverings of soft calenders, in order to have a sufficient service life, since otherwise the entire paper production process would have to be interrupted when changing the rolls.
- they must be highly resistant to marking, since damage to the roller coverings is immediately noticeable in the paper.
- the covering must be such that it is not destroyed by the use of a doctor blade to clean the rollers. Only a plastic covering is suitable for realizing these three requirements.
- an additional device for pulling in an insertion strip is required, since, similar to the super calender, the paper web is guided after a nip around a deflecting roller into the next nip, and - unlike the super calender - with paper machine speed specifications.
- a device for pulling in an insertion strip can be, for example, two ropes running parallel to the desired paper path, between which an insertion strip cut by the paper web is clamped. This is done by bringing the two ropes together in front of the calender, forming a so-called rope shear, together using rope pulleys according to the desired Paper run through the calender and open again after the calender to release the insertion strip again.
- the lead-in strip which can have a width of 300 to 500 mm, is cut laterally in front of the calender by the web coming out of the paper machine. While this lead-in strip is then passed through the calender up to a take-up, for example, most of the paper web is fed into a pulper. Only after the insertion process has ended is the insertion strip cut ever wider by moving the knife until the full width of the paper web is finally passed through the calender.
- pull-in devices can be used which operate according to the following principle.
- the lead-in strip is passed onto an endless perforated carrier tape, which runs approximately at paper or coating machine speed around two rollers, at least one of which is driven.
- a suction box below the conveyor belt causes the paper web to adhere to the conveyor belt and to be carried along with the running belt.
- Additional insertion aids can also be air nozzles or air baffles of a known type.
- the calender (1) has eight rollers (2 to 9), four of which (2, 4, 7, 9) have a hard metallic surface and four rollers (3, 5, 6, 8) have an elastic plastic covering (13) . All rollers are mounted with their roller journals in bearing housings (23, 23 '). The bearing housings (23 ') of the middle rollers (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) are attached to levers (24) whose pivot point (25) is located on the calender frame (26). A hydraulic cylinder (27) is provided which, on the one hand, applies the forces required for calendering in the closed nip and, on the other hand, can lower the lower roller (9).
- the drawing shows the condition of the calender after the rollers have been closed again, which is done by extending the hydraulic cylinder (27).
- heating steam for heating can be fed to the two middle hard rollers (4, 7) in a manner not shown.
- the heating steam is passed through peripheral bores (22) so that it can give off its heat to the roller.
- the preceding part of the paper machine (10) and after the calender (1) the following part of the paper machine (11), for example a winder, are only symbolically shown as a box in front of the calender (1).
- Each of the rolls (2 to 9) in the calender has its own drive (12).
- a commercially available scraper (14) is installed on an elastic roller (3). In practice, such a scraper (14) would have to be installed on the majority of the elastic rollers (3, 5, 6, 8).
- Two endless traveling ropes (15, 16) are guided over rope pulleys (17) in such a way that they form rope shears (29) in front of the calender, which can clamp an insertion strip (21) coming from the preceding part of the paper machine (10) between them .
- the ropes (15, 16) guide the insertion strip through the calender and release it after the calender (1) for the subsequent part of the paper machine (11).
- a support band (18) is drawn in at an exemplary location. It is perforated and runs around two idlers (19), one of which is driven in a manner not shown.
- a suction box (20) in which a vacuum is generated in a manner not shown, is located under the part of the carrier tape (18) which carries the insertion strip (21). In the direction of the carrier tape (18), the suction box (20) is open, so that the insertion strip (21) is sucked in through the perforation of the carrier tape (18) and adheres to the carrier tape.
