EP0756217B1 - Jährlicher Kalendermechanismus für Uhren - Google Patents

Jährlicher Kalendermechanismus für Uhren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0756217B1
EP0756217B1 EP96111363A EP96111363A EP0756217B1 EP 0756217 B1 EP0756217 B1 EP 0756217B1 EP 96111363 A EP96111363 A EP 96111363A EP 96111363 A EP96111363 A EP 96111363A EP 0756217 B1 EP0756217 B1 EP 0756217B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ring
date
annual
mechanism according
annual ring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96111363A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0756217A1 (de
Inventor
Frank Vaucher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Compagnie des Montres Longines Francillon SA
Original Assignee
Compagnie des Montres Longines Francillon SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0756217A1 publication Critical patent/EP0756217A1/de
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/24—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars
    • G04B19/243—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars characterised by the shape of the date indicator
    • G04B19/247—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars characterised by the shape of the date indicator disc-shaped
    • G04B19/253—Driving or releasing mechanisms
    • G04B19/25333—Driving or releasing mechanisms wherein the date indicators are driven or released mechanically by a clockwork movement
    • G04B19/25353—Driving or releasing mechanisms wherein the date indicators are driven or released mechanically by a clockwork movement driven or released stepwise by the clockwork movement
    • G04B19/2536—Driving or releasing mechanisms wherein the date indicators are driven or released mechanically by a clockwork movement driven or released stepwise by the clockwork movement automatically corrected at the end of months having less than 31 days

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a date mechanism annual for a timepiece, said mechanism comprising a date ring with thirty-one teeth inner to the ring, on which are affixed thirty and a number each corresponding to a date of the month which appear successively through a pierced window in a dial, and a date-driven mobile going around in twenty-four hours, said mobile being equipped with a first finger likely to cause a step and once a day the date ring by one of its internal teeth, said mobile controlling the display of the date.
  • a date mechanism responding in large lines to the definition that has just been given is known for example documents CH-A-538 136 and CH-A-661 171 (US-A-4,676,659).
  • these documents there is also a twenty-four hour driving date wheel fitted a finger or a long tooth which drives a disc of date with thirty-one indications.
  • the finger does not directly drive the disc but a mobile intermediary who, him, drives this disc.
  • Document DE-A-2 311 539 describes a mechanism for calendar using a month cam rotating by year.
  • This cam has more or less notches deep: the solid parts correspond to the months of thirty-one days; the shallow notches in the months of thirty days, and a very deep notch in the month of February in common years (twenty-eight days).
  • On this cam acts the beak of a lever returned by a spring. The beak penetration depth will determine which advance must be printed on the date indicator by a seesaw at the end of each month.
  • a perpetual calendar mechanism comprising relatively few parts is described in the patent DE 449 081.
  • Several superimposed coaxial discs bearing respectively the indications of the days, of the date of 1 to 15, from the date 15 to 31, months and years, have respective central openings having teeth, some of which have tooth heights variables. These teeth are attacked by two pawls carried by a driving mobile which swivels back and forth.
  • One of the pawls has a flexible bent end which, in leaning against a height-adjustable toothing which plays the role of cam, attacks or does not attack the second disc date in the last days of the month.
  • the disc months carries a sliding spring which drives the first date disc to turn it back on when change of month. Despite its apparent simplicity, this mechanism is thick, delicate and has not spread. Of the more it requires back-and-forth training, which requires an additional mechanism in a room of watchmaking.
  • this invention proposes to use only gears to the exclusion of all levers or rockers, these gears, on the one hand, being prevented from any rotation untimely even if shocks are applied to the part of watchmaking and, on the other hand, having a construction significantly simplified and reduced in height, all the more more than the date of the invention is limited in advance automatic date only for months of thirty days, the date reset must be done manually at the end of February. It is therefore a annual and not perpetual calendar.
  • the annual calendar mechanism has a driving date wheel fitted with a finger capable of driving a wheel date at the end of each day.
