EP0773424A1 - Projectile forming charge improved in withstanding acceleration - Google Patents

Projectile forming charge improved in withstanding acceleration Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0773424A1
EP0773424A1 EP96402311A EP96402311A EP0773424A1 EP 0773424 A1 EP0773424 A1 EP 0773424A1 EP 96402311 A EP96402311 A EP 96402311A EP 96402311 A EP96402311 A EP 96402311A EP 0773424 A1 EP0773424 A1 EP 0773424A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support
coating
core
charge
envelope
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Granted
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EP96402311A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0773424B1 (en
Inventor
Alain Kerdraon
Michel Vives
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Giat Industries SA
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Giat Industries SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0773424A1 publication Critical patent/EP0773424A1/en
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Publication of EP0773424B1 publication Critical patent/EP0773424B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B1/00—Explosive charges characterised by form or shape but not dependent on shape of container
    • F42B1/02—Shaped or hollow charges
    • F42B1/028—Shaped or hollow charges characterised by the form of the liner

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of nucleus-generating charges.
  • These charges generally include an explosive charge placed in an envelope and a coating generally having the shape of a spherical cap.
  • the coating is set in motion by the incident pressure wave. It deforms by turning over "like a thimble", that is to say it transforms into a projectile (or core) whose front part is formed by the axial zone of the covering and the rear part is a formed skirt by the periphery of the coating.
  • Patent FR2627580 describes such a charge.
  • nucleus-generating charge When a nucleus-generating charge is placed in a vector such as a shell, from which it is intended to be ejected on its trajectory, it is subject to significant acceleration forces, both when the shell is fired and when the charge is ejected out of it.
  • the problem of the resistance of the coating to acceleration forces is all the more complex as the load is in principle subjected during the firing of a vector to a first acceleration, then it experiences during the ejection of the load out of the vector a second acceleration having a direction opposite to that of the first.
  • the coating material is a ductile material or a material for which the formation of the core is disturbed by the presence of local stresses on the coating.
  • the charges generating the core are subjected during the storage phases to thermal stresses which cause expansions the amplitude of which is different for the explosive charge and for the metallic envelope.
  • the load according to the invention thus exhibits excellent resistance of the coating and of the loading to the acceleration constraints undergone inside the vector without cause disturbances in the formation of the nucleus.
  • the subject of the invention is a core-generating charge comprising an explosive charge placed in an envelope and a coating intended to be set in motion by the detonation of the explosive charge, charge characterized in that the coating is placed on a support. comprising a cylindrical surface adjusted to the internal diameter of the envelope, support made integral with the envelope by connecting means and thus ensuring the axial maintenance of the explosive charge relative to the envelope.
  • the support may be annular or have a substantially conical surface in contact with the explosive charge.
  • the support may be a cup applied to the explosive charge and carrying a housing intended to receive the coating.
  • the cup material will preferably have a lower shock impedance than that of the coating.
  • connection means which comprise a deformable washer disposed between the support and a bearing surface integral with the envelope.
  • the deformable washer may include spring tabs, regularly angularly distributed and which are arranged so as to allow deformation by compression of the washer.
  • the spring tabs may have the form of arcs of a circle concentric with the washer.
  • a charge generating the core 1 comprises, in a known manner, a cylindrical envelope 2 inside which an explosive charge 3 is placed on which a metallic coating 4 is applied.
  • the explosive charge is intended to be initiated by means of initiation of known type and not shown here.
  • the coating 4 is placed on an annular support 5 which has a cylindrical surface 5a having a diameter equal to the internal diameter of the envelope.
  • the diameter of the coating 4 is here less than the diameter of the bearing surface 5a, therefore that of the envelope 2.
  • the support 5 has a convex face 6 which is in contact with the explosive charge 3 and it has a circular flange 7 which bears on the end of the envelope 2.
  • the flange 7 is pierced with regularly angularly distributed holes which allow it to be joined to the casing 2 by means of screws 8.
  • the coating 4 is therefore housed in a bore 5b of the support 5 and its rear face 4a is supported, on the one hand on the explosive charge 3 (at the level of a middle part of the coating), and on the other hand on a scope 9 of the support 5 (at the periphery of the coating).
  • This charge is intended to be placed in a vector (not shown), such as an artillery cargo shell.
  • the direction of acceleration which will be undergone by the charge at the time of its ejection on trajectory will be opposite.
  • the charge is then subjected to acceleration forces which have the effect of pushing the explosive charge 3 against the annular support 5.
  • the latter which is secured to the casing 2 by means of the screws 8, ensures the axial maintenance of the charge 3 , thus reducing the stresses in the coating 4.
  • the coating is in fact subjected only to its own inertial forces which can be balanced by bonding the coating to the support 5 (at the level of the surface 9) and to the load 3.
  • the support 5 will be dimensioned so that it performs its function of axially maintaining the explosive charge.
  • the metal support is preferably made, for example from a light alloy such as an aluminum alloy.
  • the coating is deformed by the shock wave communicated to it by the explosive, either directly or through the support 5 which also makes it possible to modulate the impulse undergone by the coating.
  • the support 5 thus ensures axial maintenance of the load without an obstacle being placed in front of the coating. It therefore does not disturb the formation of the nucleus.
  • the coating is supported at its periphery by the support, and it is possible to adjust the thickness of the latter according to the thickness of the coating and its deformation characteristics.
  • the support therefore also makes it possible to improve the formation of the core skirt generated by the coating.
  • FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the invention in which the annular support 5 is in contact with the explosive charge at a conical surface 10. This embodiment of the support is more rigid than the previous embodiment .
  • the coating is glued to the support 5 at a level 9 and glued to the load 3 and it is subjected essentially to its own inertial forces.
  • FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of the invention in which the support 5 is no longer annular but takes the form of a cup applied to the explosive charge 3 and carrying a housing 11 intended to receive the coating 4.
  • the support / cup 5 has a cylindrical surface 5a having a diameter equal to the internal diameter of the envelope 2.
  • the means for connecting the support 5 to the envelope 2 comprise a deformable washer 12 which is disposed between an annular face 13 of the support 5 and a nut 14 screwed to the end of the envelope 2.
  • the nut 14 thus constitutes a bearing surface integral with the casing 2.
  • the internal diameters D1 of the washer 12 and D2 of the nut 14 are chosen to be greater than the external diameter of the coating 4, so there is no obstacle placed in front of the coating and capable of disturbing the formation of the core.
  • the washer 12 is shown in more detail in Figures 4a and 4b. It is made of pressed spring steel sheet and it has spring tongues 15 (here four tongues), regularly angularly distributed, and which are supported on the annular face 13 of the support 5.
  • These spring tabs 15 have here the form of arcs of circles concentric with the washer 12 and they are obtained by cutting the washer.
  • the washer 12 is deformable in compression and it makes it possible to make up for the axial clearances between the explosive charge 3 (carrying the support 5) and the casing 2, mainly the clearances due to differential thermal expansion.
  • the washer ensures (with the support 5) the axial maintenance of the load 3 relative to the envelope 2 of the load.
  • the tongues 15 bring the coating and the load into contact with the bottom of the load via the cup (initial position of the load).
  • the advantage of this embodiment is that it ensures excellent mechanical resistance to the acceleration of ejection of the charge while allowing thermal expansion in a very reliable and reproducible manner.
  • the support 5 will be dimensioned as a function of the amplitude of the acceleration forces undergone.
  • the washer 12 must therefore be defined so that the tongues come to bear on the support and have an orientation such that the direction of rotation of the shell corresponds to an arc oriented from the base of the tongue towards its free end.
  • the cup 5 is interposed between the explosive charge and the coating. When loading is initiated, it transmits the shock it receives from the explosive to the coating.
  • the part of the cup 5 disposed between the explosive and the coating 4 will be given a thickness which will be chosen so as to promote the formation of the core while ensuring mechanical resistance to the stresses encountered during ejection.
  • a metallic material will be chosen whose impact impedance is lower than that of the coating.
  • the support / cup 5 makes it possible to reduce the influence of a gas leak at the periphery of the coating at the time of initiation of the explosive.
  • the elastic washer 22 may be replaced by a compressible elastomer washer.

