EP0770105A1 - Procede de fabrication de corps moules pouvant servir de compost apres utilisation, a partir de matieres premieres essentiellement vegetales et de pastilles appropriees - Google Patents

Procede de fabrication de corps moules pouvant servir de compost apres utilisation, a partir de matieres premieres essentiellement vegetales et de pastilles appropriees

Info

Publication number
EP0770105A1
EP0770105A1 EP95926385A EP95926385A EP0770105A1 EP 0770105 A1 EP0770105 A1 EP 0770105A1 EP 95926385 A EP95926385 A EP 95926385A EP 95926385 A EP95926385 A EP 95926385A EP 0770105 A1 EP0770105 A1 EP 0770105A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
component
pellets
cellulose
natural
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP95926385A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Schaible
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Naturalis AG
Original Assignee
Naturalis AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Naturalis AG filed Critical Naturalis AG
Publication of EP0770105A1 publication Critical patent/EP0770105A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L93/00—Compositions of natural resins; Compositions of derivatives thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/007—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres and at least partly composed of recycled material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
    • C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing compostable moldings, in particular for use as single-use articles for packaging purposes or consumer goods in the household goods sector and as
  • Containers in which a component mixture containing predominantly vegetable raw materials is produced, pellets are formed from the premixed component mixture with solidification by means of a pelletizing press, and the pellets are processed into shaped bodies, optionally after comminution, using pressure and heat, optionally with subsequent curing.
  • the invention further relates to pellets for use in the process of making compostable
  • Shaped articles in particular for use as single-use articles for packaging purposes or commodities in the household goods sector and as containers made of components containing predominantly vegetable raw materials, the component mixture being processed to form the pellets while the components are solidified and the pellets using pressure and heat, optionally with subsequent articles Curing can be processed.
  • the component mixture being processed to form the pellets while the components are solidified and the pellets using pressure and heat, optionally with subsequent articles Curing can be processed.
  • EP 0537110 A1 discloses a generic method for producing moldings from thermoplastically processable component mixtures, in which, in a first process step, pellets are produced from predominantly vegetable raw materials with starch as a binder by means of a pellet press, which are then thermoplastic to form moldings by means of a screw press or by means of compression molding machines to be processed further.
  • flow agents and / or sealants such as glycerol and / or collagen, can also be added to the pellets.
  • Shaped bodies can be used as disposable items or disposable items in the packaging area or as commodities in the household goods area, such as cups, plates, bowls or as containers for technical products. Due to the sometimes quite considerable proportion of starch as
  • Binders tend to absorb moisture and water quickly in products manufactured according to EP 0537 110, which may prematurely soften them, and only withstand low mechanical loads.
  • FR 2697259 discloses a starch-containing product based on amylose, which is processed in conjunction with natural resins and hardening water to give films, granules, capsules, whereby curable resins such as Bakelite, similar materials are obtained. These hard, smooth materials do not contain any vegetable fibers.
  • JP 06010300 discloses a foamed material containing cellulose fibers, hollow particles, large amounts of plasticizer, small amounts of resin to improve water repellency, polysaccharadia as a biodegradable binder and a foaming agent which is used as a substitute for polystyrene Foam as Packaging material should serve. Although this material is somewhat elastic and shock-absorbing, it lacks stability and mechanical strength.
  • the invention is based on the object of proposing a method and a mixture of components with which compostable moldings having improved mechanical strengths can be produced by means of thermoplastic processing and which have sufficient stability to be able to be used at least as single-use articles in the packaging, household goods and technical products sectors .
  • this object is achieved in a generic method in that a component mixture prepared from the following components is used:
