EP0755502A1 - Practice mine, programming device therefor, and simulation device using said mine - Google Patents

Practice mine, programming device therefor, and simulation device using said mine

Info

Publication number
EP0755502A1
EP0755502A1 EP96902318A EP96902318A EP0755502A1 EP 0755502 A1 EP0755502 A1 EP 0755502A1 EP 96902318 A EP96902318 A EP 96902318A EP 96902318 A EP96902318 A EP 96902318A EP 0755502 A1 EP0755502 A1 EP 0755502A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mine
circuit
passive
oscillating circuit
exercise
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96902318A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0755502B1 (en
Inventor
Philippe Arnaud
Loic Laine
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giat Industries SA
Original Assignee
Giat Industries SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Giat Industries SA filed Critical Giat Industries SA
Publication of EP0755502A1 publication Critical patent/EP0755502A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0755502B1 publication Critical patent/EP0755502B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B8/00—Practice or training ammunition
    • F42B8/28—Land or marine mines; Depth charges

Definitions

  • the field of the present invention is that of exercise mines and devices allowing the simulation of the action of a mine.
  • Simulation devices which use complex means to materialize the action of a mine on a vehicle or an individual.
  • the position of the latter is known by means such as satellite positioning systems (commonly known as GPS) or inertial navigation plates.
  • GPS satellite positioning systems
  • the control post compares the actual position of vehicles and individuals with that of mines and sends them a signal when one of them sets off a mine.
  • the invention also proposes a device for programming such an exercise mine, making it possible to give a given exercise mine different detection characteristics.
  • the invention finally proposes a device for simulating a demining operation, a device also implementing an exercise mine according to the invention.
  • the subject of the invention is an exercise mine, characterized in that it comprises at least one passive oscillating circuit tuned to a certain frequency, circuit intended to be detected by at least one active oscillating circuit carried by an individual or a vehicle. .
  • the passive oscillating circuit will include at least one fusible or destructible part.
  • the passive oscillating circuit may comprise at least one inductance at the terminals of which are mounted at least two circuit branches, each branch being formed of a capacity and of a fuse or destructible part connected in series.
  • the passive oscillating circuit can be produced in the form of a rigid printed circuit fixed to the lead.
  • the passive oscillating circuit is formed by a screen printing of a conductive paint.
  • This serigraphy can be carried by a label glued to the mine.
  • the invention also relates to a device for programming such a mine, device characterized in that it comprises an active oscillating circuit which generates a signal with adjustable frequency and intensity, active circuit making it possible to determine the oscillation frequency at passive circuit carried by the mine, and comprising a switch making it possible to control the generation of a power signal at this oscillation frequency, signal intended to blow a fuse integral with the passive oscillating circuit of the mine.
  • the invention also relates to a device for simulating the action of a mine, a device characterized in that it comprises means for detecting at least one passive oscillating circuit carried by an exercise mine, means comprising at least one active oscillating circuit.
  • the detection means comprise at least one receiving coil coupled to amplification means and to a bandpass filter.
  • the detection means comprise at least two active oscillating circuits, each circuit being tuned or tunable on a different natural frequency, thus making it possible to detect and distinguish at least two passive circuits carried by two different exercise mines .
  • the active oscillating circuit is designed so as to be able to deliver a signal at a swept frequency in a given frequency band so as to allow the detection of at least two passive circuits carried by two exercise mines different.
  • the active oscillating circuit or the filter is connected to a variation detector, the sensitivity threshold of which is determined so as to detect a positioning of this active oscillating circuit at a given distance from a fixed passive oscillating circuit. of a mine.
  • the variation detector controls a signaling means.
  • the variation detector can also control the emission of a power signal by the active oscillating circuit, a signal intended to melt the fuse or fuses integral with the passive oscillating circuit carried by the mine.
  • the signaling means may include cut-off means placed in an energy supply circuit of the vehicle, the variation detector actuating these means so as to control the stopping of the vehicle.
  • the simulation device comprises a device for controlling at least one duration of activity of an exercise mine, device comprising a clock and at least one memory or register intended for receive at least a number representative of a duration of activity, this control device controlling the switching means so as to prohibit the control of the signaling means by the variation detector when the duration of activity associated with this detected mine has elapsed .
  • the simulation device comprises a device for controlling at least two durations of activity of an exercise mine, device comprising means making it possible to determine the tuning frequency of the passive circuit detected and to associate at this frequency one of the durations of activity stored in memory so as to prohibit the control of the signaling means by the variation detector when the duration of activity associated with the detected mine has elapsed.
  • the active oscillating circuit comprises a coil fixed to a front part of the vehicle and isolated from it by a screen made of a material with high magnetic permeability and high resistivity.
  • the invention also relates to a device for simulating a demining operation which is characterized in that it comprises a generator of a signal at a determined frequency, this signal having an intensity chosen so as to melt the or fuses secured to a passive oscillating circuit carried by an exercise lead according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a mine according to a particular embodiment of the invention.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b are front and back views of the label carried by the mine in FIG. 1,
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b show the implementation by a vehicle of the simulation device according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 is a simplified electric diagram of the simulation device according to a first embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 5 represents an alternative embodiment of the passive oscillating circuit
  • FIG. 6 is a simplified electrical diagram of the simulation device according to a second embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 7 is a simplified electrical diagram of the simulation device according to a third embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a simplified electrical diagram of the simulation device according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a simplified electrical diagram of the simulation device according to a fifth embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a simplified electrical diagram of a device for simulating a demining operation.
  • an inert exercise lead 1 has a substantially cylindrical body
  • This mine has a shape which is close to that of a war mine, in order to allow its installation in a realistic way.
  • Installation can be manual or carried out using a disperser or a burier.
  • a disperser consisting of a shell or a cargo rocket or a disperser comprising launching tubes mounted on a vehicle.
  • the mine will preferably consist of a block of biodegradable material, for example compressed and dried peat or else a cement which disintegrates with humidity.
  • One face 3 of the mine carries a label 4 fixed by bonding.
  • the label 4 is visible in detail in Figures 2a and 2b. It is made of a flexible plastic material, for example nylon (or even paper) and it carries on each of its faces a deposit of conductive ink (for example based on graphite). The deposit will preferably be made by screen printing. All of the conductive ink deposits constitute an oscillating electric circuit 5 comprising an inductor 6 at the terminals of which a capacitor 7 is mounted.
  • a frame 7a of the capacity is carried by one face of the label 4, the other frame 7b is carried by the other face of the label.
  • the material of the label constitutes the dielectric of this capacity.
  • the inductor is carried by one side of the label and is formed by a conductive track in the form of a spiral.
  • the armature 7b of the capacitor is connected to the inductor by a connection 8 which crosses the label.
  • We can for example make the connection by providing a hole through the label and which is filled after screen printing with a conductive material. We can also metallize the hole.
  • the oscillating circuit 5 is completely passive. No energy source is planned which makes the mine extremely rustic and inexpensive.
  • the capacitance and inductance values will be chosen so that this circuit is tuned to a given frequency which depends on the characteristics of an active oscillating circuit carried by an individual or a vehicle. It is easy to vary the capacitance by playing on the surface of the reinforcements 7a, 7b and to vary the inductance by playing on the maximum length and diameter of the spiral.
  • FIGS 3a and 3b show a vehicle 9 (here a tank) which carries at its front part a housing 10 which constitutes a part of a simulation device according to the invention.
  • the housing is placed in a substantially middle position between the tracks of the vehicle (see Figure 3b).
  • This box contains an active oscillating circuit which is placed so as to emit an electromagnetic field towards the front of the vehicle 9.
  • the active oscillating circuit is intended to play the role of detector for the passive oscillating circuit 5 carried by the exercise mine 1.
  • FIG. 4 shows a simplified electrical diagram of the simulation device according to the invention.
  • the housing contains detection means which comprise: an active oscillating circuit which comprises an inductance 11, a capacitor 12 and a generator 13, circuit connected to a variation detector 14.
  • the active circuit is tuned to a frequency which is the same as that of the passive oscillating circuit 5 carried by the mine 1.
  • the active oscillating circuit 11,12,13 is unbalanced due to the coupling which occurs between the active oscillating circuit 11,12,13 and the passive circuit 5. This results for example by a variation of its frequency, of its amplitude or its consumption according to the assembly which is chosen (such assemblies are conventional and well known to those skilled in the art).
  • the variation detector 14 of known type has a sensitivity threshold determined so as to identify the approximation of the active oscillating circuit 11,12,13 at a given distance from the passive oscillating circuit 5. This distance will be chosen as being that corresponding to the triggering of a real mine by the vehicle.