  • the present invention is remarkable in that, starting from the characteristics known defined in the first paragraph of this description, the mechanism further includes a crown annual superimposed on the date ring, making a round in one year and fitted with external teeth in positions corresponding to the twelve months of the year and five interior teeth in corresponding positions for months less than thirty-one days, the said crown being arranged eccentrically with respect to the ring and to proximity of the date trainer mobile so that it be activated, at the end of the months under thirty-one days, by a second finger presented by the mobile calendar coach, this second finger acting on one of the five inner teeth of the crown, engagement means integral with the date ring being implemented to engage, at the end of each month, said date ring with said annual crown with at least one of its teeth outside.
  • the result is a mechanism of which all the mobiles are only three in number, namely the mobile coach, date ring and crown annual. These mobiles can be arranged in two levels only, that of the date ring and that of the annual crown passing above or below this one. It is therefore possible to realize the mechanism of calendar in the form of a thin module, that can be superimposed on an ordinary watch movement.
  • the eccentric arrangement of the crown annual offer, if this crown has indications months, a great freedom of choice of the position of the counter where these indications appear, in particular at different distances from the center of the watch movement and the dial.
  • the crown can be arranged eccentrically with respect to this center and being big enough to pass around him, that is to say around the needle trees of an analog display classic.
  • FIG. 1 shows a watch equipped, apart from the hour hands 70, minutes 71 and 72 seconds, a date indicator under the form of a date 3 appearing through a window 4 pierced in a dial 5.
  • the time setting can be performed by means of the crown 61. If we get rid of now this watch from its dial and that we don't keep that the elements useful in carrying out the invention, we end up to the plan views of FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 which show the mechanism in question at three different times during the transition from April to May.
  • FIG. 2 Examination of figure 2 and the section of figure 5 in particular will explain the date mechanism annual according to the invention.
  • This mechanism has a ring date 1 with thirty-one teeth 2. On the ring 1 are affixed thirty-one corresponding digits 3 each on a date of the month. These numbers appear successively through the window 4 pierced in the dial 5 shown in Figure 1.
  • a moving coach of date, generally designated by reference 6, is equipped with a first finger 7 likely to cause a step and once a day the date ring 1 by one of its inner teeth 2. In the particular case shown in FIG. 2, the first finger 7 has just entered contact with tooth 2a and will therefore advance the ring 1 of a step from 30 to 31 as it is finally shown at Figure 3.
  • the mobile coach 6 comprises a coach wheel 21 which connects this mobile to the watch movement (not shown here) and make a tour in twenty-four hours.
  • Figure cut 5 shows that the first finger 7 of the mobile coach 6 is on the way to tooth 2a belonging to the date ring 1.
  • the finger 7 is a outgrowth of a disc 22 forced on a shaft 23, the wheel coach 21 being integral with the same shaft 23.
  • the shaft 23 can rotate freely in a bearing 25 set in the plate 17 of the timepiece.
  • the mechanism according to the invention comprises an annual crown 8 having an annular shape, as drawn on the Figures 2 to 6.
  • This crown is superimposed on the ring of date 1 and do a tour in one year.
  • Crown 8 has twenty-four teeth 9 uniformly distributed on its outer periphery, these teeth 9 corresponding by pairs every twelve months of the year, and five teeth 10 out of its inner circumference, these teeth 10 each corresponding in the months of less than thirty-one days.
  • Figures 2 to 4 show that the annual crown 8 is arranged eccentrically to the date ring 1.
  • Figures 2 to 4 finally show that means meshing 12, 13 integral with the date ring 1 are used to engage or mate, at the end of each month, said date ring 1 and said annual crown 8 by one of its twenty-four teeth exterior 9.
  • the aforementioned means of engagement could consist of a single pin planted on the periphery of the date ring 1, or a cut and folded part from the edge of this ring, this folded pin or part engaging in twelve slots arranged on the periphery of the annual crown, these slots being separated by solid parts acting as teeth.
