EP0774179B1 - Remote transmitter power control in a cdma communications system - Google Patents

Remote transmitter power control in a cdma communications system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0774179B1
EP0774179B1 EP95926183A EP95926183A EP0774179B1 EP 0774179 B1 EP0774179 B1 EP 0774179B1 EP 95926183 A EP95926183 A EP 95926183A EP 95926183 A EP95926183 A EP 95926183A EP 0774179 B1 EP0774179 B1 EP 0774179B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
base station
channel
power control
signal quality
power
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP95926183A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0774179A1 (en
Inventor
Edward G. Tiedemann, Jr.
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Qualcomm Inc
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Qualcomm Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to EP01202070A priority Critical patent/EP1139581B1/en
Priority to DK01202070T priority patent/DK1139581T3/da
Publication of EP0774179A1 publication Critical patent/EP0774179A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0774179B1 publication Critical patent/EP0774179B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/005—Control of transmission; Equalising
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/30—TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power
    • H04W52/34—TPC management, i.e. sharing limited amount of power among users or channels or data types, e.g. cell loading
    • H04W52/343—TPC management, i.e. sharing limited amount of power among users or channels or data types, e.g. cell loading taking into account loading or congestion level
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/06—TPC algorithms
    • H04W52/14—Separate analysis of uplink or downlink
    • H04W52/146—Uplink power control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
    • H04W52/241—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters taking into account channel quality metrics, e.g. SIR, SNR, CIR, Eb/lo
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/30—TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power
    • H04W52/34—TPC management, i.e. sharing limited amount of power among users or channels or data types, e.g. cell loading
    • H04W52/346—TPC management, i.e. sharing limited amount of power among users or channels or data types, e.g. cell loading distributing total power among users or channels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to wireless communications. More particularly, the present invention relates to power control in a CDMA communication system.
  • a packet is one method of packaging user data.
  • the packet is divided up into various fields, with each field comprising one or more bits.
  • Each field is used for a predetermined function such as user data, addresses, error detection, etc.
  • Data packets can be formed according to pre-existing protocols such as X.25 and TCP/IP that are well known in the art.
  • Packets may be used with a true packet service in which the application, transport, or other layer generates the packet. Packets can also be generated by a network's lower protocol layer that breaks a stream of data bits into data packets of predetermined length.
  • Data packets can be transmitted over a radio channel using many methods.
  • a first method uses a dedicated channel to carry packets between a pair of radio transceivers.
  • a second method encompasses a single, central radio transceiver that transmits over a common channel to one or more other radio transceivers that are monitoring for packets containing data in the address field signifying that radio transceiver's particular address.
  • a third method uses a random access or contention based protocol in which the packets are transmitted from one or more radio transceivers to either a central terminal or each other.
  • the dedicated channel corresponds to a traffic channel.
  • This channel transmits voice and data signals between the mobile radio and the base station.
  • the common channel approach corresponds to transmitting on the paging channel that is used to broadcast pages in a CDMA system when each page carries an address.
  • the random access approach corresponds to the access channel.
  • a typical CDMA-type communication system is described in greater detail in U.S. Patent No. 5,103,459 to Gilhousen et al. and assigned to Qualcomm, Inc.
  • a traffic channel can be allocated between the two. Once a packet is transmitted, the time to the next packet is often unknown. Instead of having the traffic channel allocated and unused, the channel is deallocated after a period of idleness. This period can be fixed with the period determined by analyzing typical traffic patterns. Alternatively, this period can also be variable with the period set by analyzing the transmitted packet stream.
  • the allocation of traffic channels presents at least two problems. First, the traffic channel takes time to set up, thus delaying the packet transmission. In some instances, setting up a traffic channel could require more than a second. Second, the resources to set up and use a traffic channel may be too expensive to justify the transmission of infrequent packets, short packets, or short sequences of packets.
  • Power control in a CDMA system is very important since a large number of mobile radios are transmitting on the same frequency. If one mobile is transmitting at a power output that is too large, it can degrade the received Eb / Io from other mobile radios to the point that the base station cannot correctly demodulate transmissions. If the mobile radio transmits at too low of an output power, the received Eb / Io from the mobile radio at the base station will be too low to properly demodulate the Eb / Io received signal. The mobile radio's transmit power, therefore, has an affect on system capacity.