  • a solid body with high mechanical stability is obtained, depending on the chosen thermoplastic processing method by means of an extruder and extrusion tool as a semi-finished product in the form of a strand or plate, or when using a screw press with an injection tool as an injection molded body or with discontinuous processing in molding presses as a molded body.
  • tensile strengths according to DIN 53455 of 12 to 23 N / mm 2 and higher and elastic moduli of 3 to 7 kN / mm 2 are achieved.
  • the water absorption in the case of moist storage is also kept low, so that products made from the component mixtures according to the invention are also suitable as dinnerware - whereby they come into contact with moisture over a longer period of time - without disintegrating prematurely.
  • the component mixtures are constructed in such a way that compostability is ensured at a later point in time without additional aids.
  • Component A essentially takes on the task of ensuring the stability of the molded body to be produced and its compostability.
  • Suitable vegetable fibers are, for example, fibers made from straw, Chinese reed, wooden reed, cellulose, banana fibers, hemp, sisal, corn stalks, sugar cane stalks, which are used individually or in mixtures. Analog vegetable fibers, which are not listed here, can also be used for the invention.
  • the component B has the task of an inexpensive
  • Component B still has little effect of a binder if it still contains a small amount of starch, such as triticale. In the course of the production of the pellets, this starch causes the components pressed into the pellets to gel together and facilitates the subsequent further processing into the shaped bodies.
  • component B no longer contains starch or only a residual starch content of up to at most 5% by weight, preferably below 2% by weight.
  • Component B includes, in particular, processing residues and waste of a cellulose-containing, vegetable nature, such as are produced in the production of foods, such as triticale, sunflower extraction meal and kernels
  • binders and processing aids for the thermoplastic processing in smaller or larger amounts in the form of component C are required.
  • waxes and resins on a natural basis are proposed, these being usable individually, but possibly also mixtures thereof.
  • Exemplary resins and waxes that are used for the invention are rosin and its salts, copal, natural rubber, shellac, carnauba wax, damar resin, Japanese wax, candelilla wax, chicle gum, mastic.
  • Resins or waxes which have a low softening point, preferably below 125 ° C. or a low melting point of below 90 ° C. are preferably used.
  • Shellac for example, has a melting point of 65 to 85 ° C, carnauba wax from 83 to 86 ° C, candelilla wax from 68 to 70 ° C, Japanese wax from 51 to 55 ° C.
  • the softening points of rosin are 70 to 80 ° C, mastic 105 to 120 ° C. Because of its odorlessness, shellac is preferred for products that come into contact with food, such as dishes. Of the other resins, Kopal and Dammar resin are preferred.
  • Component C also serves to increase the water-repellent properties of the molded article to be produced.
  • the resins according to component C and the plasticizers, ie component E are only tolerated to a small extent, that is to say they have opposing properties. Resin contents of over 40% by weight are also used for moldings with high strength values.
  • Component D the mineral substances, are added in particular as a filler, optionally as flow aids, inexpensive inert materials such as silicates, lime, mica, glass beads, talc, quartz sand, aluminum oxide, slate being used individually or in mixtures.
  • plasticizers component E serves to make the product to be made more flexible.
  • Plasticizers primarily interact with fibers and fillers.
  • Preferred plasticizers are, for example, glycerol, water, butanediol, sugar, D-sorbitol, xylitol, citrates, phosphates.
  • the fibers become more flexible when plasticizers are added. The water evaporates quickly. Glycerin remains on the fibers and keeps them flexible. If high-strength molded articles are to be produced, the amount of plasticizer goes to zero.
  • Plasticizers can also be used in blends.
  • Colorants are added to color the moldings. Both inorganic pigments and / or natural dyes can be used here, including organic color pigments. Indigo, henna, carotene, chlorophyll, carmine, titanium dioxide, iron oxide, coal and madder red are particularly suitable. In particular, colorants approved under food law are preferred.
  • release agents are also used as processing aids for demolding the
  • Component mixtures to be produced molded articles used in particular if the component mixtures are processed by means of compression molding.