Abstract

The explosive charge cover (4), especially for a sub-munition ejected from a carrier shell, is fitted onto a support (5) with a cylindrical projection (5a) adjusted to the inner diameter of the charge casing, the support being fixed to the casing by connectors which ensure its axial retention. The support (5) is ring-shaped, conical or in the form of a dome applied to the explosive charge (3) and made with a recess to receive the cover, the cover being made from tantalum and the dome of aluminium alloy. Where the support is in the form of a ring it can have concentric flexible tongues.

Description

Le domaine technique de l'invention est celui des charges génératrices de noyau.The technical field of the invention is that of nucleus-generating charges.

Ces charges comportent généralement un chargement explosif disposé dans une enveloppe et un revêtement ayant globalement la forme d'une calotte sphérique.These charges generally include an explosive charge placed in an envelope and a coating generally having the shape of a spherical cap.

Lors de la détonation de l'explosif, le revêtement est mis en mouvement par l'onde de pression incidente. Il se déforme en se retournant "en doigt de gant", c'est à dire qu'il se transforme en un projectile (ou noyau) dont la partie avant est constituée par la zone axiale du revêtement et la partie arrière est une jupe formée par la périphérie du revêtement.During the detonation of the explosive, the coating is set in motion by the incident pressure wave. It deforms by turning over "like a thimble", that is to say it transforms into a projectile (or core) whose front part is formed by the axial zone of the covering and the rear part is a formed skirt by the periphery of the coating.

Le brevet FR2627580 décrit une telle charge.Patent FR2627580 describes such a charge.

Lorsqu'une charge génératrice de noyau est disposée dans un vecteur tel un obus, dont elle est destinée à être éjectée sur trajectoire, elle se trouve soumise à des efforts d'accélération importants, tant au moment du tir de l'obus que lorsque la charge se trouve éjectée hors de celui-ci.When a nucleus-generating charge is placed in a vector such as a shell, from which it is intended to be ejected on its trajectory, it is subject to significant acceleration forces, both when the shell is fired and when the charge is ejected out of it.