  • the variation detector is connected to a control means 15 which will then automatically trigger one or more signaling means according to the wishes of the user, for example:
  • circuits 18 electrical and / or hydraulic placed in a power supply circuit of the vehicle, interruption leading to the stopping of its engine 39 and / or to its immobilization on the ground.
  • the control means will for example comprise a microprocessor which will manage the triggering of the signaling means (via static relays) according to the programming given by the user. It may also include a GPS receiver which can calculate the coordinates of the carrier when the mine is encountered, and radio transmission means sending these coordinates and which can also send information relating to the nature of the mine encountered (for example the value of the frequency of the passive circuit or a code stored in memory and associated with this frequency).
  • the control means may also of course be produced with conventional means, for example electromechanical relays controlled by a wired logic circuit.
  • the box 10 could of course contain only part of the oscillating circuit 11,12,13 and it will most often contain the inductor 11.
  • this inductance will be produced in the form of a coil and this will be isolated from the magnetic mass of the vehicle by a screen made of a material with high magnetic permeability (greater than or equal to 1000) and with high resistivity (greater than 10 ⁇ 6 ⁇ .m).
  • This screen will for example be placed at the bottom of the housing 10 and may be made of Mu-metal.
  • Such an arrangement makes it possible to limit the influence of the carrier on the oscillating circuit.
  • the active circuit carried by the vehicle will operate at the same frequency and it will have a power of less than 5 W (for example), which allows detection of the passive circuit at a distance between the coil and the mine of the order of 500 mm. .
  • the invention allows a very realistic simulation of the operation of a mine. This simulation is all the more realistic since the control means can cause the vehicle to stop and be put out of action.
  • Transmission of the vehicle status by radio allows remote supervision of the exercise. None of the means used requires complex calculation means.
  • the vehicle may be provided with navigation means coupled to the radio transmission means, in order to retransmit the coordinates of the immobilized vehicle to the exercise management center.
  • the invention has been described above in its application to the simulation of anti-vehicle mines. It is also possible to define an antipersonnel exercise mine which is provided with a passive oscillating circuit according to the invention. We will then choose a frequency of use different from that (s) associated with anti-vehicle mines.
  • Each individual participating in the exercise will be provided with an appropriate individual detector, similar to that described above, the frequency and range of which will be chosen so as to detect the anti-personnel mine and to simulate its triggering (for example by means of an alarm carried by the individual, possibly coupled with a dye cartridge marking his clothes).
  • an individual detector similar to that described above, the frequency and range of which will be chosen so as to detect the anti-personnel mine and to simulate its triggering (for example by means of an alarm carried by the individual, possibly coupled with a dye cartridge marking his clothes).
  • the mines used are completely inert and their abandonment on the ground poses no risk to civilians or animals. They can also be made of biodegradable materials, which facilitates their automatic elimination.
  • the passive oscillating circuit is non-toxic and of small dimensions, it does not pollute the ground. It is also possible to carry out the circuit on a biodegradable label (in paper for example).
  • FIG. 5 represents an alternative embodiment of the passive oscillating circuit 5 represented here in the form of a screen printing carried by a label 4.
  • the circuit according to this variant comprises a fuse 19 produced by a thinning of the screen-printed conductive track.
  • means are provided (for example a power switch) which control the generator 13 so that the latter sends a signal of sufficient intensity for the current which it induces in the passive circuit 5 blows the fuse 19.
  • the passive oscillating circuit carried by the mine can be produced in the form of a rigid printed circuit fixed to the mine, or placed inside the latter.
  • This circuit can carry conventional electronic components (capacitors, resistances, inductors, fuse) welded to the tracks on the printed circuit.
  • the passive oscillating circuit can also be produced in the form of a flexible or relatively flexible printed circuit fixed to the lead, for example a glass / epoxy circuit or a circuit carrying metal tracks integral with a plastic material.
  • FIG. 6 shows a simplified electrical diagram of a simulation device according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • control means 15 includes an activity duration control device 20.
  • This device comprises a memory 22, inside of which is introduced (for example with a keyboard 23) a duration of activity for exercise mines.
  • the duration of activity of the exercise mines used is entered into memory 22.
  • the clock is set at the start of the exercise so that time 0 corresponds to the supposed placement of the mines.
  • the solid state relay 24 is in the normally closed position. Thus when a mine is detected by the variation detector 14, the signaling means are controlled as before.
  • the comparator 25 causes the static relay 24 to open.
  • the signaling means are no longer actuated when the vehicle (or the individual) encounters an exercise mine.
  • FIG. 7 shows a simplified electrical diagram of a simulation device according to a third embodiment of the invention.
  • the detection means contained in this device comprise two generators 13a and 13b, each supplying a different active oscillating circuit formed by an inductor
  • Each active circuit is tuned to a different frequency.
  • This simulation device is implemented with exercise leads comprising a passive oscillating circuit 5 of the type which is shown diagrammatically in FIG. 7.
  • This oscillating circuit comprises an inductor 6 at the terminals of which two circuit branches are mounted, each branch being formed of a capacity (7a, 7b) and a fuse (19a, 19b) connected in series.
  • the active oscillating circuit (11a, 12a, 13a) will be chosen as it is tuned to the resonant frequency Frl.
  • the active oscillating circuit (11b, 12b, 13b) will be chosen as it is tuned to this resonance frequency Fr2.
  • the variation detectors 14a and 14b are connected to the control means 15 which in this embodiment includes an activity time control device 20.
  • This device comprises a clock 21 and two memories or registers 22a, 22b.
  • Each memory is intended to receive a number representative of a theoretical duration of activity of the exercise mine used.
  • the memory 22a will receive a duration of activity which will be associated with a mine of exercise whose passive circuit has the resonant frequency Frl, the memory 22b will receive a duration of activity which will be associated with a mine whose passive circuit has the resonance frequency Fr2.
  • the memories are programmed by means of the keyboard 23 or a serial link.
  • Switching means for example static relays 26a, 26b
  • Each means is in the normally open state. It is controlled by the associated variation detector 14a, 14b. The detection of an exercise mine of a certain type thus causing the relay 26a, 26b associated with this type of mine to topple.
  • An OR logic gate 27 groups the outputs of memories 22a and 22b downstream of the static relays 26a, 26b. The output of this gate gives the content of the memory 22a or 22b which corresponds to the mine detected by the active oscillating circuits. This content is compared (comparator 25) to the time value supplied by the clock 21.
  • the solid state relay 24 will here be in a normally open state. When the life of the detected mine (Tl or T2) is not exceeded, the static relay 24 closes and causes the actuation of the signaling means 16,18.
  • the static relay 24 will then be a closing delay for the static relay 24, to authorize the vehicle to be moved away from the mine in question so as to allow the vehicle to take into account another type of mine whose duration of activity is not not yet over.
  • the activity time control device 20 will also be produced using the microprocessor which manages the operation of the control means 15.
  • the control means will be able to transmit, as previously by the antenna 17, parameters relating to the detected mine, for example the coordinates of the carrier when the mine is encountered, the nature of the mine encountered (frequency of the passive circuit or code associated with this frequency). This transmission can be ordered, whether the mine's operating time has passed or not. Information relating to the nature of the mine could, for example, be taken at the exit from OR gate 27.
  • This embodiment of the invention has been described with a passive circuit comprising two capacitance / fuse branches connected to the terminals of the inductor and with a simulation device composed of two active oscillating circuits. It is of course possible to define a passive circuit, carried by a label affixed to the mine, and provided with several capacity / fuse branches. Such a passive circuit could have as many different resonant frequencies as there are branches carrying a capacitance. One of these frequencies will be chosen by blowing a number of fuses. In practice, to carry out such an operation, a programming device is used which comprises an active oscillating circuit (similar to that used on the vehicle) but the frequency and amplitude of the signal emitted can be varied.
  • This active circuit first of all makes it possible to determine the frequency of oscillation of the passive circuit. Once the circuit has been tuned to this frequency, the operator actuates a switch which makes it possible to control the generation of a power signal at this oscillation frequency. As described above, this signal blows the fuse which is in the branch having the maximum value capacity, thus modifying the natural frequency of the passive circuit.
  • the passive circuit can be programmed by mechanically cutting off the branches which must be excluded from the passive resonant circuit.
  • the simulation device carried by the vehicle (or by an individual) will then comprise three active circuits tuned to these three possible frequencies.
  • FIG. 7 describes an embodiment in which the mines could have different durations of activity. each duration being associated with a different frequency of the passive circuit.
  • the simulation device used in this case is close to that described with reference to FIG. 7. It differs in that the outputs of the memories 22a, 22b after the relays 26a and 26b are not compared to the clock signal (deletion comparator 25 and OR gate 27).
  • the "mine type” information (supplied for example by the memories 22a, 22b) is used to control the signaling means 16,18. These means may be different for each type of mine.