  • the respective diameters of ring 1 and crown 8 are chosen so that with each change of month, the crown 8 be driven by twenty-fourths of a turn (30 °) by the date ring 1.
  • the diameter inside the crown 8 will be chosen so that the teeth interior 10 cooperate with the second finger 11 in also allowing the cooperation of the first finger 7 with the teeth 2 of the date ring 1.
  • FIGS 2 to 5 also show that the crown annual 8 pivots around a fixed guide disc 16 on plate 17 by means of two screws 28 and 29 (see Figures 2 to 4). These same figures also show that a first long necklace 18 rests between two successive teeth 2 of the date ring 1 and that a second jumper 19 rests between two successive outer teeth 9 of the annual crown 8. These necklaces allow angularly position the ring 1 and the crown 8 at the stop. Crown 8 is the reason why crown 8 has twenty-four external teeth 9, to define its twenty-four successive positions, while twelve teeth would be enough to cooperate with pegs 12 and 13.
  • Figure 2 also shows that it is possible to provide a quick corrector of 40 months which presents preferably two teeth attacking the outer teeth 9 of the annual crown 8, to make it move back two steps per turn of corrector 40.
  • the rotation thereof in a first direction activates the corrector 40, and in the other sense it activates the corrector 20.
  • Such mechanisms of correction are well known in principle and have no need to be described here.
  • the guide disc 16 can be replaced by a fixed guide ring 32 (including one fragment is shown in broken lines in the figure 2) which surrounds and guides the periphery of the crown annual 8, for example by partially covering the teeth 9.
  • a fixed guide ring 32 including one fragment is shown in broken lines in the figure 2 which surrounds and guides the periphery of the crown annual 8, for example by partially covering the teeth 9.
  • This variant makes it possible to replace the screws 28 and 29, located inside the watch movement, by screws or other fasteners on the periphery of this movement and the date mechanism. This facilitates the application of the mechanism according to the invention as a separate module that can be mounted without difficulty on different watch movements, having including different turntables.
  • the annular and eccentric annual crown 8 may be large enough to extend around the axis of rotation 33 (fig. 5) of the date ring 1, therefore also around the central trees 34, 35 and 36 bearing the seconds, minutes and hours hands in one classic timepiece, as shown by drawings. This results in multiple possibilities of combine different relative positions of windows 4 and 15 where the calendar and the month appear respectively.
  • the crown 8 can be wide enough to wear the names of the months in whole or in abbreviation.
  • Finger 11 can be on a radius smaller than that of finger 10.
  • Another possibility to indicate the month is to affix an index to the annual crown 8, for example colored, which is visible through a circular slit discontinuous or a circular row of openings in the dial above the crown, the names or month numbers are then inscribed on the dial.
  • This display device which can be off-center on the dial offers interesting decorative possibilities and aesthetic.
  • the first finger 7 of the mobile 6 has driven one step, by tooth 2a, the date ring 1 which then displays the date 31 (temporarily).
  • the crown 8 has been advanced one step by the pin 12 acting on tooth 9b, this crown displaying the second IV (temporarily).
  • the second finger 11 of the mobile 6 enters contact with tooth 10a of crown 8.
  • FIG. 4 sees the same mechanism when the hour hands 70 and 71 minutes indicate 4 hours 0 minutes on May 1st.
  • the crown 8 has been driven a step by the second finger 11 of mobile 6 and now displays the first indication V ( May).
  • This same crown of led that it is normally by ring 1, has become leading under the action of the finger 11 and then causes, by its tooth 9a, the date ring 1 by the pin 13.
  • the ring 1 displays, at the end of the race, the number 1. Once this phase completed, pins 12 and 13 are disengaged teeth 9a and 9b and the ring 1 can continue its rotation day after day. In order not to mislead the wearer of the watch, we could replace the second indication of the months of less than thirty-one days (i.e. II, IV, VI, IX and XI) with a colored dot or a empty space.
