EP0770734B1 - Method for installing ground anchors - Google Patents
Method for installing ground anchors Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0770734B1 EP0770734B1 EP19960810680 EP96810680A EP0770734B1 EP 0770734 B1 EP0770734 B1 EP 0770734B1 EP 19960810680 EP19960810680 EP 19960810680 EP 96810680 A EP96810680 A EP 96810680A EP 0770734 B1 EP0770734 B1 EP 0770734B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- cement
- bore
- injection
- boring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
- E02D5/76—Anchorings for bulkheads or sections thereof in as much as specially adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/54—Piles with prefabricated supports or anchoring parts; Anchoring piles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of placing anchors designed to ensure the stability of a structure by with respect to land, involving the drilling of a hole into a ground anchoring area, introduction of cables and / or other tie rods in the borehole, and injection by said drilling hole of a cement suspension so as to form a sealing body in said anchoring zone.
- EP-A-0413676 describes a process of the type mentioned above that a tool is used which has a part of a drilling tool and has an axial channel extending a injection channel, a valve being arranged at the inlet of said channel axial so as to close said front entrance injection of a cement suspension under pressure through the canal central and said axial channel.
- the invention aims to provide a method of this type, which makes it possible to shorten considerably the time required to set up the tie rods and achieve very good anchoring, especially in types of terrain in which the usual methods do not allow not get satisfactory results. In particular, it targets process involving a particularly simple design of the tool.
- the method according to the invention is characterized in that drilling is carried out by means of a tube fitted at its end front, of a drilling and injection tool, this tube forming a cement injection channel and said tool comprising at least two side nozzles oriented in opposite directions, and comprising a drilling tool part having an axial channel extending said injection channel, a valve being arranged between the inlet of said axial channel and said nozzles, so as to allow to close said entry before injecting the suspension of cement under pressure, which is injected with said suspension of cement in the surrounding terrain through said nozzles, radially said tube, with a pressure greater than about 15 MPa (150 bars), by rotating this tube around its axis and going up, continuously or discontinuously, over a length of determined seal, that the injection is then stopped and that the tube is completely reassembled, said cables and / or other tie rods being introduced into the borehole, before hardening of the cement, right down to the sealing body training.
- the injection pressures of the cement suspension are, from preferably between 15 and 50 MPa (150 and 500 bars) and, in some case, between 50 and 90 MPa (500 and 900 bars).
- the tube is re-introduced into the borehole after pressure injection of the cement suspension for the formation of the sealing body, after replacing the drilling and injection by a frontal annular crown whose inner diameter is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the tube, so that cables or other tie rods remain in place when reassembling this tube.
- a frontal annular crown whose inner diameter is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the tube, so that cables or other tie rods remain in place when reassembling this tube.
- the method according to the invention makes it possible to carry out, in a single injection operation, a sealing body in the form of a bulb essentially cylindrical, whatever the structure and kind of terrain. Indeed, the very high pressure of the injection of suspension of cement destroys, on a certain radius, the structure existing land and forms a bulb made up of a mixture of cement and ground debris. This process provides a good result controllable by injection pressure and by characteristics, such as speed and possible downtime, of the axial and circumferential movement of the tool during ascent of the tube.
- a single injection operation being necessary, the setting in place of the tie rods requires only a fraction of the usual time and generally uses a quantity of cement injected much less.
- a work to anchor 1 is based on a section of land 2 and is stabilized by a anchor, designated as a whole by reference 3.
- This anchor comprises, in a known manner, for example tie cables 4 consisting of strands, one end of which is fixed in a tie head 5 resting on the structure 1.
- the tie cables 4 are arranged in a borehole 6 on a certain free length and are integral with a body of sealing 7 in the form of a bulb formed around the part lower of the cement injection drill hole under high pressure in the surrounding terrain.
- Fig. 1 gives only schematic representation of an example of a tie rod, the technique anchor being well known in itself.
- the present method consists in using, for example, a tube 8 provided of a drilling and injection tool 9 according to FIG. 2 to drill, initially, hole 6 over a length corresponding to the desired free length and the sealing length which is essentially that of bulb 7 of FIG. 1.
- the drilling is generally accompanied, in a known manner, by an injection water and air through the central channel 10 of the tube 8 and its extension 11 in the drilling part 12 of the tool 9.