Ces efforts peuvent provoquer une désolidarisation du revêtement et du chargement ou tout au moins une dégradation du revêtement, nuisant ainsi à la formation ultérieure du noyau.These efforts can cause a separation of the coating and the loading or at least a degradation of the coating, thus harming the subsequent formation of the core.

Le problème de la tenue du revêtement aux efforts d'accélération est d'autant plus complexe que la charge se trouve en principe soumise lors du tir d'un vecteur à une première accélération, puis elle connaît lors de l'éjection de la charge hors du vecteur une deuxième accélération ayant un sens inverse de celui de la première.The problem of the resistance of the coating to acceleration forces is all the more complex as the load is in principle subjected during the firing of a vector to a first acceleration, then it experiences during the ejection of the load out of the vector a second acceleration having a direction opposite to that of the first.

Il n'est ainsi pas possible de donner à la charge une orientation à l'intérieur du vecteur qui assure dans tous les cas un contact intime permanent entre le revêtement et le chargement explosif quelles que soient les contraintes d'accélération.It is thus not possible to give the charge an orientation inside the vector which in all cases ensures permanent intimate contact between the coating and the explosive charge whatever the acceleration constraints.

On cherche habituellement à assurer le maintien axial du revêtement et du chargement par rapport à l'enveloppe de la charge en frettant le revêtement sur la surface interne de l'enveloppe.It is usually sought to ensure the axial maintenance of the coating and of the load with respect to the envelope of the load by shrinking the coating on the internal surface of the envelope.

On peut également assurer ce maintien axial avec une butée formée par un rebord, solidaire de l'enveloppe, et placé devant une zone circulaire périphérique du revêtement.It is also possible to provide this axial maintenance with a stop formed by a rim, integral with the envelope, and placed in front of a peripheral circular zone of the covering.

De telles solutions connues sont décrites par le brevet FR2657156.Such known solutions are described by patent FR2657156.

Cependant elles ne donnent pas entière satisfaction, en particulier dans le cas où le matériau du revêtement est un matériau ductile ou un matériau pour lequel la formation du noyau est perturbée par la présence de contraintes locales sur le revêtement.However, they are not entirely satisfactory, in particular in the case where the coating material is a ductile material or a material for which the formation of the core is disturbed by the presence of local stresses on the coating.

Ainsi, la fixation par frettage génère des contraintes sur la périphérie du revêtement qui perturberont la formation et la reproductibilité de la jupe du noyau.Thus, fixing by shrinking generates stresses on the periphery of the coating which will disturb the formation and reproducibility of the core skirt.

La présence d'une butée devant une zone circulaire du revêtement risque d'arracher la jupe du noyau, perturbant ainsi gravement sa stabilité.The presence of a stopper in front of a circular zone of the coating risks tearing the skirt from the core, thus seriously disturbing its stability.

De plus, les charges génératrices de noyau sont soumises lors des phases de stockage à des contraintes thermiques qui provoquent des dilatations dont l'amplitude est différente pour le chargement explosif et pour l'enveloppe métallique.In addition, the charges generating the core are subjected during the storage phases to thermal stresses which cause expansions the amplitude of which is different for the explosive charge and for the metallic envelope.

De telles dilatations (qui engendrent des contraintes aux contacts) viennent compliquer la définition des moyens de liaison du revêtement et de l'enveloppe.Such expansions (which generate stresses on the contacts) complicate the definition of the means of connection of the covering and of the envelope.

Afin d'accroître les performances balistiques des noyaux on est conduit également à diminuer l'épaisseur de la partie périphérique du revêtement qui est en contact avec l'enveloppe.In order to increase the ballistic performance of the cores, it is also necessary to reduce the thickness of the peripheral part of the coating which is in contact with the envelope.

Lorsque cette partie devient trop mince, des fuites des gaz engendrés par la détonation du chargement sont à craindre au niveau de la zone de contact entre enveloppe et revêtement, zone déjà fortement sollicitée par l'expansion des produits de détonation.When this part becomes too thin, leaks of the gases generated by the detonation of the charge are to be feared at the level of the zone of contact between casing and coating, zone already highly stressed by the expansion of the detonation products.

Ces fuites perturbent gravement la formation de la jupe du noyau ce qui diminue ses performances balistiques.These leaks seriously disturb the formation of the core skirt, which reduces its ballistic performance.

C'est le but de l'invention que de proposer une charge génératrice de noyau ne présentant pas de tels inconvénients.It is the object of the invention to propose a charge generating a core which does not have such drawbacks.

La charge selon l'invention présente ainsi une excellente tenue du revêtement et du chargement aux contraintes d'accélération subies à l'intérieur du vecteur sans occasionner de perturbations à la formation du noyau.The load according to the invention thus exhibits excellent resistance of the coating and of the loading to the acceleration constraints undergone inside the vector without cause disturbances in the formation of the nucleus.

Ce maintien est également assuré quelles que soient les contraintes thermiques subies.This maintenance is also ensured whatever the thermal stresses undergone.

De plus, grâce à l'invention, il devient possible de définir un revêtement présentant une zone périphérique très mince sans craindre de fuites de gaz pouvant perturber la formation de la jupe du noyau.In addition, thanks to the invention, it becomes possible to define a coating having a very thin peripheral zone without fear of gas leaks which can disturb the formation of the core skirt.