  • the received Eb / Io denoted by , at the base station is approximately
  • the probability that the transmission can be successfully demodulated is high if exceeds as is described above. If P ri is large, however, the Eb / Io is degraded for other mobile radios. If the received Eb / Io falls below , the probability that the transmission will not be successfully demodulated is high.
  • the mobile radio dynamically adjusts its transmit power using closed and open loop power control in order to maintain the proper received Eb / Io at the base station as channel conditions change or the range to be base station changes.
  • Open loop power control adjusts the mobile radio's transmit power autonomously by measuring the received power on the forward channel.
  • Closed loop power control adjusts the mobile radio's transmit power by a feedback bit stream from the base station.
  • the base station measures the received Eb / Io to determine the feedback bit stream.
  • Closed loop and open loop power control together determine the mobile radio's transmit power, as disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,056,109 to Gilhousen et al. and assigned to Qualcomm, Incorporated.
  • Closed loop power control compensates for the differences in fading between the forward and reverse links, such as occurs when they are different frequencies. Additionally, it serves to compensate for the differences in transmit and receive path gains in the mobile radio and base station.
  • a multi-access channel does not have a one-to-one channel pairing, as multiple mobile radios can transmit simultaneously.
  • the identity of the mobile radio therefore, is not necessarily known to the base station.
  • the mobile radios do not know the number of mobile radios transmitting, thus the association of the power control bit stream is not clear to the mobile radio.
  • the mobile radio Since the mobile radio aligns its transmit timing with the timing of the signals that it receives from the base station and all base station signals are time aligned, when two simultaneous transmissions occur on the reverse channel and there is no multipath, the transmissions arrive at the base station separated by times equal to the difference of twice the distances between each mobile radio and the base station. If this time exceeds one pseudo noise chip, the two transmissions can be distinguished by the base station. The inability to distinguish these multipath transmissions is a collision.
  • Base stations may further reduce interference with each other by transmitting with the minimum power necessary for their signals to be received by the base station.
  • a mobile radio transmits its first transmission or probe at a power level somewhat less than it estimates to be necessary to reach the base station. This conservative estimate may be a predetermined value or it may be calculated in response to the measured power level of a signal that the mobile radio has or is receiving from the base station.
  • a preferred embodiment is for the mobile radio to measure the received power from the base station. This received power is the transmitted power of the base station times the path loss. The mobile radio then uses this estimate, plus a constant correction, plus adjustment factors to set the initial transmit power. These adjustment factors may be sent to the mobile radio from the base station. Some of these factors correspond to radiated power of the base station. Since the path loss from the mobile station to the base station is essentially the same as from the base station to the mobile station, the signal received at the base station should be at the correct level, assuming that the base station has supplied the appropriate correction factors and that the mobile radio and base station gains are error free.
  • the mobile station After transmitting the first access probe at this minimum power level, the mobile station increases the power of successive probes within each access probe sequence by a predetermined step amount.
  • access probes A thorough discussion of access probes is evident in IS-95, section 6.6.3.1 and in copending patent, Apparatus and Method for Reducing Collisions Between Mobile Stations Simulataneously Accessing a Base Station in a CDMA Cellular Communications System, S/N 08/219,867 to Tiedemann et al. and assigned to Qualcomm, Inc.
  • the mobile radio can randomize its transmission time and choose another access channel so as to avoid a potential collision.
  • IS-95, section 6.6.3.1 describes this in greater detail.
  • the power control process in an embodiment of the present invention uses a comparison threshold to determine whether the base station should instruct the mobile radios to increase or decrease their transmit power.
  • the total received Eb / Io for all the mobile radios communicating with a particular base station is compared to a maximum threshold for the reverse channel. Additionally, a minimum comparison threshold for the mobile radio being controlled is determined. If the total received Eb / Io is greater than or equal to the maximum threshold or the minimum received Eb / Io for any mobile radio is greater than the reverse channel minimum, the base station instructs the mobile radio to decrease its output power. If the total received Eb / Io is less than the maximum reverse channel threshold and the minimum received Eb / Io for any radio is less than or equal to the reverse channel minimum, the base station instructs the mobile radio s to increase power.
  • the present invention encompasses a pair of channels, subsequently referred to as the forward and reverse packet channels.
