EP0773912B1 - Anorganischer leichtwerkstoff und verfahren zu seiner herstellung - Google Patents
Anorganischer leichtwerkstoff und verfahren zu seiner herstellung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0773912B1 EP0773912B1 EP95929035A EP95929035A EP0773912B1 EP 0773912 B1 EP0773912 B1 EP 0773912B1 EP 95929035 A EP95929035 A EP 95929035A EP 95929035 A EP95929035 A EP 95929035A EP 0773912 B1 EP0773912 B1 EP 0773912B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- alkaline earth
- light
- silicate
- weight
- earth hydroxide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/18—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mixtures of the silica-lime type
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/10—Coating or impregnating
- C04B20/1055—Coating or impregnating with inorganic materials
- C04B20/1077—Cements, e.g. waterglass
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an inorganic Light material, which consists of light aggregates and inorganic Binders can be produced and the process for its production.
- Another object of the invention is an intermediate product, which in a simple way to this inorganic lightweight material can be processed.
- inorganic binders such as cements and water processing calcium sulfates to form lightweight materials.
- a disadvantage of these lightweight materials is that after Setting of the binder - must be dried as it otherwise they do not have their optimal properties.
- the object of the invention is inorganic Light materials from light aggregates and inorganic binders manufacture that used immediately after their manufacture and no lengthy and costly drying process have to be subjected. It should be noted, that these lightweight materials with regard to their properties at least the quality must be that of previous lightweight materials have.
- inorganic Manufacture light materials from light aggregates containing silicate if you look at the surfaces of these silicate light aggregates brings into contact with aqueous alkaline earth hydroxide, wherein alkaline earth silicate hydrates or gels adhering to the surface form.
- the light supplements can be separated after the excess dried liquid phase to a free-flowing powder which are easily stored, transported and can finally be processed into lightweight material.
- To this powder is poured into molds and at temperatures from 120 ° C to 300 ° C, preferably 200 to 250 ° C, at least 30 Minutes steamed. This connects Powder to the light material in which there are contact surfaces forms a stable structure from matted needles.
- the inorganic lightweight material according to the invention thus exists especially from a hydrothermal at 120 ° C to 300 ° C, preferably at 200 to 250 ° C associated with water vapor, in molds filled, dry mixture or dry, pourable Powder containing alkaline earth silicate hydrates adhering to the surface and / or gels available through contact of silicate-containing light aggregates with aqueous alkaline earth hydroxide, Removal of the excess liquid phase and then drying the solid phase.
- the inorganic lightweight material according to the invention generally has bulk densities in the range between 0.1 to 1.0 kg / dm 3 .
- Vermiculite can be used as a silicate light aggregate Vermiculite, pumice, pearlite, foam glass and mixtures thereof, that are undestroyed or finely ground. They are also suitable in the production of expanded perlites and vermiculites accumulating fine fractions that are now considered unwanted waste can be used well.
- the material is preferably used for this purpose ground to a grain size of 80% below 5 ⁇ m.
- Lime hydrate in particular can be used as the aqueous alkaline earth hydroxide, Dolomite hydrate, magnesium hydrate but also cements or mixtures the same.
- Alkaline earth silicate hydrates or gels Depending on the reactivity and reaction conditions are formed when adhering to the surfaces of these light aggregates Alkaline earth silicate hydrates or gels.
- the so pretreated Light surcharges swamped with alkaline earth metal hydroxide can Removal of the excess liquid phase can be dried to free-flowing powders. Drying can vary depending on the type of drying and the drying speed happen between room temperature and a maximum of 1,000 ° C, namely at temperatures at which the alkaline earth silicate hydrates and gels are not yet final to the anhydrous forms convert.
- the dry mixes are the ones that come first wet powder under hydrothermal conditions (120 ° C up to 300 ° C, preferably 200 to 250 ° C and water vapor atmosphere) able to build a stable structure on their contact surfaces matted needles to form the powder particles connects with each other.
- This reaction under hydrothermal Conditions generally require times of at least 30 Minutes, but can also take a few hours.
- Another advance of the lightweight materials according to the invention is that they are free from shrinkage so that the shape you want is accurate can be specified. It is therefore not necessary, as in the past known light materials to take into account that during the Setting, shrinkage or expansion takes place.
- the bulk density of the lightweight material according to the invention also depends depends on the extent to which the original structure of the Light surcharge has been preserved. It also depends the bulk density of the bulk density of the mixture or dry free-flowing powder in the mold. There remain namely in the finished lightweight material largely the material-free Spaces that have already been poured or compacted Owns powder.
- the lightweight material according to the invention adding organic or inorganic fibrous substances, which the physical properties of the finished Improve lightweight material. It is crucial, however, that during sufficient contact areas between the hydrothermal process the powder particles, so that these through the structure of felted needles. Considering of these conditions, it is entirely possible the powder also other organic or inorganic additives Add substances that affect the final properties of the Modify light material.