Ainsi l'invention a pour objet une charge génératrice de noyau comportant un chargement explosif disposé dans une enveloppe et un revêtement destiné à être mis en mouvement par la détonation du chargement explosif, charge caractérisée en ce que le revêtement est mis en place sur un support comportant une portée cylindrique ajustée au diamètre interne de l'enveloppe, support rendu solidaire de l'enveloppe par des moyens de liaison et assurant ainsi le maintien axial du chargement explosif par rapport à l'enveloppe.Thus, the subject of the invention is a core-generating charge comprising an explosive charge placed in an envelope and a coating intended to be set in motion by the detonation of the explosive charge, charge characterized in that the coating is placed on a support. comprising a cylindrical surface adjusted to the internal diameter of the envelope, support made integral with the envelope by connecting means and thus ensuring the axial maintenance of the explosive charge relative to the envelope.

Selon différents modes de réalisation, le support pourra être annulaire ou comporter une surface sensiblement conique en contact avec le chargement explosif.According to different embodiments, the support may be annular or have a substantially conical surface in contact with the explosive charge.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, le support pourra être une coupelle appliquée sur le chargement explosif et portant un logement destiné à recevoir le revêtement.According to another embodiment, the support may be a cup applied to the explosive charge and carrying a housing intended to receive the coating.

Le matériau de la coupelle aura de préférence une impédance de choc inférieure à celle du revêtement.The cup material will preferably have a lower shock impedance than that of the coating.

On pourra notamment réaliser le revêtement en Tantale et la coupelle en alliage d'aluminium.In particular, it will be possible to produce the coating of Tantalum and the cup of aluminum alloy.

Selon une variante, le support est fixé à l'enveloppe par des moyens de liaison qui comprennent une rondelle déformable disposée entre le support et une surface d'appui solidaire de l'enveloppe.According to a variant, the support is fixed to the envelope by connection means which comprise a deformable washer disposed between the support and a bearing surface integral with the envelope.

La rondelle déformable pourra comporter des languettes ressorts, régulièrement réparties angulairement et qui sont disposées de façon à permettre une déformation par compression de la rondelle.The deformable washer may include spring tabs, regularly angularly distributed and which are arranged so as to allow deformation by compression of the washer.

Les languettes ressorts pourront avoir une forme d'arcs de cercle concentriques à la rondelle.The spring tabs may have the form of arcs of a circle concentric with the washer.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre de modes particuliers de réalisation, description faite en référence aux dessins annexés et dans lesquels:

  • la figure 1 représente schématiquement en coupe longitudinale partielle une charge génératrice de noyau selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • la figure 2 représente en coupe longitudinale partielle une charge génératrice de noyau selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • la figure 3 représente en coupe longitudinale partielle une charge génératrice de noyau selon un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • les figures 4a et 4b montrent la rondelle ressort utilisée dans ce troisième mode de réalisation, la figure 4b étant une coupe suivant le plan repéré AA sur la figure 4a.
The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows of particular modes of realization, description made with reference to the appended drawings and in which:
  • FIG. 1 schematically represents in partial longitudinal section a charge generating the core according to a first embodiment of the invention,
  • FIG. 2 represents a partial longitudinal section of a core-generating charge according to a second embodiment of the invention,
  • FIG. 3 represents a partial longitudinal section of a core-generating charge according to a third embodiment of the invention,
  • Figures 4a and 4b show the spring washer used in this third embodiment, Figure 4b being a section along the plane marked AA in Figure 4a.

Si on se reporte à la figure 1, une charge génératrice de noyau 1 selon l'invention comporte de façon connue une enveloppe 2 cylindrique à l'intérieur de laquelle est placé un chargement explosif 3 sur lequel est appliqué un revêtement métallique 4.Referring to FIG. 1, a charge generating the core 1 according to the invention comprises, in a known manner, a cylindrical envelope 2 inside which an explosive charge 3 is placed on which a metallic coating 4 is applied.

Le chargement explosif est destiné à être initié par des moyens d'amorçage de type connu et non représentés ici.The explosive charge is intended to be initiated by means of initiation of known type and not shown here.

Le revêtement 4 est mis en place sur un support annulaire 5 qui présente une portée cylindrique 5a ayant un diamètre égal au diamètre interne de l'enveloppe.The coating 4 is placed on an annular support 5 which has a cylindrical surface 5a having a diameter equal to the internal diameter of the envelope.

Ainsi le diamètre du revêtement 4 est ici inférieur au diamètre de la portée 5a donc à celui de l'enveloppe 2.Thus the diameter of the coating 4 is here less than the diameter of the bearing surface 5a, therefore that of the envelope 2.

Le support 5 comporte une face convexe 6 qui est en contact avec le chargement explosif 3 et il présente une collerette circulaire 7 qui vient en appui sur l'extrémité de l'enveloppe 2.The support 5 has a convex face 6 which is in contact with the explosive charge 3 and it has a circular flange 7 which bears on the end of the envelope 2.

La collerette 7 est percée de trous régulièrement répartis angulairement et qui permettent sa solidarisation avec l'enveloppe 2 au moyen de vis 8.The flange 7 is pierced with regularly angularly distributed holes which allow it to be joined to the casing 2 by means of screws 8.

