EP0774642B1 - Dispersions- oder Auftragungsverfahren eines aktiven Materials, Zusammensetzung und Gemäss diesem Verfahren hergestelltes Geschoss - Google Patents

Dispersions- oder Auftragungsverfahren eines aktiven Materials, Zusammensetzung und Gemäss diesem Verfahren hergestelltes Geschoss Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0774642B1
EP0774642B1 EP19960402458 EP96402458A EP0774642B1 EP 0774642 B1 EP0774642 B1 EP 0774642B1 EP 19960402458 EP19960402458 EP 19960402458 EP 96402458 A EP96402458 A EP 96402458A EP 0774642 B1 EP0774642 B1 EP 0774642B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mass
composition
projectile
powder
ultra
Prior art date
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EP19960402458
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0774642A1 (de
Inventor
Claude Boutet
Nicolas Tissot
Jean-Pierre Montgrenier
Jean-Luc Brunet
Thierry Jacobs
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Giat Industries SA
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Giat Industries SA
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Priority claimed from FR9513634A external-priority patent/FR2741435B1/fr
Priority claimed from FR9513635A external-priority patent/FR2741434B1/fr
Application filed by Giat Industries SA filed Critical Giat Industries SA
Publication of EP0774642A1 publication Critical patent/EP0774642A1/de
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/145—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile for dispensing gases, vapours, powders, particles or chemically-reactive substances
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H9/00—Equipment for attack or defence by spreading flame, gas or smoke or leurres; Chemical warfare equipment

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of processes for applying or dispersing a material active.
  • Active material will be understood to mean a filling material a certain function when it is applied to a target or dispersed over an area of land.
  • active materials are used either as a powder or as a liquid.
  • Liquids are generally dispersed using a gas under pressure, which requires the implementation of security and sealing for storage.
  • compositions in liquid form also sealing problems.
  • the active material is a mixed powder to a carrier liquid
  • there is a risk of settling of the powder which affects the effectiveness of the dispersion.
  • the patent FR2669625 thus describes a device for dispersion of infra-red masking material red, device in which the masking material is a brass powder mixed with a carrier liquid which is gas oil.
  • This dispersing device includes an agitator to homogenize the mixture of brass and gas oil before dispersion by a flow of hot air.
  • Patent GB1264427 describes a priming composition of which the flow characteristics are improved which facilitates its introduction into a plate with holes allowing its fractionation before loading in primers.
  • This composition includes a primary explosive which is not intended to be dispersed over an area of land nor applied to a surface.
  • Patent FR2601945 describes an incendiary gel intended for fill the bombs. This gel is obtained by mixing directly inside the bomb shell an officer thickener such as silicon dioxide with a hydrocarbon.
  • Patent US4187129 proposes a gelled propellant for missiles or rockets that associate a hydrazine compound with a metallic powder. Such a combination allows avoid sloshing of the propellant charge in the projectile tank.
  • the patent US3964393 describes an igniter for a pyrotechnic decoy cartridge.
  • the cartridge includes a ejection charge which pushes a piston and ignites a initiation composition. There is no question there either to disperse a material over an area of land or to apply it on a surface.
  • WO91 / 07635 also describes a projectile allowing the ejection of a pyrotechnic charge.
  • Patent FR2706202 proposes an infrared decoy ammunition which ejects two pyrotechnic liquids which mix and then ignite so as to produce an infrared emission.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible in particular to ensure the homogeneity of the composition during phases of extended storage. This ensures better spatial distribution of the active material during the dispersion.
  • the method according to the invention also facilitates the setting implementation of the dispersion since it eliminates all risk agglomeration of the active material and eliminates the problems sealing.
  • the subject of the invention is also a composition dispersible comprising an active material.
  • This composition does not have the disadvantages of known compositions in which the active material is used either under blocks of dry powder either in liquid form (or powder suspension in a liquid).
  • the invention finally relates to a projectile allowing the implementation of the method according to the invention.
  • the projectile according to the invention is of simple design, inexpensive and particularly well suited to small calibers (projectile diameter less than 75mm).
  • the projectile according to the invention also makes it possible to easily master the moment of dispersion of the composition on trajectory as well as its distribution area.
  • the subject of the invention is therefore a method of dispersing on an area of land, or of application on an object, of a active material incorporated in an auxiliary substance of so as to produce a composition, characterized in that the auxiliary substance is a thixothropic gel and in that one submit at the time of dispersal or application this composition under mechanical stress in order to modify its viscosity and cause dispersion or application, stress obtained by the increase in pressure due to the initiation of a pyrotechnic composition, or by the displacement of a piston or as a result of displacement by inertia of the composition.
