EP0768366B1 - Schmierölzusammensetzung - Google Patents
Schmierölzusammensetzung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0768366B1 EP0768366B1 EP96307382A EP96307382A EP0768366B1 EP 0768366 B1 EP0768366 B1 EP 0768366B1 EP 96307382 A EP96307382 A EP 96307382A EP 96307382 A EP96307382 A EP 96307382A EP 0768366 B1 EP0768366 B1 EP 0768366B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- dithiophosphate
- zinc
- lubricating oil
- carbon atoms
- oil composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M141/10—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic phosphorus-containing compound
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M135/02—Sulfurised compounds
- C10M135/04—Hydrocarbons
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- C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M135/02—Sulfurised compounds
- C10M135/06—Esters, e.g. fats
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- C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M135/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium containing a sulfur-to-oxygen bond
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- C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M135/12—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
- C10M135/14—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having a carbon-to-sulfur double bond
- C10M135/18—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having a carbon-to-sulfur double bond thiocarbamic type, e.g. containing the groups
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- C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M135/20—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides
- C10M135/22—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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- C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
- C10M137/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M137/10—Thio derivatives
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- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
- C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
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- C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2217/046—Polyamines, i.e. macromoleculars obtained by condensation of more than eleven amine monomers
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- C10M2217/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by functionalisation op polymers with a nitrogen containing compound
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- C10M2219/022—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds of hydrocarbons, e.g. olefines
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- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
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- C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel lubricating oil composition. More specifically, the present invention is concerned with a lubricating oil composition, which has excellent friction-reducing properties and high antiwear properties, is free from deterioration even in an air atmosphere containing NOx gas, retains friction-reducing properties over an extended period of time and accordingly, which is usable as a lubricating oil for internal combustion engines, automatic transmissions, dampers or power steering systems and makes it possible to achieve high gas mileage especially as a lubricating oil for internal combustion engines.
- Lubricating oils are used in internal combustion engines and in driving units and gears such as automatic transmissions, dampers and power steering systems to ensure smooth operation thereof.
- a lubricating oil for an internal combustion engine serves to cool the inside of the engine, to clean and disperse combustion products and to protect the engine from rusting and corrosion in addition to lubrication of various sliding portions such as piston rings and their associated cylinder liner, bearings for a crankshaft and a connecting rod, and a valve-operating mechanism including cams and valve lifters.
- a lubricating oil for internal combustion engines is required to meet diverse property requirements. Moreover, keeping step with the trend toward internal combustion engines of higher performance such as those achieving higher gas mileage and higher power output and permitting more severe operating conditions in recent years, there is an increasing demand for lubricating oils of still higher performance. As a basic function of a lubricating oil for internal combustion engines, it is especially important to assure smooth operation of the engines while protecting them from wearing and seizure under all condition. Lubricated portions of an engine mostly remain under fluid lubrication conditions but around the top and bottom dead centers of its valve-operating system or a piston, they tend to come under boundary lubrication conditions.
- combustion gas partly leaks between a cylinder and its piston and penetrates as blowby gas into a crank case.
- NOx gas is contained at a considerably high level in combustion gas. In addition to oxygen contained in the blowby gas, this NOx gas also deteriorates the lubricating oil for the internal combustion engine. Due to the move toward internal combustion engines of higher performance in recent years, the concentration of NOx gas in a crank case tends to increase.
- a variety of additives are incorporated in a lubricating oil for internal combustion engines, including, for example, an antiwear agent, a metallic detergent, a friction modifier, a nonash dispersant and an antioxidant.
- a friction modifier is therefore added to a lubricating oil as a measure for reducing the friction loss and increasing the gas mileage.
- Usable examples of the friction modifier generally include organic molybdenum compounds, fatty esters and alkylamines. These friction modifiers show their effects in an early stage after the initiation of their use but when subjected to oxidative deterioration by oxygen in the air, their effects are lost. A marked reduction in their effects is observed especially in the presence of NOx gas.
- compositions which contain (i) a zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate in which the alkyl groups may be primary, secondary or mixtures thereof and (ii) a dialkyl dithiocarbamate of molybdenum or tungsten.
- this composition does not contain an additional sulphur compound of the zinc dialkyl dithiocarbamate type and thereby has inadequate wear and lubricity properties.
- An object of the present invention is therefore to provide a lubricating oil composition which can retain friction-reducing effects for engines over an extended period of time without being adversely affected by NOx gas and possesses and exhibits both excellent friction-reducing properties and high antiwear properties.
- the present inventors have discovered a lubricating oil composition with a zinc di (primary alkyl) dithiophosphate and a zinc di (secondary alkyl) dithiophosphate, a specific sulfur compound, and an oxymolybdenum sulfide dithiocarbamate or an oxymolybdenum sulfide dithiophosphate added in specific proportions to a lubricating base oil which has been found to attain the above object, leading to the completion of the present invention.
- the present invention therefore provides a lubricating oil composition
- a lubricating oil composition comprising a major portion of lubricating base oil and a minor portion of the following components:
- the weight ratio of the phosphorus content of said zinc di (primary alkyl) dithiophosphate to that of said zinc di (secondary alkyl) dithiophosphate in the above-described lubricating oil composition can range from 25:75 to 80:20.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 in the formula [1] can individually represent primary alkyl groups having 8 to 13 carbon atoms and R 5 , R 6 , R 7 and R 8 in the formula [2] can individually represent secondary alkyl groups having 4 to 6 carbon atoms, as another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- lubricating base oil employed in the lubricating oil composition according to the present invention No particular limitation is imposed on the lubricating base oil employed in the lubricating oil composition according to the present invention.