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Abstract
Es wird ein Kalander (1) mit übereinander angeordneten Walzen (2-9) angegeben, die in Walzenlagern (23, 23') gelagert sind und von denen wenigstens 40% einen elastischen Bezug aufweisen, wobei der Kalander (1) innerhalb einer Papiermaschine angeordnet ist. Mit einem derartigen Kalander sollen auch beim Betrieb innerhalb einer Papier- oder Streichmaschine hohe Papierqualitäten erzielt werden können. Hierzu besteht der Kalander (1) aus mehr als vier übereinander angeordneten Walzen (2-9). Jede der Walzen des Kalanders besitzt einen eigenen Antrieb. Der Kalander (1) besitzt wenigstens zwei beheizbare Walzen (2, 7). Die Bezüge der elastischen Walzen (3, 5, 6, 8) bestehen aus einem markierungsunempfindlichen Kunststoff, welcher das Ansetzen einer Schaberklinge (14) gestattet und der Kalander (1) besitzt eine Vorrichtung (15, 16) zum Einziehen eines Papiereinführstreifens (21). <IMAGE>A calender (1) is specified with rollers (2-9) arranged one above the other, which are mounted in roller bearings (23, 23 ') and of which at least 40% have an elastic cover, the calender (1) being arranged within a paper machine is. With such a calender, high paper qualities should also be able to be achieved during operation within a paper or coating machine. For this purpose the calender (1) consists of more than four rollers (2-9) arranged one above the other. Each of the calender's rollers has its own drive. The calender (1) has at least two heatable rollers (2, 7). The covers of the elastic rollers (3, 5, 6, 8) consist of a marking-insensitive plastic, which allows a scraper blade (14) to be attached, and the calender (1) has a device (15, 16) for pulling in a paper insertion strip (21) . <IMAGE>
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kalander zur Behandlung einer Papierbahn, der innerhalb der Papier- oder Streichmaschine, also In-Line, angeordnet ist.The invention relates to a calender for treating a paper web, which is arranged within the paper or coating machine, ie in-line.
Aus zahlreichen Veröffentlichungen sind jedem Fachmann für die Papierherstellung Soft-Kalander bekannt. Die Kalander, die aus einer harten, beheizten Hartguß- oder Stahlwalze und einer oder zwei elastischen Walzen, die mit der harten Walze einen oder zwei Walzenspalte bilden, bestehen, können innerhalb der Papier- oder Streichmaschine stehen. Diese Kalander sind allerdings nur bei einfach zu satinierenden Papieren, wie beispielsweise Zeitungsdruckpapier einsetzbar. Das in der Papiermaschine erzeugte Papier wird demnach vor der ersten Aufwicklung satiniert.Soft calenders are known to numerous paper production specialists from numerous publications. The calenders, which consist of a hard, heated cast iron or steel roll and one or two elastic rolls, which form one or two nips with the hard roll, can stand inside the paper or coating machine. However, these calenders can only be used with papers that are easy to satin, such as newsprint. The paper produced in the paper machine is therefore satinized before the first winding.
Für höherwertige Papiere, wie beispielsweise Tiefdruckpapiere, werden sogenannte Superkalander zur Satinage verwendet. Diese stehen außerhalb der Papiermaschine und bestehen aus einem größeren Stapel übereinander angeordneter Walzen. Diese Art von Kalander, der ebenfalls harte, beheizte Walzen und elastisch bezogene Walzen besitzt, ist eine Rollenabwicklung vorgeschaltet, von der eine nach der Papiermaschine aufgewickelte unsatisierte Papierbahn durch die 8 bis 13 Walzenspalte des Superkalanders bis zu einer erneuten Aufwicklung geführt wird. Bei dieser Art von Kalander besitzen wenigstens 40% der Walzen einen elastischen Bezug oder Belag. Dadurch, daß der Superkalander sehr viel mehr Walzenspalte als ein Soft-Kalander besitzt, kann auf die Papierbahn eine größere Verformungsarbeit aufgebracht werden, die beispielsweise für hohe Glanz- und Glättewerte der Papierbahn sorgt.For higher quality papers, such as gravure papers, so-called super calenders are used for calendering. These stand outside the paper machine and consist of a larger stack of rollers arranged one above the other. This type of calender, which also has hard, heated rolls and elastically covered rolls, precedes a roll unwind, one of which is wound up after the paper machine unsatized paper web is guided through the 8 to 13 nips of the supercalender until it is rewound. In this type of calender, at least 40% of the rolls have an elastic cover or covering. Because the supercalender has a lot more nips than a soft calender, a greater amount of deformation work can be applied to the paper web, which, for example, ensures high gloss and smoothness values of the paper web.
Es ist mehrfach darüber nachgedacht worden, die seit mehr als hundert Jahren existierenden Superkalander innerhalb der Papiermaschine anzuordnen. Diese Idee ist aber aus den folgenden Hauptgründen immer wieder gescheitert:
- 1. In Superkalandern wird die Papierbahn nach dem Durchlauf durch einen Walzenspalt über eine Umlenkrolle zum nächstfolgenden Walzenspalt zurückgeführt. Diese Umlenkung der Papierbahn um nahezu 180° konnte bei den gegebenen Umlenkradien (Radius der Umlenkwalze) von etwa 150 bis 200 mm und den hohen Aufführgeschwindigkeiten (ca. 1000 bis 1200 m/min) der aus der Papiermaschine kommenden Papierbahn wegen der hohen Zentrifugalkräfte an den Umlenkwalzen bislang nicht realisiert werden.