  • the subject of the invention is also a composition dispersible over an area of land or applicable over a object and comprising at least one active material incorporated in an auxiliary substance, characterized in that the substance auxiliary is a thixotropic gel and in that the material active is a metallic powder or a carbon powder or carbon fibers, or an incapacitating material or a dye.
  • the gel may be composed of ultra dispersed silica mixed with water, alcohol, glycerol or silicone oil.
  • the material active can be a metallic powder
  • the particle size may be between 1 micron and 15 microns.
  • a composition according to the invention can be made up of 3% to 10% by mass of ultra silica powder dispersed, 80% to 90% by mass of water and 1% to 2% by mass of brass powder.
  • composition according to the invention may be made up of 3% to 10% by mass of ultra silica powder dispersed, 80% to 90% by mass of alcohol and 1% to 2% by mass of brass powder.
  • composition according to the invention may be consisting of: 3% to 10% by mass of ultra silica powder dispersed, 80% to 90% by mass of silicone oil and 1% to 2% by mass of brass powder.
  • a composition according to the invention may also be made up of 3% to 10% by mass of ultra silica powder dispersed, 80% to 90% by mass of water, 1% to 2% by mass of powder or carbon fiber.
  • composition according to the invention may be made up of 3% to 10% by mass of ultra silica powder dispersed, 80% to 90% by mass of alcohol and 1% to 2% by mass of powder or carbon fiber.
  • composition according to the invention may be made up of 3% to 10% by mass of ultra silica powder dispersed, 80% to 90% by mass of silicone oil and 1% to 2% by powder or carbon fiber mass.
  • the material active may be an incapacitating material which may be pepper or chili powder.
  • composition according to the invention can be made up of 3% to 10% by mass of ultra silica powder dispersed, 80% to 90% by mass of silicone oil and 1% to 2% by mass of powdered pepper.
  • the incapacitating material may be a composition tear gas.
  • a composition according to the invention can be made up of 3% to 10% by mass of ultra silica powder dispersed, 80% to 90% by mass of isopropyl alcohol and 1% to 2% by mass of tear gas composition.
  • the composition according to the invention may consist of 3% to 10% by mass of ultra dispersed silica powder, 80% to 90% by mass of water and 1% to 2% by mass of dye.
  • the invention also relates to a projectile using such a dispersion method.
  • This projectile includes a composition arranged inside a envelope and constituted by at least one active material incorporated in a thixotropic gel, projectile comprising also means of dispersion triggered at an instant given on trajectory and which cause a movement of the composition in relation to the envelope so as to subject this composition to a mechanical stress of so as to ensure its liquefaction and ejection out of the envelope.
  • the means of dispersion may cause movement of the composition with a speed having the same direction as the speed of the projectile or with a speed having a direction opposite to that of the speed of the projectile.
  • the means of dispersion may include a gas-generating pyrotechnic composition.
  • the dispersing means may include a piston disposed between the gas-generating pyrotechnic composition and the composition to be dispersed.
  • the dispersing means may also include braking means ensuring a sudden deceleration of the projectile on trajectory, the composition then being driven by inertia out of the envelope.
  • This particular embodiment ensures a distribution of the composition in front of the projectile while reducing the risk of the projectile body impacting target.
  • the braking means may include a pyrotechnic composition generating gas ejecting gases out of the envelope in a direction substantially the same as that of the speed of the projectile.
  • the braking means will include a wire fixed at a rear part of the envelope and connected to a fixed launch system.
  • the means of dispersal may in any case have a piston sliding by inertia in the casing so as to come and train the composition to disperse.
  • a peripheral part of the piston can cooperate with the envelope by a helical connection in such a way that the translation of the piston causes also its rotation relative to the envelope.
  • the envelope will advantageously be closed by a grid at level of one of its ends on which is pushed the composition.
  • ammunition 1 is shown schematically; it has an envelope 2 substantially cylindrical, integral with a bottom partition 2a.
  • Ammunition 1 is intended to be launched by a non-weapon represented, for example by an integral launching tube of a vehicle to be protected (patent FR2612287 describes such a launch tube).
  • the envelope is closed by a plug 3 which is returned united for example by bonding or welding.