- a cement suspension is injected into the ground at a very high pressure, for example 450 bar, through two nozzles lateral 13, 14 small diameter, 1.5 to 2 mm, communicating with the central channel 10.
- a valve 15 is arranged to close the channel 11 during this injection.
- the tube is rotated around its axis and is slowly withdrawn from so that the jets produced by nozzles 13 and 14 in opposite radial directions enter the ground creating a essentially cylindrical bulb, as shown in FIG. 1.
- the tube is completely reassembled and the tool 9 is replaced by a crown 16 which has an axial channel 17 having substantially the same diameter as channel 10.
- the tube fitted with the crown 16 back into the borehole to the bottom of the sealing area and the cables are introduced through channel 10 tie rod or other suitable type of frame.
- the tie cables or the armature remain in place through channel 17, and become integral with the bulb 7 during hardening thereof.
- the present process allows in all cases of application to shorten, significantly, the time required to install the anchor rods, while providing reliable and well-controlled anchoring in all types of terrain, allowing high usage forces.
Description
La présente invention concerne un procédé de mise en place de tirants d'ancrage destinés à assurer la stabilité d'un ouvrage par rapport à un terrain, comportant le forage d'un trou jusque dans une zone d'ancrage dans le terrain, l'introduction de câbles et/ou autres armatures de tirant dans le trou de forage, et l'injection par ledit trou de forage d'une suspension de ciment de façon à former un corps de scellement dans ladite zone d'ancrage.The present invention relates to a method of placing anchors designed to ensure the stability of a structure by with respect to land, involving the drilling of a hole into a ground anchoring area, introduction of cables and / or other tie rods in the borehole, and injection by said drilling hole of a cement suspension so as to form a sealing body in said anchoring zone.
Les procédés usuels de ce type nécessitent, pour la formation du corps de scellement, plusieurs injections de ciment, par exemple au moyen d'injections par manchettes, ces injections devant être espacées dans le temps et nécessitant ainsi généralement plusieurs jours pour la formation du corps de scellement. D'autre part, la force d'utilisation reste limitée, notamment dans des terrains argileux ou rocheux, du fait notamment des dimensions transversales restreintes du corps de scellement réalisable par les procédés connus, du mauvais contrôle de la formation de ce corps et de sa composition qui reste essentiellement constituée par le ciment injecté.The usual processes of this type require, for the formation of sealing body, several cement injections, for example by means of cuff injections, these injections having to be spaced over time and thus generally requiring several days for the formation of the sealing body. Else On the other hand, the power of use remains limited, especially in clay or rocky soils, due in particular to the dimensions limited cross-sections of the sealing body achievable by known processes, poor control of the formation of this body and its composition which remains essentially constituted by the injected cement.
Le document EP-A-0413676 décrit un procédé du type susmentionné selon lequel on utilise un outil qui comporte une partie d'outil de forage et présente un canal axial prolongeant un canal d'injection, une valve étant disposée à l'entrée dudit canal axial de manière à permettre de fermer ladite entrée avant l'injection d'une suspension de ciment sous pression par le canal central et ledit canal axial.The document EP-A-0413676 describes a process of the type mentioned above that a tool is used which has a part of a drilling tool and has an axial channel extending a injection channel, a valve being arranged at the inlet of said channel axial so as to close said front entrance injection of a cement suspension under pressure through the canal central and said axial channel.
L'invention vise à fournir un procédé de ce type, qui permet de raccourcir considérablement le temps nécessaire pour la mise en place des tirants et de réaliser un très bon ancrage, notamment dans les types de terrain dans lesquels les procédés usuels ne permettent pas d'obtenir des résultats satisfaisants. Elle vise notamment un procédé impliquant une conception particulièrement simple de l'outil.The invention aims to provide a method of this type, which makes it possible to shorten considerably the time required to set up the tie rods and achieve very good anchoring, especially in types of terrain in which the usual methods do not allow not get satisfactory results. In particular, it targets process involving a particularly simple design of the tool.