- 2. Ein Schließen der einzelnen Walzenspalte war ohne Abriß der Papierbahn bei den hohen Geschwindigkeiten nicht möglich. (Im Superkalander werden die Walzenspalte nach manuellem Aufführen der Papierbahn im Stillstand oder bei sehr langsamen Geschwindigkeiten geschlossen).
- 3. Die niedrige Standzeit der elastischen Superkalanderwalzen von etwa einer Woche erlaubte keinen reibungslosen und durchgängigen Betrieb der Papiermaschine, denn in diesen Intervallen müßten die meist mit Fasermaterial bezogenen Walzen ausgebaut und die durch Faltungen im Papier verursachten Markierungen weggeschliffen werden.
- 4. Superkalander in der Papiermaschine hätten keinen Zugang zum Reinigen der elastischen Walzen von Harz- und Strichablagerungen mehr zugelassen, was aber für die Lebensdauer der Bezüge sehr entscheidend ist. Die mit Fasermaterial bezogenen Walzen erlaubten auch keine Entfernung von Ablagerungen mit einem Schaber, da dieser den Belag zerstörte.
- 5. Insbesondere bei sehr hochwertigen Papieren (z.B. Kunstdruckpapier) konnte ein Superkalander wegen der hohen Geschwindigkeitsvorgabe durch die Papiermaschine nicht in ausreichendem und in über die Bahnbreite ausgeglichenem Maße der Papierbahn Wärme zuführen. Deshalb war es nötig, zwei oder eventuell sogar drei langsamer als die Papiermaschine laufende Superkalander der Papiermaschine nachzuschalten. Um in der Verweilzeit im Walzenspalt die für die gewünschten Glättewerte notwendige Wärme in die Papierbahn zu überführen, hätten bei In-Line-Geschwindigkeiten zu teure Ölheizungen mit großem Wärmeträgerdurchsatz für die Heizwalzen eingesetzt werden müssen.
- 1. In supercalenders, the paper web is returned to the next following nip after passing through a nip via a deflection roller. This deflection of the paper web by almost 180 ° was possible with the given deflection radii (radius of the deflection roller) of approximately 150 to 200 mm and the high threading speeds (approx. 1000 to 1200 m / min) of the paper web coming from the paper machine because of the high centrifugal forces on the Deflection rollers have not yet been realized.
- 2. It was not possible to close the individual nips without tearing off the paper web at the high speeds. (In the supercalender, the nips are closed after manual feeding of the paper web at a standstill or at very slow speeds).
- 3. The short service life of the elastic supercalender rolls of about one week did not allow smooth and continuous operation of the paper machine, because in these intervals the rollers, which are mostly covered with fiber material, would have to be removed and the markings caused by folds in the paper would have to be ground away.
- 4. Supercalenders in the paper machine would no longer have access to cleaning the elastic rollers from resin and line deposits, but this is very important for the life of the covers. The rollers covered with fiber material also did not allow the removal of deposits with a scraper, as this would destroy the coating.
- 5. Particularly in the case of very high-quality papers (for example art paper), a supercalender could not supply the paper web with sufficient heat to a sufficient extent over the web width because of the high speed specification. It was therefore necessary to connect two or possibly even three supercalenders that were slower than the paper machine to the paper machine. In order to transfer the heat required for the desired smoothness values to the paper web during the dwell time in the nip, it would have been necessary to use expensive oil heaters with a high heat transfer rate for the heating rollers at in-line speeds.
Wollte man wegen des Personalaufwandes dennoch die Satinage in die Papiermaschine integrieren, mußte man mehrere Soft-Kalander hintereinanderschalten, was zu erheblichem Platzbedarf führte.If you wanted to integrate satinizing into the paper machine because of the personnel costs, you had to connect several soft calenders in series, which led to considerable space requirements.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen Kalander zur Erzeugung hoher Papierqualitäten für den Betrieb innerhalb einer Papier- oder Streichmaschine geeignet zu machen.The object of the invention is to make a calender suitable for producing high quality paper for operation within a paper or coating machine.