  • suitable release agents are stearic acid and / or its stearates or natural release agents such as orange oil, beeswax, tallow, sunflower oil and rapeseed oil. Release agents on a natural basis are used in particular. The higher the proportion of release agent, the more fragile the end product becomes. For this reason, only small amounts of release agent are used. The materials used as release agents have no binding capacity, they are only used to prevent sticking during processing. This is also an advantage if components C with a strong tendency to stick are used.
  • compostable disposable articles for the packaging area, household goods area and as containers for technical products such as, for example, industrial holders for auto parts, funeral urns, disposable plates, disposable cups, ballpoint pen sleeves, transport packaging cans, packaging chips, etc. can be produced.
  • molded articles with different properties are obtained, namely, short-lived and quickly compostable molded articles and, on the other hand, longer-lived compostable molded articles.
  • the moldings can be produced by extrusion with a profile tool or by injection molding or also by compression molding.
  • the aforementioned component mixtures are particularly suitable for processing by extrusion and injection molding. Since the moldings produced show a low moisture absorption, they are suitable for high-quality packaging, such as cassettes, containers, also for flower pots and similar applications or single-use food packaging or dishes.
  • Form C 18 - 40% by weight of resins and / or waxes on a natural basis
  • D 0 - 30% by weight of mineral substances in comminuted form and / or grain or dust form
  • E 1 - 6% by weight of plasticizer hygroscopic
  • Properties F 0-10% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 1.5% by weight of colorant G: 0-2.2% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight of release agent on a natural basis is used, with the molded body with a high tensile strength of 18 - 25 N / mm and a modulus of 6 to 4 kN / mm 2 are obtained.
  • Such moldings disintegrate relatively quickly when they come into contact with prolonged moisture and water, on the other hand they have high strengths in the dry state, so that they are suitable, for example, as covers for fireworks rockets. Packaging that is not heavily contaminated with water can also be produced from such component mixtures.
  • component mixtures according to the invention are produced by mixing the individual components and then processed to pellets by means of pressing and the pellets are then, optionally comminuted and then thermoplastic by means of screw presses and
  • Extrusion tools or injection molds processed into shaped bodies or processed into shaped bodies by means of compression molding processes In the thermoplastic processing by means of screw presses or compression molding, the component mixture or the pellets are heated to temperatures of 120 to 160 ° C. With the method according to the invention, compostable moldings can be produced both continuously as films, plates, profiles and batchwise.
  • pellets are built up from components which, after manufacture, can be stored and transported in a pelleting press.
  • pellets are preferably proposed for this which contain the following components: A. 25-65% by weight, preferably 35-60% by weight of cellulose-containing vegetable fibers B. 0-50% by weight of cellulose-containing vegetable waste or processing residues in comminuted form C. 5 - 45 wt .-%, preferably 25 - 40 wt .-% resins and / or waxes on a natural basis D. 0-30% by weight, preferably 5-25% by weight, of mineral substances in comminuted form and / or grain form or dust form
  • G 0-2.2% by weight, preferably 0.1-2% by weight of release agent on a natural basis.
  • Component mixture produced which is metered to a mixing device and mixed and homogenized in the mixing device, if necessary with the addition of moisture and heat, in order to then be conveyed as mixed material in a pelletizing press with a press drum, in which the component mixture solidifies, but while avoiding complete hardening of the components involved, pellets are formed.
  • the pellets preferably have an average diameter of 3 to 5 mm and have a square or spherical shape, usually in a uniform size. After cooling, these pellets are transportable and do not disintegrate easily and can then be further processed at any location in appropriate thermoplastic processing machines, such as extruders or molding presses, to give the desired shaped articles.
  • the pellets are preferably comminuted or granulated in order to obtain free-flowing, pourable particles for introduction and metering into the extruder.
  • the granules or the particles from the pellets are only slightly smaller than the pellets, but have a more favorable shape for introduction into the extruder.
  • the pellets are packed in moisture-proof bags or the like packed and are therefore storable and transportable for a longer period.