  • the transition from 31 to the 1st of the following month in the case of a month of thirty-one days is not illustrated on the figures. It will be understood that in this case none of the five teeth 10 of the annual crown 8 is only found on the path of the second finger 11 of the driving mobile 6.
  • the annual crown 8 displays the month of May, or the first digit V as illustrated in Figure 4.
  • a midnight, May 30, the date ring jumps to 31 (under the effect of the first finger 7) and advances by one step the crown 8 which then displays the second V (under the effect of the pin 12).
  • the ring of date jumps on June 1 under the effect of the finger 7 and further advances crown 8 which displays then the first VI (June) under the effect of the pin 12.
  • FIG. 6 is a partial repetition of FIG. 2. It shows the entire annual crown 8 and partially the date ring 1 as well as the mobile calendar coach 6. We can see that the teeth interior 10 of the crown 8 are arranged around the inner circumference of said crown successively at 60 °, 60 °, 90 °, 60 ° and 90 °. If these teeth 10, which represent the months of February, April, June, September and November are on the way to the second finger 11 mobile 6, the date will pass at the end of these months quickly from 30 to 31, then from 31 to 1st of the following month, as explained above.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Jährlicher Kalendermechanismus für Uhren, der einen Datumsring (1), der mit einunddreißig Zähnen (2) innerhalb des Rings versehen ist und an dem einunddreißig Ziffern (3) angebracht sind, die jeweils einem Tag des Monats entsprechen und nacheinander durch ein in einem Zifferblatt (5) ausgespartes Fenster (4) sichtbar sind, sowie einen Antrieb (6) zur Tagesdatumverstellung, das eine Umdrehung in vierundzwanzig Stunden ausführt, enthält, wobei die Bewegungseinheit mit einem ersten Zapfen (7) ausgerüstet ist, der den Datumsring (1) über einen seiner inneren Zähne (2) einmal pro Tag um eine Schrittweite antreiben kann, wobei der Antrieb die Anzeige des Datums steuert, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Mechanismus außerdem einen Jahresringkranz (8) enthält, der dem Datumskranz (1) teilweise überlagert ist, pro Jahr eine Umdrehung ausführt und an Positionen, die den zwölf Monaten des Jahres entsprechen, mit äußeren Zähnen (9) sowie an Positionen, die den Monaten mit weniger als einunddreißig Tagen entsprechen, mit fünf inneren Zähnen (10) versehen ist, wobei der Kranz (8) in bezug auf den Ring (1) exzentrisch und in der Nähe des Antriebs (6) zur Datumsverstellung angeordnet ist, damit sie am Ende der Monate mit weniger als einunddreißig Tagen durch einen zweiten Zapfen (11), den der Antrieb (6) zur Datumsverstellung aufweist, betätigt wird, wobei dieser zweite Zapfen (11) auf einen der fünf inneren Zähne (10) des Kranzes (8) einwirkt, wobei mit dem Datumsring (1) verbundene Eingriffmittel (12, 13) in Betrieb gesetzt werden, um am Ende jedes Monats den Datumsring (1) und den Jahreskranz (8) über wenigstens einen seiner äußeren Zähne (9) in Eingriff zu bringen.
  2. Mechanismus nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die mit dem Datumsring (1) fest verbundenen Eingriffmittel aus zwei Stiften oder Vorsprüngen (12 und 13) bestehen, die am Umfang des Rings (1) senkrecht angebracht sind, wobei die Umfangslänge (X), die von den beiden Stiften eingenommen wird, so bemessen ist, daß die Stifte am Ende jedes Monats in den leeren Raum (Y) eingreifen können, der zwei aufeinanderfolgende äußere Zähne (9a, 9b) des Jahreskranzes (8) trennt.
  3. Mechanismus nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß am Jahreskranz (8) Angaben (14) angebracht sind, die die Monate des Jahres bezeichnen, wobei diese Angaben nacheinander durch ein zweites Fenster (15), die im Zifferblatt (5) ausgebildet ist, sichtbar sind.