  • the envelope 2 will advantageously be produced from a single room with partition 2a and in plastic, for example of polyethylene or polypropylene.
  • the plug 3 carries a case 6a containing a composition pyrotechnic gas generator 6 of known type as well as initiation means 8a thereof (not shown in detail).
  • the gas-generating pyrotechnic composition will be preferably a composition providing a large volume of gas with limited rise in temperature, for example a composition based on sodium azide.
  • compositions are used in the field of the automobile to ensure the inflation of the cushions security.
  • KNO3 Boron and potassium nitrate
  • KClO4 Nitrocellulose and Potassium Chlorate
  • the means of initiation include a primer and an initiation device of it at the end of a certain time interval after launching the ammunition.
  • a primer and an initiation device of it at the end of a certain time interval after launching the ammunition.
  • Envelope 2 contains a composition 5 which includes a active material incorporated in a thixotropic gel.
  • Composition 5 can be separated from the gas generator 6 by a layer of compressible material 22, such as a polyurethane foam.
  • the compressible material 22 is intended to ensure possibly a backlash during assembly of the ammunition and absorb any expansions of the composition 5 caused by temperature variations.
  • a thixotropic gel is a gel which is normally found in a frozen state, but which becomes liquid when subjected to mechanical stress of a certain level.
  • Such gels are known in the field for example of the food industry.
  • the invention proposes to use them as a support for a active material.
  • the gas-generating pyrotechnic composition 6 After firing, and at the end of a time interval (defined for example by programming an electronic delay), the gas-generating pyrotechnic composition 6 is initiated.
  • the gases cause a sharp increase in pressure at inside the envelope 2. This increase in pressure has for effect, on the one hand to liquefy the thixotropic gel 5, and on the other hand to burst the envelope 2 (which may advantageously be endowed with ruptures 23 annular and / or longitudinal).
  • the frozen state also eliminates sealing problems when designing the ammunition.
  • Means for applying mechanical stress will also be defined according to the dimensions of the cloud desired dispersion and the volume of composition used artwork. Those skilled in the art will readily define energy required through testing.
  • the envelope will be dimensioned so as to ensure sufficient initial containment and define the fracture primers depending on the desired distribution for the active material.
  • a piston between the composition pyrotechnic gas generator and thixotropic gel and provide the partition 2a with perforations closed by a film slim.
  • the thixotropic gel can be composed of ultra silica dispersed and water.
  • ultra dispersed silica is meant a silica whose particle size is very small (of the order of a hundredth of micron).
  • This silica is incorporated into water in the following proportions: 3% to 7% by mass of water for 97 to 93% by mass of silica.
  • the proportions will be defined according to the viscosity desired for the gel, viscosity which will depend on the nature of the active material incorporated into the gel.
  • Silica is particularly advantageous because it is very inexpensive and very chemically inert, which allows to add active materials to such a gel without difficulty of various compositions.
  • an antifreeze agent can be mixed with water, like an alcohol.
  • This variant avoids the oxidation of the material active by frost.
  • the following proportions will preferably be chosen: 3% to 7% by mass of silicone oil for 97 to 93% by mass of silica.
  • Thixotropic gel is the support for a active material that one seeks to disperse.
  • a active material providing an infrared masking function red or millimeter wave.
  • coated brass powder will advantageously be used silica which is described by patent FR2669625.
  • composition obtained may possibly be passed over to grinder to ensure its homogenization.
  • the carbon grains are coated with silica particles which prohibits their agglomeration and improves the masking performance.
  • a decoy material for example aluminized glass fibers 1 to 4 mm thick long or carbon fibers 1 to 4 mm long.
  • an incapacitating active material into the thixotropic gel.
  • incapacitating material is meant a material capable of put a person out of action without inflicting severe damage. For example, we fall into this category tear, soporific or provoking materials nausea.
  • thixotropic gel with components not toxic (e.g. isopropyl alcohol or oil silicone).
  • composition in which the active material is in a liquid form.
  • composition tear gas such as CS (Ortho-Chlorobenzylidènemalonitrile).
  • the tear gas composition used may be only partially soluble in alcohol.
  • a dye may be chosen as the active material.
  • the dye will preferably be a dye soluble in the liquid phase used (water, alcohol or silicone oil), but it could also be in suspension.
  • Such a variant makes it possible to ensure the marking of a objective in order to facilitate its later recognition. Through example the marking of suspects in the operations of maintenance of order or the marking of vehicles or targets to facilitate their subsequent attack by a ammunition.