  • pellets with an average diameter of 3 mm and a maximum of 5 mm are produced in a square or spherical shape, usually in a uniform size. These pellets are cooled to room temperature, granulated and then the granules are shaped into a packaging part as a shaped body by means of a molding press.
  • the pellets or the granules can be either cold or preheated in the molding press, the mold is always heated, so that both the cold and the preheated granules are then at the required pressing temperatures of about 120 to 160 ° C to the desired Molded body is pressed, then removed from the mold and allowed to cool.
  • the moldings produced can be broken down more quickly because of component B since they absorb moisture and water. Disposable articles and packaging can be produced from this, which are not subject to high demands.
  • shellac as a hard, tough and amorphous resin, has the function of imparting good adhesion and abrasion resistance and strengthening the shaped body.
  • pellets are produced. These pellets are then plasticized by means of a screw press and subsequently processed in an injection mold into shaped bodies, such as packaging trays for technical products.
  • G 1.0 rapeseed oil pellets are produced according to Example 1, crushed and then processed on a screw press with an extrusion tool to form a profile as a shaped body.
  • the moldings have high tensile strength and modulus of elasticity and are water-repellent and show only low moisture absorption. They are therefore suitable for products with higher durability and resilience requirements.
  • the profile can then be used for packaging purposes, spacers or the like by cutting to length.
  • this mixture is particularly suitable for processing by press molding .
  • component B suitable for quickly decomposable and compostable products that occur in nature as waste, for example golf tees.
  • the profile can in turn be used for packaging purposes, spacers or the like by cutting to length.
  • the pellets can also be injection molded into flower pots, packaging cans, cassettes, etc. These items have low moisture absorption and therefore have a longer lifespan.
  • G 10 rapeseed oil is produced according to Example 2, which has a tensile strength of 19.8 N / mm and a modulus of elasticity of 5.5 kN / mm 2 . Due to the triticale content, moldings made from this mixture tend to be faster
  • caps of fireworks which lie around in the area after being shot and should rot as free of residues as possible, or golf tees.
  • the moldings according to the invention are distinguished by the fact that they contain no water or only a very small amount little addition of water by thermoplastic processing according to methods known in the processing of plastics, namely thermoplastic resins and thermosetting resins. This is due to the special selection and composition of the component mixtures. In particular, it is an object of the invention to provide only component mixtures based predominantly or almost exclusively on natural or vegetable bases that are compostable or rotten.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Wrappers (AREA)
  • Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication de corps moulés pouvant servir de compost après utilisation, utilisés notamment sous forme d'articles jetables pour l'emballage ou sous forme d'articles de consommation courante, à partir d'un mélange de composants contenant des matières premières essentiellement végétales, ce mélange servant à former des pastilles qui sont elles-mêmes transformées en corps moulés sous l'action de la pression et de la chaleur. Ce mélange comprend (a) 25 à 65 % en poids de fibres végétales cellulosiques; (b) 0 à 50 % en poids de déchets et résidus de transformation végétaux cellulosiques sous forme broyée; (c) 5 à 45 % de résines et/ou de cires naturelles ainsi qu'éventuellement des matières minérales sous forme broyée et/ou sous forme de grains ou de poussières, des plastifiants présentant des propriétés hygroscopiques, des colorants et des agents de démoulage naturels. Les pastilles fabriquées à partir de ce mélange sont transformées sous l'action de la chaleur en corps moulés, à une température d'environ 120 à 160 °C.
EP95926385A 1994-07-12 1995-07-05 Procede de fabrication de corps moules pouvant servir de compost apres utilisation, a partir de matieres premieres essentiellement vegetales et de pastilles appropriees Withdrawn EP0770105A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19944424419 DE4424419A1 (de) 1994-07-12 1994-07-12 Verfahren zum Herstellen von kompostierbaren Formkörpern aus vorwiegend pflanzlichen Rohstoffen und Komponentengemisch hierfür
DE4424419 1994-07-12
PCT/EP1995/002603 WO1996001869A1 (fr) 1994-07-12 1995-07-05 Procede de fabrication de corps moules pouvant servir de compost apres utilisation, a partir de matieres premieres essentiellement vegetales et de pastilles appropriees