  • An "anti-tank” mine causing for example the stopping of the vehicle and an anti-personnel mine simply an audible signal.
  • the control means can transmit the coordinates of the vehicle and the characteristics of the mine encountered. Such an embodiment is particularly advantageous since it allows with a single passive circuit model to simulate different types of mines.
  • FIG. 8 shows a simplified electrical diagram of the simulation device according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.
  • This device is also shown associated with a passive circuit 5 comprising at least two capacity / fuse branches placed in parallel at the terminals of the inductor 6.
  • the active circuit differs from the circuits described above in that the detection means comprise a generator of wobbled frequency connected to a transmitting coil 29.
  • Generators of wobbled frequency are well known to those skilled in the art. They provide a signal whose frequency varies periodically between two fixed limits.
  • Such generators are commonly used in electronics for example to adjust the tuned circuits of radio or television receivers.
  • the generator is coupled as before to a variation detector 14, itself connected to the control means 15.
  • a computer 30 which receives the signal from the variation detector (link 32) as well as the signal supplied by the generator (link 31).
  • the computer thus determines the frequency value F emitted by the generator 28 and for which a coupling with the passive circuit 5 has been detected.
  • the switch means 24 when the "duration of activity" of the detected mine has elapsed, the switch means 24 are controlled so as to prohibit the control of the signaling means (16, 18).
  • the static relay 24 will for example be normally open and its closure will be controlled by the comparator 25 if the mine activity time has not elapsed. It is of course possible with this embodiment to detect more than two types of passive circuits.
  • the simulation device when the simulation device must be implemented by a fast vehicle (speed greater than 30km / h), the variant comprising several generators emitting their signals simultaneously is preferred.
  • FIG. 9 shows a simulation device according to a fifth embodiment of the invention.
  • the detection means comprise, on the one hand a generator 36 containing an active oscillating circuit and coupled to a transmitting coil 37, and on the other hand a receiving coil 41 connected to a receiving amplifier circuit 40.
  • a bandpass filter 38 receives the signals transmitted by the generator 36 and those received and amplified by the circuit 40. It isolates from the signal received by the coil 41 the frequency lines which are due to the magnetic field emitted by the coil 37, this in order to avoid disturbances due to external fields.
  • the filter could for example be a synchronous filter, the principle of which is well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the filter is connected to a variation detector 14 which is itself connected to a control means 15 which can be produced according to any of the forms described above.
  • this device passes near an exercise mine according to the invention carrying a passive circuit 5, the field emitted by the coil 37 generates a current in the passive circuit 5. This current causes a modification of the magnetic field in the vicinity of the passive circuit. This modification causes a variation in the amplitude of the voltage across the receiving coil 41. This variation is detected by the detector 14 and it causes a mine to be taken into account by the control means 15 and the possible triggering of the signaling means 16.18.
  • Another advantage of this variant is that it allows the transmitting coil and the receiving coil to be placed in different places.
  • the two coils will advantageously be placed under the vehicle at a front part thereof, each coil being placed in the vicinity of a different side of the vehicle.
  • the transmitting coil 37 can be placed in the vicinity of the right front wheel (or right track) and the receiving coil 41 near the left front wheel (or left track).
  • the transmitter coil at the front of the vehicle and the receiver coil at the rear of the vehicle.
  • the coils will preferably be oriented such that the transmitting coil 37 emits its magnetic field towards the ground under the vehicle, the receiving coil 41 being oriented so as to receive a maximum magnetic flux from the ground.
  • Such an arrangement favors the detection of exercise mines situated under the vehicle, therefore mines which, from an operational point of view, are placed in a location such that they are normally initiated by the vehicle.
  • the device according to the invention thus provides a simulation even closer to operational reality.
  • the invention also relates to a device for simulating a demining machine. Such a device is described with reference to FIG. 9.
  • This simulation device is implemented with exercise mines according to the invention, that is to say provided with a passive oscillating circuit comprising one or more capacities (7a, 7b).
  • II comprises a generator 13 coupled to a transmitting coil
  • the generator frequency can advantageously be adjusted by the control means 15 (connection 34).
  • the generator is also connected to a variation detector 14 whose output signal is applied to a computer 30 of the control means 15.
  • the memories or registers 22a, 22b each receive a number representative of a theoretical duration of activity of the exercise mine used.
  • the computer checks whether a detected mine is active or not and possibly controls signaling means 16a, 16b when the mine is "active".
  • the intensity of the signal emitted by the generator will be chosen sufficient to melt the fuse (s) carried by the passive circuit. Practically although the intensity is always strong enough to neutralize the passive circuits, the approach of such a circuit will cause a disturbance of the transmitted signal which is sufficient to ensure detection and allow the emission of a signal (for example sound) informing of the destruction of a mine.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Measurement And Recording Of Electrical Phenomena And Electrical Characteristics Of The Living Body (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/FR96/00165 Sec. 371 Date Sep. 9, 1996 Sec. 102(e) Date Sep. 9, 1996 PCT Filed Jan. 31, 1996 PCT Pub. No. WO96/24818 PCT Pub. Date Aug. 15, 1996The invention relates to an exercise mine system for training in mine detection. The invention including a passive oscillating circuit tuned to a certain frequency. This circuit being designed to be detected by another active oscillating circuit carried by an individual or vehicle.

Description

MINE D'EXERCICE, DISPOSITIF DE PROGRAMMATION ET DISPOSITIF DE SIMULATION METTANT EN OEUVRE UNE TELLE MINEEXERCISE MINE, PROGRAMMING DEVICE, AND SIMULATION DEVICE IMPLEMENTING SUCH A MINE
Le domaine de la présente invention est celui des mines d'exercice et des dispositifs permettant la simulation de l'action d'une mine.The field of the present invention is that of exercise mines and devices allowing the simulation of the action of a mine.
On connaît des dispositifs de simulation qui mettent en oeuvre des moyens complexes pour matérialiser l'action d'une mine sur un véhicule ou un individu.Simulation devices are known which use complex means to materialize the action of a mine on a vehicle or an individual.
Ainsi le plus souvent la mine n'est pas présente sur le terrain, mais une position théorique lui est assignée par un poste de contrôle qui est couplé par liaison radio à des récepteurs portés par les véhicules et/ou les individus.Thus most often the mine is not present on the ground, but a theoretical position is assigned to it by a control post which is coupled by radio link to receivers carried by vehicles and / or individuals.
La position de ces derniers est connue par des moyens tels que des systèmes de positionnement par satellite (baptisés communément GPS) ou des platines de navigation inertielle. Le poste de contrôle compare la position réelle des véhicules et individus avec celle des mines et leur envoie un signal lorsque l'un d'eux déclenche une mine.The position of the latter is known by means such as satellite positioning systems (commonly known as GPS) or inertial navigation plates. The control post compares the actual position of vehicles and individuals with that of mines and sends them a signal when one of them sets off a mine.
De tels dispositifs sont d'une mise en oeuvre complexes.Such devices are of complex implementation.
Ils imposent l'emploi de moyens de positionnement dont la précision peut être insuffisante et impliquent des moyens de calculs lourds. Pratiquement ils ne peuvent être mis en oeuvre que sur des terrains spécifiquement préparés et dotés des infrastructures appropriées.They impose the use of positioning means whose precision may be insufficient and imply heavy calculation means. In practice, they can only be implemented on specifically prepared land with appropriate infrastructure.
Ces dispositifs sont également incomplets puisqu'ils ne permettent pas de simuler la mise en place réelle d'un champ de mine.These devices are also incomplete since they do not allow the actual placement of a minefield to be simulated.
On connaît d'autre part des mines d'exercice comportant des charges pyrotechniques inoffensives (fumigènes, génératrices de bruits) qui sont déclenchées par l'approche du véhicule ou de l'individu. L'avantage de telles mines est qu'elles permettent de simuler de façon réaliste le fonctionnement d'une mine réelle. Elles sont cependant coûteuses car elles mettent en oeuvre une charge pyrotechnique et les moyens de détection d'une mine réelle.On the other hand, there are known exercise mines comprising harmless pyrotechnic charges (smoke bombs, noise generators) which are triggered by the approach of the vehicle or of the individual. The advantage of such mines is that they allow a realistic simulation of the operation of a real mine. They are however expensive because they use a pyrotechnic charge and the means for detecting a real mine.