- Those commonly employed as base oils in conventional lubricating oils for example, mineral oils and synthetic oils, can be used.
- the mineral oils include raffinates obtained by solvent-refining of raw materials for lubricating oils by using an aromatic extraction solvent such as phenol or furfural; hydrogenated oils obtained by hydrogenation of raw materials for lubricating oils by using a hydrogenation catalyst such as cobalt, molybdenum or the like supported on silica-alumina as a carrier; mineral oils such as lubricating oil fractions obtained by isomerization of wax, for example, 60 neutral oil, 100 neutral oil, 150 neutral oil, 300 neutral oil, 500 neutral oil, and bright stocks.
- examples of the synthetic oils include poly-a-olefin oligomers, polybutene, alkylbenzene, polyol esters, polyglycol esters, dibasic acid esters, phosphate esters and silicone oils. These base oils can be used either singly or in combination. It is also possible to use one or more mineral oils in combination with one or more synthetic oils.
- Preferred as base oils for use in the lubricating oil composition according to the present invention are those having viscosities at 100°C in a range of from 3 to 20 mm 2 /s.
- particularly preferred are hydrogenated oil and isomerized wax oils, which contain 3 wt% or less of aromatic components, 50 ppm or less (weight basis) of sulfur and 50 ppm or less (weight basis) of nitrogen.
- the lubricating oil composition according to the present invention contains the zinc di (primary alkyl) dithiophosphate represented by the formula [1] and the zinc di (secondary alkyl) dithiophosphate represented by the formula [2].
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 individually represent primary alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, which may be the same or different.
- a primary alkyl group means an alkyl group in which two hydrogen atoms and one carbon atom are bonded to the carbon atom directly bonded to an oxygen atom or an alkyl group in which three hydrogen atoms are bonded to the carbon atom directly bonded to an oxygen atom.
- Each primary alkyl group in the formula [1] can be either linear or branched.
- Illustrative of such primary alkyl groups are methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, and 2-ethyl hexyl.
- a zinc di (primary alkyl) dithiophosphate with primary alkyl groups having 3-12 carbon atoms as its primary alkyl groups can be used particularly preferably.
- R 5 , R 6 , R 7 and R 8 individually represent secondary alkyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, which may be the same or different.
- a secondary alkyl group means an alkyl group in which one hydrogen atom and two carbon atoms are bonded to the carbon atom directly bonded to an oxygen atom.
- Such secondary alkyl groups are isopropyl, secondary butyl, 1-methylbutyl, 1-methylpentyl, 1-methylhexyl, 1-ethylpropyl, 1-ethylbutyl, 1-ethylpentyl, 1-n-propylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylpropyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylpentyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylpentyl, 1,3-dimethylpentyl, 1,4-dimethylpentyl, 1-ethyl-2-methylpropyl, 1-ethyl-2-methylbutyl, 1-ethyl-3-methylbutyl, 1-isopropylbutyl, and 1-isopropyl-2-methylpropyl.
- the zinc di (primary alkyl) dithiophosphate represented by the formula [1] and the zinc di (secondary alkyl) dithiophosphate represented by the formula [2] are added to the lubricating base oil in such amounts that the weight ratio of the phosphorus content of the former dithiophosphate to that of the latter dithiophosphate ranges from 20:80 to 80:20, preferably from 25:75 to 80:20, more preferably from 30:70 to 70:30.
- the addition of the zinc di (primary alkyl) dithiophosphate and the zinc di (secondary alkyl) dithiophosphate at a weight ratio in phosphorous content of from 20:80 to 80:20 makes it possible to improve the friction-reducing properties without reducing the antiwear properties.
- the weight ratio of the phosphorus content of the zinc di (primary alkyl) dithiophosphate to that of the zinc di (secondary alkyl) dithiophosphate is smaller than 20:80, that is, the proportion of the zinc di (primary alkyl) dithiophosphate is unduly small relative to that of the zinc di (secondary alkyl) dithiophosphate, there is the potential problem that the resulting lubricating oil composition may not be provided with sufficient friction-reducing properties.
- the weight ratio of the phosphorus content of the zinc di (primary alkyl) dithiophosphate to that of the zinc di (secondary alkyl) dithiophosphate exceeds 80:20, that is, the proportion of the zinc di (secondary alkyl) dithiophosphate is unduly small relative to that of the zinc di (primary alkyl) dithiophosphate, there is the potential problem that the resulting lubricating oil composition may be provided with lowered antiwear properties.
- the zinc di (primary alkyl) dithiophosphate and the zinc di (secondary alkyl) dithiophosphate are incorporated in amounts so that the amount of phosphorus derived therefrom is in the range 0.07 to 0.15 wt%, preferably 0.08 to 0.10 wt% based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.
- An amount of phosphorus derived from the zinc di (primary alkyl) dithiophosphate and the zinc di (secondary alkyl) dithiophosphate smaller than 0.07 wt% of the total weight of the lubricating oil composition may disadvantageously lead to insufficient antiwear properties.