  4. Mechanismus nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die äußeren Zähne (9) des Jahreskranzes (8) in der Anzahl von vierundzwanzig vorliegen und mit einem Sperrkegel (19) zusammenwirken, der vierundzwanzig Winkelpositionen des Kranzes definiert.
  5. Mechanismus nach den Ansprüchen 3 und 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens jene Anzeigen (14), die die Monate mit einunddreißig Tagen kennzeichnen, am Jahreskranz (8) zweifach angebracht sind, um in dem Fenster (15) an zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Positionen des Kranzes zu erscheinen.
  6. Mechanismus nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Jahreskranz (8) um eine feste Führungsscheibe (16) angebracht ist.
  7. Mechanismus nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Jahreskranz (8) in einem festen Führungsring (32) angebracht ist.
  8. Mechanismus nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich der Jahreskranz (8) exzentrisch um eine Drehachse (33) des Datumsrings (1) erstreckt.
  9. Mechanismus nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er eine Schnellkorrektureinrichtung (20) für das Tagesdatum enthält, die mit den inneren Zähnen (2) des Datumsrings (1) in Eingriff ist und durch eine Stellkrone (61) betätigt wird.
  10. Mechanismus nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie eine Monats-Schnellkorrektureinrichtung (40) enthält, die mit den äußeren Zähnen (9) des Jahreskranzes (8) in Eingriff ist und durch die Stellkrone (61) betätigt wird.
  11. Mechanismus nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die fünf inneren Zähne (10) des Jahreskranzes (8) um den Innenraum des Kranzes in aufeinanderfolgenden Winkelintervallen von 60°, 60°, 90°, 60° und 90° angeordnet sind.
EP96111363A 1995-07-28 1996-07-15 Jährlicher Kalendermechanismus für Uhren Expired - Lifetime EP0756217B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2214/95 1995-07-28
CH02214/95A CH688706B5 (fr) 1995-07-28 1995-07-28 Mécanisme de quantième annuel pour pièce d'horlogerie.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0756217A1 EP0756217A1 (de) 1997-01-29
EP0756217B1 true EP0756217B1 (de) 1999-06-02

Family

ID=4228531

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96111363A Expired - Lifetime EP0756217B1 (de) 1995-07-28 1996-07-15 Jährlicher Kalendermechanismus für Uhren

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5699321A (de)
EP (1) EP0756217B1 (de)
JP (1) JP3902269B2 (de)
CN (1) CN1124525C (de)
CH (1) CH688706B5 (de)
DE (1) DE69602688T2 (de)
HK (1) HK1012730A1 (de)
SG (1) SG49970A1 (de)

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US6088302A (en) * 1997-04-25 2000-07-11 Seiko Instruments Inc. Electronic timepiece
US6582118B1 (en) * 1997-04-25 2003-06-24 Seiko Instruments Inc. Electronic timepiece having transmission wheel rotational position detecting apparatus
US6108278A (en) * 1998-09-11 2000-08-22 Frederic Piguet S.A. Annual calendar mechanism for clockwork movement
DE69820052D1 (de) * 1998-09-14 2004-01-08 Piguet Frederic Sa Jährlicher Kalendermechanismus für Uhrwerk
CH692538A5 (fr) * 1998-11-03 2002-07-15 Mct Holding Sa Mécanisme de quantième annuel.
SG96702A1 (en) * 2001-11-13 2003-06-16 Glashuetter Uhrenbetrieb Gmbh Device for winding and setting the time of a timepiece such as a date-watch including a date disc
DE02405094T1 (de) * 2002-02-11 2004-05-19 Rolex Sa Jährlicher Kalendermechanismus für Uhrwerk
EP1349020A1 (de) * 2002-03-28 2003-10-01 Manufacture Roger Dubuis S.A. Uhr mit Kalender
US20050007886A1 (en) * 2003-07-07 2005-01-13 Mazzetti Michael J. Analog timepiece with a plurality of digital display functions
CH697662B1 (fr) * 2004-04-14 2009-01-15 Chopard Manufacture Sa Mécanisme de quantième perpétuel ou annuel.
