EP0768135A1 - Tour - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0768135A1
EP0768135A1 EP96114681A EP96114681A EP0768135A1 EP 0768135 A1 EP0768135 A1 EP 0768135A1 EP 96114681 A EP96114681 A EP 96114681A EP 96114681 A EP96114681 A EP 96114681A EP 0768135 A1 EP0768135 A1 EP 0768135A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
upper slide
drive
slide
machine according
tool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP96114681A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Detlef Dr. Ing. Langer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alfred H Schuette & Co Kg GmbH
Original Assignee
Alfred H Schuette & Co Kg GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alfred H Schuette & Co Kg GmbH filed Critical Alfred H Schuette & Co Kg GmbH
Publication of EP0768135A1 publication Critical patent/EP0768135A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/56—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/60—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B9/00—Automatic or semi-automatic turning-machines with a plurality of working-spindles, e.g. automatic multiple-spindle machines with spindles arranged in a drum carrier able to be moved into predetermined positions; Equipment therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q39/00—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation
    • B23Q39/04—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being arranged to operate simultaneously at different stations, e.g. with an annular work-table moved in steps
    • B23Q39/042—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being arranged to operate simultaneously at different stations, e.g. with an annular work-table moved in steps with circular arrangement of the sub-assemblies
    • B23Q39/044—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being arranged to operate simultaneously at different stations, e.g. with an annular work-table moved in steps with circular arrangement of the sub-assemblies having at least one tool station cooperating with each work holder, e.g. multi-spindle lathes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
    • B23Q5/22—Feeding members carrying tools or work
    • B23Q5/26—Fluid-pressure drives
    • B23Q5/266—Fluid-pressure drives with means to control the feed rate by controlling the fluid flow