- an amount of phosphorus derived from the zinc di (primary alkyl) dithiophosphate and the zinc di (secondary alkyl) dithiophosphate greater than 0.15 wt% of the total weight of the lubricating oil composition is not expected to bring about an additional improvement in effects in proportion to the increase in the amount of phosphorus.
- the lubricating oil composition according to the present invention further contains one or more sulfur compounds selected from the group consisting of zinc dialkyl dithiocarbamates, copper dialkyl dithiocarbamates or nickel dialkyl dithiocarbamates in which each alkyl group has 2 to 18 carbon atoms, tetraalkylthiuram disulfides in which each alkyl group has 2 to 18 carbon atoms, disulfides containing one or more alkyl groups having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, disulfides containing one or more aryl groups having 6 to 18 carbon atoms or one or more alkylaryl or arylalkyl groups having 7 to 18 carbon atoms, thiadiazole compounds having one or more sulfur-containing substituent groups and 3 to 24 carbon atoms, olefin sulfides, sulfurized fish oil and sulfurized whale oil.
- one or more sulfur compounds selected from the group consisting of zinc dialkyl dithiocarbamates, copper dialkyl dithiocarbamates or
- M represents a zinc atom, a copper atom or a nickel atom
- R 17 , R 18 , R 19 and R 20 individually represent alkyl groups having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, which may be the same or different.
- the alkyl groups which are represented by R 17 , R 18 , R 19 and R 20 and have 2 to 18 carbon atoms can either be linear or branched.
- R 21 , R 22 , R 23 and R 24 individually represent alkyl groups having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, which may be the same or different.
- the alkyl groups which are represented by R 21 , R 22 , R 23 and R 24 and have 2 to 18 carbon atoms can be either linear or branched.
- Disulfides usable for addition to the lubricating oil composition according to the present invention include compounds represented by the following formula [7]: R 25 ⁇ S ⁇ S ⁇ R 26
- R 25 and R 26 individually represent alkyl groups having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, aryl groups having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, or alkylaryl or arylalkyl groups having 7 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably alkyl groups having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, aryl groups having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, or alkylaryl or arylalkyl groups having 7 to 12 carbon atoms, which may be either the same or different.
- the alkyl groups which are represented by R 25 and R 26 and have 2 to 18 carbon atoms can be either linear or branched.
- examples of the aryl groups having 6 to 18 carbon atoms and the alkylaryl and arylalkyl groups having 7 to 18 carbon atoms, which are represented by R 25 and R 26 include phenyl, naphthyl, benzyl, phenethyl, methylbenzyl, and diphenylmethyl.
- dibenzyl disulfide can be used as a particularly preferred disulfide.
- Illustrative examples of the monovalent groups which are represented by R 27 and R 28 in the formula [8] and contain one or more sulfur atoms include 5-thianonyl, 2,5-dithiahexyl, 3,4-dithiahexyl, 4,5-dithiahexyl, 3,4,5-trithiaheptyl, 3,4,5,6-tetrathiaoctyl, 5-thia-2-heptenyl, 4-thiacyclohexyl, 1,4-dithianaphthyl, 5-(methylthio) octyl, 4-(ethylthio)-2-pentenyl, 4-(methylthio) cyclohexyl, 4-mercaptophenyl, 4-(methylthio) phenyl, and 4-(hexylthio) benzyl.
- groups containing 2 to 4 sulfur atoms successively bonded together in their chains such as a 3,4-dithiahexyl group represented by the following formula [9], a 4,5-dithiahexyl group represented by the following formula [10], a 3,4,5-trithiaheptyl group represented by the following formula [11] and a 3,4,5,6-tetrathiaoctyl group represented by the following formula [12]: CH 3 CH 2 -S-S-CH 2 CH 2 - CH 3 -S-S-CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 - CH 3 CH 2 -S-S-S-CH 2 CH 2 - CH 3 CH 2 -S-S-S-CH 2 CH 2 - CH 3 CH 2 -S-S-S-CH 2 CH 2 -
- olefin sulfides polysulfides obtained by subjecting polymers of isobutylene and the like to sulfurization treatment and having sulfur contents of from 25 to 40 wt%.
- sulfurized fish oil and sulfurized whale oil those obtained by similarly subjecting fish oil and whale oil to sulfurization treatment can be exemplified.
- the dialkyl dithiocarbamates represented by the formula [5], the tetraalkylthiuram disulfides represented by the formula [6], the disulfides represented by the formula [7], the thiadiazole compounds represented by the formula [8] and the olefin sulfides, the sulfurized fish oil and the sulfurized whale oil can be used either singly or in combination.
- One or more of these sulfur compounds are added in such amount(s) that the amount of sulfur derived from the sulfur compound(s) ranges from 300 to 1,200 ppm (weight basis) of the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.
- the sulfur compound(s) are added in such an amount that the amount of sulfur derived from the sulfur compound(s) is smaller than 300 ppm (weight basis) or greater than 1,200 ppm (weight basis), there is the potential problem that the effect of retaining friction-reducing properties over an extended period of time may not be exhibited sufficiently.
- the oxymolybdenum sulfide dithiocarbamate represented by the following formula [3] or the oxymolybdenum sulfide dithiophosphate represented by the following formula [4] is incorporated:
- R 9 , R 10 , R 11 and R 12 individually represent hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and Xs represent oxygen or sulfur atoms.
- the hydrocarbon groups represented by R 9 , R 10 , R 11 and R 12 may all be the same or different.
