EP0766152B1 - Pièce d'horlogerie comportant une antenne - Google Patents
Pièce d'horlogerie comportant une antenne Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0766152B1 EP0766152B1 EP96114676A EP96114676A EP0766152B1 EP 0766152 B1 EP0766152 B1 EP 0766152B1 EP 96114676 A EP96114676 A EP 96114676A EP 96114676 A EP96114676 A EP 96114676A EP 0766152 B1 EP0766152 B1 EP 0766152B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- casing
- horlogical
- timepiece
- receiver
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04G—ELECTRONIC TIME-PIECES
- G04G21/00—Input or output devices integrated in time-pieces
- G04G21/04—Input or output devices integrated in time-pieces using radio waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04R—RADIO-CONTROLLED TIME-PIECES
- G04R60/00—Constructional details
- G04R60/06—Antennas attached to or integrated in clock or watch bodies
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/273—Adaptation for carrying or wearing by persons or animals
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a timepiece intended to be worn on the arm or wrist, said part comprising either a dipole antenna or an antenna with radiant slit capable of picking up and / or emitting a field electromagnetic carrying radio messages, a case comprising members for displaying the time and a micro transceiver that receives or transmits messages using the antenna.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a timepiece of the type defined above which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art.
- the object of the invention is also to provide a such a timepiece including the antenna as such as well as its electrical dimensions are optimized.
- the object of the invention is to provide a such a timepiece in which the construction of the antenna and its mounting in the housing are simple. This construction is also compact.
- the invention relates to a part timepiece intended to be worn on the wrist, the piece comprising either a dipole antenna or a radiant slot capable of picking up and / or emitting a field electromagnetic carrying radio messages, a first housing comprising members for displaying the time and a micro transceiver that receives or transmits messages using the antenna.
- the timepiece is characterized in that it further comprises a second box intended to receive the first box of so that the outer surface of the first housing and the inner surface of the second housing define a mounting groove, in that the antenna includes a dielectric substrate and at least one conductive element in printed circuit attached to the substrate and which defines a radiating element of said antenna and in that the antenna is located in the mounting groove so that it either wrapped around the first box.
- the antenna can be manufactured independently other elements of the timepiece. Else apart, the antenna can be easily housed in this timepiece when assembled so as to take advantage of the inherent dimensions of the room to optimize the electrical dimensions of the antenna.
- the part also includes a ground plane located in the mounting groove, between the antenna and the surface outside of the first case so that it surrounds this housing.
- the antenna can be electrically isolated from disruptive elements that is found inside the timepiece.
- Figure 1 schematically shows a forearm carrying a wristwatch 1 comprising a case 2 and a bracelet 3.
- the box 2 contains an antenna 4.
- Figure 2 is a plan view of the wristwatch 1 comprising the case 2, the bracelet 3 and the antenna 4.
- the wristwatch 1 further includes a case additional 5, which is arranged in the housing 2.
- a micro transceiver 6 is disposed in the housing 5 in addition to the time display units including in particular a movement 7, a dial 8, hands 9 and a battery 10.
- the micro transceiver 6 is connected to antenna 4 so that it receives or transmits messages using the latter and transforms then these messages in data perceptible by the wearer of wristwatch 1, for example, by transmitting sound signals.
- antenna 4 includes circuit conductive elements prints 11 and 12 fixed on a dielectric substrate 13.
- the substrate 13 is flexible preference. For example, it has been determined that commercially available Kapton® and Espanex® materials are suitable in this regard.
- the conductive element 11 defines a dipole. Of preferably, this dipole has a length of about ⁇ / 2, where ⁇ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic signal that the antenna is intended to receive or transmit.
- the element conductor 12 forms a compensation arm which is added to this dipole. The arm length is adjusted from so that the antenna impedance is adapted to a line of transmission which connects the antenna 1 to the micro transceiver 6 arranged in the room housing of the invention.
- connection between antenna 4 and this line of transmission is assigned to two excitation points 14 and 15, respectively at mid-length of the conductive element 11 and on the conductive element 12.
- the elements conductors 11 and 12 preferably consist of metallic deposits, for example, of copper, on the dielectric substrate 13.
- FIG 4 shows a variant of the antenna of the Figure 3.
- the antenna 16 includes conductive elements in printed circuit 17.1 and 17.2 fixed on a dielectric substrate 18.
- the conductive element 17.1 forms a dipole. Of preferably, this dipole has a length of approximately ⁇ / 2.
- the conductive element 17.2 forms a compensation arm which is added to this dipole.