Le revêtement 4 se loge donc dans un alésage 5b du support 5 et sa face arrière 4a est en appui, d'une part sur le chargement explosif 3 (au niveau d'une partie médiane du revêtement), et d'autre part sur une portée 9 du support 5 (au niveau de la périphérie du revêtement).The coating 4 is therefore housed in a bore 5b of the support 5 and its rear face 4a is supported, on the one hand on the explosive charge 3 (at the level of a middle part of the coating), and on the other hand on a scope 9 of the support 5 (at the periphery of the coating).

Cette charge est destinée à être mise en place dans un vecteur (non représenté), tel un obus cargo d'artillerie.This charge is intended to be placed in a vector (not shown), such as an artillery cargo shell.

Un tel obus qui éjecte la ou les charges à un instant donné sur trajectoire est connu par exemple par le brevet FR2682754.Such a shell which ejects the charge (s) at a given instant on a trajectory is known for example from patent FR2682754.

Si la charge est positionnée dans le vecteur de telle sorte que l'accélération de tir pousse le revêtement 4 contre le chargement explosif, la direction de l'accélération qui sera subie par la charge au moment de son éjection sur trajectoire sera inverse.If the charge is positioned in the vector such that the firing acceleration pushes the coating 4 against the explosive charge, the direction of acceleration which will be undergone by the charge at the time of its ejection on trajectory will be opposite.

La charge est soumise alors à des efforts d'accélération qui ont pour effet de pousser le chargement explosif 3 contre le support annulaire 5. Ce dernier, qui est solidaire de l'enveloppe 2 grâce aux vis 8, assure le maintien axial du chargement 3, réduisant ainsi les contraintes dans le revêtement 4.The charge is then subjected to acceleration forces which have the effect of pushing the explosive charge 3 against the annular support 5. The latter, which is secured to the casing 2 by means of the screws 8, ensures the axial maintenance of the charge 3 , thus reducing the stresses in the coating 4.

Le revêtement n'est en fait soumis qu'à ses propres forces d'inertie qui peuvent être équilibrées par un collage du revêtement sur le support 5 (au niveau de la portée 9) et sur le chargement 3.The coating is in fact subjected only to its own inertial forces which can be balanced by bonding the coating to the support 5 (at the level of the surface 9) and to the load 3.

On dimensionnera le support 5 de façon à ce qu'il assure sa fonction de maintien axial du chargement explosif. On réalisera de préférence le support en métal par exemple en un alliage léger comme un alliage d'aluminium.The support 5 will be dimensioned so that it performs its function of axially maintaining the explosive charge. The metal support is preferably made, for example from a light alloy such as an aluminum alloy.

Au moment de l'initiation de la charge, le revêtement se trouve déformé par l'onde de choc qui lui est communiquée par l'explosif, soit directement, soit au travers du support 5 qui permet en outre de moduler l'impulsion subie par le revêtement.When the charge is initiated, the coating is deformed by the shock wave communicated to it by the explosive, either directly or through the support 5 which also makes it possible to modulate the impulse undergone by the coating.

Le support 5 assure ainsi un maintien axial du chargement sans qu'un obstacle ne soit placé devant le revêtement. Il ne perturbe donc pas la formation du noyau.The support 5 thus ensures axial maintenance of the load without an obstacle being placed in front of the coating. It therefore does not disturb the formation of the nucleus.

Grâce au support 5 proposé par l'invention, aucune fuite de gaz ne se produit à la périphérie du revêtement au moment de la mise en vitesse de celui-ci. Il devient alors possible de définir un revêtement dont la périphérie est très mince sans qu'il en résulte de problèmes de fuite de gaz ni de problèmes de fixation du revêtement.Thanks to the support 5 proposed by the invention, no gas leak occurs at the periphery of the coating at the time of the speeding up thereof. It then becomes possible to define a coating whose periphery is very thin without the result of gas leakage problems or problems of fixing the coating.

En effet le revêtement est soutenu à sa périphérie par le support, et il est possible d'ajuster l'épaisseur de ce dernier en fonction de l'épaisseur du revêtement et de ses caractéristiques de déformation.Indeed, the coating is supported at its periphery by the support, and it is possible to adjust the thickness of the latter according to the thickness of the coating and its deformation characteristics.

Le support permet donc également d'améliorer la formation du jupage du noyau engendré par le revêtement.The support therefore also makes it possible to improve the formation of the core skirt generated by the coating.

La figure 2 montre un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention dans lequel le support annulaire 5 est en contact avec le chargement explosif au niveau d'une surface conique 10. Ce mode de réalisation du support est plus rigide que le mode de réalisation précédent.FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the invention in which the annular support 5 is in contact with the explosive charge at a conical surface 10. This embodiment of the support is more rigid than the previous embodiment .

De plus, il permet d'augmenter la surface de contact entre le revêtement et l'explosif sans pour autant diminuer la rigidité du maintien du chargement.In addition, it increases the contact surface between the coating and the explosive without reducing the rigidity of the load maintenance.

Comme dans le mode de réalisation précédent, le revêtement est collé au support 5 au niveau d'une portée 9 et collé au chargement 3 et il est soumis essentiellement à ses propres forces d'inertie.As in the previous embodiment, the coating is glued to the support 5 at a level 9 and glued to the load 3 and it is subjected essentially to its own inertial forces.