- the process for manufacturing the lightweight materials consists of that either the finely ground silicate light aggregates with about the same amount of weight finely ground Alkaline earth hydroxide mixed, or the surfaces of the silicate Light supplements initially with aqueous alkaline earth hydroxide be brought into contact in such a way that superficially adhering Form alkaline earth silicate hydrates or gels, then the excess separated liquid phase and the light aggregates as solid Phase dried to a free-flowing powder and then either the dry mixture or the dried powder in Molds filled in and at temperatures from 120 ° C to 300 ° C is treated with water vapor for at least 30 minutes, the Mixture or the powder is combined to form the lightweight material.
- This can thus be used as an intermediate product of this process hydrothermally bondable, dry, free-flowing powder, which alkaline earth silicate hydrates or gels adhering to the surface which are obtainable by contacting silicate-containing Light aggregates with aqueous alkaline earth hydroxide and then Dry.
- the first stage of the method according to the invention namely the Reaction of the surfaces of the light aggregates containing silicate with aqueous alkaline earth hydroxide lasts in particularly favorable Cases only a few minutes. It can even heat up hydrothermal treatment of a dry mixture finely ground light aggregate and finely ground alkaline earth hydroxide be relocated. This level can also be used in others Cases need several months, namely if the used coarse-grained silicate with the aqueous alkaline earth hydroxide used only very slowly to alkaline earth silicate hydrates or gels responds. During this soaking time, if necessary careful stirring can be homogenized.
- aqueous alkaline earth hydroxide add water-miscible organic solvents.
- Lower alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanols are suitable and acetone.
- the second stage of the process according to the invention is Separation of the excess liquid phase and drying.
- the excess liquid phase can be removed by Sieving, centrifuging and simple decanting take place. It interferes with the subsequent drying and the properties of the Not the end product if certain amounts of the liquid phase adhere stay. Drying can be carried out in the usual way in drying cabinets, Ovens or other drying devices such as Microwaves that allow mechanically gentle drying. Thermal protection during drying is not necessary, if care is taken to ensure that the particles are not heated to such an extent be that the initially formed alkaline earth silicate hydrates thermally decompose or gels. This is generally guaranteed if avoided, the particles over 1,000 ° C too heat.
- the drying process can take place at temperatures that are well above the temperatures lie in the last stage, namely the hydrothermal Treatment.
- the hydrothermal connection the particles are preferably at a reaction temperature between 200 ° C and 250 ° C. At temperatures below 120 ° C that is Growth of the crystals too slow. At temperatures above 300 ° C there is a rapid reaction under the hydrothermal conditions Converting the alkaline earth silicate hydrates or gels into structures, who are no longer able to enter the contact points to form a stable structure from matted needles.
- the light materials according to the invention have one of the Bulk density dependent thermal conductivity. It is straightforward possible to reach the range from 0.03 to 0.1 W / m * K. As Forms for the lightweight material come in particular sheets or Stones in question. According to the invention, however, it is readily possible also produce round or angled shapes, which then perform special tasks in processing in a simple manner can.
- ground or non-ground expanded pearlite is sumped in aqueous calcium hydroxide for a few days.
- the pearlite is dried with a surface-adhering layer of alkaline earth metal silicate hydrate and / or gel, using mechanically gentle conditions.
- the dry, free-flowing powder obtained in this way is filled into molds and treated with steam at temperatures between 120 ° C. and 300 ° C. for at least 30 minutes.
- the particles combine to form the lightweight material.
- the investigation of the new lightweight material showed that a stable structure of matted needles has formed on the contact surfaces, which connects the particles sufficiently firmly to one another.
- the lightweight material bodies obtained in this way can be sawn.
- finely ground perlite dust is mixed with approximately the same amount by weight of finely ground, dry calcium hydroxide. With hydrothermal treatment, this dry mixture also provides a good lightweight material, the density of which is however higher, namely in the range from 0.25 to 0.35 kg / dm 3 .
- the grain sizes of the light aggregate and calcium hydroxide were 80% below 5 ⁇ m.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Description
Claims (8)
- Anorganischer Leichtwerkstoff bestehend aus einem hydrothermal bei 120°C bis 300°C mit Wasserdampf verbundenen, in Formen gefüllten Gemisch aus feinvermahlenem Leichtzuschlag und etwa der gleichen Gewichtsmenge feinvermahlenem Erdalkalihydroxid oder einem trockenen, rieselfähigen Pulver, welches an der Oberfläche haftende Erdalkalisilikathydrate und/oder -gele aufweist, die erhältlich sind durch Kontakt von silikathaltigen Leichtzuschlägen mit wäßrigen Erdalkalihydroxid, Entfernung der überschüssigen flüssigen Phase und anschließendes Trocknen der festen Phase.
- Anorganischer Leichtwerkstoff gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rohdichte im Bereich von 0,1 bis 1,0 kg/dm3 liegt.
- Anorganischer Leichtwerkstoff gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als silikatischer Leichtzuschlag verwendet wurde Vermiculit, Bims, Perlit, Schaumglas oder Gemische derselben.
- Anorganischer Leichtwerkstoff gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als wäßriges Erdalkalihydroxid verwendet wurde Kalkhydrat, Dolomithydrat, Magnesiumhydrat, Zemente oder Gemische derselben.