- all Xs can be sulfur atoms or oxygen atoms, or some X(s) can be sulfur atom(s) and the remaining X(s) can be oxygen atom(s).
- Examples of the hydrocarbon groups represented by R 9 , R 10 , R 11 and R 12 include alkyl groups having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, alkenyl groups having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl groups having 5 to 30 carbon atoms, aryl groups having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and alkylaryl and arylalkyl groups having 7 to 30 carbon atoms.
- hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 30 carbon atoms include methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, octenyl, nonenyl, decenyl, undecenyl, dodecenyl, tridecenyl, cyclohexyl, dimethylcyclohexyl, ethylcyclohexyl, butylcyclohexyl, heptylcyclohexyl, phenyl, benzyl, dimethylphenyl, methylbenzyl, phenethyl, naphthyl, and dimethylnaphthyl.
- R 9 , R 10 , R 11 and R 12 in the formula [3] are alkyl groups having 8 to 13 carbon atoms
- R 13 , R 14 , R 15 and R 16 individually represent hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and Xs represent oxygen or sulfur atoms.
- the hydrocarbon groups represented by R 13 , R 14 , R 15 and R 16 may all be the same or different.
- all Xs can be sulfur atoms or oxygen atoms, or some X(s) can be sulfur atom(s) and the remaining X(s) can be oxygen atom(s).
- Examples of the hydrocarbon groups represented by R 9 , R 10 , R 11 and R 12 include alkyl groups having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, alkenyl groups having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl groups having 5 to 30 carbon atoms, aryl groups having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and alkylaryl and arylalkyl groups having 7 to 30 carbon atoms.
- hydrocarbon groups having having 1 to 30 carbon atoms include methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, octenyl, nonenyl, decenyl, undecenyl, dodecenyl, tridecenyl, cyclohexyl, dimethylcyclohexyl, ethylcyclohexyl, methylcyclo-hexylmethyl, cyclohexylethyl, propylcyclohexyl, butylcyclohexyl, heptylcyclohexyl, phenyl, benzyl, dimethylphenyl, methylbenzyl, phenethyl, naphthyl, and dimethylnaphthyl.
- such oxymolybdenum sulfide dithiocarbamates or oxymolybdenum sulfide dithiophosphates can be used either singly or in combination. Further, the oxymolybdenum sulfide dithiocarbamate or oxymolybdenum sulfide dithiophosphate is added in an amount such that the amount of molybdenum derived from the oxmolybdenum sulfide dithiocarbamate or oxymolybdenum sulfide dithiophosphate ranges from 200 to 2,000 ppm (weight basis), preferably from 300 to 800 ppm (weight basis).
- the amount of the oxymolybdenum sulfide dithiocarbamate or oxymolybdenum sulfide dithiophosphate is so small that the amount of molybdenum derived from the oxymolybdenum sulfide dithiocarbamate or oxymolybdenum sulfide dithiophosphate is lower than 200 ppm (weight basis) of the total weight of the lubricating oil composition, there is the potential problem that the improving effect of friction-reducing properties may not be fully exhibited.
- additives which have heretofore been commonly employed in lubricating oils, to extents not impairing the object of the present invention.
- additives include other antiwear agents, metallic detergents, other friction modifiers, nonash dispersants, antioxidants, viscosity index improvers, pour-point depressants, anti-foaming agents, rust preventives, and corrosion inhibitors.
- Examples of the other friction modifiers include partial esters of polyhydric alcohols, amines, amides, and sulfate esters.
- metallic detergents examples include calcium salicylate, magnesium salicylate, calcium sulfonate, magnesium sulfonate, barium sulfonate, calcium phosphonate, and barium phenate. These metallic detergents can be added generally in a proportion of from 0.1 to 5.0 wt%.
- antiwear agents examples include metal thiophosphates, sulfur compounds, phosphate esters, and phosphite esters. These antiwear agents can be added generally in a proportion of from 0.05 to 5.0 wt%.
- nonash dispersants examples include those of the succinimide, succinamide, benzylamine and ester types. These nonash dispersants can be added generally in a proportion of from 0.5 to 7.0 wt%.
- antioxidants examples include phenolic antioxidants such as 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol and 4,4'-methylenebis (2,6-di-t-butylphenol). These antioxidants can be added generally in a proportion of from 0.05 to 4.0 wt%.
- viscosity index improvers examples include those of the polymethacrylate, polyisobutylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer and hydrogenated styrene-butadiene copolymer types. These viscosity index improvers can be added generally in a proportion of from 0.5 to 35 wt%.
- pour-point depressants examples include poly (alkyl methacrylate), chlorinated paraffin-naphthalene condensates, and alkylated polystyrenes.
- anti-foaming agents examples include dimethyl polysiloxane and polyacrylic acid.
- rust preventives examples include fatty acids, partial esters of alkenylsuccinic acids, fatty acid soaps, alkylsufonate salts, polyhydric alcohol esters of fatty acids, fatty acid amines, paraffin oxides, and alkyl polyoxyethylene ethers.
- corrosion inhibitors examples include benzotriazole and benzoimidazole.
- each average cam wear was measured in accordance with ASTM RR:D-2:1266.
- the coefficient of friction of each lubricating oil composition was measured using a reciprocating sliding friction tester ("SRV Friction Tester") under the following conditions: frequency: 50 Hz, amplitude: 3 mm, load: 25 N, temperature: 80°C, and testing time: 25 minutes.