  • composition and color of the dye will be fine heard chosen according to the desired effects (character indelible, fluorescent ).
  • composition comprising a thixotropic gel in individual spray equipment or remote-controlled, for example a cylinder drilled at a end and fitted with a piston at the other end maneuverable by the user.
  • the gel can then be sprayed in one direction privileged which is the axis of the cylinder.
  • the spray piston can be used for dispersing of a particular thixotropic gel in which is incorporated an active material for the treatment of plants (pesticide, fungicide, insecticide ).
  • the invention then makes it possible to ensure a dispersion homogeneous without requiring the use of propellants harmful to the environment.
  • the disperser used does not drip which facilitates use.
  • a similar piston could be used with a gel carrying a dye to facilitate the marking of animals, trees or roads (during operations public works).
  • Such a pen will have a porous or tubular lead in support like a piston on the gel.
  • the mine is pressed on a surface by the user. She exercises then a constraint on the coloring gel which liquefies it and allows it to flow out of the pen.
  • Such a pen can write on any surface and with any orientation.
  • FIG. 2 represents another embodiment of a projectile according to the invention.
  • This projectile 1 comprises a cylindrical casing 2 which is closed at one end by a bottom 3 and at the other end by a grid 4.
  • the envelope 2 is made for example of material resistant plastic like polyamide. It contains a composition 5 which is a thixotropic gel of the type of those described previously.
  • Thixotropic gel incorporates an active material whose nature will depend on the goal.
  • an incapacitating material for example pepper powder or chili or tear gas.
  • the piston 7 is slidably mounted in the casing 2. It carries at its periphery an O-ring seal 9.
  • the other end of the envelope 2 is closed by a grid 4, fixed to the envelope by gluing or crimping, and whose mesh dimensions will be chosen according to the viscosity (static and dynamic) of the composition to dispersing and dimensions of the active material incorporated in the gel.
  • a split elastic ring 11 is placed in a annular groove of the envelope 2. This ring allows to prevent ejection of the piston 7 from the envelope 2 during the operation of the projectile.
  • the initiation means 8 are programmed in introducing the delay at the end of which the dispersion must be performed.
  • the pyrotechnic composition gas generator 6 is initiated.
  • the gases cause a strong increase in pressure inside the envelope 2.
  • the pressure is exerted on the piston 7 which pushes the gel 5 against the grid 4.
  • the pressure has the effect of liquefying the thixotropic gel 5.
  • it is a liquid material which is pushed to the across the grid 4 and which disperses in the form of fines droplets carrying the active material.
  • Paper 10 is torn by pressure.
  • the piston is retained by the ring 11 and does not come out of envelope 2. In the case of a maintenance type use order, so there is no risk of them hurting target people
  • piston 7 As a variant it would be possible not to provide piston 7, the gas pressure generally sufficient to expel the gel.
  • the piston has the advantage of isolating the gel to disperse propellants, which prevents its heating or its degradation.
  • the projectile shown in Figure 1 can be fired in two different directions.
  • composition is ejected out of the envelope with a speed having the same direction as the speed of the projectile.
  • the gel ejection speed 5 is then the resulting from the speed of the projectile and that of communicated by the pyrotechnic composition generating gas 6.
  • Such an embodiment makes it possible to disperse more largely the composition.
  • Projectile 1 can instead be fired with a reverse orientation and then be driven by a speed V2 such that grid 4 is behind on its path.
  • the composition is ejected out of the envelope with a speed having a direction opposite to that of the speed of the projectile.
  • FIG. 3 represents a projectile according to a third embodiment.
  • the projectile includes a base 12 which has the shape of a housing delimiting a housing internal which contains a propellant charge 13.
  • the housing is closed by a screwed cover 14 which carries means initiation 8 of the propellant charge.
  • the propellant charge 13 constitutes a means of braking the projectile 1 on its trajectory.
  • the initiation means 8 will include an electronic time rocket programmable.
  • the propellant charge 13 may be a composition pyrotechnic gas generator of the type described previously.
  • propellant powder based nitrocellulose we can also choose a propellant powder based nitrocellulose or a propellant block.
  • the internal housing of the housing 12 communicates with the exterior of the projectile 1 by channels 15, inclined by relative to the axis 16 of the projectile 15.
  • This projectile is intended to be fired with a orientation such that the housing is located behind on the path.