Gelöst wird die Aufgabe mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1.The problem is solved with the characterizing features of
Um höherwertige Papiere zu satinieren, reichen ein oder zwei Walzenspalte nicht aus. Es wurde erkannt, daß auch innerhalb der Papier- oder Streichmaschine wenigstens vier Walzenspalte für ein zufriedenstellendes Satinageergebnis notwendig sind. Das bedeutet, daß wenigstens fünf Walzen übereinander angeordnet eingesetzt werden müssen. Dabei sollten wenigstens die mittleren Walzenlager über Hebel mit dem Kalandergestell verbunden sein. Unter den mittleren Walzenlagern versteht man alle Kalanderwalzenlager mit Ausnahme derjenigen der Ober- bzw. Unterwalze. Das Einführen der Papierbahn erfolgt bei geöffneten Walzenspalten. Geöffnet werden diese durch eine vom Superkalander her bekannte Trenneinrichtung. Oft geschieht dies, indem die Unterwalze abgesenkt wird und die Hebel der mittleren Walzen gegen einen darunterliegenden Anschlag stoßen. Der Fallweg der Hebel ist jeweils so eingestellt, daß sich Walzenspalte von 5 bis 10 mm einstellen. Um diese Spalte nach dem Einführen der Papierbahn wieder zu schließen, wird üblicherweise ein Hydraulikzylinder eingesetzt, der die Unterwalze und in der weiteren Folge auch die anderen mittleren Walzen anhebt bis alle Spalte geschlossen sind. Erfindungsgemäß wird für jede Walze ein eigener Antrieb eingesetzt, der die Umfangsgeschwindigkeit der jeweiligen Walze auf Bahngeschwindigkeit bringt. Dadurch wird ein Abriß der Papierbahn beim Schließen der Walzenspalte ausgeschlossen.One or two nips are not enough to satin high-quality papers. It was recognized that at least four nips are also required within the paper or coating machine for a satisfactory satin finish. This means that at least five rollers must be used one above the other. At least the middle roller bearings should be connected to the calender frame via levers. The middle roller bearings are understood to mean all calender roller bearings with the exception of those of the top or bottom roller. The paper web is inserted with the nips open. These are opened by a separation device known from the supercalender. This is often done by lowering the lower roller and pushing the levers of the middle rollers against an underlying stop. The travel of the levers is adjusted in such a way that roll gaps of 5 to 10 mm are set. In order to close this gap again after the paper web has been introduced, a hydraulic cylinder is usually used which lifts the lower roller and subsequently the other middle rollers until all the gaps are closed. According to the invention, a separate drive is used for each roller, which brings the peripheral speed of the respective roller to web speed. This prevents the paper web from tearing when the nips are closed.
Die beheizbaren Walzen müssen so gestaltet sein, daß eine gute Wärmeübertragung von einem Heizmedium an die Papierbahn erfolgen kann. Denn eine gleichmäßige Erwärmung der Papierbahn ist für den Satinageprozeß wesentlich. Den besten und über die Walzenbreite gleichmäßigsten Wärmeübergang durch Konvektion von einem Wärmeträger an die Walzeninnenwand bietet Wasserdampf, der zudem in jeder Papierfabrik in ausreichendem Maße zur Verfügung steht. Die Heizwalzen können auch mit peripheren Bohrungen versehen sein, durch die der Dampf geleitet wird. Um ausreichende Satinageergebnisse bei hochwertigen Papieren zu erzielen, ist es von Vorteil, wenn wenigstens zwei beheizbare Walzen in den Kalander eingebaut sind.The heated rollers must be designed so that good heat transfer from a heating medium to the paper web can take place. Because uniform heating of the paper web is essential for the calendering process. The best and most uniform heat transfer across the roller width by convection from a heat transfer medium water vapor is available on the inside of the roll, which is also available in sufficient quantities in every paper mill. The heating rollers can also be provided with peripheral bores through which the steam is passed. In order to achieve sufficient calendering results for high-quality papers, it is advantageous if at least two heatable rollers are installed in the calender.
Insbesondere die Beschaffenheit der elastischen Walzenbeläge ist für den erfindungsgemäßen Kalander von Bedeutung. Sie müssen erstens abriebfest sein wie die Beläge von Soft-Kalandern, um eine ausreichende Standzeit zu besitzen, da man beim Walzenwechsel ansonsten den ganzen Papierherstellungsprozeß unterbrechen müßte. Zweitens müssen sie von hoher Markierungsresistenz sein, da Beschädigungen der Walzenbeläge sich im Papier sofort bemerkbar machen. Und drittens muß der Belag so beschaffen sein, daß er durch die Anstellung einer Schaberklinge zum Reinigen der Walzen nicht zerstört wird. Zur Realisierung dieser drei Forderungen eignet sich nur ein Kunststoffbelag.In particular, the nature of the elastic roller coverings is important for the calender according to the invention. First, they have to be resistant to abrasion, like the coverings of soft calenders, in order to have a sufficient service life, since otherwise the entire paper production process would have to be interrupted when changing the rolls. Secondly, they must be highly resistant to marking, since damage to the roller coverings is immediately noticeable in the paper. And thirdly, the covering must be such that it is not destroyed by the use of a doctor blade to clean the rollers. Only a plastic covering is suitable for realizing these three requirements.