De plus, bien que leur effet soit en principe sans danger, il n'est pas possible de laisser sur le terrain de telles mines non initiées. Leur emploi impose donc une dépollution longue et coûteuse du terrain après l'exercice. C'est le but de l'invention que de résoudre les problèmes précédents en proposant, d'une part une mine d'exercice inerte et peu coûteuse mais permettant de réaliser de façon réaliste une simulation de l'effet d'une mine réelle, et d'autre part un dispositif de simulation de l'action d'une m ne, qui met en oeuvre une telle mine d'exercice.In addition, although their effect is in principle harmless, it is not possible to leave such mines uninitiated on the ground. Their use therefore requires a long and costly remediation of the land after the exercise. It is the aim of the invention to solve the above problems by proposing, on the one hand, a mine of inert and inexpensive exercise but making it possible to realistically simulate the effect of a real mine, and on the other hand a device for simulating the action of a mine, which implements such an exercise mine.
L'invention propose également un dispositif de programmation d'une telle mine d'exercice permettant de donner à une mine d'exercice donnée des caractéristiques de détection différentes.The invention also proposes a device for programming such an exercise mine, making it possible to give a given exercise mine different detection characteristics.
L'invention propose enfin un dispositif de simulation d'une opération de déminage, dispositif mettant lui aussi en oeuvre une mine d'exercice selon l'invention.The invention finally proposes a device for simulating a demining operation, a device also implementing an exercise mine according to the invention.
Ainsi l'invention a pour objet une mine d'exercice caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte au moins un circuit oscillant passif accordé sur une certaine fréquence, circuit destiné à être détecté par au moins un circuit oscillant actif porté par un individu ou un véhicule.Thus, the subject of the invention is an exercise mine, characterized in that it comprises at least one passive oscillating circuit tuned to a certain frequency, circuit intended to be detected by at least one active oscillating circuit carried by an individual or a vehicle. .
Avantageusement, le circuit oscillant passif comportera au moins une partie fusible ou destructible.Advantageously, the passive oscillating circuit will include at least one fusible or destructible part.
Le circuit oscillant passif pourra comporter au moins une inductance aux bornes de laquelle sont montées aux moins deux branches de circuit, chaque branche étant formée d'une capacité et d'une partie fusible ou destructible montées en série.The passive oscillating circuit may comprise at least one inductance at the terminals of which are mounted at least two circuit branches, each branch being formed of a capacity and of a fuse or destructible part connected in series.
Le circuit oscillant passif pourra être réalisé sous la forme d'un circuit imprimé rigide fixé à la mine.The passive oscillating circuit can be produced in the form of a rigid printed circuit fixed to the lead.
Il pourra également être réalisé sous la forme d'un circuit imprimé souple fixé à la mine. Avantageusement, le circuit oscillant passif est formé par une sérigraphie d'une peinture conductrice.It can also be produced in the form of a flexible printed circuit attached to the lead. Advantageously, the passive oscillating circuit is formed by a screen printing of a conductive paint.
Cette sérigraphie pourra être portée par une étiquette collée à la mine.This serigraphy can be carried by a label glued to the mine.
L'invention a également pour objet un dispositif de programmation d'une telle mine, dispositif caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un circuit oscillant actif qui génère un signal à fréquence et intensité réglable, circuit actif permettant de déterminer la fréquence d'oscillation au circuit passif porté par la mine, et comportant un commutateur permettant de commander la génération d'un signal de puissance à cette fréquence d'oscillation, signal destiné à faire fondre un fusible solidaire du circuit oscillant passif de la mine.The invention also relates to a device for programming such a mine, device characterized in that it comprises an active oscillating circuit which generates a signal with adjustable frequency and intensity, active circuit making it possible to determine the oscillation frequency at passive circuit carried by the mine, and comprising a switch making it possible to control the generation of a power signal at this oscillation frequency, signal intended to blow a fuse integral with the passive oscillating circuit of the mine.
L'invention a également pour objet un dispositif de simulation de l'action d'une mine, dispositif caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens de détection d'au moins un circuit oscillant passif porté par une mine d'exercice, moyens comportant au moins un circuit oscillant actif.The invention also relates to a device for simulating the action of a mine, a device characterized in that it comprises means for detecting at least one passive oscillating circuit carried by an exercise mine, means comprising at least one active oscillating circuit.
Selon un mode particulier de réalisation, les moyens de détection comportent au moins une bobine réceptrice couplée à des moyens d'amplification et à un filtre passe bande.According to a particular embodiment, the detection means comprise at least one receiving coil coupled to amplification means and to a bandpass filter.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation, les moyens de détection comportent au moins deux circuits oscillants actifs, chaque circuit étant accordé ou accordable sur une fréquence propre différente, permettant ainsi de détecter et distinguer au moins deux circuits passifs portés par deux mines d'exercice différentes. Selon un autre mode de réalisation, le circuit oscillant actif est conçu de façon à pouvoir délivrer un signal à une fréquence vobulée dans une bande de fréquence donnée de façon à permettre la détection d'au moins deux circuits passifs portés par deux mines d'exercice différentes. Selon un autre mode de réalisation, le circuit oscillant actif ou le filtre est relié à un détecteur de variation dont le seuil de sensibilité est déterminé de façon à détecter un positionnement de ce circuit oscillant actif à une distance donnée d'un circuit oscillant passif solidaire d'une mine. Avantageusement, le détecteur de variation commande un moyen de signalisation.According to another embodiment, the detection means comprise at least two active oscillating circuits, each circuit being tuned or tunable on a different natural frequency, thus making it possible to detect and distinguish at least two passive circuits carried by two different exercise mines . According to another embodiment, the active oscillating circuit is designed so as to be able to deliver a signal at a swept frequency in a given frequency band so as to allow the detection of at least two passive circuits carried by two exercise mines different. According to another embodiment, the active oscillating circuit or the filter is connected to a variation detector, the sensitivity threshold of which is determined so as to detect a positioning of this active oscillating circuit at a given distance from a fixed passive oscillating circuit. of a mine. Advantageously, the variation detector controls a signaling means.
Le détecteur de variation peut également commander l'émission d'un signal de puissance par le circuit oscillant actif, signal destiné à faire fondre le ou les fusibles solidaires du circuit oscillant passif porté par la mine.The variation detector can also control the emission of a power signal by the active oscillating circuit, a signal intended to melt the fuse or fuses integral with the passive oscillating circuit carried by the mine.
Les moyens de signalisation peuvent comporter des moyens de coupure placés dans un circuit d'alimentation en énergie du véhicule, le détecteur de variation actionnant ces moyens de façon à commander l'arrêt du véhicule.The signaling means may include cut-off means placed in an energy supply circuit of the vehicle, the variation detector actuating these means so as to control the stopping of the vehicle.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, le dispositif de simulation comporte un dispositif de contrôle d'au moins une durée d'activité d'une mine d'exercice, dispositif comportant une horloge et au moins une mémoire ou registre destiné à recevoir au moins un nombre représentatif d'une durée d'activité, ce dispositif de contrôle commandant des moyens interrupteurs de façon à interdire la commande des moyens de signalisation par le détecteur de variation lorsque la durée d'activité associée à cette mine détectée est écoulée.According to another embodiment of the invention, the simulation device comprises a device for controlling at least one duration of activity of an exercise mine, device comprising a clock and at least one memory or register intended for receive at least a number representative of a duration of activity, this control device controlling the switching means so as to prohibit the control of the signaling means by the variation detector when the duration of activity associated with this detected mine has elapsed .
Selon une variante, le dispositif de simulation comporte un dispositif de contrôle d'au moins deux durées d'activité d'une mine d'exercice, dispositif comportant des moyens permettant de déterminer la fréquence d'accord du circuit passif détecté et d'associer à cette fréquence l'une des durées d'activité mises en mémoires de façon à interdire la commande des moyens de signalisation par le détecteur de va- riation lorsque la durée d'activité associée à la mine dé¬ tectée est écoulée.According to a variant, the simulation device comprises a device for controlling at least two durations of activity of an exercise mine, device comprising means making it possible to determine the tuning frequency of the passive circuit detected and to associate at this frequency one of the durations of activity stored in memory so as to prohibit the control of the signaling means by the variation detector when the duration of activity associated with the detected mine has elapsed.
Avantageusement, lorsque le dispositif de simulation est adapté à un véhicule, le circuit oscillant actif comporte une bobine fixée à une partie avant du véhicule et isolée de celui ci par un écran en un matériau à forte perméabilité magnétique et forte résistivité.Advantageously, when the simulation device is adapted to a vehicle, the active oscillating circuit comprises a coil fixed to a front part of the vehicle and isolated from it by a screen made of a material with high magnetic permeability and high resistivity.
L'invention a également pour objet un dispositif de simulation d'une opération de déminage qui est caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un générateur d'un signal à une fréquence déterminée, ce signal ayant une intensité choisie de façon à faire fondre le ou les fusibles solidaires d'un circuit oscillant passif porté par une mine d'exercice selon l'invention.The invention also relates to a device for simulating a demining operation which is characterized in that it comprises a generator of a signal at a determined frequency, this signal having an intensity chosen so as to melt the or fuses secured to a passive oscillating circuit carried by an exercise lead according to the invention.