- a frame of a capacitor 19 is connected with the end of the element conductor 17.2 so as to form with the latter a gamma matching connection between dipole 17.1 and the transmission line connecting antenna 1 to microreceptor 6.
- the connection between the antenna 16 and the transmission line is assigned to two points excitation, respectively at mid-length of the element conductor 17.1 and the other armature of the capacitor 19.
- FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the wristwatch 1.
- Timepiece 1 includes the antenna dipole 4 of Figure 3 and the two boxes 2 and 5, the clockwork movement 7, the microreceptor 6 and the power stack 10 of Figure 2.
- the part 1 also includes a circuit board printed 20 mounted in the housing 5, a mirror 21, a bottom 22 and a transmission line 23.
- the micro transceiver 6 is mounted on the printed circuit board 20. The micro transceiver 6 and the movement 7 are powered by portable power source 10.
- the case 2 is intended to receive the case 5 of so that the outer surface of the housing 5 and the inner surface of the housing 2 define a groove of mounting 25.
- the antenna 4 is located in the mounting groove 25 so that it wraps around the housing 5.
- the arrangement which has just been described makes it possible to manufacture the antenna independently of the other elements of the timepiece. This facilitates non-manufacturing only from the antenna but also from the room of watchmaking as such.
- this arrangement facilitates the housing of the antenna when assembled in the room of watchmaking so as to take advantage of the dimensions inherent in the latter and to be able to optimize the electrical dimensions of the antenna.
- the surface of the conductive elements 11 and 12 extend in the depth direction of the wristwatch 1, namely in the direction between its glass and its background.
- the optimization of the antenna 4 is linked to this area.
- the depth of a wristwatch is a dimension which can be relatively easily changed without significantly affecting its visual appearance nor the ease of use. So the layout of the antenna this way helps facilitate optimization of the antenna in a wristwatch.
- the antenna 4 is energized using the line of transmission 23 which connects the antenna 4 to the microreceptor 6.
- the transmission line 23 is preferably made up of a microstrip track.
- this line of transmission could also consist of a cable coaxial.
- the transmission line 23 goes to through an opening 26 formed in the side wall of the case 5.
- this arrangement makes it possible to minimize the length of the transmission line 23 and thus minimize losses due to it.
- Wristwatch 1 could also include a ground plane 24.
- the ground plane 24 is located in the mounting groove 25 between the antenna 4 and the surface exterior of the housing 5 so that it surrounds this latest.
- the ground plane 24 has the advantage of isolating electrically the antenna 4 of the disturbing elements which are inside the wristwatch 1, for example, metallic masses such as movement 7, the microreceptor 6 and the supply battery 10.
- the characteristics of the antenna 4 can be selected without considering disruptive effects from inside the wrist watch 1.
- One of the advantages of such an arrangement is that it allows using the same antenna with different movements watchmakers.
- FIG. 7 shows a third embodiment of the antenna of the timepiece of the invention.
- This antenna 30 consists of a conductive element in printed circuit 31 fixed on a dielectric substrate 32.
- the substrate 32 is, preferably made of a flexible material.
- the element conductor 31 is preferably produced by a deposit metallic on the dielectric substrate 32.
- a radiant slot 33 is formed in the element driver 31.
- this antenna is the dual of a conventional dipole antenna, such as the dipole formed by the conductive element 11.
- the radiating slot 33 forms the complement of a dipole.
- the slot has a length of about ⁇ / 2, where ⁇ is the length wave of the electromagnetic signal that the antenna is intended to capture.
- connection between the antenna 30 and the line of transmission 23 is assigned at two excitation points 34 and 35, mid-length and sides respectively opposite of the radiant slot 33. If necessary, the adaptation of the antenna 30 to the impedance of the line of transmission 23 can be done using a capacitor connected between one of the excitation points and one of transmission line conductors 23.
- the antenna 30 is also located in the mounting groove 25 so that it is wrapped around the housing 5.
- FIG 8 shows a fourth embodiment of the antenna of the timepiece of the invention.
- the antenna 40 consists of an element conductor 41 fixed on a dielectric substrate 42. This the latter is preferably made of a material flexible.
- the conductive element 41 is preferably produced by a metallic deposit on the substrate 32, and defined by, a radiant slot 43 is formed in the ground plane 41. While the slot 33 is rectilinear, the slot 43 of Figure 6 has the shape of a "V".
- connection between the antenna 40 and the transmission line 23 is assigned at two excitation points 44 and 45 at opposite sides of the point of the "V" of the radiating slot 43.
- the adaptation of the antenna 40 to the impedance of the transmission line 23 could also be done using a capacitor connected between one of the excitation points and a wire of the transmission line 23.