Um die Papierbahn durch den Kalander hindurchzuleiten, bedarf es einer zusätzlichen Vorrichtung zum Einziehen eines Einführstreifens, da ähnlich wie beim Superkalander die Papierbahn nach einem Walzenspalt um eine Umlenkwalze in den nächsten Walzenspalt geführt wird, und das - anders als beim Superkalander - mit Papiermaschinengeschwindigkeitsvorgaben. Eine solche Vorrichtung zum Einziehen eines Einführstreifens können beispielsweise zwei parallel zum gewünschten Papierverlauf mitlaufende Seile sein, zwischen die ein von der Papierbahn geschnittener Einführstreifen eingeklemmt wird. Dies geschieht, indem die beiden Seile vor dem Kalander zusammengeführt werden, eine sogenannte Seilschere bilden, gemeinsam über Seilrollen gemäß dem gewünschten Papierlauf durch den Kalander geführt werden und sich nach dem Kalander wieder öffnen, um den Einführstreifen wieder freizugeben. Der Einführstreifen, der eine Breite von 300 bis 500 mm haben kann, wird vor dem Kalander seitlich von der aus der Papiermaschine kommenden Bahn geschnitten. Während dieser Einführstreifen dann durch den Kalander bis beispielsweise zu einer Aufwicklung geführt wird, wird der größte Teil der Papierbahn in einen Pulper geleitet. Erst nach Beendigung des Einziehvorgangs des Einführstreifens wird der Einführstreifen durch eine Bewegung des Messers immer breiter geschnitten, bis schließlich die volle Breite der Papierbahn durch den Kalander geführt wird.In order to guide the paper web through the calender, an additional device for pulling in an insertion strip is required, since, similar to the super calender, the paper web is guided after a nip around a deflecting roller into the next nip, and - unlike the super calender - with paper machine speed specifications. Such a device for pulling in an insertion strip can be, for example, two ropes running parallel to the desired paper path, between which an insertion strip cut by the paper web is clamped. This is done by bringing the two ropes together in front of the calender, forming a so-called rope shear, together using rope pulleys according to the desired Paper run through the calender and open again after the calender to release the insertion strip again. The lead-in strip, which can have a width of 300 to 500 mm, is cut laterally in front of the calender by the web coming out of the paper machine. While this lead-in strip is then passed through the calender up to a take-up, for example, most of the paper web is fed into a pulper. Only after the insertion process has ended is the insertion strip cut ever wider by moving the knife until the full width of the paper web is finally passed through the calender.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich zu Seilen können Einziehvorrichtungen verwendet werden, die nach folgendem Prinzip arbeiten. Der Einführstreifen wird auf ein endloses perforiertes Tragband, welches annähernd mit Papier oder Streichmaschinengeschwindigkeit um zwei Rollen läuft, von denen wenigstens eine angetrieben ist, geleitet. Ein Saugkasten unterhalb des Tragbandes bewirkt, daß die Papierbahn auf dem Tragband haftet und mit dem laufenden Band mitgeführt wird.As an alternative or in addition to ropes, pull-in devices can be used which operate according to the following principle. The lead-in strip is passed onto an endless perforated carrier tape, which runs approximately at paper or coating machine speed around two rollers, at least one of which is driven. A suction box below the conveyor belt causes the paper web to adhere to the conveyor belt and to be carried along with the running belt.
Zusätzliche Einführhilfen können auch noch Luftdüsen oder Luftleitbleche bekannter Bauart sein.Additional insertion aids can also be air nozzles or air baffles of a known type.
Nachstehend soll ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Kalanders anhand der Zeichnung beschrieben werden.An exemplary embodiment of a calender according to the invention will be described below with reference to the drawing.