A cet effet, le procédé selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce que l'on effectue le forage au moyen d'un tube muni, à son extrémité frontale, d'un outil de forage et d'injection, ce tube formant un canal d'injection de ciment et ledit outil comportant au moins deux buses latérales orientées dans des directions opposées, et comportant une partie d'outil de forage présentant un canal axial prolongeant ledit canal d'injection, une valve étant disposée entre l'entrée dudit canal axial et lesdites buses, de manière à permettre de fermer ladite entrée avant l'injection de la suspension de ciment sous pression, que l'on injecte ladite suspension de ciment dans le terrain environnant à travers lesdites buses, radialement audit tube, avec une pression supérieure à environ 15 MPa (150 bars), en faisant tourner ce tube autour de son axe et en le remontant, de façon continue ou discontinue, sur une longueur de scellement déterminée, que l'on arrête ensuite l'injection et que l'on remonte le tube entièrement, lesdits câbles et/ou autres armatures de tirant étant introduits dans le trou de forage, avant le durcissement du ciment, jusque dans le corps de scellement en formation.To this end, the method according to the invention is characterized in that drilling is carried out by means of a tube fitted at its end front, of a drilling and injection tool, this tube forming a cement injection channel and said tool comprising at least two side nozzles oriented in opposite directions, and comprising a drilling tool part having an axial channel extending said injection channel, a valve being arranged between the inlet of said axial channel and said nozzles, so as to allow to close said entry before injecting the suspension of cement under pressure, which is injected with said suspension of cement in the surrounding terrain through said nozzles, radially said tube, with a pressure greater than about 15 MPa (150 bars), by rotating this tube around its axis and going up, continuously or discontinuously, over a length of determined seal, that the injection is then stopped and that the tube is completely reassembled, said cables and / or other tie rods being introduced into the borehole, before hardening of the cement, right down to the sealing body training.
Les pressions d'injection de la suspension de ciment se situent, de préférence, entre 15 et 50 MPa (150 et 500 bars) et, dans certains cas, entre 50 et 90 MPa (500 et 900 bars).The injection pressures of the cement suspension are, from preferably between 15 and 50 MPa (150 and 500 bars) and, in some case, between 50 and 90 MPa (500 and 900 bars).
De préférence, l'on ré-introduit le tube dans le trou de forage après l'injection sous pression de la suspension de ciment pour la formation du corps de scellement, après avoir remplacé l'outil de forage et d'injection par une couronne annulaire frontale dont le diamètre intérieur est sensiblement égal au diamètre intérieur du tube, de sorte que les câbles ou autres armatures de tirant restent en place lorsque l'on remonte ce tube. On peut injecter une suspension de ciment à travers ladite couronne pendant la ré-introduction du tube au fond du trou de forage.Preferably, the tube is re-introduced into the borehole after pressure injection of the cement suspension for the formation of the sealing body, after replacing the drilling and injection by a frontal annular crown whose inner diameter is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the tube, so that cables or other tie rods remain in place when reassembling this tube. We can inject a suspension of cement through said crown during re-introduction from the tube to the bottom of the borehole.
Le procédé selon l'invention permet de réaliser, en une seule opération d'injection, un corps de scellement sous forme d'un bulbe essentiellement cylindrique, quels que soient la structure et le genre de terrain. En effet, la pression très élevée de l'injection de suspension de ciment détruit, sur un certain rayon, la structure existante du terrain et forme un bulbe constitué par un mélange de ciment et de débris de terrain. Ce procédé fournit un résultat bien contrôlable par la pression de l'injection et par les caractéristiques, telles que vitesse et temps d'arrêt éventuels, du mouvement axial et circonférentiel de l'outil lors de la remontée du tube. Une seule opération d'injection étant nécessaire, la mise en place des tirants d'ancrage ne nécessite qu'une fraction du temps usuel et utilise généralement une quantité de ciment injecté bien moindre.The method according to the invention makes it possible to carry out, in a single injection operation, a sealing body in the form of a bulb essentially cylindrical, whatever the structure and kind of terrain. Indeed, the very high pressure of the injection of suspension of cement destroys, on a certain radius, the structure existing land and forms a bulb made up of a mixture of cement and ground debris. This process provides a good result controllable by injection pressure and by characteristics, such as speed and possible downtime, of the axial and circumferential movement of the tool during ascent of the tube. A single injection operation being necessary, the setting in place of the tie rods requires only a fraction of the usual time and generally uses a quantity of cement injected much less.