- Such a form of slot makes it possible to position the excitation points 44 and 45 in the direction of the depth of the wristwatch 1 so that they are opposite the microreceptor 6. Thus, the length of the line of light can be minimized. transmission which connects the antenna 40 to the microreceptor 6.
Description
Une telle forme de fente permet de positionner les points d'excitation 44 et 45 dans le sens de la profondeur de la montre-bracelet 1 pour qu'ils soient en face du microrécepteur 6. Ainsi, on peut minimiser la longueur de la ligne de transmission qui relie l'antenne 40 au microrécepteur 6.
Claims (6)
- Pièce d'horlogerie susceptible d'être portée au poignet, ladite pièce comportant soit une antenne dipôle (4), soit une antenne à fente rayonnante (30;40) apte à capter et/ou à émettre un champ électromagnétique porteur de messages radiodiffusés, et un premier boítier (5) comprenant :des moyens (7,8,10) pour l'affichage de l'heure, etun micro émetteur-récepteur (6) qui reçoit ou émet des messages captés par l'antenne (4;30;40), caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend en outre un deuxième boítier (2) destiné à recevoir ledit premier boítier (5) de manière que la surface extérieure dudit premier boítier et la surface intérieure dudit deuxième boítier définissent une rainure ou région de montage (25), en ce que ladite antenne (4;30;40) comprend un substrat diélectrique (13;33;43), et au moins un élément conducteur en circuit imprimé (11,12;31;41) fixé sur ledit substrat (13;33;43) et définissant un élément rayonnant de ladite antenne (4;30;40), et en ce que ladite antenne (4;30;40) est disposée dans ladite rainure ou région de montage (25) de manière qu'elle soit enroulée ou disposée autour dudit premier boítier (5).
- Pièce d'horlogerie selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend en outre un plan de masse (24) situé dans ladite rainure ou région de montage entre ladite antenne et la surface extérieure dudit premier boítier de manière qu'il entoure ce dernier.
- Pièce d'horlogerie selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que ledit substrat diélectrique (13;33;43) est constitué d'une matière flexible.
- Pièce d'horlogerie selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la surface desdites éléments conducteurs s'étend dans le sens de la profondeur de ladite pièce.
- Pièce d'horlogerie selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend en outre
une ligne de transmission (23) qui relie ladite antenne (4;30;40) audit micro émetteur-récepteur (6), en ce que ledit premier boítier (5) comporte une ouverture dans sa paroi latérale, ladite ligne de transmission (23) passant à travers ladite ouverture (26) pour permettre le rapprochement de ladite antenne (4;30;40) dudit micro émetteur-récepteur (6). - Pièce d'horlogerie selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que ladite antenne (16) est constituée de deux éléments conducteurs (17.1, 17.2) et un condensateur (19) relié à un premier desdits éléments conducteurs de manière à former une connexion à adaptation gamma entre le deuxième desdits éléments conducteurs et ladite ligne de transmission (23).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9511270A FR2739200B1 (fr) | 1995-09-26 | 1995-09-26 | Piece d'horlogerie comportant une antenne |
FR9511270 | 1995-09-26 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0766152A1 EP0766152A1 (fr) | 1997-04-02 |
EP0766152B1 true EP0766152B1 (fr) | 1999-06-23 |
Family
ID=9482920
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96114676A Expired - Lifetime EP0766152B1 (fr) | 1995-09-26 | 1996-09-13 | Pièce d'horlogerie comportant une antenne |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5699319A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0766152B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH09127267A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1091892C (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69602999T2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2739200B1 (fr) |
HK (1) | HK1012735A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (61)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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FR2748360B1 (fr) * | 1996-05-03 | 1998-06-26 | Ebauchesfabrik Eta Ag | Dispositif de reception et/ou d'emission de messages radio-diffuses portatif comportant une antenne inductive et capacitive |
JP3521613B2 (ja) * | 1996-05-14 | 2004-04-19 | カシオ計算機株式会社 | アンテナを備えた電子機器 |