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0770105A1 true EP0770105A1 (fr) 1997-05-02

Family

ID=6522851

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95926385A Withdrawn EP0770105A1 (fr) 1994-07-12 1995-07-05 Procede de fabrication de corps moules pouvant servir de compost apres utilisation, a partir de matieres premieres essentiellement vegetales et de pastilles appropriees

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0770105A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE4424419A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1996001869A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

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CN1084761C (zh) * 1998-09-23 2002-05-15 湖北省轻工业科学研究设计院 一种农用植物纤维地膜及其制造方法

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US5649874A (en) * 1996-08-05 1997-07-22 Marble Vision Inc. Transparent ball with insert, and process of manufacture thereof
DE19637565A1 (de) * 1996-09-14 1998-03-26 Naturalis Ag Verfahren zum Herstellen von kompostierbaren Formkörpern und Pellets aus einem kompostierbaren Komponentengemisch hierfür
DE29619016U1 (de) * 1996-11-01 1998-03-12 Müller, Wolf-Rüdiger, 70563 Stuttgart Biologisch abbaubares Kunststoffprodukt
DE19706642A1 (de) * 1997-02-20 1998-08-27 Apack Verpackungen Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Formkörpers aus biologisch abbaubarem Material
CH691958A5 (de) * 1997-03-10 2001-12-14 Genossenschaft Biomasse Techno Faserbewehrtes Granulat zum Spritzgiessen von bakteriell abbaubaren Formteilen und ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von bakteriell abbaubarem faserbewehrtem Granulat.
US6074587A (en) 1998-02-13 2000-06-13 Cs Enviromental Technology Ltd. Degradable container and a method of forming same
SG129293A1 (en) * 2004-06-11 2007-02-26 Gpac Technology S Pte Ltd Method to form a high strength moulded product
DK177605B1 (en) * 2010-03-16 2013-11-18 Hyben Vital Licens Aps Compositions of rose hips enriched with seeds of rose hips and their use as anti-inflammatory natural medicine for alleviating/reducing symptoms associated with inflammation and joint diseases such as arthritis and/or osteo-arthritis
BE1019736A3 (fr) * 2010-04-09 2012-12-04 Unilin Bvba
DE102017118881A1 (de) * 2017-08-18 2019-02-21 Kafform UG (haftungsbeschränkt) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Gebrauchsgegenständen

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US4359492A (en) * 1981-03-13 1982-11-16 Atlantic Richfield Company Coating with dusting agents in pelletizing tacky elastomeric materials
CH684178A5 (de) * 1991-10-07 1994-07-29 Naturalis Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formlingen aus thermoplastisch verarbeitbaren Komponentengemischen.
EP0556577A1 (fr) * 1992-01-20 1993-08-25 Ludwig Krickl Article moulé à base de cellulose et procédé de production
WO1993020140A1 (fr) * 1992-03-31 1993-10-14 Parke-Davis & Company Compositions polymeres biodegradables
FR2697259B1 (fr) * 1992-10-28 1996-06-07 Roquette Freres Compositions thermoformables biodegradables, leur procede de preparation et leur utilisation pour l'obtention d'articles thermoformes.
DE4406639A1 (de) * 1994-03-01 1995-09-21 Caspari Klaus J Verfahren zum Herstellen von Formkörpern aus cellulosehaltigem, pflanzlichem Material und deren Verwendung

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1084761C (zh) * 1998-09-23 2002-05-15 湖北省轻工业科学研究设计院 一种农用植物纤维地膜及其制造方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1996001869A1 (fr) 1996-01-25
DE4424419A1 (de) 1996-01-18

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