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a lathe, in particular a multi-spindle automatic lathe with a machine frame surrounding a work area, with at least one workpiece spindle and with at least one tool feed device, which has a lower slide that can be moved along a first guide axis and an upper slide that can be moved on the lower slide by a top slide drive along a second guide axis. who carries a tool.
  • the upper slide arranged on the lower slide is moved by an electrical or hydraulic drive which is fastened on the cross slide and the upper slide moves perpendicular to the radial movement of the lower slide, ie parallel to the workpiece axis.
  • an additional slide can also be attached to the longitudinal slide, with which the tool can be moved not only axially but also radially to the workpiece, for example in order to produce an axial recess with undercuts in the workpiece.
  • each additional slide must be provided with lines for work and control means that severely constrict the work area, especially when multiple cross slides and longitudinal slides are to be provided with additional slides in multi-spindle automatic lathes.
  • the connections of these lines which move constantly with the additional slides, are subjected to high stresses and become slightly leaky over time, which can lead to malfunctions in the workflow or short circuits if working or coolant comes into contact with electrical lines.
  • the chip fall in the work space cramped by cables is impaired.
  • the object of the invention is to design a lathe, in particular a multi-spindle automatic lathe with individual drives for the tool feed, so that the working space is only slightly restricted by the additional slides for longitudinal slides and cross slides, but nevertheless a precise movement of the tools also transversely to the main movement of the longitudinal acting as lower slides - and cross slide is reached.
  • the upper slide drive of the tool feed device is arranged in the machine frame and is computer-controlled and is connected to the upper slide by at least one transmission element arranged in the working area.
  • an “additional slide” is referred to as the "upper slide”, which can be moved on a longitudinal or transverse slide referred to as “lower slide”, the “upper slide” depending on the position of its longitudinal or transverse slide in the working space, of course, also under the “lower slide” or on the side next to it it can be arranged.
  • the design according to the invention has the advantage that the work space in the machine is not restricted by additional slide drives and their energy and control lines, since only the transmission elements are arranged there which connect the upper slide to their upper slide drives, while the slide drives are arranged outside the work space .
  • the transmission elements distort the size and timing of the feed movement to be transmitted from the drive to the tool during their spatial movement in the work area, the use of a computer control enables the control commands for the drive to be designed in such a way that the tool executes the desired axial and radial movements.
  • the upper slide drives can be placed on the side, above or below the work area in the machine frame.
  • all upper slide drives are arranged in the drive box of the machine, whose end wall is traversed with drive or gear elements of the upper slide drives. With these gear elements, the top slide drives are then connected to the transmission elements in the work area, which connect the top slides to their drives.
  • the top slides of the cross slides are also driven from the drive box of the machine and moved by transmission elements which carry out a three-dimensional movement but move essentially in the longitudinal direction of the spindle drum axis.
  • the second guide axis of the upper slide can be arranged transversely to the first guide axis of the lower slide. If the lower slide is a cross slide, the second guide axis is preferably perpendicular to the first guide axis.
  • the first guide axis of the lower slide and a second guide axis of the upper slide can lie in a plane common to these two axes, the second guide axis forming an angle with the first guide axis that is different from 90 °.
  • the upper slide slides on an inclined guide plane of the lower slide and moves transversely to its first guide axis when the lower slide is moved in the longitudinal direction, but the upper slide is held firmly.
  • the upper slide can also be moved in the longitudinal direction at the same time as the lower slide, the tool attached to the upper slide only moving axially, but maintaining its radial distance from the first guide axis.
  • longitudinal and transverse movements of the tool are also possible at the same time, depending on the ratio in which the longitudinal slide serving as the lower slide and its upper slide arranged obliquely on it are moved in the longitudinal direction.
  • the upper slide is arranged such that it can be rotated at an angle on the lower slide and, together with it, can be moved in a straight line along the first guide axis and rotated about an axis of rotation by the upper slide drive.
  • the upper slide rotatable eccentric disc is connected to which a second upper slide drive engages with a lever.
  • the upper slide can be connected to the first upper slide drive by a joint which forms the axis of rotation of the upper slide, about which the upper slide can pivot.
  • the lever attached to the eccentric disk can then be expediently connected to the second upper slide drive via a coupling rod with two joints.
  • both upper slide drives move in or out at the same speed, the tool attached to the upper slide only moves axially and creates a cylindrical contour on the rotating workpiece. If, however, the two upper slide drives perform different longitudinal movements, the eccentric disc is rotated in its recess in the upper slide and pivots it at a slight angle around its swivel joint. The tool on the upper slide then executes a movement directed radially to the workpiece spindle axis and thereby cuts into an inner or outer circumferential surface of the workpiece, wherein simultaneously or successively an axial movement of the tool is also possible, which is then generated by the first upper slide drive.
  • Both of the devices described above are particularly suitable for the internal machining of a workpiece clamped in a workpiece spindle, the upper slide being held securely on the lower slide in any position of the tool.
  • the respective transmission element arranged in the work space can be part of a spindle-nut drive which gives the top slide a longitudinal or transverse movement.
  • the transmission element has a coupling rod which is connected at its ends to the upper slide on the one hand and to the upper slide drive on the other hand with joints.
  • Such a coupling rod connection is particularly simple and robust and also ensures a very exact movement of the upper slide over a long period of time, in particular when the coupling rod with preloaded roller bearing joints on the upper slide and on the upper slide drive connected.