CH690525A5 (fr) * | 1996-11-22 | 2000-09-29 | Ebauchesfabrik Eta Ag | Pièce d'horlogerie comportant une antenne de réception et/ou de transmission d'un signal radio-diffusé. |
EP0869576A1 (fr) * | 1997-04-04 | 1998-10-07 | EM Microelectronic-Marin SA | Dispositif portatif, notamment montre, comprenant une antenne associée à un module électronique amovible et un tel module électronique |
FI104662B (fi) * | 1997-04-11 | 2000-04-14 | Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd | Antennijärjestely pienikokoisiin radioviestintä-laitteisiin |
DE69816269T2 (de) * | 1998-04-28 | 2004-05-27 | Asulab S.A. | Schlitzantenne, insbesondere für eine Uhr |
US6356512B1 (en) * | 1998-07-20 | 2002-03-12 | Asulab S.A. | Subassembly combining an antenna and position sensors on a same support, notably for a horological piece |
JP2000299199A (ja) * | 1999-04-13 | 2000-10-24 | Plasma System Corp | プラズマ発生装置およびプラズマ処理装置 |
GB9917678D0 (en) * | 1999-07-29 | 1999-09-29 | Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv | Body-worn personal communications apparatus |
DE69906973T2 (de) * | 1999-10-11 | 2004-02-26 | Asulab S.A. | Antennenstruktur die ein Gehäuse bildet für elektronische Komponente eines tragbaren Gerätes |
US6642895B2 (en) | 2000-03-15 | 2003-11-04 | Asulab S.A. | Multifrequency antenna for instrument with small volume |
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EP1274150A1 (fr) * | 2001-07-05 | 2003-01-08 | Eta SA Fabriques d'Ebauches | Montre-bracelet avec antenne |
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EP1378805B1 (fr) * | 2002-07-02 | 2007-01-17 | CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA Recherche et Développement | Pièce d'horlogerie munie d'une antenne |
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EP1420477B1 (fr) * | 2002-11-13 | 2007-06-27 | Mitsubishi Materials Corporation | Montre avec étiquette IRF |
EP1513220B1 (fr) * | 2003-09-03 | 2018-10-31 | The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd | Antenne patch intégrée dans une montre bracelet |
US7271774B2 (en) * | 2005-10-21 | 2007-09-18 | Suunto Oy | Electronic wearable device |
FI124133B (fi) * | 2005-10-21 | 2014-03-31 | Suunto Oy | Elektroninen puettava laite |
US20070236404A1 (en) * | 2006-04-05 | 2007-10-11 | Snider Chris R | Integrated GPS antenna ground plane and telematics module |
US7215600B1 (en) * | 2006-09-12 | 2007-05-08 | Timex Group B.V. | Antenna arrangement for an electronic device and an electronic device including same |
JP4839257B2 (ja) * | 2007-04-11 | 2011-12-21 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Rfidタグ |
EP2201693A1 (fr) * | 2007-10-09 | 2010-06-30 | QUALCOMM Incorporated | Appareil comportant un boîtier incorporant un élément rayonnant d'une antenne |
EP2178158B1 (fr) * | 2008-10-17 | 2012-02-01 | ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse | Dispositif portable à poignée comportant une antenne |
JP5493527B2 (ja) * | 2009-07-14 | 2014-05-14 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 無線機能付き時計 |
KR101622606B1 (ko) * | 2009-07-15 | 2016-05-20 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 와치형 휴대 단말기 |
US9203489B2 (en) | 2010-05-05 | 2015-12-01 | Google Technology Holdings LLC | Method and precoder information feedback in multi-antenna wireless communication systems |
CN101938541A (zh) * | 2010-09-17 | 2011-01-05 | 鸿富锦精密工业(深圳)有限公司 | 具有无线通讯功能的腕戴式电子装置 |
JP5712814B2 (ja) * | 2010-11-12 | 2015-05-07 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | アンテナ内蔵式電子時計 |
CN102495543B (zh) * | 2011-11-25 | 2013-08-21 | 成都天奥电子股份有限公司 | 一种表盘与天线共形的手表 |
US8698680B2 (en) * | 2012-01-17 | 2014-04-15 | Garmin Switzerland Gmbh | Watch with improved ground plane |
ITTV20120130A1 (it) * | 2012-07-13 | 2014-01-14 | I M Spa | "cassa di dispositivo da polso di interconnessione e comunicazione multimediale che integra un'antenna" |
US9785124B2 (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2017-10-10 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Electronic timepiece with internal antenna |
US9813262B2 (en) | 2012-12-03 | 2017-11-07 | Google Technology Holdings LLC | Method and apparatus for selectively transmitting data using spatial diversity |
US9591508B2 (en) | 2012-12-20 | 2017-03-07 | Google Technology Holdings LLC | Methods and apparatus for transmitting data between different peer-to-peer communication groups |
US9979531B2 (en) | 2013-01-03 | 2018-05-22 | Google Technology Holdings LLC | Method and apparatus for tuning a communication device for multi band operation |