  • the base station communicates with the mobile radios over the forward channel and the mobile radios communicate with the base station over the reverse channel.
  • a base station uses the power control process of the present invention, over the forward packet channel, to dynamically adjust the transmit power of one or more mobile radios transmitting on the reverse packet channel.
  • Mobile radios include radiotelephones used in both a terrestrially based communication system and a satellite based communication system.
  • the base stations can be located on the earth or as orbiting satellites.
  • the reverse packet channel in the preferred embodiment, is a variable rate channel that transmits data packets that have been broken up into a sequence of one or more frames.
  • the reverse packet channel handles data at a fixed rate:
  • Each transmission includes a preamble, to aid in spread spectrum acquisition, followed by the datagram.
  • the preamble of the reverse packet channel is the same. as the preamble used in the access channel; a sequence of one or more unmodulated frames of Walsh function ⁇ .
  • the access channel preamble is discussed in greater detail in TIA/EIA IS-95. Alternate embodiments use other preambles than the Walsh function 0. Another alternate embodiment includes frames modulated by known frequencies. However, this increases receiver complexity.
  • the forward CDMA channel consists of a pilot channel, a synchronization channel, one or more paging channels, one or more forward packet channels and forward traffic channels.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates the format of the preferred embodiment of the forward CDMA channel including the traffic channels (705) and packet channels (710) with power control subchannels (715).
  • the forward packet channel is a spread spectrum channel similar in operation to the forward traffic channel as disclosed in IS-95 as is illustrated in FIGS. 3a and 3b. A more complete discussion of this channel can be found in IS-95.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates the format of the reverse CDMA channel.
  • a set of one or more access channels (805) are associated with each paging channel.
  • An overhead message defines the number of access channels (805) that are associated with a particular paging channel.
  • one or more reverse packet channels are associated with a forward packet channel and an overhead message defines the number of reverse packet channels associated with a particular forward packet channel.
  • Different reverse packet channels (810) associated with the same forward packet channel are differentiated by each reverse packet channel having a unique spreading code.
  • assignment of a reverse packet channel to a forward packet channel is static in that a mobile radio continually monitors the same forward packet channel while in the same cell.
  • the channel may be assigned by using information from overhead parameters, by assignment on a per mobile radio basis, or via some static procedure.
  • the reverse packet channels enable multiple mobile radios to transmit simultaneously.
  • the multiple transmissions from multiple mobile radios only collide if their multipath components overlap as was described previously.
  • a mobile radio randomly chooses, for its transmissions, one of the reverse packet channels associated with a forward packet channel. Alternate embodiments use other methods for choosing channels.
  • the transmission time of a radio using a reverse packet channel can be randomized as is done for the access channel. These techniques lower the probability of a collision by distributing the mobile radios over channels or time. This also serves to increase system capacity.
  • the mobile radio may randomize transmission time and choice of reverse packet channel so as to avoid collisions as previously described for the access channel.
  • FIG. 1 A flowchart of the power control process of the present invention is illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • this process uses the dimensionless ratio Eb / Io to determine whether to adjust the radio's transmit power and, if so, whether to increase or decrease the power.
  • Alternate embodiments use other signal quality metrics for threshold comparison such as Pr / No , P r , or some scaled equivalent of Eb / Io ; P r being the received power.
  • the Eb / Io ratio is a standard quality measurement for digital communications system performance.
  • the ratio expresses the energy per bit to the total interference spectral density of the channel.
  • Eb / Io can be considered a metric that characterizes the performance of one communication system over another; the smaller the required Eb / Io the more efficient is the system modulation and detection process for a given probability of error.
  • the process of the present invention in the preferred embodiment, is used in a typical CDMA cellular radiotelephone system as disclosed in the '459 patent described above.
  • the radiotelephone system is comprised of numerous radiotelephones that transmit to a base station over a reverse channel and receive from the base station over a forward channel.
  • the maximum total Eb / Io is subsequently referred to as the allocated Eb / Io (step 100).
  • the allocated Eb / Io may vary with the traffic channel load.
  • the allocated Eb / Io is used by the base station as the maximum threshold for all mobile radios transmitting to that base station. If a particular mobile radio transmitting to the base station requires a transmit power increase, the base station will not instruct the mobile radio to increase its transmit power beyond the allocated Eb / Io .
  • the reverse link has a desired Eb / Io assigned to it by the base station (step 105).