  • “Working level” is understood to mean the level in which the tool cutting edge moves in the case of two-axis drives.
  • the upper slide drive is expediently a computer-controlled linear drive, for example a piston-cylinder unit, which is arranged in a position in a drive box in a position parallel to the workpiece spindle axis.
  • the motor and gear elements acting on the transmission element are then expediently located outside the working area in the drive box.
  • the lower carriage of the tool feed device also has a linear drive, all drives for lower carriages and upper carriages can be accommodated in a space-saving manner in the drive box, whereby in the case of multi-spindle automatic lathes, the drives for the upper carriages as well as the drives for the lower carriages of the longitudinal carriages are arranged in a circle around the spindle drum axis and on the end wall can be attached to the work area.
  • longitudinal slides and the upper slides assigned to them have linear drives, these are expediently arranged at a radial distance from one another and parallel to the spindle drum axis.
  • the drive or gear elements of the upper slide drives connected to the transmission elements can then be guided in the end wall of the drive box.
  • 10 denotes the working space of a multi-spindle automatic lathe according to the invention, which is delimited on one end by the end wall 11 of the headstock and on the other end by the end wall 12 of the drive box.
  • the headstock 13 and the drive box 14 are parts of a machine frame with a machine bed and headboard of a known type, which is not shown here.
  • the work space 10 is traversed in its longitudinal direction by a spindle drum axis 15, on which a rotatable spindle drum 16 is mounted in the headstock 13, which carries the workpiece spindles 17 arranged in a circle, in which the workpiece rods or tubes 18 are clamped, which are used in the machining of the Workpieces 19 projecting from the workpiece spindles 17 are driven in rotation, as is known per se.
  • brackets 20 Radially outside the spindle drum 16 are 13 brackets 20 for the first tool feed devices on the end wall 11 of the headstock 21 arranged.
  • These first tool feed devices consist of a cross slide 22, which serves as a lower slide for an upper slide 23 and has an integrated lower slide drive 24, which is only indicated by dashed lines in the drawings.
  • This lower slide drive 24 is a computer-controlled electric motor with a spindle gear or a computer-controlled hydraulic motor with which the cross slide 22 serving as a slide can be advanced radially against a workpiece 19 to be machined along a first guide axis 25 in a slide guide 26 arranged on the bracket 20.
  • the upper slide 23 is in turn slidable in a slide guide 27 along a second guide axis 28 perpendicular to the first guide axis 25 on the lower slide 22, and it can be seen from FIG. 1 that this second guide axis 28 runs parallel to the spindle drum axis 15.
  • the upper slide 23 of the first tool feed device 21 carries at its end facing the spindle drum 16 a tool 29 in the form of a stylus, which is also referred to below as a "cross tool", although it is not only radial, i.e. transversely, but also axially, i.e. can work along the workpiece 19.
  • this upper slide drive 31 On the side of the working space 10 axially opposite the cross slide 22, an upper slide drive 31 is accommodated in the drive box 14.
  • this upper slide drive 31 consists of a computer-controlled hydraulic piston-cylinder unit, the hydraulic cylinder 32 of which is fastened on the inside 12a of the end wall 12 of the drive box 14.
  • the piston rod 34 connected to the piston 33 penetrates as a gear element the end wall 12 of the drive box 14 in which it is guided.
  • the piston rod 34 At its free end 34a projecting into the working space 10, the piston rod 34 carries a prestressed roller bearing joint 35, with which a transmission element 30, namely a coupling rod, is attached to the Piston rod 34 is connected.
  • the other end of the coupling rod 30 is connected in an articulated manner to the upper slide 23 of the first tool feed device 21 with the same roller bearing joint 35, namely a needle bearing.
  • the arrangement is such that the connection points of the transmission element 30 on the upper slide 22 and on the upper slide drive 31, namely the roller bearing joints 35, are located in the working plane 36 of the tool 29 or in a plane parallel to this working plane in which the transmission element 30 when the first tool feed device 21 moves.
  • the working plane 36 and a plane 36a parallel thereto are indicated in FIG. 2.
  • the cross slide 22 is advanced along its first guide axis 25 in the direction of the arrow, whereby the transverse tool 29 cuts radially into the outer circumference of the workpiece 19 and initially creates a V-shaped circumferential groove 37.
  • This transverse advance of the cross slide 22 is generated by the hydraulic lower slide drive 24, which moves the cross slide 22 in its sliding guide 26 on the bracket 20.
  • the upper slide 23 is now axially advanced by its upper slide drive 31 along the second guide axis 28 in the direction of the arrow.
  • the transverse tool 29 then removes further material from the outer circumference of the workpiece, working in its axial direction until the circumferential groove shown in FIG. 3 is produced on the workpiece 19.
  • the coupling rod 30, which acts as a transmission element moves in its longitudinal direction both when the cross slide 22 serving as the lower slide moves and when the upper slide 23 moves, and at the same time performs a pivoting movement.
  • These longitudinal and swivel movements However, thanks to the corresponding assignment of the tool feed device 21 to the upper slide drive 31, only take place in one plane.
  • second tool feed devices 41 are provided, which belong to longitudinal slides 42, which can be moved axially to the workpiece spindle axis 39 in sliding guides 46 of a longitudinal slide block 40 along a first guide axis 45.
  • the longitudinal slide block 40 is supported by the spindle drum axis 15 passing through the working space 10.
  • Each longitudinal slide 42 has its own computer-controlled lower slide drive 44 and carries an upper slide 43 which is displaceable in a sliding guide 47 on the upper side 38 of the longitudinal slide.
  • the upper side 38 of the longitudinal slide 42 is inclined at an angle ⁇ with respect to the first guide axis 45, so that the upper slide 43 moves along a second guide axis 48, which includes an angle ⁇ with the first guide axis 45, which angle differs from 90 ° and is preferably an angle is an acute angle.
  • the inclined top side 38 of the longitudinal slide 42 serving as the lower slide, which is inclined towards the end face 19a of the workpiece 19, is arranged such that the plane spanned by the first guide axis 45 and the second guide axis 48 is perpendicular to the inclined upper side 38 of the longitudinal slide.