L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description de modes particuliers de réalisation, description faite en référence aux dessins annexés et dans lesquels:The invention will be better understood on reading the description of particular embodiments, description made with reference to the accompanying drawings and in which:
-la figure 1 montre une mine suivant un mode particulier de réalisation de l'invention. -les figures 2a et 2b sont des vues recto et verso de l'étiquette portée par la mine de la figure 1,FIG. 1 shows a mine according to a particular embodiment of the invention. FIGS. 2a and 2b are front and back views of the label carried by the mine in FIG. 1,
-les figures 3a et 3b montrent la mise en oeuvre par un véhicule du dispositif de simulation selon l'invention, -la figure 4 est un schéma électrique simplifié du dispositif de simulation selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention,FIGS. 3a and 3b show the implementation by a vehicle of the simulation device according to the invention, FIG. 4 is a simplified electric diagram of the simulation device according to a first embodiment of the invention,
-la figure 5 représente une variante de réalisation du circuit oscillant passif, -la figure 6 est un schéma électrique simplifié du dispositif de simulation selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention,FIG. 5 represents an alternative embodiment of the passive oscillating circuit, FIG. 6 is a simplified electrical diagram of the simulation device according to a second embodiment of the invention,
-la figure 7 est un schéma électrique simplifié du dispositif de simulation selon un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention.FIG. 7 is a simplified electrical diagram of the simulation device according to a third embodiment of the invention.
-la figure 8 est un schéma électrique simplifié du dispositif de simulation selon un quatrième mode de réalisation de l'invention,FIG. 8 is a simplified electrical diagram of the simulation device according to a fourth embodiment of the invention,
-la figure 9 est un schéma électrique simplifi du dispositif de simulation selon un cinquième mode de réalisation de l'invention,FIG. 9 is a simplified electrical diagram of the simulation device according to a fifth embodiment of the invention,
-la figure 10 est un schéma électrique simplifié d'un dispositif de simulation d'une opération de déminage.FIG. 10 is a simplified electrical diagram of a device for simulating a demining operation.
En se reportant à la figure 1, une mine d'exercice inerte 1 selon l'invention présente un corps sensiblement cylindriqueReferring to Figure 1, an inert exercise lead 1 according to the invention has a substantially cylindrical body
2. Cette mine a une forme qui est proche de celle d'une mine de guerre, cela afin de permettre sa pose d'une façon réaliste.2. This mine has a shape which is close to that of a war mine, in order to allow its installation in a realistic way.
La pose pourra être manuelle ou effectuée au moyen d'un disperseur ou d'un enfouisseur. On pourra utiliser par exemple un disperseur constitué par un obus ou une roquette cargo ou encore un disperseur comportant des tubes de lancement montés sur un véhicule.Installation can be manual or carried out using a disperser or a burier. We can use for example a disperser consisting of a shell or a cargo rocket or a disperser comprising launching tubes mounted on a vehicle.
Afin de limiter la pollution des terrains d'exercice, la mine sera constituée de préférence par un bloc d'un matériau biodégradable, par exemple de la tourbe compressée et séchée ou encore un ciment se désagrégeant à l'humidité. Une face 3 de la mine porte une étiquette 4 fixée par collage.In order to limit pollution of the training grounds, the mine will preferably consist of a block of biodegradable material, for example compressed and dried peat or else a cement which disintegrates with humidity. One face 3 of the mine carries a label 4 fixed by bonding.
L'étiquette 4 est visible en détail sur les figures 2a et 2b. Elle est réalisée en une matière plastique souple par exemple en Nylon (ou encore en papier) et elle porte sur chacune de ses faces un dépôt d'encre conductrice (par exemple à base de graphite) . Le dépôt sera réalise de préférence par sérigraphie. L'ensemble des dépôts d'encre conductrice constitue un circuit électrique oscillant 5 comportant une inductance 6 aux bornes de laquelle est montée une capacité 7.The label 4 is visible in detail in Figures 2a and 2b. It is made of a flexible plastic material, for example nylon (or even paper) and it carries on each of its faces a deposit of conductive ink (for example based on graphite). The deposit will preferably be made by screen printing. All of the conductive ink deposits constitute an oscillating electric circuit 5 comprising an inductor 6 at the terminals of which a capacitor 7 is mounted.
Une armature 7a de la capacité est portée par une face de l'étiquette 4, l'autre armature 7b est portée par l'autre face de l'étiquette. Le matériau de l'étiquette constitue le diélectrique de cette capacité.A frame 7a of the capacity is carried by one face of the label 4, the other frame 7b is carried by the other face of the label. The material of the label constitutes the dielectric of this capacity.
L'inductance est portée par une seule face de l'étiquette et elle est formée par une piste conductrice en forme de spirale. L'armature 7b de la capacité est reliée à l'inductance par une connexion 8 qui traverse l'étiquette. On pourra par exemple réaliser la connexion en prévoyant un trou traversant l'étiquette et qui est rempli après sérigraphie par un matériau conducteur. On pourra également métalliser le trou.The inductor is carried by one side of the label and is formed by a conductive track in the form of a spiral. The armature 7b of the capacitor is connected to the inductor by a connection 8 which crosses the label. We can for example make the connection by providing a hole through the label and which is filled after screen printing with a conductive material. We can also metallize the hole.
Le circuit oscillant 5 est totalement passif. Aucune source d'énergie n'est prévue ce qui rend la mine extrêmement rustique et bon marché. On choisira les valeurs de capacité et d'inductance de telle sorte que ce circuit soit accordé sur une fréquence donnée qui dépend des caractéristiques d'un circuit oscillant actif porté par un individu ou un véhicule. II est facile de faire varier la capacité en jouant sur la surface des armatures 7a,7b et de faire varier l'inductance en jouant sur la longueur et le diamètre maximal de la spirale.The oscillating circuit 5 is completely passive. No energy source is planned which makes the mine extremely rustic and inexpensive. The capacitance and inductance values will be chosen so that this circuit is tuned to a given frequency which depends on the characteristics of an active oscillating circuit carried by an individual or a vehicle. It is easy to vary the capacitance by playing on the surface of the reinforcements 7a, 7b and to vary the inductance by playing on the maximum length and diameter of the spiral.
Il est ainsi possible de choisir des caractéristiques différentes pour une mine destinée à simuler une mine antichar ou pour une mine simulant une mine antipersonnel. Les figures 3a et 3b montrent un véhicule 9 (ici un char) qui porte à sa partie avant un boîtier 10 qui constitue une partie d'un dispositif de simulation selon l'invention.It is thus possible to choose different characteristics for a mine intended to simulate an anti-tank mine or for a mine simulating an anti-personnel mine. Figures 3a and 3b show a vehicle 9 (here a tank) which carries at its front part a housing 10 which constitutes a part of a simulation device according to the invention.
Le boîtier est placé dans une position sensiblement médiane entre les chenilles du véhicule (voir figure 3b) .The housing is placed in a substantially middle position between the tracks of the vehicle (see Figure 3b).
Ce boîtier contient un circuit oscillant actif qui est placé de façon à émettre un champ électromagnétique vers l'avant du véhicule 9.This box contains an active oscillating circuit which is placed so as to emit an electromagnetic field towards the front of the vehicle 9.
Le circuit oscillant actif est destiné à jouer le rôle de détecteur pour le circuit oscillant passif 5 porté par la mine d'exercice 1.The active oscillating circuit is intended to play the role of detector for the passive oscillating circuit 5 carried by the exercise mine 1.
La figure 4 montre un schéma électrique simplifié du dispositif de simulation selon l'invention.FIG. 4 shows a simplified electrical diagram of the simulation device according to the invention.
Le boîtier contient des moyens de détection qui comprennent: un circuit oscillant actif qui comporte une inductance 11, une capacité 12 et un générateur 13, circuit relié à un détecteur de variations 14. Le circuit actif est accordé sur une fréquence qui est la même que celle du circuit oscillant passif 5 porté par la mine 1. Lors du passage du boîtier détecteur à proximité de la mineThe housing contains detection means which comprise: an active oscillating circuit which comprises an inductance 11, a capacitor 12 and a generator 13, circuit connected to a variation detector 14. The active circuit is tuned to a frequency which is the same as that of the passive oscillating circuit 5 carried by the mine 1. When the detector unit passes near the mine
1, le circuit oscillant actif 11,12,13 est déséquilibré en raison du couplage qui intervient entre le circuit oscillant actif 11,12,13 et le circuit passif 5. Cela se traduit par exemple par une variation de sa fréquence, de son amplitude ou de sa consommation suivant le montage qui est retenu (de tels montages sont classiques et bien connus de l'homme du métier) .1, the active oscillating circuit 11,12,13 is unbalanced due to the coupling which occurs between the active oscillating circuit 11,12,13 and the passive circuit 5. This results for example by a variation of its frequency, of its amplitude or its consumption according to the assembly which is chosen (such assemblies are conventional and well known to those skilled in the art).