  • the desired ratio is the value that gives a high probability that a data packet will be received without error from the base station and yet maintains a high capacity as explained above.
  • a packet consisting of 10 frames with a 3 dB Eb / Io has an approximate error rate of 10%, as seen in FIG. 2.
  • Eb / Io causes the packet error probability of the transmission to decrease. This is illustrated in the graph of FIG. 2. This plot shows the effect to the frame error rate of increasing Eb / Io . For example, referring to FIG. 2, if the Eb / Io is 4 dB, the resulting error rate for the 10 frame packet is 4 x 10 -3 . If Eb / Io is chosen too large, however, the transmitted signal may cause interference to other mobile radios communicating with the base station.
  • the received Eb / Io of each mobile radio is estimated by the base station (step 115). Since the base station acquires the mobile radios during the transmission of the packet preamble, it can determine the number of mobile radios that are transmitting to the base station. These individual Eb / Io 's for the base station are summed (step 120) and, as will be discussed later, the sum is used in determining the proper power control command to be sent to the mobile radios.
  • all mobile radios that are listening to the same forward packet channel are also receiving the same power control bit stream.
  • each power control bit stream controls all the mobile radios that are transmitting on any of the reverse packet channels that are associated with the forward packet channel.
  • the base station controls the mobile radio's transmit power using closed loop power control. In other words, if the base station determines that the transmit power of the received signal is too high, the base station sends a command to the mobile radio to decrease its transmit power. The base station sends a command instructing an increase if the transmit power is too low.
  • This power control command in the preferred embodiment, is two modulation symbols. The preferred embodiment format of such a word is illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • the power control bit of the present invention is set by the base station according to the following conditions.
  • the power control bit is set to a 1, instructing the mobile radio to decrease its power output if the following condition is true:
  • the power control bit is set to a 0, instructing the mobile radio to increase its power output if the following condition is true:
  • the first condition is true when the total or sum of the Eb / Io 's of all the mobile radios communicating with the base station is greater than or equal to the maximum Eb / Io or when the minimum Eb / Io of any one of the mobile radios is greater than the desired Eb / Io .
  • the total amount of Eb / Io that has been allocated to the reverse packet channel has been exceeded as might be the case when too many mobile radios are transmitting.
  • a particular mobile radio's Eb / No could also have been higher than needed and the received signal may perturb the remaining reverse packet channel users so the mobile radio's power output needs to be decreased (step 130).
  • the second condition is true when the sum of the Eb / Io 's of all the mobile radios communicating with the base station is less than the maximum Eb / Io and when the minimum Eb / Io of any one of the mobile radios is less than or equal to the desired Eb / Io . In both cases, the mobile radio's Eb / Io is too low and the received signal may not be demodulated correctly so the mobile radio's power output needs to be increased (step 140).
  • the base station determines if the command to increase power will cause the mobile radio's power output to exceed the allocated Eb / Io . If this is true, the base station commands the mobile radio to decrease its transmit power instead of increasing.
  • FIG. 9 shows a plot of the transmit power of two users, A and B.
  • the desired Eb / Io is the lower threshold while the upper threshold is the allocated Eb / Io .
  • the upper curve shows ⁇ Eb / Io that, in this case, is A + B.
  • the power control commands transmitted by the base station are illustrated at the bottom of the plot.
  • the initial portions of the user A and user B waveforms are both above the desired Eb / Io and the ⁇ Eb / Io is above the allocated Eb / Io .
  • the base station sends out power control commands instructing the mobiles to turn down their transmit power.
  • a two power control group delay issued before a power control command is implemented. Therefore, the plot shows that the power does not decrease until the slot i+2. This is illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • the user B transmit power is below the desired Eb / Io .
  • the base station then sends three turn up commands.
  • the output power of user B is above the desired Eb / Io and the ⁇ Eb / Io is above the allocated Eb / Io . This process continues in a similar manner.
  • the power control process limits the power output at the allocated Eb / Io . This will likely force a higher error rate in some packet transmissions.
  • the base station can make the decision to power control only a few streams by making the minimum Eb / Io in the above conditions over a subset of the received transmissions. This will likely limit the impact on other mobile radios.
  • the desired Eb / Io can be adjusted for different channel conditions so as to maintain a desired packet error rate. If the packet error rate is too high for a desired Eb / Io , the base station can increase the desired Eb / Io , thus lowering the packet error rate. Alternatively, if the packet error rate is lower than needed, the base station can decrease the desired Eb / Io , thus increasing the packet error rate.
  • This latter adjustment serves to increase the overall system capacity.