La figure 3 montre un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention dans lequel le support 5 n'est plus annulaire mais affecte la forme d'une coupelle appliquée sur le chargement explosif 3 et portant un logement 11 destiné à recevoir le revêtement 4.FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of the invention in which the support 5 is no longer annular but takes the form of a cup applied to the explosive charge 3 and carrying a housing 11 intended to receive the coating 4.

Comme dans les modes précédents, le support / coupelle 5 comporte une portée cylindrique 5a ayant un diamètre égal au diamètre interne de l'enveloppe 2.As in the previous modes, the support / cup 5 has a cylindrical surface 5a having a diameter equal to the internal diameter of the envelope 2.

Suivant ce mode de réalisation, les moyens de liaison du support 5 à l'enveloppe 2 comprennent une rondelle déformable 12 qui est disposée entre une face annulaire 13 du support 5 et un écrou 14 vissé à l'extrémité de l'enveloppe 2.According to this embodiment, the means for connecting the support 5 to the envelope 2 comprise a deformable washer 12 which is disposed between an annular face 13 of the support 5 and a nut 14 screwed to the end of the envelope 2.

L'écrou 14 constitue ainsi une surface d'appui solidaire de l'enveloppe 2.The nut 14 thus constitutes a bearing surface integral with the casing 2.

Les diamètres internes D1 de la rondelle 12 et D2 de l'écrou 14 sont choisis supérieurs au diamètre externe du revêtement 4, ainsi il n'y a aucun obstacle disposé en avant du revêtement et susceptible de venir perturber la formation du noyau.The internal diameters D1 of the washer 12 and D2 of the nut 14 are chosen to be greater than the external diameter of the coating 4, so there is no obstacle placed in front of the coating and capable of disturbing the formation of the core.

La rondelle 12 est représentée plus en détails aux figures 4a et 4b. Elle est réalisée en tôle d'acier à ressort emboutie et elle comporte des languettes ressorts 15 (ici quatre languettes), régulièrement réparties angulairement, et qui sont en appui sur la face annulaire 13 du support 5.The washer 12 is shown in more detail in Figures 4a and 4b. It is made of pressed spring steel sheet and it has spring tongues 15 (here four tongues), regularly angularly distributed, and which are supported on the annular face 13 of the support 5.

Ces languettes ressort 15 ont ici la forme d'arcs de cercles concentriques à la rondelle 12 et elles sont obtenues par découpe de la rondelle.These spring tabs 15 have here the form of arcs of circles concentric with the washer 12 and they are obtained by cutting the washer.

Grâce aux languettes 15, la rondelle 12 est déformable en compression et elle permet de rattraper les jeux axiaux entre le chargement explosif 3 (portant le support 5) et l'enveloppe 2, principalement les jeux dus aux dilatations thermiques différentielles.Thanks to the tongues 15, the washer 12 is deformable in compression and it makes it possible to make up for the axial clearances between the explosive charge 3 (carrying the support 5) and the casing 2, mainly the clearances due to differential thermal expansion.

Lorsque la charge est soumise à une force d'accélération orientée du chargement 3 vers le support 5, (par exemple lors de l'éjection de la charge hors du vecteur), un léger déplacement axial du chargement explosif portant le support et le revêtement se produit jusqu'à écrasement complet de la rondelle 12. Ce déplacement axial est égal aux maximum des dilatations thermiques rencontrées, il est de l'ordre de 0,5 mm.When the load is subjected to an acceleration force directed from the load 3 to the support 5, (for example during the ejection of the load out of the vector), a slight axial displacement of the explosive load carrying the support and the coating produced until the washer 12 is completely crushed. This axial displacement is equal to the maximum thermal expansion encountered, it is of the order of 0.5 mm.

Une fois écrasée, la rondelle assure (avec le support 5) le maintien axial du chargement 3 par rapport à l'enveloppe 2 de la charge.Once crushed, the washer ensures (with the support 5) the axial maintenance of the load 3 relative to the envelope 2 of the load.

Lors du relâchement des efforts d'accélération, les languettes 15 ramènent par l'intermédiaire de la coupelle le revêtement et le chargement en contact avec le fond de la charge (position initiale de la charge).When the acceleration forces are released, the tongues 15 bring the coating and the load into contact with the bottom of the load via the cup (initial position of the load).

Là encore le revêtement n'est soumis à aucune force autre que sa propre inertie.Again the coating is not subjected to any force other than its own inertia.

L'avantage de ce mode de réalisation est qu'il permet d'assurer une excellente tenue mécanique à l'accélération d'éjection de la charge tout en autorisant les dilatations thermiques d'une façon très fiable et reproductible.The advantage of this embodiment is that it ensures excellent mechanical resistance to the acceleration of ejection of the charge while allowing thermal expansion in a very reliable and reproducible manner.

On dimensionnera le support 5 en fonction de l'amplitude des efforts d'accélération subis.The support 5 will be dimensioned as a function of the amplitude of the acceleration forces undergone.