  • a tool 52 is fastened, which will also be referred to below as a “longitudinal tool” and with which end-face machining of the workpiece 19 and internal machining can be carried out.
  • the second tool feed device 41 with the longitudinal tool 52 attached to it is advanced along the first guide axis 45 in the direction of the arrow, the upper slide 43 and lower slide 42 not changing their mutual position with respect to one another.
  • the lower slide drive 44 and the upper slide drive 51 of the respective second feed device must simultaneously execute the same feed, in which case only the longitudinal slide 42 moves in its slide guide 46.
  • Such a pure axial feed of the longitudinal tool 52 is shown in the lower half of FIG. 1.
  • the longitudinal tool 52 If the longitudinal tool 52 is to produce a countersink in the opening 53 of a tubular workpiece 19, the longitudinal tool 52 must be moved transversely to its longitudinal direction, ie radially to the workpiece 19 in the tube opening 53.
  • This radial movement in the direction of arrow 55 is achieved in that the lower carriage or longitudinal carriage 42 is advanced in the axial direction in the direction of arrow 56 'by the lower carriage drive 44.
  • the upper slide 43 slides in its slide guide 47 on the inclined upper side 38 of the lower slide 42 upwards and moves radially outward relative to the spindle drum axis 15 in the working space 10, so that the longitudinal tool 52 also executes a corresponding transverse movement and from the inside into the cuts the inner peripheral wall of the pipe opening 53.
  • the longitudinal tool 52 is to expand the countersink 54 in the tubular workpiece 19, as is shown in the lower half of FIG. 3, it is necessary to withdraw the lower slide 42 and the upper slide 43 simultaneously.
  • the longitudinal tool 52 must not perform any transverse movement if the inner wall of the extension is to be cylindrical. If, on the other hand, inner openings are to be made in the workpiece with conical or differently shaped peripheral surfaces, lower slide drive 44 and upper slide drive 51 of the same second tool feed device can also be moved at different speeds. The cutting edge of the longitudinal tool 52 can then produce any desired contour of an inner opening.
  • the lower slide 60 which is axially movable on the longitudinal slide block 40 does not have its own drive, but only carries the upper slide 61 to which the tool 62 'is attached.
  • the upper slide 61 is connected at its rear end by a swivel joint 62 to the drive element 63 of a computer-controlled first upper slide drive 64 which, as in the exemplary embodiments described above, is a hydraulic reciprocating piston drive.
  • the upper slide 61 has in its front part a cylindrical recess 65 in which an eccentric disk 66 is rotatable, which carries an eccentric pin 67 at its upper end, with which it is rotatably mounted in the lower slide 60.
  • the eccentric disc On its underside, the eccentric disc is non-rotatably connected to a lever 68 which projects laterally beyond the upper slide 61 and at its free end 68a a transmission element 69 in the form of a Coupling rod is connected via a first joint 70.
  • the coupling rod 69 is in turn connected via a second joint 71 to the drive element 72 of a second upper slide drive 73, which is designed in the same way as the first upper slide drive 64.
  • both upper slide drives 64 and 73 extend their drive elements 63 and 72 in the same direction and at the same speed, the upper slide 61 moves together with the lower slide 60 in a straight line along a first guide axis 74 which is parallel to the spindle drum axis 15.
  • the tool 62 'then likewise carries out a pure axial movement and produces a cylindrical recess 75 in the rotating workpiece 19.
  • Upper slide 61 and lower slide 60 do not change their mutual position with respect to one another.
  • the upper slide drives 64 and 73 extend their drive elements 63 and 72 at different speeds, a relative movement occurs between the upper slide 61 and the coupling rod 69.
  • the coupling rod 69 then rotates the eccentric disk 66 in its cylindrical recess 65 via the lever 68, as a result of which the upper slide 61 pivots about the axis of rotation of the swivel joint 62 in the direction of the arrow 76.
  • the upper slide 61 also moves axially in the direction of the first guide axis 74. This axial movement can be compensated for by extending or retracting the drive element 63, so that the tool 62 executes only a radial movement in the workpiece 19.
  • the lower and upper carriages of the tool feed devices working as cross carriages and longitudinal carriages can be driven according to a predetermined program with a computer control so that both the transverse tools and the longitudinal tools have practically every contour Can move workpiece, so that a very precise production of complicated workpieces is possible in an automatic process. It can be seen that even the upper carriages of the longitudinal carriages hardly deform during a machining operation, since the upper carriages retain their guidance over their entire length while the tools are as far as possible. This also increases the guiding accuracy.
  • the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments shown and described, but several changes and additions are possible without leaving the scope of the invention.
  • the coupling rods instead of the coupling rods, other transmission elements, such as screw spindles, can also be used, with which the upper slides on their lower slides can be moved from a remote location on the machine frame.
  • the drives for the upper slide do not necessarily have to be accommodated in the drive box, they can also be located in the machine bed below the work area or in the head beam of the machine frame. It is only important that the additional drives for the top slides of the longitudinal and cross slides are not in the working area of the machine. The additional slides and their drives can also be retrofitted into existing machines.
  • the invention can be used not only in multi-spindle automatic lathes, but also in other lathes which work with a tool feed device which can be moved in two directions.
  • top slides of the cross slides as well as the top slides of the longitudinal slides on oblique guide surfaces of the bottom slides and to move the top slides on these inclined surfaces in the same direction as the bottom slides carrying them.
  • the drives for the lower slide and upper slide of the cross slide can then be accommodated outside the spindle drum in the headstock or elsewhere outside the work area in the machine frame.
EP96114681A 1995-09-21 1996-09-13 Tour Withdrawn EP0768135A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1995135015 DE19535015C2 (de) 1995-09-21 1995-09-21 Drehmaschine, insbesondere Mehrspindeldrehautomat
DE19535015 1995-09-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0768135A1 true EP0768135A1 (fr) 1997-04-16