Le détecteur de variation 14 de type connu (par exemple un détecteur synchrone) a un seuil de sensibilité déterminé de façon à repérer le rapprochement du circuit oscillant actif 11,12,13 à une distance donnée du circuit oscillant passif 5. Cette distance sera choisie comme étant celle correspondant au déclenchement d'une mine réelle par le véhicule.The variation detector 14 of known type (for example a synchronous detector) has a sensitivity threshold determined so as to identify the approximation of the active oscillating circuit 11,12,13 at a given distance from the passive oscillating circuit 5. This distance will be chosen as being that corresponding to the triggering of a real mine by the vehicle.
Le détecteur de variation est relié à un moyen de commande 15 qui déclenchera alors automatiquement un ou plusieurs moyens de signalisation en fonction des souhaits de l'utilisateur, par exemple:The variation detector is connected to a control means 15 which will then automatically trigger one or more signaling means according to the wishes of the user, for example:
-le déclenchement d'une sirène 16, -l'envoi par radio (antenne 17) à un centre de gestion de l'exercice, de l'information selon laquelle le véhicule est hors de combat,-the activation of a siren 16, - sending by radio (antenna 17) to an exercise management center, information according to which the vehicle is out of action,
-la coupure de circuits 18 (électriques et/ou hydrauliques) placés dans un circuit d'alimentation en énergie du véhicule, coupure conduisant à l'arrêt de son moteur 39 et/ou à son immobilisation sur le terrain.the interruption of circuits 18 (electrical and / or hydraulic) placed in a power supply circuit of the vehicle, interruption leading to the stopping of its engine 39 and / or to its immobilization on the ground.
Le moyen de commande comprendra par exemple un microprocesseur qui gérera le déclenchement des moyens de signalisation (par l'intermédiaire de relais statiques) en fonction de la programmation donnée par l'utilisateur. Il pourra comprendre également un récepteur GPS pouvant calculer les coordonnées du porteur lors de la rencontre de la mine, et des moyens de transmission radio envoyant ces coordonnées et pouvant également envoyer une information relative à la nature de la mine rencontrée (par exemple la valeur de la fréquence du circuit passif ou un code mis en mémoire et associé à cette fréquence) . Le moyen de commande pourra également bien entendu être réalisé avec des moyens conventionnels par exemple des relais électromécaniques commandés par un circuit logique câblé.The control means will for example comprise a microprocessor which will manage the triggering of the signaling means (via static relays) according to the programming given by the user. It may also include a GPS receiver which can calculate the coordinates of the carrier when the mine is encountered, and radio transmission means sending these coordinates and which can also send information relating to the nature of the mine encountered (for example the value of the frequency of the passive circuit or a code stored in memory and associated with this frequency). The control means may also of course be produced with conventional means, for example electromechanical relays controlled by a wired logic circuit.
Il est possible de régler de façon précise la distance d'activation en jouant d'une part sur la sensibilité du détecteur de variation 14 et d'autre part sur la puissance du générateur 13.It is possible to precisely adjust the activation distance by playing on the one hand on the sensitivity of the variation detector 14 and on the other hand on the power of the generator 13.
Le boîtier 10 pourra bien entendu ne contenir qu'une partie du circuit oscillant 11,12,13 et il contiendra le plus souvent l'inductance 11.The box 10 could of course contain only part of the oscillating circuit 11,12,13 and it will most often contain the inductor 11.
Concrètement cette inductance sera réalisée sous la forme d'une bobine et on isolera celle-ci de la masse magnétique du véhicule par un écran en un matériau à forte perméabilité magnétique (supérieure ou égale à 1000) et à forte résistivité (supérieure à 10~6 Ω.m) . Cet écran sera par exemple placé au fond du boîtier 10 et pourra être réalisé en Mu-métal.Concretely this inductance will be produced in the form of a coil and this will be isolated from the magnetic mass of the vehicle by a screen made of a material with high magnetic permeability (greater than or equal to 1000) and with high resistivity (greater than 10 ~ 6 Ω.m). This screen will for example be placed at the bottom of the housing 10 and may be made of Mu-metal.
Une telle disposition permet de limiter l'influence du porteur sur le circuit oscillant. A titre d'exemple on pourra réaliser un circuit passif 5 accordé à une fréquence comprise entre 100 kHz et 10 MHz. Le circuit actif porté par le véhicule fonctionnera à la même fréquence et il aura une puissance inférieure à 5 W (par exemple) , ce qui permet une détection du circuit passif à une distance entre la bobine et la mine de l'ordre de 500 mm. On pourra alors régler le seuil de sensibilité de telle sorte que la mine ne soit détectée que lorsqu'elle se trouve sous le véhicule et cela quelle que soit la position de la mine par rapport au sol.Such an arrangement makes it possible to limit the influence of the carrier on the oscillating circuit. By way of example, it is possible to make a passive circuit 5 tuned to a frequency between 100 kHz and 10 MHz. The active circuit carried by the vehicle will operate at the same frequency and it will have a power of less than 5 W (for example), which allows detection of the passive circuit at a distance between the coil and the mine of the order of 500 mm. . We can then adjust the sensitivity threshold so that the mine is only detected when it is under the vehicle, regardless of the position of the mine relative to the ground.
On voit donc que l'invention permet une simulation très réaliste du fonctionnement d'une mine. Cette simulation est d'autant plus réaliste que le moyen de commande pourra provoquer l'arrêt du véhicule et sa mise hors de combat. La transmission par voie radio de l'état du véhicule permet une supervision à distance de la conduite de l'exercice. Aucun des moyens mis en oeuvre ne nécessite de moyens de calculs complexes. On pourra doter le véhicule de moyens de navigation couplés aux moyens de transmission radio, cela afin de retransmettre au centre de gestion de l'exercice les coordonnées du véhicule immobilisé.It can therefore be seen that the invention allows a very realistic simulation of the operation of a mine. This simulation is all the more realistic since the control means can cause the vehicle to stop and be put out of action. Transmission of the vehicle status by radio allows remote supervision of the exercise. None of the means used requires complex calculation means. The vehicle may be provided with navigation means coupled to the radio transmission means, in order to retransmit the coordinates of the immobilized vehicle to the exercise management center.
L'invention a été décrite ci-dessus dans son application à la simulation des mines anti-véhicules. Il est possible également de définir une mine d'exercice antipersonnel qui est dotée d'un circuit oscillant passif conforme à l'invention. On choisira alors une fréquence d'emploi différente de celle (s) associée(s) aux mines anti véhicules.The invention has been described above in its application to the simulation of anti-vehicle mines. It is also possible to define an antipersonnel exercise mine which is provided with a passive oscillating circuit according to the invention. We will then choose a frequency of use different from that (s) associated with anti-vehicle mines.
Chaque individu participant à l'exercice sera doté d'un détecteur individuel approprié, analogue à celui décrit ci- dessus, et dont la fréquence et la portée seront choisies de façon à détecter la mine antipersonnel et à simuler son déclenchement (par exemple au moyen d'une alarme portée par l'individu, couplée éventuellement à une cartouche de colorant marquant ses vêtements) . On notera que grâce à l'invention il n'est plus nécessaire de connaître précisément la localisation des différentes mines pour conduire l'exercice d'une façon réaliste. Il est donc possible de disperser ces mines par tous les moyens opérationnels connus (obus, roquettes, lanceurs) .Each individual participating in the exercise will be provided with an appropriate individual detector, similar to that described above, the frequency and range of which will be chosen so as to detect the anti-personnel mine and to simulate its triggering (for example by means of an alarm carried by the individual, possibly coupled with a dye cartridge marking his clothes). Note that thanks to the invention it is no longer necessary to know precisely the location of the different mines to conduct the exercise in a realistic manner. It is therefore possible to disperse these mines by all known operational means (shells, rockets, launchers).
On notera que, par un choix approprié des fréquences de fonctionnement, une mine anti véhicule ne sera pas détectée par un individu ce qui rend l'exercice plus réaliste.Note that, by an appropriate choice of operating frequencies, an anti-vehicle mine will not be detected by an individual, which makes the exercise more realistic.