Der Kalander (1) besitzt acht Walzen (2 bis 9), von denen vier Walzen (2, 4, 7, 9) eine harte metallische Oberfläche und vier Walzen (3, 5, 6, 8) einen elastischen Kunststoffbelag (13) aufweisen. Alle Walzen sind mit ihren Walzenzapfen in Lagergehäusen (23, 23') gelagert. Die Lagergehäuse (23') der mittleren Walzen (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) sind an Hebeln (24) angebracht, deren Drehpunkt (25) sich am Kalandergestell (26) befindet. Es ist ein Hydraulikzylinder (27) vorgesehen, der einerseits die für die Satinage nötigen Kräfte im geschlossenen Walzenspalt aufbringt und andererseits die Unterwalze (9) absenken kann. Durch das Absenken der Unterwalze (9) legen sich die Hebel (24) auf Anschlägen (28) ab, und zwar in der Weise, daß sich zwischen den Walzen Spalte von 5 bis 10 mm bilden. Dadurch wird der Einziehvorgang des Einführstreifens (21) ermöglicht. Die Zeichnung zeigt den Zustand des Kalanders nach erneutem Schließen der Walzen, was durch Ausfahren des Hydraulikzylinders (27) geschieht. In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel kann den beiden mittleren harten Walzen (4, 7) in nicht dargestellter Weise Heizdampf zur Beheizung zugeführt werden. Der Heizdampf wird durch periphere Bohrungen (22) geleitet, damit er seine Wärme an die Walze abgeben kann. Symbolisch sind vor dem Kalander (1) der vorangehende Teil der Papiermaschine (10) und nach dem Kalander (1) der folgende Teil der Papiermaschine (11), beispielsweise eine Aufwicklung, nur als Kasten dargestellt. Jede der im Kalander befindlichen Walzen (2 bis 9) besitzt einen eigenen Antrieb (12). Beispielhaft ist an einer elastischen Walze (3) ein handelsüblicher Schaber (14) installiert. In der Praxis müßte ein solcher Schaber (14) an der Mehrzahl der elastischen Walzen (3, 5, 6, 8) installiert werden. Zwei endlose mitlaufende Seile (15, 16) sind so über Seilrollen (17) geführt, daß sie vor dem Kalander eine Seilschere (29) bilden, die einen von dem vorangehenden Teil der Papiermaschine (10) kommenden Einführstreifen (21) zwischen sich einklemmen kann. Die Seile (15, 16) führen den Einführstreifen durch den Kalander und geben ihn nach dem Kalander (1) frei für den nachfolgenden Teil der Papiermaschine (11). In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist zusätzlich zu den Seilen an beispielhafter Stelle ein Tragband (18) eingezeichnet. Es ist perforiert und läuft um zwei Tragrollen (19), von denen eine in nicht dargestellter Weise angetrieben ist. Unter dem den Einführstreifen (21) tragenden Teil des Tragbandes (18) befindet sich ein Saugkasten (20), in dem in nicht dargestellter Weise ein Unterdruck erzeugt wird. In Richtung des Tragbandes (18) ist der Saugkasten (20) offen, so daß der Einführstreifen (21) durch die Perforation des Tragbandes (18) angesaugt wird und an dem Tragband haftet.The calender (1) has eight rollers (2 to 9), four of which (2, 4, 7, 9) have a hard metallic surface and four rollers (3, 5, 6, 8) have an elastic plastic covering (13) . All rollers are mounted with their roller journals in bearing housings (23, 23 '). The bearing housings (23 ') of the middle rollers (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) are attached to levers (24) whose pivot point (25) is located on the calender frame (26). A hydraulic cylinder (27) is provided which, on the one hand, applies the forces required for calendering in the closed nip and, on the other hand, can lower the lower roller (9). By lowering the lower roller (9), the levers (24) rest on stops (28) in such a way that gaps of 5 to 10 mm form between the rollers. This enables the insertion of the insertion strip (21). The drawing shows the condition of the calender after the rollers have been closed again, which is done by extending the hydraulic cylinder (27). In this exemplary embodiment, heating steam for heating can be fed to the two middle hard rollers (4, 7) in a manner not shown. The heating steam is passed through peripheral bores (22) so that it can give off its heat to the roller. The preceding part of the paper machine (10) and after the calender (1) the following part of the paper machine (11), for example a winder, are only symbolically shown as a box in front of the calender (1). Each of the rolls (2 to 9) in the calender has its own drive (12). As an example, a commercially available scraper (14) is installed on an elastic roller (3). In practice, such a scraper (14) would have to be installed on the majority of the elastic rollers (3, 5, 6, 8). Two endless traveling ropes (15, 16) are guided over rope pulleys (17) in such a way that they form rope shears (29) in front of the calender, which can clamp an insertion strip (21) coming from the preceding part of the paper machine (10) between them . The ropes (15, 16) guide the insertion strip through the calender and release it after the calender (1) for the subsequent part of the paper machine (11). In this exemplary embodiment, in addition to the ropes, a support band (18) is drawn in at an exemplary location. It is perforated and runs around two idlers (19), one of which is driven in a manner not shown. A suction box (20), in which a vacuum is generated in a manner not shown, is located under the part of the carrier tape (18) which carries the insertion strip (21). In the direction of the carrier tape (18), the suction box (20) is open, so that the insertion strip (21) is sucked in through the perforation of the carrier tape (18) and adheres to the carrier tape.