Les caractéristiques, buts et avantages du procédé selon
l'invention ressortiront plus clairement de la description donnée
ci-après à titre d'exemples, de deux manières de mise en oeuvre,
illustrées dans les dessins annexés dans lesquels:
Selon la représentation schématique de la Fig. 1, un ouvrage à
ancrer 1 s'appuie sur une partie de terrain 2 et est stabilisé par un
tirant d'ancrage, désigné dans son ensemble par la référence 3. According to the schematic representation of FIG. 1, a work to
anchor 1 is based on a section of
Ce tirant d'ancrage comporte, de manière connue, par exemple des
câbles de tirant 4 constitués par des torons dont une extrémité est
fixée dans une tête de tirant 5 en appui sur l'ouvrage 1.This anchor comprises, in a known manner, for example
tie cables 4 consisting of strands, one end of which is
fixed in a
Les câbles de tirant 4 sont disposés dans un trou de forage 6 sur
une certaine longueur libre et sont solidaires d'un corps de
scellement 7 sous forme d'un bulbe formé autour de la partie
inférieure du trou de forage par injection de ciment sous haute
pression dans le terrain environnant. La Fig. 1 ne donne qu'une
représentation schématique d'un exemple de tirant, la technique
d'ancrage étant bien connue en elle-même.The tie cables 4 are arranged in a
Le présent procédé consiste à utiliser, par exemple, un tube 8 muni
d'un outil de forage et d'injection 9 selon la Fig. 2 pour percer,
dans un premier temps, le trou 6 sur une longueur correspondant à
la longueur libre souhaitée et la longueur de scellement qui est
essentiellement celle du bulbe 7 de la Fig. 1. Le forage est
généralement accompagné, d'une manière connue, d'une injection
d'eau et d'air par le canal central 10 du tube 8 et son prolongement
11 dans la partie de forage 12 de l'outil 9. Lorsque le forage est
terminé, l'on injecte dans le terrain une suspension de ciment à une
pression très élevée, par exemple de 450 bars, à travers deux buses
latérales 13, 14 de faible diamètre, soit 1,5 à 2 mm, communiquant
avec le canal central 10. Une valve 15 est agencée pour fermer le
canal 11 lors de cette injection. Durant cette opération, le tube est
entraíné en rotation autour de son axe et est retiré lentement, de
sorte que les jets produits par les buses 13 et 14 dans des
directions radiales opposées pénètrent dans le terrain en créant un
bulbe essentiellement cylindrique, tel que représenté à la Fig. 1.
Lorsque ce corps de scellement a été formé sur la longueur voulue,
on remonte le tube entièrement et l'on remplace l'outil 9 par une
couronne 16 qui présente un canal axial 17 ayant sensiblement le
même diamètre que le canal 10. On introduit le tube muni de la
couronne 16 de nouveau dans le trou de forage jusqu'au fond de la
zone de scellement et l'on introduit par le canal 10 les câbles de
tirant ou un autre type d'armature approprié. Lorsque l'on remonte
le tube 8 à nouveau, les câbles de tirant ou l'armature restent en
place en passant par le canal 17, et deviennent solidaires du bulbe
7 lors du durcissement de celui-ci.The present method consists in using, for example, a
Il est à noter que la ré-introduction du tube 8 n'est pas
indispensable, les câbles ou armatures pouvant être introduits,
dans certain cas, sans la présence du tube 8.It should be noted that the re-introduction of the
Ainsi que cela a été mentionné plus haut, le présent procédé permet dans tous les cas d'application de raccourcir, de façon importante, le temps nécessaire pour la mise en place des tirants d'ancrage, tout en fournissant un ancrage fiable et bien contrôlé dans tous les types de terrain, autorisant des forces d'utilisation élevées.As mentioned above, the present process allows in all cases of application to shorten, significantly, the time required to install the anchor rods, while providing reliable and well-controlled anchoring in all types of terrain, allowing high usage forces.