On pourra adopter une rondelle 12 telle que, lorsque l'obus est entraîné en rotation, les extrémités des languettes 15 s'engagent dans la coupelle/support 5. On assure ainsi l'entraînement en rotation du support par la rondelle 12 (elle même entraînée en rotation par l'écrou 14, par exemple au moyen de méplats non représentés).We can adopt a washer 12 such that, when the shell is rotated, the ends of the tongues 15 engage in the cup / support 5. thus ensures the rotational drive of the support by the washer 12 (itself driven in rotation by the nut 14, for example by means of flats not shown).

La rondelle 12 devra donc être définie de telle sorte que, les languettes viennent en appui sur le support et aient une orientation telle que le sens de rotation de l'obus corresponde à un arc orienté de la base de la languette vers son extrémité libre.The washer 12 must therefore be defined so that the tongues come to bear on the support and have an orientation such that the direction of rotation of the shell corresponds to an arc oriented from the base of the tongue towards its free end.

La coupelle 5 est interposée entre le chargement explosif et le revêtement. Lors de l'initiation du chargement elle transmet au revêtement le choc qu'elle reçoit de l'explosif.The cup 5 is interposed between the explosive charge and the coating. When loading is initiated, it transmits the shock it receives from the explosive to the coating.

On donnera à la partie de la coupelle 5 disposée entre l'explosif et le revêtement 4 une épaisseur qui sera choisie de façon à favoriser la formation du noyau tout en assurant la tenue mécanique aux contraintes rencontrées lors de l'éjection.The part of the cup 5 disposed between the explosive and the coating 4 will be given a thickness which will be chosen so as to promote the formation of the core while ensuring mechanical resistance to the stresses encountered during ejection.

On choisira de préférence un matériau métallique dont l'impédance de choc est inférieure à celle du revêtement.Preferably, a metallic material will be chosen whose impact impedance is lower than that of the coating.

On pourra par exemple réaliser une coupelle en alliage d'aluminium dont l'épaisseur est de l'ordre du millimètre pour soutenir un revêtement en tantale.We can for example make a cup of aluminum alloy whose thickness is of the order of a millimeter to support a coating of tantalum.

Comme dans les modes de réalisation précédents, le support/coupelle 5 permet de réduire l'influence d'une fuite de gaz à la périphérie du revêtement au moment de l'initiation de l'explosif.As in the previous embodiments, the support / cup 5 makes it possible to reduce the influence of a gas leak at the periphery of the coating at the time of initiation of the explosive.

A titre de variante on pourra remplacer la rondelle élastique 22 par une rondelle en élastomère compressible.Alternatively, the elastic washer 22 may be replaced by a compressible elastomer washer.

A titre de variante il est bien sûr possible pour compenser les dilatations de prévoir des moyens compressibles (tel une couche d'un élastomère) disposés entre le chargement explosif et le revêtement et/ou le support (ou la coupelle) ou bien entre le fond de l'enveloppe 2 et le chargement explosif.As a variant, it is of course possible to compensate for expansions by providing compressible means (such as a layer of an elastomer) disposed between the explosive charge and the coating and / or the support (or the cup) or between the bottom of envelope 2 and the explosive charge.

Claims (9)

Charge génératrice de noyau (1) comportant un chargement explosif (3) disposé dans une enveloppe (2) et un revêtement (4) destiné à être mis en mouvement par la détonation du chargement explosif, charge caractérisée en ce que le revêtement (4) est mis en place sur un support (5) comportant une portée cylindrique (5a) ajustée au diamètre interne de l'enveloppe (2), support rendu solidaire de l'enveloppe par des moyens de liaison et assurant ainsi le maintien axial du chargement explosif (3) par rapport à l'enveloppe (2).Core-generating charge (1) comprising an explosive charge (3) placed in an envelope (2) and a covering (4) intended to be set in motion by the detonation of the explosive charge, charge characterized in that the covering (4) is placed on a support (5) comprising a cylindrical surface (5a) adjusted to the internal diameter of the envelope (2), support made integral with the envelope by connecting means and thus ensuring the axial maintenance of the explosive charge (3) relative to the envelope (2). Charge génératrice de noyau selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le support (5) est annulaire.Core-generating charge according to claim 1, characterized in that the support (5) is annular. Charge génératrice de noyau selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que le support (5) comporte une surface (10) sensiblement conique en contact avec le chargement explosif (3).Core-generating charge according to claim 2, characterized in that the support (5) has a substantially conical surface (10) in contact with the explosive charge (3). Charge génératrice de noyau selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le support (5) est une coupelle appliquée sur le chargement explosif (3) et portant un logement (11) destiné à recevoir le revêtement (4).Core-generating charge according to claim 1, characterized in that the support (5) is a cup applied to the explosive charge (3) and carrying a housing (11) intended to receive the coating (4). Charge génératrice de noyau selon la revendication 42, caractérisée en ce que le matériau de la coupelle (5) a une impédance de choc inférieure à celle du revêtement (4).Core-generating charge according to claim 42, characterized in that the material of the cup (5) has a lower impedance of impact than that of the coating (4). Charge génératrice de noyau selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que le revêtement (4) est réalisé en Tantale et la coupelle (5) en alliage d'aluminium.Core generating charge according to claim 5, characterized in that the coating (4) is made of Tantalum and the cup (5) of aluminum alloy. Charge génératrice de noyau selon une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que le support (5) est fixé à l'enveloppe (2) par des moyens de liaison qui comprennent une rondelle (12) déformable disposée entre le support (5) et une surface d'appui (14) solidaire de l'enveloppe (2).Core-generating charge according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the support (5) is fixed to the casing (2) by connecting means which include a deformable washer (12) disposed between the support (5) and a bearing surface (14) integral with the envelope (2). Charge génératrice de noyau selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que la rondelle déformable (12) comporte des languettes ressorts (15), régulièrement réparties angulairement et qui sont disposées de façon à permettre une déformation par compression de la rondelle (12).Core-generating charge according to claim 7, characterized in that the deformable washer (12) has spring tabs (15), regularly distributed angularly and which are arranged so as to allow compression deformation of the washer (12). Charge génératrice de noyau selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que les languettes ressorts (15) ont une forme d'arcs de cercle concentriques à la rondelle (12).Core-generating charge according to claim 8, characterized in that the spring tongues (15) have the shape of arcs of a circle concentric with the washer (12).
EP19960402311 1995-11-13 1996-10-30 Projectile forming charge improved in withstanding acceleration Expired - Lifetime EP0773424B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9513378A FR2741142B1 (en) 1995-11-13 1995-11-13 CORE GENERATOR LOAD HAVING IMPROVED ACCELERATION RESISTANCE
FR9513378 1995-11-13