  • the adjustments mentioned above may need to be done for different channel conditions. For example, if there are many multipath components, the base station may not be able to combine energy as effectively. In the art, this is called combining loss. On the other extreme, fading may cause a higher packet error rate if there is only one multipath component. To maintain a low packet error rate in both these cases, the base station may increase the desired Eb / Io .
  • the desired Eb / Io is the same for all mobile radios.
  • the desired Eb / Io could be different for each mobile radio.
  • signifies that for all i, such that if the above is true, the mobile radio is told to decrease its power; and where i the i th mobile radio and ⁇ i
  • the mobile radio After transmitting the first access probe at a minimum power level, the mobile radio increases the power of successive probes within each access probe sequence by a predetermined step amount. This step amount is different for different embodiments and is set to optimize the system performance.
  • FIG. 5 A simplified block diagram of a typical mobile radio is illustrated in FIG. 5.
  • Signals received from the base station are received with the antenna (501).
  • the duplexer (502) splits the signal to the low noise amplifier (503) that amplifies the signal.
  • This amplified signal is then input to a variable gain amplifier (504), the gain of which is controlled by a receive automatic gain control circuit (505).
  • the output of the variable gain amplifier (504) is input to a demodulator and decoder (506).
  • the demodulator portion removes the signal modulation so that the packetized information can be broken up by the packet receiver (507) into a digital form that is usable by a computer or other electronic device.
  • a digital signal to be transmitted from a computer or other electronic device is first packetized (520).
  • the packets of data are then modulated by the encoder and modulator (525).
  • the modulated signal is input to a variable gain amplifier (530) that amplifies the signal prior to the fixed gain power amplifier (535).
  • the output of the power amplifier (535) is input to the duplexer (502) that couples the signal to the antenna (501) to be radiated.
  • the gain of the variable gain amplifier is controlled by the power control bit of the present invention that is transmitted by the base station.
  • the mobile radio receives the power control bit, it is input to the closed loop power control circuitry (540).
  • This circuitry (540) simply determines whether the power control bit is a logic 1 or a logic 0 and generates the proper control voltage to increase or decrease the gain of the variable gain power amplifier (530).
  • the gain is increased or decreased in 1 dB increments.
  • the power control circuitry (540) outputs a digital value indicative of each 1 dB increase or decrease. This digital value is input to a digital to analog converter (DAC) (545).
  • DAC converts the digital value to an analog signal that controls the gain of the variable gain power amplifier. In this way, the process of the present invention enables the base station to dynamically adjust the transmit power of the mobile radio as conditions change.
  • the increase and decrease in gain does not have to be by the same amount.
  • the increase and decrease in power control gain may adapt based upon the sequence of up or down commands that have been received by the mobile radio.
  • FIG. 6 shows a block diagram of a typical CDMA base station system incorporating the power control process of the present invention.
  • This diagram shows the antennas of a base station (601 and 602) that receive the signals transmitted from the mobile radio.
  • the received signals are distributed to various receivers (605 - 620) depending on which one is being used.
  • the receivers (605 - 620) generate the demodulated bits for use by other devices such as external computers.
  • the receivers (605 - 620) also generate the signal to interference ratios, Eb / Io , that are used by the power control process of the present invention (625) to generate the power control bits. These bits are inserted into the power control stream by puncturing (630) the forward channel signal that has been generated by the modulator (635). This signal is then eventually transmitted by the transmit antenna (603) to the mobile radio.
  • Eb / Io signal to interference ratios
  • the power control is performed by a single bit.
  • Such a word can not only control the direction of the transmit power but the rate of power change. For example, one bit of the command instructs the radio to increase power while another bit of the command instructs the increase to be in 2 dB increments instead of 1 dB.
  • the power control process of the present invention uses a single power control bit stream from the base station to control the transmit power of multiple radios.
  • the signal quality metric, Eb / Io is used to determine whether to increase or decrease the power and what amount of power change is needed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)
  • Transmitters (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
  • Cable Transmission Systems, Equalization Of Radio And Reduction Of Echo (AREA)
  • Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
  • Transceivers (AREA)
EP95926183A 1994-07-25 1995-07-05 Remote transmitter power control in a cdma communications system Expired - Lifetime EP0774179B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP01202070A EP1139581B1 (en) 1994-07-25 1995-07-05 Remote transmitter power control in a contention based multiple access system
DK01202070T DK1139581T3 (da) 1994-07-25 1995-07-05 Effektstyring af fjernsender i et konfliktbaseret multipelt tilgangssystem