Les mines utilisées sont totalement inertes et leur abandon sur le terrain n'engendre aucun risque pour les populations civiles ou les animaux. Elles peuvent en outre être réalisées en matériaux biodégradables, ce qui facilite leur élimination automatique. Le circuit oscillant passif est non toxique et de faible dimensions, il ne pollue pas le terrain. Il est possible par ailleurs de réaliser le circuit sur une étiquette biodégradable (en papier par exemple) .The mines used are completely inert and their abandonment on the ground poses no risk to civilians or animals. They can also be made of biodegradable materials, which facilitates their automatic elimination. The passive oscillating circuit is non-toxic and of small dimensions, it does not pollute the ground. It is also possible to carry out the circuit on a biodegradable label (in paper for example).
La figure 5 représente une variante de réalisation du circuit oscillant passif 5 représenté ici sous la forme d'une sérigraphie portée par une étiquette 4.FIG. 5 represents an alternative embodiment of the passive oscillating circuit 5 represented here in the form of a screen printing carried by a label 4.
Le circuit selon cette variante comporte un fusible 19 réalisé par un amincissement de la piste conductrice sérigraphiée. Selon cette variante, lors de la détection du circuit passif par le détecteur de variation 14, des moyens sont prévus (par exemple un commutateur de puissance) qui commandent le générateur 13 de telle sorte que ce dernier envoie un signal d'intensité suffisante pour que le courant qu'il induit dans le circuit passif 5 fasse fondre le fusible 19.The circuit according to this variant comprises a fuse 19 produced by a thinning of the screen-printed conductive track. According to this variant, when the passive circuit is detected by the variation detector 14, means are provided (for example a power switch) which control the generator 13 so that the latter sends a signal of sufficient intensity for the current which it induces in the passive circuit 5 blows the fuse 19.
L'intérêt d'une telle variante est de rendre le circuit passif 5 inefficace par la suite. On rend ainsi l'exercice encore plus réaliste, une mine d'exercice ne pouvant être détectée qu'une seule fois.The advantage of such a variant is to make the passive circuit 5 ineffective thereafter. This makes the exercise even more realistic, a mine of exercise can only be detected once.
Diverses variantes sont possibles sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.Various variants are possible without departing from the scope of the invention.
Ainsi le circuit oscillant passif porté par la mine peut être réalise sous la forme d'un circuit imprimé rigide fixe à la mine, ou placé à l'intérieur de celle-ci.Thus the passive oscillating circuit carried by the mine can be produced in the form of a rigid printed circuit fixed to the mine, or placed inside the latter.
Ce circuit peut porter des composants électroniques classiques (capacités, résistances, inductances, fusible) soudes aux pistes au circuit imprimé. Le circuit oscillant passif peut également être réalisé sous la forme d'un circuit imprimé souple ou relativement flexible fixé à la mine, par exemple un circuit verre/epoxy ou un circuit portant des pistes métalliques solidaires d'un matériau plastique.This circuit can carry conventional electronic components (capacitors, resistances, inductors, fuse) welded to the tracks on the printed circuit. The passive oscillating circuit can also be produced in the form of a flexible or relatively flexible printed circuit fixed to the lead, for example a glass / epoxy circuit or a circuit carrying metal tracks integral with a plastic material.
La figure 6 montre un schéma électrique simplifié d'un dispositif de simulation selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention.FIG. 6 shows a simplified electrical diagram of a simulation device according to a second embodiment of the invention.
Ce mode diffère du précédent en ce que le moyen de commande 15 comporte un dispositif de contrôle de durée d'activité 20.This mode differs from the previous one in that the control means 15 includes an activity duration control device 20.
Ce dispositif comporte une mémoire 22, à l'intérieur de laquelle est introduite (par exemple avec un clavier 23) une durée d'activité pour les mines d'exercice.This device comprises a memory 22, inside of which is introduced (for example with a keyboard 23) a duration of activity for exercise mines.
Il comporte également une horloge 21, un comparateur 25 et un relais statique 24.It also includes a clock 21, a comparator 25 and a static relay 24.
Le fonctionnement de ce mode de réalisation variante est le suivant:The operation of this alternative embodiment is as follows:
Avant l'exercice on introduit dans la mémoire 22 la durée d'activité des mines d'exercice employées. L'horloge est réglée au début de l'exercice de façon à ce que l'instant 0 corresponde à la mise en place supposée des mines.Before exercise, the duration of activity of the exercise mines used is entered into memory 22. The clock is set at the start of the exercise so that time 0 corresponds to the supposed placement of the mines.
Le relais statique 24 est en position normalement fermée. Ainsi lorsqu'une mine est détectée par le détecteur de variation 14, les moyens de signalisation sont commandées comme précédemment.The solid state relay 24 is in the normally closed position. Thus when a mine is detected by the variation detector 14, the signaling means are controlled as before.
Lorsque le temps indiqué par l'horloge 21 devient égal à celui introduit dans la mémoire 22, le comparateur 25 provoque l'ouverture du relais statique 24.When the time indicated by the clock 21 becomes equal to that entered in the memory 22, the comparator 25 causes the static relay 24 to open.
Après cette ouverture, les moyens de signalisation ne sont plus actionnés lorsque le véhicule (ou l'individu) rencontre une mine d'exercice.After this opening, the signaling means are no longer actuated when the vehicle (or the individual) encounters an exercise mine.
Une telle variante permet de donner encore plus de réalisme à l'exercice.Such a variant makes it possible to give even more realism to the exercise.
Concrètement le dispositif de contrôle de durée d'activité 20 est réalisé à l'aide du microprocesseur qui gère le fonctionnement du moyen de commande 15. La figure 7 montre un schéma électrique simplifié d'un dispositif de simulation selon un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention.Concretely, the activity time control device 20 is produced using the microprocessor which manages the operation of the control means 15. FIG. 7 shows a simplified electrical diagram of a simulation device according to a third embodiment of the invention.
Les moyens de détection contenus dans ce dispositif comportent deux générateurs 13a et 13b, chacun alimentant un circuit oscillant actif différent formé d'une inductanceThe detection means contained in this device comprise two generators 13a and 13b, each supplying a different active oscillating circuit formed by an inductor
(lia, 11b) et d'une capacité (12a, 12b). Chaque circuit actif est accordé sur une fréquence différente.(11a, 11b) and of a capacity (12a, 12b). Each active circuit is tuned to a different frequency.
Ce dispositif de simulation est mis en oeuvre avec des mines d'exercice comportant un circuit oscillant passif 5 du type de celui qui est schématisé sur la figure 7. Ce circuit oscillant comporte une inductance 6 aux bornes de laquelle sont montées deux branches de circuit, chaque branche étant formée d'une capacité (7a,7b) et d'un fusible (19a, 19b) montés en série.This simulation device is implemented with exercise leads comprising a passive oscillating circuit 5 of the type which is shown diagrammatically in FIG. 7. This oscillating circuit comprises an inductor 6 at the terminals of which two circuit branches are mounted, each branch being formed of a capacity (7a, 7b) and a fuse (19a, 19b) connected in series.
Ce circuit oscillant passif est représenté ici dans un premier état dans lequel aucun fusible n'est détruit. Il a alors une fréquence propre de résonance Fr égale à Fn= (IπmjKCa + Cb))-' . Le circuit oscillant actif (lia,12a,13a) sera choisi tel qu'il soit accordé à la fréquence de résonance Frl.This passive oscillating circuit is shown here in a first state in which no fuse is destroyed. It then has a natural resonance frequency Fr equal to Fn = (IπmjKCa + Cb)) - '. The active oscillating circuit (11a, 12a, 13a) will be chosen as it is tuned to the resonant frequency Frl.
Avec un tel circuit oscillant passif 5, les variations de flux auxquelles est soumise la self induisent un courant I qui se répartit dans chaque branche au prorata de la valeur de la capacité Ca ou Cb de ladite branche. La capacité de valeur la plus forte (par exemple Ca) sera traversée par le courant le plus fort. Si on soumet le circuit à un champ intense de fréquence Frl, on pourra provoquer un courant II qui fera fondre le fusible 19a situé dans cette branche. Le circuit oscillant passif 5 se trouve alors modifié et il a une nouvelle fréquence de résonance Fn - (2π< LCb )~^ .With such a passive oscillating circuit 5, the flux variations to which the inductor is subjected induce a current I which is distributed in each branch in proportion to the value of the capacity Ca or Cb of said branch. The highest value capacity (for example Ca) will be crossed by the strongest current. If the circuit is subjected to an intense field of frequency Frl, it will be possible to cause a current II which will blow the fuse 19a located in this branch. The passive oscillating circuit 5 is then modified and it has a new resonant frequency Fn - (2π <LCb) ~ ^.