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EP0773424A1 true EP0773424A1 (en) 1997-05-14
EP0773424B1 EP0773424B1 (en) 2000-09-20

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EP (1) EP0773424B1 (en)
DE (1) DE69610395T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2741142B1 (en)

Cited By (2)

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EP1363102A2 (en) * 2002-05-16 2003-11-19 Diehl Munitionssysteme GmbH & Co. KG Warhead
GB2584361B (en) * 2019-05-25 2023-02-01 Alford Ip Ltd Improvements in or relating to explosive charges

Families Citing this family (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2812384B1 (en) 2000-07-26 2002-12-06 Giat Ind Sa DEVICE FOR NEUTRALIZING A PAYLOAD
DE102012007203B4 (en) * 2012-04-12 2015-03-05 TDW Gesellschaft für verteidigungstechnische Wirksysteme mbH Method and device for increasing the output of a shaped charge with plastic-bonded explosive at low temperatures
US20180094910A1 (en) * 2015-04-02 2018-04-05 Hunting Titan, Inc. Snap-on Liner Retention Device
DE102022003744A1 (en) 2022-10-12 2024-04-18 Diehl Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg Fine-tuning an explosively formed projectile

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FR2086531A5 (en) * 1970-04-01 1971-12-31 Clausin Pierre Plate charges - insulating screen
DE2046372A1 (en) * 1970-09-19 1972-03-23 Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf Hollow charge - with conical shaper kept in charge contact by springs and adhesive intermediate layer
DE2807309C1 (en) * 1978-02-21 1987-07-23 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Explosive charge with spiked or projectile-forming assignments
FR2627580A1 (en) 1988-02-18 1989-08-25 France Etat Armement METHOD FOR OBTAINING A CORE COMPRISING STABILIZING FINS AND MILITARY LOAD APPLYING
DE3933955A1 (en) * 1989-10-11 1991-04-18 Diehl Gmbh & Co Shock resistant fixing of retaining ring of ammunition shell - reactive polymer is foamed in-situ to penetrate holes in retaining ring and gap between shell and ring
EP0543072A1 (en) * 1991-07-01 1993-05-26 Bofors AB Explosive projectile forming charge

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2086531A5 (en) * 1970-04-01 1971-12-31 Clausin Pierre Plate charges - insulating screen
DE2046372A1 (en) * 1970-09-19 1972-03-23 Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf Hollow charge - with conical shaper kept in charge contact by springs and adhesive intermediate layer
DE2807309C1 (en) * 1978-02-21 1987-07-23 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Explosive charge with spiked or projectile-forming assignments
FR2627580A1 (en) 1988-02-18 1989-08-25 France Etat Armement METHOD FOR OBTAINING A CORE COMPRISING STABILIZING FINS AND MILITARY LOAD APPLYING
DE3933955A1 (en) * 1989-10-11 1991-04-18 Diehl Gmbh & Co Shock resistant fixing of retaining ring of ammunition shell - reactive polymer is foamed in-situ to penetrate holes in retaining ring and gap between shell and ring
EP0543072A1 (en) * 1991-07-01 1993-05-26 Bofors AB Explosive projectile forming charge

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1363102A2 (en) * 2002-05-16 2003-11-19 Diehl Munitionssysteme GmbH & Co. KG Warhead
EP1363102A3 (en) * 2002-05-16 2004-10-20 Diehl Munitionssysteme GmbH & Co. KG Warhead
GB2584361B (en) * 2019-05-25 2023-02-01 Alford Ip Ltd Improvements in or relating to explosive charges

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69610395T2 (en) 2001-03-08
EP0773424B1 (en) 2000-09-20
FR2741142A1 (en) 1997-05-16
DE69610395D1 (en) 2000-10-26
FR2741142B1 (en) 1998-01-02

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