- Each oxidation test by NOx-containing air was conducted on 150 ml of the corresponding test oil under the following conditions: temperature: 130°C, nitrogen oxides (NOx) concentration: 1 vol%, flow rate: 2 l/hour, and testing time: 8 hours.
- a lubricating oil composition was prepared by adding, to a paraffinic mineral oil having a viscosity of 4.0 mm 2 /s at 100°C, calcium sulfonate as a metallic detergent in a proportion of 2.0 wt%, succinimide as a nonash dispersant in a proportion of 5.0 wt%, hindered phenol as an antioxidant in a proportion of 1.0 wt%, poly (alkyl methacrylate) as a viscosity index improver in a proportion of 5.0 wt%, zinc di-2-ethylhexyl dithiophosphate and zinc di-1-methylbutyl dithiophosphate in proportions to give a weight ratio in phosphorus content of 80:20 and a phosphorus content of 0.10 wt%, dibenzyl disulfide in a proportion to give a sulfur content of 500 ppm (weight basis), and oxymolybdenum-N, N-dioctyl sul
- a lubricating oil composition was prepared with the same formula as that of Example 1 except that zinc di-2-ethylhexyl dithiophosphate and zinc di-1-methylbutyl dithiophosphate were added to give a weight ratio in phosphorus content of 75:25 and a phosphorus content of 0.10 wt%.
- An average cam wear when this lubricating oil composition was used was 5.5 mil. Further, the coefficient of friction of the lubricating oil composition was 0.11 immediately after its preparation and was still 0.11 after the oxidation test.
- a lubricating oil composition was prepared with the same formula as that of Example 1 except that zinc di-2-ethylhexyl dithiophosphate and zinc di-1-methylbutyl dithiophosphate were added to give a weight ratio in phosphorus content of 70:30 and a phosphorous content of 0.10 wt%.
- An average cam wear when this lubricating oil composition was used was 4.6 mil. Further, the coefficient of friction of the lubricating oil composition was 0.11 immediately after its preparation and was still 0.11 after the oxidation test.
- a lubricating oil composition was prepared with the same formula as that of Example 1 except that zinc di-2-ethylhexyl dithiophosphate and zinc di-1-methylbutyl dithiophosphate were added to give a weight ratio in phosphorus content of 50:50 and a phosphorus content of 0.10 wt%.
- An average cam wear when this lubricating oil composition was used was 3.6 mil.
- the coefficient of friction of the lubricating oil composition was 0.11 immediately after its preparation but was 0.12 after the oxidation test.
- a lubricating oil composition was prepared with the same formula as that of Example 1 except that zinc di-2-ethylhexyl dithiophosphate and zinc di-1-methylbutyl dithiophosphate were added to give a weight ratio in phosphorus content of 30:70 and a phosphorus content of 0.10 wt%.
- An average cam wear when this lubricating oil composition was used was 2.5 mil. Further, the coefficient of friction of the lubricating oil composition was 0.11 immediately after its preparation but was 0.13 after the oxidation test.
- a lubricating oil composition was prepared with the same formula as that of Example 1 except that zinc di-2-ethylhexyl dithiophosphate and zinc di-1-methylbutyl diothiophosphate were added to give a weight ratio in phosphorus content of 25:75 and a phosphorus content of 0.10 wt%.
- An average cam wear when this lubricating oil composition was used was 2.2 mil. Further, the coefficient of friction of the lubricating oil composition was 0.11 immediately after its preparation but was 0.13 after the oxidation test.
- a lubricating oil composition was prepared with the same formula as that of Example 1 except that zinc di-2-ethylhexyl dithiophosphate and zinc di-1-methylbutyl dithiophosphate were added to give a weight ratio in phosphorus content of 20:80 and a phosphorus content of 0.10 wt%.
- An average cam wear when this lubricating oil composition was used was 2.0 mil. Further, the coefficient of friction of the lubricating oil composition was 0.12 immediately after its preparation but was 0.14 after the oxidation test.
- a lubricating oil composition was prepared with the same formula as that of Example 4 except that a poly- ⁇ -olefin having a viscosity of 4.0 mm 2 /s at 100°C was used as a lubricating base oil.
- a lubricating oil composition was prepared with the same formula as that of Example 1 except that zinc di-2-ethylhexyl dithiophosphate and zinc di-1-methylbutyl dithiophosphate were added to give a weight ratio in phosphorus content of 50:50 and a phosphorus content of 0.08 wt%.
- An average cam wear when this lubricating oil composition was used was 4.5 mil.
- the coefficient of friction of the lubricating oil composition was 0.11 immediately after its preparation but was 0.13 after the oxidation test.
- a lubricating oil composition was prepared with the same formula as that of Example 1 except that zinc di-2-ethylhexyl dithiophosphate and zinc di-1-methylbutyl dithiophosphate were added to give a weight ratio in phosphorus content of 50:50 and a phosphorus content of 0.10 wt% and that dibenzyl disulfide was added to give a sulfur content of 300 ppm (weight basis).
- An average cam wear when this lubricating oil composition was used was 4.2 mil. Further, the coefficient of friction of the lubricating oil composition was 0.11 immediately after its preparation but was 0.13 after the oxidation test.