US9172148B2 (en) | 2013-02-08 | 2015-10-27 | Garmin Switzerland Gmbh | Watch with bezel antenna configuration |
US10229697B2 (en) | 2013-03-12 | 2019-03-12 | Google Technology Holdings LLC | Apparatus and method for beamforming to obtain voice and noise signals |
US9386542B2 (en) | 2013-09-19 | 2016-07-05 | Google Technology Holdings, LLC | Method and apparatus for estimating transmit power of a wireless device |
US9549290B2 (en) | 2013-12-19 | 2017-01-17 | Google Technology Holdings LLC | Method and apparatus for determining direction information for a wireless device |
US9491007B2 (en) | 2014-04-28 | 2016-11-08 | Google Technology Holdings LLC | Apparatus and method for antenna matching |
US9478847B2 (en) * | 2014-06-02 | 2016-10-25 | Google Technology Holdings LLC | Antenna system and method of assembly for a wearable electronic device |
US9786981B2 (en) | 2014-07-15 | 2017-10-10 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Antenna for electronic device |
US10164322B2 (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2018-12-25 | Apple Inc. | Signal transmission system for electronic devices |
TWI582553B (zh) * | 2014-09-30 | 2017-05-11 | 巨擘科技股份有限公司 | 實體指針式腕錶結構及將通訊功能附加於腕錶的方法 |
JP6707808B2 (ja) * | 2015-03-24 | 2020-06-10 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | アンテナ、電子機器及び腕時計 |
US10615489B2 (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2020-04-07 | Futurewei Technologies, Inc. | Wearable article apparatus and method with multiple antennas |
US9705549B1 (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2017-07-11 | Intel Corporation | Antenna for wearable electronic devices |
TWI629832B (zh) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-07-11 | 和碩聯合科技股份有限公司 | 穿戴型電子裝置 |
US20180083342A1 (en) * | 2016-09-19 | 2018-03-22 | Tyco Electronics Corporation | Wireless communication device having a slot antenna |
JP6819240B2 (ja) * | 2016-11-24 | 2021-01-27 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 電子時計 |
US10075206B1 (en) | 2017-03-13 | 2018-09-11 | Intel Corporation | Customizable wearable electronic devices and methods of assembling the same |
US10276925B2 (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2019-04-30 | Garmin Switzerland Gmbh | Watch with slot antenna configuration |
EP3679429A4 (fr) * | 2017-10-30 | 2021-06-02 | Garmin Switzerland GmbH | Montre à configuration d'antenne intégrée |
US20190302703A1 (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2019-10-03 | New York Standard Watch Company, LLC | Timepiece with Enhanced Antenna Arrangement |
US10944158B2 (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2021-03-09 | Garmin Switzerland Gmbh | Wrist-worn electronic device with a side wall loop antenna |
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US3228030A (en) * | 1965-06-11 | 1966-01-04 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Shielded antenna |
JPS52152759A (en) * | 1976-06-14 | 1977-12-19 | Seiko Instr & Electronics Ltd | Electronic watch |
CH672870B5 (fr) * | 1988-04-26 | 1990-07-13 | Ebauchesfabrik Eta Ag | |
US5450091A (en) * | 1988-08-05 | 1995-09-12 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Variable size antenna device having resonance frequency compensation |
US4922260A (en) * | 1989-01-18 | 1990-05-01 | At & E Corporation | Adjustable watchband with embedded antenna |
DE8901512U1 (fr) * | 1989-02-10 | 1990-06-13 | Junghans Uhren Gmbh, 7230 Schramberg, De | |
US5589840A (en) * | 1991-11-05 | 1996-12-31 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Wrist-type wireless instrument and antenna apparatus |
-
1995
- 1995-09-26 FR FR9511270A patent/FR2739200B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-08-23 US US08/702,212 patent/US5699319A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-09-13 EP EP96114676A patent/EP0766152B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-09-13 DE DE69602999T patent/DE69602999T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-09-25 CN CN96120171A patent/CN1091892C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-09-26 JP JP27399596A patent/JPH09127267A/ja active Pending
-
1998
- 1998-12-18 HK HK98114028A patent/HK1012735A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2739200B1 (fr) | 1997-10-31 |
FR2739200A1 (fr) | 1997-03-28 |
EP0766152A1 (fr) | 1997-04-02 |
CN1091892C (zh) | 2002-10-02 |
HK1012735A1 (en) | 1999-08-06 |
CN1154499A (zh) | 1997-07-16 |
JPH09127267A (ja) | 1997-05-16 |
DE69602999D1 (de) | 1999-07-29 |
US5699319A (en) | 1997-12-16 |
DE69602999T2 (de) | 2000-01-13 |
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