- Verfahren zur Herstellung eines anorganischen Leichtwerkstoffes aus silikathaltigen Leichtzuschlägen und anorganischen Bindern, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß entweder die feinvermahlenen silikatischen Leichtzuschläge mit etwa der gleichen Gewichtsmenge feinvermahlenem Erdalkalihydroxid vermischt oder die Oberflächen der silikatischen Leichtzuschläge zunächst mit wäßrigem Erdalkalihydroxid so in Kontakt gebracht werden, daß sich oberflächlich haftende Erdalkalisilikathydrate oder -gele bilden, danach die überschüssige flüssige Phase abgetrennt und die Leichtzuschläge als feste Phase zu einem rieselfähigen Pulver getrocknet und danach entweder das trockene Gemisch oder das getrocknete Pulver in Formen eingefüllt und bei Temperaturen von 120°C bis 300°C mindestens 30 Minuten mit Wasserdampf behandelt wird, wobei das Gemisch oder das Pulver zu dem Leichtwerkstoff verbunden wird.
- Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem wäßrigen Erdalkalihydroxid mit Wasser mischbare organische Lösungsmittel zugesetzt werden.
- Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Lösungsmittel ein niedere Alkohol oder Aceton ist.
- Hydrothermal verklebares, trockenes, rieselfähiges Pulver, welches an der Oberfläche haftende Erdalkalisilikathydrate oder -gele aufweist, die erhältlich sind durch Kontakt von silikathaltigen Leichtzuschlägen mit wäßrigem Erdalkalihydroxid und anschließendem Trocknen.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4427481 | 1994-08-03 | ||
DE4427481 | 1994-08-03 | ||
PCT/EP1995/003053 WO1996004217A1 (de) | 1994-08-03 | 1995-08-01 | Anorganischer leichtwerkstoff und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0773912A1 EP0773912A1 (de) | 1997-05-21 |
EP0773912B1 true EP0773912B1 (de) | 1998-03-04 |
Family
ID=6524842
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95929035A Expired - Lifetime EP0773912B1 (de) | 1994-08-03 | 1995-08-01 | Anorganischer leichtwerkstoff und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0773912B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE163633T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU3254895A (de) |
DE (1) | DE59501573D1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK0773912T3 (de) |
FI (1) | FI116384B (de) |
WO (1) | WO1996004217A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19603606C1 (de) * | 1996-02-01 | 1997-09-11 | Koch Marmorit Gmbh | Anorganischer Leichtwerkstoff und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
AU732186B2 (en) * | 1997-09-15 | 2001-04-12 | Paul Donahue | Lightweight settable compositions |
DE19923493C2 (de) * | 1998-06-15 | 2003-02-27 | Stefan Wisser | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Leichtwerkstoffes und seine Verwendung |
JP4176013B2 (ja) * | 2001-07-26 | 2008-11-05 | 水澤化学工業株式会社 | アルカリ土類金属塩基性ケイ酸塩粒子 |
BE1015841A3 (fr) * | 2003-12-24 | 2005-10-04 | Lhoist Rech & Dev Sa | Composition pulverulente a base d'un compose calco-magnesien. |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2547042A (en) * | 1947-12-26 | 1951-04-03 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Coated mineral granule, method of making same, and roofing material surfaced therewith |
US2698251A (en) * | 1950-01-12 | 1954-12-28 | Great Lakes Carbon Corp | Method of manufacturing siliceous insulating material |
FR1533660A (fr) * | 1966-08-05 | 1968-07-19 | Utolit Ag | Granulé, son procédé de fabrication et matériau de construction léger fabriqué avec ce granulé |
US3597249A (en) * | 1968-08-21 | 1971-08-03 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Method of producing composites of inorganic binders and fibers from aqueous slurries |
BE785857A (fr) * | 1971-07-05 | 1973-01-05 | Stamicarbon | Procede pour fabriquer des objets moules legers et calorifuges a partirde silicates et de chaux |
US4033783A (en) * | 1975-06-23 | 1977-07-05 | General Refractories Company | Method for making lime-silica insulation from perlite |
-
1995
- 1995-08-01 DK DK95929035T patent/DK0773912T3/da active
- 1995-08-01 AT AT95929035T patent/ATE163633T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-08-01 WO PCT/EP1995/003053 patent/WO1996004217A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1995-08-01 EP EP95929035A patent/EP0773912B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-08-01 DE DE59501573T patent/DE59501573D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-08-01 AU AU32548/95A patent/AU3254895A/en not_active Abandoned
-
1997
- 1997-01-31 FI FI970432A patent/FI116384B/fi active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK0773912T3 (da) | 1998-12-21 |
FI970432A0 (fi) | 1997-01-31 |
EP0773912A1 (de) | 1997-05-21 |
ATE163633T1 (de) | 1998-03-15 |
WO1996004217A1 (de) | 1996-02-15 |
FI116384B (fi) | 2005-11-15 |
FI970432A (fi) | 1997-01-31 |
AU3254895A (en) | 1996-03-04 |
DE59501573D1 (de) | 1998-04-09 |
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