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/280,095 US5604730A (en) 1994-07-25 1994-07-25 Remote transmitter power control in a contention based multiple access system
US280095 1994-07-25
PCT/US1995/008476 WO1996003813A1 (en) 1994-07-25 1995-07-05 Remote transmitter power control in a cdma communications system

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01202070A Division EP1139581B1 (en) 1994-07-25 1995-07-05 Remote transmitter power control in a contention based multiple access system

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EP0774179A1 EP0774179A1 (en) 1997-05-21
EP0774179B1 true EP0774179B1 (en) 2004-06-30

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EP01202070A Expired - Lifetime EP1139581B1 (en) 1994-07-25 1995-07-05 Remote transmitter power control in a contention based multiple access system

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AT (2) ATE270475T1 (xx)
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Cited By (1)

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US9564963B2 (en) 1995-06-30 2017-02-07 Interdigital Technology Corporation Automatic power control system for a code division multiple access (CDMA) communications system

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US5870393A (en) * 1995-01-20 1999-02-09 Hitachi, Ltd. Spread spectrum communication system and transmission power control method therefor
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US5333175A (en) * 1993-01-28 1994-07-26 Bell Communications Research, Inc. Method and apparatus for dynamic power control in TDMA portable radio systems

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9564963B2 (en) 1995-06-30 2017-02-07 Interdigital Technology Corporation Automatic power control system for a code division multiple access (CDMA) communications system

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KR100479779B1 (ko) 2005-08-01
EP1139581B1 (en) 2004-10-27
CN1084554C (zh) 2002-05-08
MX9700632A (es) 1997-12-31
CN1375952A (zh) 2002-10-23
EP1139581A3 (en) 2003-03-26
DE69533224T2 (de) 2005-07-14
ATE281030T1 (de) 2004-11-15
HK1042994B (zh) 2005-06-03
US5604730A (en) 1997-02-18
FI970319A (fi) 1997-03-13
HK1042994A1 (en) 2002-08-30
ES2224129T3 (es) 2005-03-01
DK1139581T3 (da) 2005-01-10
CN1162376A (zh) 1997-10-15
TW281836B (xx) 1996-07-21
KR20040004388A (ko) 2004-01-13
ZA955843B (en) 1996-03-15
IL114703A (en) 1998-12-06
JPH10503337A (ja) 1998-03-24
AU3003195A (en) 1996-02-22
WO1996003813A1 (en) 1996-02-08
AU701510B2 (en) 1999-01-28
CA2195984A1 (en) 1996-02-08
ES2234764T3 (es) 2005-07-01
HK1012797A1 (en) 1999-08-06
CN1375942A (zh) 2002-10-23
KR970705247A (ko) 1997-09-06
DE69533224D1 (de) 2004-08-05
FI970319A0 (fi) 1997-01-24
EP0774179A1 (en) 1997-05-21
BR9508428A (pt) 1997-12-23
DE69533707T2 (de) 2005-10-20
ATE270475T1 (de) 2004-07-15
DE69533707D1 (de) 2004-12-02
CN1161892C (zh) 2004-08-11
JP3078330B2 (ja) 2000-08-21
EP1139581A2 (en) 2001-10-04
IL114703A0 (en) 1995-11-27

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