  • the projectile is then animated with a speed V1 whose orientation is given in Figure 2.
  • Channels 15 are regularly distributed angularly and are oriented towards the front of the projectile.
  • the envelope 2 of the projectile is glued to the base 12. It is closed at its front part by a grid 4 closed by a sheet 10.
  • Envelope 2 contains a thixotropic gel 5.
  • a piston 7 is disposed in abutment against the housing 12, it carries on its peripheral edge a seal 9.
  • the projectile is animated on the trajectory of a certain speed V1.
  • the propellant charge 13 is initiated.
  • the propellant charge will be dimensioned so as to ensure brutal braking (deceleration of the order of 2000 to 17000 m / s 2 ).
  • the piston liquefies the thixotropic gel 5 and causes its ejection out of the envelope through the grid 4 which ensures the nebulization of the material 5.
  • piston 7 it is possible, as a variant, not to provide for piston 7.
  • the only inertia of the gel 5, applied suddenly against grid 4 during deceleration of the projectile, will suffice to liquefy it and disperse it across the grid 4.
  • patent FR2704054 the whole description of which is included here by reference, and which describes in detail a device for aerodynamic projectile braking by airbag.
  • braking means for example aerodynamic braking by fins, folded on trajectory along the envelope of the projectile and whose deployment is controlled by the initiation means 8.
  • FIG. 4 represents a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the projectile 1 comprises an envelope 2, produced by example by molding of polyamide, and which has a bottom 2a.
  • the envelope is closed at its end by a grid 4 covered with sealing sheet 10.
  • It contains a thixotropic gel 5 incorporating a material active.
  • the bottom 2a of the envelope carries an axial extension 18 on which is fixed a wire 19.
  • the other end of the wire 19 is connected to a fixed launch system 20.
  • the wire constitutes here the means of braking of the projectile on trajectory.
  • the launch system 20 shown here is a tube placed on the ground. It could also consist of a portable weapon held by a shooter.
  • the length of wire 19 is determined according to the distance at which one wishes to achieve the dispersion.
  • the wire 19 tightens and causes a sudden braking of the projectile.
  • This embodiment is particularly inexpensive in due to the low number of parts used and the absence of electronic rocket.
  • Figure 5 is a variant of the previous one in which a piston 7 is provided inside the envelope 2.
  • a piston 7 is provided inside the envelope 2.
  • the inertia of the piston comes push the gel against the grid.
  • This variant is preferred when the inertia of the gel is insufficient to ensure its complete dispersion during braking. It is possible, by playing on the mass of the piston, to modulate the speed of ejection of the material therefore the spatial characteristics of the dispersion.
  • Figures 6a and 6b show an alternative embodiment in which the internal surface of the envelope 2 carries three helical ramps 21a, 21b and 21c offset by 120 ° each others.

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Claims (29)

  1. Verteilungsverfahren über eine Geländezone oder Auftragungsverfahren auf ein Objekt eines aktiven Stoffes, der in eine Hilfssubstanz so eingearbeitet ist, daß eine Zusammensetzung entsteht, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Hilfssubstanz ein thixotropes Gel ist, und dadurch, daß man das thixotrope Gel im Augenblick der Verteilung oder Auftragung der Zusammensetzung einer mechanischen Belastung so unterwirft, daß seine Viskosität verändert wird, und daß die Verteilung oder Auftragung erfolgt, wobei man die Belastung durch Steigern des Drucks infolge des Zündens einer pyrotechnischen Zusammensetzung oder durch Verschieben eines Kolbens oder infolge des trägheitsbedingten Verschiebens der Zusammensetzung erzielt.
  2. Über ein Gelände verteilbare Zusammensetzung oder auf ein Objekt auftragbare Zusammensetzung, die mindestens einen aktiven Stoff in einer Hilfssubstanz umfaßt, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Hilfssubstanz ein thixotropes Gel ist, und dadurch, daß der aktive Stoff aus Metallpulver, Kohlenstoffpulver oder Kohlenstofffasern oder einem unfähigmachenden oder färbenden Stoff besteht.
  3. Verteilbare Zusammensetzung gemäß dem Anspruch 2, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß das Gel aus ultradispergiertem Kiesel und Wasser besteht.
  4. Verteilbare Zusammensetzung gemäß dem Anspruch 2, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß das Gel aus ultradispergiertem Kiesel und Alkohol besteht.