- a lubricating oil composition was prepared with the same formula as that of Example 1 except that zinc di-2-ethylhexyl dithiophosphate and zinc di-1-methylbutyl dithiophosphate were added to give a weight ratio in phosphorus content of 50:50 and a phosphorus content of 0.10 wt% and that dibenzyl disulfide was added to give a sulfur content of 1,200 ppm (weight basis).
- An average cam wear when this lubricating oil composition was used was 3.5 mil. Further, the coefficient of friction of the lubricating oil composition was 0.11 immediately after its preparation but was 0.14 after the oxidation test.
- a lubricating oil composition was prepared with the same formula as that of Example 1 except that zinc di-2-ethylhexyl dithiophosphate and zinc di-1-methylbutyl dithiophosphate were added to give a weight ratio in phosphorus content of 30:70 and a phosphorus content of 0.10 wt% and that in lieu of dibenzyl disulfide, 2,5-di(4,5-dithianoyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole was added to give a sulfur content of 500 ppm (weight basis).
- An average cam wear when this lubricating oil composition was used was 2.8 mil. Further, the coefficient of friction of the lubricating oil composition was 0.11 immediately after its preparation but was 0.13 after the oxidation test.
- a lubricating oil composition was prepared by adding, to a paraffinic mineral oil having a viscosity of 4.0 mm 2 /s at 100°C, calcium sulfonate as a metallic detergent in a proportion of 2.0 wt%, succinimide as a nonash dispersant in a proportion of 5.0 wt%, hindered phenol as an antioxidant in a proportion of 1.0 wt%, poly(alkyl methacrylate) as a viscosity index improver in a proportion of 5.0 wt%, zinc di-2-ethylhexyl dithiophosphate in a proportion to give a phosphorus content of 0.10 wt%, dibenzyl disulfide in a proportion to give a sulfur content of 500 ppm (weight basis), and oxymolybdenum-N, N-dioctyl sulfide dithiocarbamate to give a molybdenum content of 500 ppm (weight basis).
- a lubricating oil composition was prepared with the same formula as that of Comparative Example 1 except that instead of zinc di-2-ethylhexyl dithiophosphate, zinc di-2-ethylhexyl dithiophosphate and zinc di-1-methylbutyl dithiophosphate were added to give a weight ratio in phosphorus content of 90:10 and a phosphorus content of 0.10 wt%.
- An average cam wear when this lubricating oil composition was used was 10.5 mil. Further, the coefficient of friction of the lubricating oil composition was 0.11 immediately after its preparation and was still 0.11 after the oxidation test.
- Lubricating oil compositions of the formulas shown in Table 2 were prepared, and their average cam abrasion losses, their coefficients of friction immediately after the preparation and their coefficients of friction after their oxidation tests were measured.
- the lubricating oil composition of Comparative Example 1 which was added with the zinc di (primary alkyl) dithiophosphonate but was not added with any zinc di (secondary alkyl) dithiophosphate, was greater in average cam abrasion loss and hence inferior in antiwear properties compared with the lubricating oil composition of Example 1 although both the lubricating oil compositions contained the same amount of phosphorus derived from the zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate(s).
- the lubricating oil composition of Comparative Example 2 which contained the zinc di (primary alkyl) dithiophosphate in the larger proportion and the zinc di (secondary alkyl) dithiophosphate in the smaller proportion, was also poor in antiwear properties.
- the lubricating oil composition of Comparative Example 3 which contained the zinc di (primary alkyl) dithiophosphate in the smaller proportion and the zinc di (secondary alkyl) dithiophosphate in the larger proportion, was smaller in average cam abrasion loss and hence had good antiwear properties, but was larger in the coefficient of friction after the oxidation test and was hence inferior in oxidation resistance.
- the lubricating oil composition of Comparative Example 4 which was not added with any zinc di (primary alkyl) dithiophosphate but was added with the zinc di (secondary alkyl) dithiophosphate alone, was still better in antiwear properties, but had the high coefficient of friction even immediately after its preparation and was hence low in friction-reducing properties.
- the lubricating oil composition of Comparative Example 5 in which the zinc di (primary alkyl) dithiophosphate and the zinc di (secondary alkyl) dithiophosphate were used to give the weight ratio in phosphorus content of 50:50 but they were added in small amounts and the amount of phosphorus derived from the zinc di (alkyl) dithiophosphates was 0.06 ppm (weight basis), was inferior in antiwear properties and also poor in oxidation resistance.
- the lubricating oil composition of Comparative Example 8 in which no oxymolybdenum sulfide thiocarbamate was added at all, had a high coefficient of friction even immediately after its preparation and was hence inferior in friction-reducing properties.
- the lubricating oil composition according to the present invention has excellent antiwear properties and even at elevated temperatures and in the presence of nitrogen oxides, exhibits high oxidation resistance and retains good friction-reducing properties, so that it can be suitably used as a lubricating oil for internal combustion engines.