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE29518424U DE29518424U1 (en) | 1995-11-21 | 1995-11-21 | Calender in a paper or coating machine |
| DE29518424U | 1995-11-21 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0775777A2 true EP0775777A2 (en) | 1997-05-28 |
| EP0775777A3 EP0775777A3 (en) | 1998-04-29 |
| EP0775777B1 EP0775777B1 (en) | 2003-06-18 |
Family
ID=8015702
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP96117572A Expired - Lifetime EP0775777B1 (en) | 1995-11-21 | 1996-11-02 | Calender in a paper- or coating machine |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5784955A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0775777B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3036585B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2188607C (en) |
| DE (2) | DE29518424U1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1998038382A1 (en) * | 1997-02-28 | 1998-09-03 | Valmet Corporation | Method and device in calender in threading of paper |
Families Citing this family (24)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE29518424U1 (en) * | 1995-11-21 | 1996-03-14 | Voith Sulzer Finishing GmbH, 47803 Krefeld | Calender in a paper or coating machine |
| US20040134361A1 (en) * | 1996-12-06 | 2004-07-15 | Eduard Kusters Maschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Calender |
| US7357072B2 (en) | 1996-12-06 | 2008-04-15 | Eduard Kusters Maschinefabrik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Calender |
| DE19650576C2 (en) | 1996-12-06 | 2001-02-15 | Kuesters Eduard Maschf | calender |
| FI108056B (en) * | 1997-11-04 | 2001-11-15 | Metso Paper Inc | Calender threading arrangement |
| CA2309656C (en) * | 1997-11-14 | 2008-04-29 | Valmet Corporation | Method for producing calendered paper |
| DE19757472C2 (en) * | 1997-12-23 | 2000-09-07 | Voith Sulzer Papiermasch Gmbh | Calender for a web, especially paper web |
| DE19757474A1 (en) * | 1997-12-23 | 1999-06-24 | Voith Sulzer Papiertech Patent | Paper calender |
| DE19803323C2 (en) * | 1998-01-29 | 2003-06-05 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Process for influencing a web material, such as paper, and calender for carrying out the process |
| US20030126998A1 (en) * | 1998-03-17 | 2003-07-10 | Eduard Kusters Maschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Calender arrangement |
| US7096779B2 (en) | 1998-03-17 | 2006-08-29 | Eduard Küsters Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co. KG | Calender arrangement |
| DE19813640A1 (en) * | 1998-03-27 | 1999-09-30 | Voith Sulzer Papiertech Patent | Calender, especially for the treatment of a paper web |
| DE19815339A1 (en) | 1998-04-06 | 1999-10-14 | Voith Sulzer Papiermasch Gmbh | Rolling machine and method for its operation |
| DE19824542B4 (en) * | 1998-06-03 | 2005-07-14 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Roller, calender and method for operating a roller |
| DE19828722C2 (en) * | 1998-06-29 | 2001-06-21 | Schwaebische Huettenwerke Gmbh | Roller group |
| DE19841565C1 (en) * | 1998-09-11 | 1999-12-02 | Voith Sulzer Papiertech Patent | Introducing paper into a calendar without tearing it, forcing elaborate re-threading operation |
| US6332953B1 (en) | 1998-10-02 | 2001-12-25 | International Paper Company | Paper product having enhanced printing properties and related method of manufacture |
| SE9804346D0 (en) * | 1998-12-16 | 1998-12-16 | Valmet Corp | Method and apparatus for calendering paper |
| US6352022B1 (en) | 1999-08-12 | 2002-03-05 | Stora Enso North America | Web calendering method and apparatus |
| FI108057B (en) * | 2000-09-06 | 2001-11-15 | Metso Paper Inc | Web-guidance arrangement in a multi-roll calender of a papermaking, board-making or after-treatment machine |