Family

ID=7772732

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96114681A Withdrawn EP0768135A1 (fr) 1995-09-21 1996-09-13 Tour

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0768135A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE19535015C2 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2519749A1 (de) * 1974-06-24 1976-01-15 Werkzeugmasch Okt Veb Mehrspindeldrehautomat
DE3600231A1 (de) * 1986-01-07 1987-07-09 Heyligenstaedt & Co Numerisch gesteuerte drehmaschine
DE4317971A1 (de) * 1993-05-28 1994-12-01 Anton Wilhelm Berkemeier Revolverschlittensystem für numerisch gesteuerte Einspindel-Revolverdrehautomaten und Verfahren für den Antrieb eines Revolverschlittens

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2346763A1 (de) * 1973-09-17 1975-03-27 Eunipp Ag Mehrspindel-drehautomat

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2519749A1 (de) * 1974-06-24 1976-01-15 Werkzeugmasch Okt Veb Mehrspindeldrehautomat
DE3600231A1 (de) * 1986-01-07 1987-07-09 Heyligenstaedt & Co Numerisch gesteuerte drehmaschine
DE4317971A1 (de) * 1993-05-28 1994-12-01 Anton Wilhelm Berkemeier Revolverschlittensystem für numerisch gesteuerte Einspindel-Revolverdrehautomaten und Verfahren für den Antrieb eines Revolverschlittens

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Publication number Publication date
DE19535015A1 (de) 1997-03-27
DE19535015C2 (de) 2001-11-08

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