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Claims (5)
- Schmierölzusammensetzung, die einen größeren Anteil Schmierbasisöl und einen geringeren Anteil Additive umfasst, die(A) Zinkdi (primäres Alkyl) dithiophosphat mit der folgenden Formel [1] : , in der R1, R2, R3 und R4 jeder für sich primäre Alkylgruppen mit 1 bis 20 Kohlenstoffatomen wiedergeben, und Zinkdi (sekundäres Alkyl) dithiophosphat mit der folgenden Formel [2] : , in der R5, R6, R7 und R8 jeder für sich sekundäre Alkylgruppen mit 3 bis 7 Kohlenstoffatomen wiedergeben,(B) eine oder mehrere Schwefelverbindungen ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Zinkdialkyldithiocarbamaten, Kupferdialkyldithiocarbamaten oder Nickeldialkyldithiocarbamaten, in denen jede Alkylgrupppe 2 bis 18 Kohlenstoffatome aufweist, Tetraalkylthiuramdisulfiden, in denen jede Alkylgruppe 2 bis 18 Kohlenstoffatome aufweist, Tetraalkylthiuramdisulfiden, in denen jede Alkylgruppe 2 bis 18 Kohlenstoffatome aufweist, Disulfiden, die eine oder mehrere Arylgruppen mit 6 bis 18 Kohlenstoffatomen oder eine oder mehrere Alkylaryl- oder Arylalkylgruppen mit 7 bis 18 Kohlenstoffatomen enthalten, Thiadiazolverbindungen mit einer oder mehreren schwefelhaltigen Substituentengruppen und 3 bis 24 Kohlenstoffatomen, Olefinsulfiden, sulfuriertem Fischöl und sulfuriertem Walöl, und(C) eine oder mehreren Oxymolybdänsulfidverbindungen ausgewählt aus Oxymolybdänsulfiddithiocarbamat mit der folgenden Formel [3] : , in der R9, R10, R11 und R12 jeder für sich Alkylgruppen mit 1 bis 30 Kohlenstoffatomen, Cycloalkylgruppen mit 5 bis 30 Kohlenstoffatomen, Arylgruppen mit 6 bis 30 Kohlenstoffatomen oder Alkylaryl- oder Arylalkylgruppen mit 7 bis 30 Kohlenstoffatomen wiedergeben und X Sauerstoff- oder Schwefelatome wiedergibt, oder
Oxymolybdänsulfiddithiophosphat mit der folgenden Formel [4] : umfassen, in der R13, R14, R15 und R16 jeder für sich Alkylgruppen mit 1 bis 30 Kohlenstoffatomen, Cycloalkylgruppen mit 5 bis 30 Kohlenstoffatomen, Arylgruppen mit 6 bis 30 Kohlenstoffatomen oder Alkylaryl- oder Arylalkylgruppen mit 7 bis 30 Kohlenstoffatomen wiedergeben und X Sauerstoff- oder Schwefelatome wiedergibt, wobei(A) das Gewichtsverhältnis des Phosphorgehalts des Zinkdi(primäres Alkyl)dithiophosphats zu dem des Zinkdi (sekundäres Alkyl)dithiophosphats im Bereich von 20:80 bis 80:20 liegt und die Menge an Phosphor, die aus dem Zinkdi (primäres Alkyl) dithiophosphat und Zinkdi (sekundäres Alkyl) dithiophosphat stammt, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Schmierölzusammensetzung im Bereich von 0,07 bis 0,15 Gew.% liegt,(B) die Menge an Schwefel, die von den anderen Schwefelverbindungen als dem Zinkdi (primäres Alkyl)dithiophosphat, Zinkdi (sekundäres Alkyl) dithiophosphat und Oxymolybdänsulfiddithiophosphat stammt, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Schmierölzusammensetzung im Bereich von 300 bis 1200 ppm (Gewichtsbasis) liegt, und(C) die Menge an Molybdän, die von dem Oxymolybdänsulfiddithiocarbamat, Oxymolybdänsulfiddithiophosphat und Mischungen derselben stammt, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Schmierölzusammensetzung im Bereich von 200 bis 2000 ppm (Gewichtsbasis) liegt. - Schmierölzusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, bei der das Gewichtsverhältnis des Phosphorgehalts des Zinkdi (primäres Alkyl) dithiophosphats zu dem des Zinkdi (sekundäres Alkyl) dithiophosphats im Bereich von 25:75 bis 80:20 liegt.
- Schmierölzusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, bei der das Gewichtsverhältnis des Phosphorgehalts des Zinkdi (primäres Alkyl) dithiophosphats zu dem des Zinkdi (sekundäres Alkyl) dithiophosphats im Bereich von 30:70 bis 70:30 liegt.
- Schmierölzusammensetzung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der die Menge an Phosphor, die aus dem Zinkdi(primäres Alkyl)dithiophosphat und Zinkdi (sekundäres Alkyl)dithiophosphat stammt, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Schmierölzusammensetzung im Bereich von 0,08 bis 0,10 Gew.% liegt.