| FI121079B (en) * | 2002-05-28 | 2010-06-30 | Metso Paper Inc | Procedure and plant at tip drawing without rope in a finishing plant |
| US6946186B2 (en) * | 2002-08-24 | 2005-09-20 | International Paper Co. | Uncoated facestock for adhesive-backed labels |
| FI112876B (en) * | 2002-10-16 | 2004-01-30 | Metso Paper Inc | Arrangement for tip drawing in a multiple-choice calendar in a paper machine |
| DE10346004A1 (en) * | 2003-10-02 | 2005-04-28 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Vacuum transport device, in particular as Materialbahneinfädeleinrichtung in a machine for producing or / and finishing a web |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US454322A (en) * | 1891-06-16 | Paper-calendering rolls | ||
| US2300994A (en) * | 1938-08-09 | 1942-11-03 | Cons Water Power & Paper Co | Calender for paper |
| GB753958A (en) * | 1953-10-29 | 1956-08-01 | Lukens Steel Co | Improvements in rope transfer means for webs of paper or the like |
| US3044392A (en) * | 1959-07-10 | 1962-07-17 | Kimberly Clark Co | Papermaking machine |
| GB969912A (en) * | 1960-07-07 | 1964-09-16 | Bruderhaus Maschinen Gmbh | Improvements in calenders for strip-material |
| US3451331A (en) * | 1967-03-01 | 1969-06-24 | Westvaco Corp | Hot roll supercalender |
| US3576912A (en) * | 1968-09-26 | 1971-04-27 | Shell Oil Co | Halogenated and quaternized block polymers |
| US3756912A (en) * | 1970-12-31 | 1973-09-04 | Durand Machine Co Ltd | Conveyor mechanism for transferring paper web |
| US4022366A (en) * | 1976-03-22 | 1977-05-10 | Durad Machine Company Ltd. | Sheet handling apparatus |
| FI62874C (en) * | 1979-10-15 | 1983-03-10 | Valmet Oy | PAPER CALENDAR |
| JPS56159393A (en) * | 1980-05-06 | 1981-12-08 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Roll heating method |
| GB8919936D0 (en) * | 1989-09-04 | 1989-10-18 | Davy Mckee Poole | Improvements in the manufacture of web materials |
| JPH02300396A (en) * | 1989-05-16 | 1990-12-12 | Minamisenjiyu Seisakusho:Kk | Carrier device of calender |
| DE3924897A1 (en) * | 1989-07-27 | 1991-02-07 | Escher Wyss Gmbh | Leader transfer - has swing jet mechanism to separate leader from roller and transfer it to onwards cable conveyor |
| JPH04185790A (en) * | 1990-11-10 | 1992-07-02 | Taiyo Yuden Co Ltd | Method and device for calendering |
| DE9306176U1 (en) * | 1993-04-23 | 1993-07-01 | Schwäbische Hüttenwerke GmbH, 7080 Aalen | Heating roller |
| DE29504034U1 (en) * | 1995-03-09 | 1995-05-04 | Voith Sulzer Finishing GmbH, 47803 Krefeld | Calender for the two-sided treatment of a paper web |
| DE29518424U1 (en) * | 1995-11-21 | 1996-03-14 | Voith Sulzer Finishing GmbH, 47803 Krefeld | Calender in a paper or coating machine |
-
1995
- 1995-11-21 DE DE29518424U patent/DE29518424U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1996
- 1996-10-23 CA CA002188607A patent/CA2188607C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-11-02 DE DE59610537T patent/DE59610537D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-02 EP EP96117572A patent/EP0775777B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-14 US US08/746,663 patent/US5784955A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-19 JP JP8307555A patent/JP3036585B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| None |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1998038382A1 (en) * | 1997-02-28 | 1998-09-03 | Valmet Corporation | Method and device in calender in threading of paper |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE59610537D1 (en) | 2003-07-24 |
| CA2188607A1 (en) | 1997-05-22 |
| EP0775777A3 (en) | 1998-04-29 |
| DE29518424U1 (en) | 1996-03-14 |
| JP3036585B2 (en) | 2000-04-24 |
| CA2188607C (en) | 1999-05-11 |
| US5784955A (en) | 1998-07-28 |
| EP0775777B1 (en) | 2003-06-18 |
| JPH09170189A (en) | 1997-06-30 |
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