  5. Verteilbare Zusammensetzung gemäß dem Anspruch 2, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß das Gel aus ultradispergiertem Kiesel und Glyzerol besteht.
  6. Verteilbare Zusammensetzung gemäß dem Anspruch 2, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß das Gel aus ultradispergiertem Kiesel und Silikonöl besteht.
  7. Zusammensetzung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 6, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß der aktive Stoff ein Metallpulver mit einer Granulometrie zwischen 1 und 15 Mikron ist.
  8. Zusammensetzung gemäß dem Anspruch 7, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß sie aus folgendem besteht:
    3 bis 10 Gew. % ultradispergierter Kieselpulver,
    80 bis 90 Gew. % Wasser,
    1 bis 2 Gew. % Messingpulver.
  9. Zusammensetzung gemäß dem Anspruch 7, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß sie aus folgendem besteht:
    3 bis 10 Gew. % ultradispergierter Kieselpulver,
    80 bis 90 Gew. % Alkohol,
    1 bis 2 Gew. % Messingpulver.
  10. Zusammensetzung gemäß dem Anspruch 7, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß sie aus folgendem besteht:
    3 bis 10 Gew. % ultradispergierter Kieselpulver,
    80 bis 90 Gew. % Silikonöl,
    1 bis 2 Gew. % Messingpulver.
  11. Zusammensetzung gemäß dem Anspruch 3, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß sie aus folgendem besteht:
    3 bis 10 Gew. % ultradispergierter Kieselpulver,
    80 bis 90 Gew. % Wasser,
    1 bis 2 Gew. % Kohlenstoffpulver oder Kohlenstofffasern.
  12. Zusammensetzung gemäß dem Anspruch 4, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß sie aus folgendem besteht:
    3 bis 10 Gew. % ultradispergierter Kieselpulver,
    80 bis 90 Gew. % Alkohol,
    1 bis 2 Gew. % Kohlenstoffpulver oder Kohlenstofffasern.
  13. Zusammensetzung gemäß dem Anspruch 6, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß sie aus folgendem besteht:
    3 bis 10 Gew. % ultradispergierter Kieselpulver,
    80 bis 90 Gew. % Silikonöl,
    1 bis 2 Gew. % Kohlenstoffpulver oder Kohlenstofffasern.
  14. Zusammensetzung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 6, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß der unfähig machende Stoff ein Pfeffer- oder Pimentpulver ist.
  15. Zusammensetzung gemäß dem Anspruch 14, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß sie aus folgendem besteht:
    3 bis 10 Gew. % ultradispergierter Kieselpulver,
    80 bis 90 Gew. % Silikonöl,
    1 bis 2 Gew. % Pfefferpulver.
  16. Zusammensetzung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 6, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß der unfähig machende Stoff eine tränenreizende Zusammensetzung ist.
  17. Zusammensetzung gemäß dem Anspruch 16, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß sie aus folgendem besteht:
    3 bis 10 Gew. % ultradispergiertes Kieselpulver,
    80 bis 90 Gew. % Isopropylalkohol,
    1 bis 2 Gew. % tränenreizende Zusammensetzung.
  18. Zusammensetzung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 6, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß sie aus folgendem besteht:
    3 bis 10 Gew. % ultradispergierter Kieselpulver,
    80 bis 90 Gew. % Wasser,
    1 bis 2 Gew. % Farbstoff.
  19. Geschoß (1) zur Anwendung des Verfahrens gemäß dem Anspruch 1 mit einer Zusammensetzung (5) im Inneren eines Mantels (2) und bestehend aus mindestens einem aktiven Stoff, der in ein thixotropes Gel eingearbeitet ist, wobei das Geschoß außerdem Verteilungsmittel (6, 7, 13, 19) umfaßt, die in einem bestimmten Augenblick auf der Bahn ausgelöst werden und ein Inbewegungsetzen der Zusammensetzung (5) in bezug auf den Mantel (2) so hervorrufen, daß die Zusammensetzung einer mechanischen Belastung so ausgesetzt wird, daß sie sich verflüssigt und aus dem Mantel ausgeworfen wird.
  20. Geschoß gemäß dem Anspruch 19, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Verteilungsmittel ein Inbewegungsetzen der Zusammensetzung (5) mit einer Geschwindigkeit hervorrufen, die in die gleiche Richtung geht wie die Geschwindigkeit des Geschosses.