Claims (5)
- Method of fixing tie rods (3) for ensuring the stability of a construction (1) in relation to ground (2), comprising boring a bore (6) through to an anchor zone in the ground, inserting cables and/or other tie rod trusses in the bore, and injecting through said bore a cement suspension so as to form an embedding body (7) in the anchor zone, characterized in that the boring is effected by means of a tube (8) having, at it's frontal extremity, a boring and injecting tool (9; 18,21), this tube forming a cement injection channel (10, 19) and said tool comprising at least two lateral nozzles (13, 14; 23, 24) oriented in opposed directions and comprising a boring tool portion (12) having an axial channel (11) prolonging said injection channel (10), a valve (15) being arranged between the inlet of said axial channel (11) and said nozzles (13, 14), so as to enable closing of said inlet before injection of cement suspension under pressure, that said cement suspension is injected in the surrounding ground through said nozzles, radially around the tube, with a pressure higher than around 15 MPa (150 bars) by turning the tube around its axis and by raising it, in a continuous or discontinuous manner, over a defined embedding length, that subsequently the injecting is stopped and that the tube is entirely raised, said cables and/or tie rod trusses (4) being inserted in the bore (6), before the cement sets, through to the embedding body being formed.
- Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the injection pressure is situated between 15 and 50 MPa (150 and 500 bars).
- Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the injection pressure is situation between 50 and 90 MPa (500 and 900 bars).
- Method according to claim 1, characterized in that said tube (8) is reinserted in the bore and in the embedding body before the cement sets, after having replaced the boring and injecting tool (9) by an annular frontal collar (16) having an axial channel (17), whose inner diameter is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the tube (8), that said cables and/or other tie rod trusses are inserted by said tube and that this tube is raised.
- Method according to claim 4, characterized in that the cement suspension is injected through said collar (16) during the reinsertion of the tube (8) to the end of the bore.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH2988/95 | 1995-10-23 | ||
| CH298895 | 1995-10-23 | ||
| CH298895A CH691128A5 (en) | 1995-10-23 | 1995-10-23 | A method of establishment of anchors. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0770734A1 EP0770734A1 (en) | 1997-05-02 |
| EP0770734B1 true EP0770734B1 (en) | 2000-01-05 |
Family
ID=4246139
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19960810680 Expired - Lifetime EP0770734B1 (en) | 1995-10-23 | 1996-10-11 | Method for installing ground anchors |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0770734B1 (en) |
| CH (1) | CH691128A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69606008T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2142565T3 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10017894A1 (en) * | 2000-04-11 | 2001-10-25 | Stump Spezialtiefbau Gmbh | Method and device for producing undercut cavities, in particular for producing support members and nails |
| CN102080377A (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2011-06-01 | 张继红 | Composite anchor rod and guide construction method thereof |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DK1087063T3 (en) | 1999-09-23 | 2009-08-03 | Forasol S A | Device for drilling and anchoring and method of installing wooden anchors |
| US6672806B2 (en) | 2000-11-22 | 2004-01-06 | Forasol International Sa | Device for drilling and anchoring and process for placing grout anchors |
| CN101806061B (en) * | 2010-03-16 | 2011-07-20 | 合肥工业大学 | Anchorage unit and construction method using same to ream ground anchor |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1539176A (en) * | 1967-08-03 | 1968-09-13 | Soletanche | Tie rod device intended to be anchored in the ground |
| DE3926787C2 (en) * | 1989-08-11 | 1998-07-02 | Holzmann Philipp Ag | Method and device for inserting and anchoring a tensile pile |
| BE1004389A3 (en) * | 1989-08-14 | 1992-11-10 | Smet Boring Nv | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE GROUND FIXING ANCHORS, NAILS AND SIMILAR reinforcements. |
-
1995
- 1995-10-23 CH CH298895A patent/CH691128A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1996
- 1996-10-11 DE DE1996606008 patent/DE69606008T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-10-11 ES ES96810680T patent/ES2142565T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-10-11 EP EP19960810680 patent/EP0770734B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10017894A1 (en) * | 2000-04-11 | 2001-10-25 | Stump Spezialtiefbau Gmbh | Method and device for producing undercut cavities, in particular for producing support members and nails |
| CN102080377A (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2011-06-01 | 张继红 | Composite anchor rod and guide construction method thereof |
| CN102080377B (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2012-07-11 | 张继红 | Composite anchor rod and guide construction method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CH691128A5 (en) | 2001-04-30 |
| ES2142565T3 (en) | 2000-04-16 |
| DE69606008T2 (en) | 2000-09-07 |
| DE69606008D1 (en) | 2000-02-10 |
| EP0770734A1 (en) | 1997-05-02 |
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