EP1596261B1 (de) * 2004-05-14 2007-08-01 Rolex S.A. Jährlicher Kalendermechanismus für Uhrwerk
JP4770151B2 (ja) * 2004-10-21 2011-09-14 セイコーエプソン株式会社 暦表示機能付時計
EP1666991B1 (de) * 2004-12-02 2011-06-01 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Jährlicher Kalendermechanismus für eine Uhr
ATE528699T1 (de) * 2005-11-11 2011-10-15 Omega Sa Jahreskalendermechanismus für uhrwerk
EP1795977A1 (de) * 2005-12-09 2007-06-13 Glashütter Uhrenbetrieb GmbH Antriebsmechanismus einer Kalenderanzeige für eine Uhr
EP1868047A1 (de) * 2006-06-12 2007-12-19 Vaucher Manufacture Fleurier SA Uhr mit einem Kalendarmechanismus
ATE418093T1 (de) * 2006-10-24 2009-01-15 Eta Sa Mft Horlogere Suisse Jahreskalendermechanismus für uhrwerk
EP2000864A1 (de) * 2007-06-04 2008-12-10 Omega SA Vorrichtung zur Korrektur eines Anzeigemechanismus für eine Uhr
JP5135514B2 (ja) * 2007-11-21 2013-02-06 セイコーインスツル株式会社 月車及び日車を有するカレンダ機構付き時計
EP2428855B1 (de) * 2010-09-08 2019-07-03 Rolex S.A. Uhrenteil, das eine Vorrichtung zur Anzeige von festgelegten Zeiträumen umfasst
EP2479622B1 (de) * 2011-01-24 2013-11-20 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Jahreskalendervorrichtung für Uhrwerk
EP2490084B1 (de) * 2011-02-17 2016-07-20 Glashütter Uhrenbetrieb GmbH Datumsmechanismus
CH705737B1 (fr) * 2011-11-11 2015-12-31 Gfpi S A Mécanisme d'entraînement d'un indicateur d'une information liée à un mouvement horloger.
JP6091942B2 (ja) * 2012-08-01 2017-03-08 セイコーインスツル株式会社 カレンダ機構並びに該機構を備えたムーブメント及びカレンダ時計
US9612577B2 (en) 2013-04-22 2017-04-04 Donald J. Lecher Device displaying a series of sequential timekeeping periods
US9459590B1 (en) 2013-04-22 2016-10-04 Donald J. Lecher Methods and devices using a series of sequential timekeeping periods
CH716983A1 (fr) * 2019-12-20 2021-06-30 Mft Dhorlogerie Audemars Piguet Sa Mécanisme horloger destiné à être entraîné suivant un nombre de pas variable.

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE449081C (de) * 1925-02-20 1927-09-08 Kurt Kluge Einstellbarer Kalender
FR1015546A (fr) * 1948-03-03 1952-10-14 Nl Uurwerkfabrieken Nufa N V Montre-, horloge-, ou pendulette-calendrier
CH494772A4 (de) * 1972-04-05 1975-09-15

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69602688T2 (de) 1999-12-30
HK1012730A1 (en) 1999-08-06
JP3902269B2 (ja) 2007-04-04
DE69602688D1 (de) 1999-07-08
CN1146021A (zh) 1997-03-26
CH688706B5 (fr) 1998-07-31
CN1124525C (zh) 2003-10-15
JPH09105783A (ja) 1997-04-22
US5699321A (en) 1997-12-16
SG49970A1 (en) 1998-06-15
CH688706GA3 (fr) 1998-01-30
EP0756217A1 (de) 1997-01-29

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