  21. Geschoß gemäß dem Anspruch 19, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Verteilungsmittel ein Inbewegungsetzen der Zusammensetzung (5) mit einer Geschwindigkeit hervorrufen, die in die entgegengesetzte Richtung wie die Geschwindigkeit des Geschosses wirkt.
  22. Geschoß gemäß einem der Ansprüche 20 oder 21, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Verteilungsmittel eine gaserzeugende pyrotechnische Zusammensetzung (6) umfassen.
  23. Geschoß gemäß einem der Ansprüche 20 oder 21, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Verteilungsmittel einen Kolben (7) zwischen der gaserzeugenden pyrotechnischen Zusammensetzung (6) und der zu verteilenden Zusammensetzung (5) umfassen.
  24. Geschoß gemäß dem Anspruch 20, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Verteilungsmittel Bremsmittel (13, 19) umfassen, die ein plötzliches Abbremsen des Geschosses (1) auf seiner Bahn bewirken, wobei die Zusammensetzung (5) trägheitsbedingt aus dem Mantel (2) herausgerissen wird.
  25. Geschoß gemäß dem Anspruch 24, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Bremsmittel eine gaserzeugende pyrotechnische Zusammensetzung (13) umfassen, die die Gase aus dem Mantel (2) in eine Richtung ausstoßen, die in etwa die gleiche ist wie die der Geschwindigkeit des Geschosses (1).
  26. Geschoß gemäß dem Anspruch 24, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Bremsmittel einen Draht (19) umfassen, der auf der Ebene eines hinteren Teils des Mantels (2) befestigt und mit einem stationären Abschußsystem (20) verbunden ist.
  27. Geschoß gemäß einem der Ansprüche 24 bis 26, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Verteilungsmittel einen Kolben (7) umfassen, der trägheitsbedingt im Mantel (2) so gleitet, daß er die Zusammensetzung (5) mitreißt.
  28. Geschoß gemäß dem Anspruch 27, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß ein peripherer Teil des Kolbens (7) mit dem Mantel (2) durch eine helikoidale Verbindung so zusammenwirkt, daß die Verschiebung des Kolbens (7) auch sein Indrehungversetzen in bezug auf den Mantel bewirkt.
  29. Geschoß gemäß einem der Ansprüche 19 bis 28, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß der Mantel (2) von einem Gitter (4) an einem seiner Enden, an welches die Zusammensetzung (5) geschoben wird, verschlossen ist.
EP19960402458 1995-11-17 1996-11-15 Dispersions- oder Auftragungsverfahren eines aktiven Materials, Zusammensetzung und Gemäss diesem Verfahren hergestelltes Geschoss Expired - Lifetime EP0774642B1 (de)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9513635 1995-11-17
FR9513634 1995-11-17
FR9513634A FR2741435B1 (fr) 1995-11-17 1995-11-17 Projectile permettant la dispersion d'un produit sur trajectoire
FR9513635A FR2741434B1 (fr) 1995-11-17 1995-11-17 Procede de dispersion ou d'application d'un materiau actif et composition mise en oeuvre pour un tel procede

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EP0774642B1 true EP0774642B1 (de) 2000-05-31

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WO1998039064A1 (de) * 1997-03-04 1998-09-11 Nebel, Anita Explosive feuerlöschvorrichtung
FR2765869B1 (fr) * 1997-07-09 1999-08-13 Giat Ind Sa Composition de marquage et munition d'exercice mettant en oeuvre une telle composition
DE102011107960B3 (de) * 2011-07-20 2012-03-22 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Munition
DE102020004562B4 (de) 2020-07-28 2024-04-18 Franz Drexler Reizstoffpatronen 40 mm und 1,5 Zoll

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US4187129A (en) * 1962-05-14 1980-02-05 Aerojet-General Corporation Gelled mechanically stable high energy fuel composition containing metal platelets
DE1703313A1 (de) * 1968-04-30 1971-10-07 Dynamit Nobel Ag Initialzuendsaetze und Vorrichtung zur Dosierung derselben
US3964393A (en) * 1974-06-21 1976-06-22 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Igniter
FR2601945B1 (fr) * 1986-07-25 1993-08-20 Mulleman Michel Procede de realisation d'un gel incendiaire, et gel incendiaire obtenu par ce procede
FR2610085B1 (fr) * 1987-01-26 1989-05-12 Matra Manurhin Defense Emetteur infrarouge, notamment a usage de leurre, et cartouche lance-leurre infrarouge pour sa mise en oeuvre
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