- Schmierölzusammensetzung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der die Menge an Molybdän, die von dem Oxymolybdänsulfiddithiocarbamat, Oxymolybdänsulfiddithiophosphat und Mischungen derselben stammt, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Schmierölzusammensetzung im Bereich von 300 bis 800 ppm (Gewichtsbasis) liegt.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP28933895 | 1995-10-11 | ||
JP289338/95 | 1995-10-11 | ||
JP28933895A JP3556355B2 (ja) | 1995-10-11 | 1995-10-11 | 潤滑油組成物 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0768366A1 EP0768366A1 (de) | 1997-04-16 |
EP0768366B1 true EP0768366B1 (de) | 2001-06-13 |
Family
ID=17741911
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96307382A Expired - Lifetime EP0768366B1 (de) | 1995-10-11 | 1996-10-10 | Schmierölzusammensetzung |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0768366B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP3556355B2 (de) |
AU (1) | AU6812696A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2185716A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE69613304T2 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2159692T3 (de) |
SG (1) | SG63672A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
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WO2010142724A1 (en) | 2009-06-10 | 2010-12-16 | Infineum International Limited | A lubricating oil composition |
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JP5414955B2 (ja) * | 1999-09-21 | 2014-02-12 | インフィニューム インターナショナル リミテッド | 潤滑油組成物 |
DE60020044T3 (de) * | 1999-09-21 | 2008-12-18 | Infineum International Ltd., Abingdon | Multigrad Schmiermittelzusammensetzungen für Motorgehäuse |
JP4643030B2 (ja) * | 2001-01-29 | 2011-03-02 | 日産自動車株式会社 | ディーゼルエンジン油組成物 |
JP5042106B2 (ja) * | 2002-04-08 | 2012-10-03 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 自動変速機用潤滑油組成物 |
US7884059B2 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2011-02-08 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Oil-soluble molybdenum derivatives derived from hydroxyethyl-substituted Mannich bases |
JP5175462B2 (ja) | 2006-09-04 | 2013-04-03 | 出光興産株式会社 | 内燃機関用潤滑油組成物 |
JP4955366B2 (ja) * | 2006-10-30 | 2012-06-20 | 株式会社Adeka | リンモリブデン化合物、その製造方法、該化合物を含有する潤滑油添加剤及び潤滑油組成物 |
US20080157023A1 (en) * | 2006-11-14 | 2008-07-03 | Samuels George J | Fluorocarbon stabilizers |
US8211840B2 (en) | 2008-12-09 | 2012-07-03 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Additives and lubricant formulations for improved antiwear properties |
US20110287989A1 (en) * | 2009-01-20 | 2011-11-24 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Hydraulic Composition with Improved Wear Properties |
US8084403B2 (en) | 2009-05-01 | 2011-12-27 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Lubricant formulations and methods |
WO2011007643A1 (ja) * | 2009-07-14 | 2011-01-20 | 株式会社ジャパンエナジー | 省燃費型エンジン油組成物 |
RU2442820C1 (ru) * | 2010-12-16 | 2012-02-20 | Федеральное автономное учреждение "25 Государственный научно-исследовательский институт химмотологии Министерства обороны Российской Федерации" | Полифункциональная присадка к моторным маслам |
JP5658066B2 (ja) | 2011-03-23 | 2015-01-21 | 昭和シェル石油株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
JP5801174B2 (ja) | 2011-12-07 | 2015-10-28 | 昭和シェル石油株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
JP2013216872A (ja) * | 2012-03-16 | 2013-10-24 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 潤滑油組成物、該潤滑油組成物を用いた摺動機構 |
US9574158B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2017-02-21 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Lubricating oil composition and additive therefor having improved wear properties |
CN103980981B (zh) * | 2014-06-06 | 2016-06-15 | 北京雅士科莱恩石油化工有限公司 | 一种含氮硫磷酸钼的减摩剂及其制备方法 |
WO2016181863A1 (ja) * | 2015-05-08 | 2016-11-17 | Jxエネルギー株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
AR119520A1 (es) * | 2019-07-29 | 2021-12-22 | Ecolab Usa Inc | Complejos de molibdeno solubles en aceite como inhibidores de incrustación a altas temperaturas |
EP4004148A1 (de) * | 2019-07-29 | 2022-06-01 | Ecolab USA, Inc. | Öllösliche molybdänkomplexe zur hemmung von hochtemperaturkorrosion und verwandte anwendungen in erdölraffinerien |
CA3186667A1 (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2022-02-03 | Oussama ZENASNI | Phophorous-free oil soluble molybdenum complexes for high temperature naphthenic acid corrosion inhibition |
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JPH05186787A (ja) * | 1992-01-09 | 1993-07-27 | Tonen Corp | 潤滑油組成物 |
AU3230695A (en) * | 1994-09-01 | 1996-03-22 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Lubricants with sustained fuel economy performance |
JP2971748B2 (ja) * | 1994-09-05 | 1999-11-08 | 株式会社ジャパンエナジー | エンジン油組成物 |
-
1995
- 1995-10-11 JP JP28933895A patent/JP3556355B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1996
- 1996-09-16 CA CA002185716A patent/CA2185716A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-10-09 AU AU68126/96A patent/AU6812696A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-10-10 DE DE69613304T patent/DE69613304T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-10-10 EP EP96307382A patent/EP0768366B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-10-10 ES ES96307382T patent/ES2159692T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-10-11 SG SG1996010859A patent/SG63672A1/en unknown
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010142724A1 (en) | 2009-06-10 | 2010-12-16 | Infineum International Limited | A lubricating oil composition |
US20120103299A1 (en) * | 2009-06-10 | 2012-05-03 | Elvidge Benjamin R | Lubricating oil composition |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69613304D1 (de) | 2001-07-19 |
ES2159692T3 (es) | 2001-10-16 |
JP3556355B2 (ja) | 2004-08-18 |
AU6812696A (en) | 1997-04-17 |
SG63672A1 (en) | 1999-03-30 |
CA2185716A1 (en) | 1997-04-12 |
JPH09104888A (ja) | 1997-04-22 |
DE69613304T2 (de) | 2001-10-31 |
EP0768366A1 (de) | 1997-04-16 |
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