Le circuit oscillant actif (11b, 12b, 13b) sera choisi tel qu'il soit accordé à cette fréquence de résonance Fr2.The active oscillating circuit (11b, 12b, 13b) will be chosen as it is tuned to this resonance frequency Fr2.
On dispose ainsi d'un moyen de reconnaître deux types de mines différents. Les circuits oscillants actifsThere is thus a means of recognizing two different types of mines. Active oscillating circuits
(lia, 12a, 13a) et (11b, 12b, 13b) émettent tous les deux en permanence. Lorsque l'un d'eux se trouve déséquilibré en raison de son couplage avec un circuit passif 5, ce déséquilibre est détecté par le détecteur de variation associé 14a ou 14b.(11a, 12a, 13a) and (11b, 12b, 13b) both transmit continuously. When one of them is unbalanced due to its coupling with a passive circuit 5, this imbalance is detected by the associated variation detector 14a or 14b.
Dans le cas de la figure 7, c'est le circuit lia, 12a, 13a accordé à la fréquence Frl qui détectera la proximité du circuit passif 5 portant ses deux fusibles.In the case of FIG. 7, it is the circuit 11a, 12a, 13a tuned to the frequency Frl which will detect the proximity of the passive circuit 5 carrying its two fuses.
Une fois le fusible 19a détruit, c'est le circuit 11b, 12b, 13b accordé à la fréquence Fr2 qui détectera la proximité du circuit passif 5.Once the fuse 19a has been destroyed, it is the circuit 11b, 12b, 13b tuned to the frequency Fr2 which will detect the proximity of the passive circuit 5.
Les détecteurs de variation 14a et 14b sont reliés au moyen de commande 15 qui dans ce mode de réalisation comporte un dispositif de contrôle de durée d'activité 20.The variation detectors 14a and 14b are connected to the control means 15 which in this embodiment includes an activity time control device 20.
Ce dispositif comporte une horloge 21 et deux mémoires ou registres 22a,22b.This device comprises a clock 21 and two memories or registers 22a, 22b.
Chaque mémoire est destinée à recevoir un nombre représentatif d'une durée d'activité théorique de la mine d'exercice utilisée.Each memory is intended to receive a number representative of a theoretical duration of activity of the exercise mine used.
La mémoire 22a recevra une durée d'activité qui sera associée à une mine d'exercice dont le circuit passif a la fréquence de résonance Frl, la mémoire 22b reçoit une durée d'activité qui est associée à une mine dont le circuit passif a la fréquence de résonance Fr2.The memory 22a will receive a duration of activity which will be associated with a mine of exercise whose passive circuit has the resonant frequency Frl, the memory 22b will receive a duration of activity which will be associated with a mine whose passive circuit has the resonance frequency Fr2.
Les mémoires sont programmées au moyen du clavier 23 ou d'une liaison série.The memories are programmed by means of the keyboard 23 or a serial link.
Des moyens interrupteurs (par exemple des relais statiques 26a,26b) sont placés entre chaque mémoire 22a,22b et les moyens de signalisation (16,18). Chaque moyen se trouve dans l'état normalement ouvert. Il est commandé par le détecteur de variation 14a, 14b associé. La détection d'une mine d'exercice d'un certain type provoquant ainsi le basculement du relais 26a,26b associé à ce type de mine.Switching means (for example static relays 26a, 26b) are placed between each memory 22a, 22b and the signaling means (16,18). Each means is in the normally open state. It is controlled by the associated variation detector 14a, 14b. The detection of an exercise mine of a certain type thus causing the relay 26a, 26b associated with this type of mine to topple.
Une porte logique OU 27 regroupe les sorties des mémoires 22a et 22b en aval des relais statiques 26a,26b. La sortie de cette porte donne le contenu de la mémoire 22a ou 22b qui correspond à la mine détectée par les circuits oscillants actifs. Ce contenu est comparé (comparateur 25) à la valeur de temps fournie par l'horloge 21.An OR logic gate 27 groups the outputs of memories 22a and 22b downstream of the static relays 26a, 26b. The output of this gate gives the content of the memory 22a or 22b which corresponds to the mine detected by the active oscillating circuits. This content is compared (comparator 25) to the time value supplied by the clock 21.
Le relais statique 24 sera ici dans un état normalement ouvert. Lorsque la durée de vie de la mine détectée (Tl ou T2) n'est pas dépassée, le relais statique 24 se ferme et provoque l'actionnement des moyens de signalisation 16,18.The solid state relay 24 will here be in a normally open state. When the life of the detected mine (Tl or T2) is not exceeded, the static relay 24 closes and causes the actuation of the signaling means 16,18.
Lorsque la durée de vie de la mine est dépassée, le relais 24 étant normalement ouvert, les moyens de signalisation ne sont pas actionnés.When the mine life is exceeded, the relay 24 being normally open, the signaling means are not actuated.
A titre de variante, il est bien entendu possible de prévoir un relais statique 24 qui est dans un état normalement fermé. Dans ce cas, on montera le comparateur 25 de telle sorte que, lorsque la durée de vie de la mine détectée est dépassée, le relais s'ouvre et les moyens de signalisation ne sont pas actionnés.As a variant, it is of course possible to provide a static relay 24 which is in a normally closed state. In this case, the comparator 25 is mounted so that, when the life of the detected mine is exceeded, the relay opens and the signaling means are not actuated.
On prévoira alors une temporisation de fermeture du relais statique 24, pour autoriser l'éloignement du véhicule de la mine considérée de façon à permettre la prise en compte par le véhicule d'un autre type de mine dont la durée d'activité n'est pas encore écoulée. On pourra remplacer une telle temporisation par la détection de l'éloignement du circuit oscillant précédemment détecté (retour à l'état initial du circuit oscillant actif) . Concrètement le dispositif de contrôle de durée d'activité 20 sera encore réalisé à l'aide du microprocesseur qui gère le fonctionnement du moyen de commande 15.There will then be a closing delay for the static relay 24, to authorize the vehicle to be moved away from the mine in question so as to allow the vehicle to take into account another type of mine whose duration of activity is not not yet over. We can replace such a delay by detecting the distance from the previously detected oscillating circuit (return to the initial state of the active oscillating circuit). Concretely, the activity time control device 20 will also be produced using the microprocessor which manages the operation of the control means 15.
Le moyen de commande pourra transmettre comme précédemment par l'antenne 17 des paramètres relatifs à la mine détectée, par exemple les coordonnées du porteur lors de la rencontre de la mine, la nature de la mine rencontrée (fréquence du circuit passif ou code associé à cette fréquence) . Cette transmission pourra être commandée, que la durée d'activité de la mine soit écoulée ou non. L'information relative à la nature de la mine pourra par exemple être prise à la sortie de la porte OU 27.The control means will be able to transmit, as previously by the antenna 17, parameters relating to the detected mine, for example the coordinates of the carrier when the mine is encountered, the nature of the mine encountered (frequency of the passive circuit or code associated with this frequency). This transmission can be ordered, whether the mine's operating time has passed or not. Information relating to the nature of the mine could, for example, be taken at the exit from OR gate 27.
Ce mode de réalisation de l'invention a été décrit avec un circuit passif comportant deux branches capacité/fusible connectées aux bornes de l'inductance et avec un dispositif de simulation composé de deux circuits oscillants actifs. Il est possible bien entendu de définir un circuit passif, porté par une étiquette collée sur la mine, et doté de plusieurs branches capacité/fusible. Un tel circuit passif pourra avoir autant de fréquences de résonance différentes qu'il a de branches portant une capacité. On choisira l'une de ces fréquences en faisant fondre un certain nombre de fusibles. Pratiquement pour réaliser une telle opération on utilise un dispositif de programmation qui comprend un circuit oscillant actif (analogue à celui utilisé sur le véhicule) mais dont il est possible de faire varier la fréquence et l'amplitude du signal émis. Ce circuit actif permet tout d'abord de déterminer la fréquence d'oscillation du circuit passif. Une fois le circuit accordé sur cette fréquence, l'opérateur actionne un commutateur qui permet de commander la génération d'un signal de puissance à cette fréquence d'oscillation. Comme cela a été décrit précédemment, ce signal fait fondre le fusible qui se trouve dans la branche ayant la capacité de valeur maximale, modifiant ainsi la fréquence propre du circuit passif.This embodiment of the invention has been described with a passive circuit comprising two capacitance / fuse branches connected to the terminals of the inductor and with a simulation device composed of two active oscillating circuits. It is of course possible to define a passive circuit, carried by a label affixed to the mine, and provided with several capacity / fuse branches. Such a passive circuit could have as many different resonant frequencies as there are branches carrying a capacitance. One of these frequencies will be chosen by blowing a number of fuses. In practice, to carry out such an operation, a programming device is used which comprises an active oscillating circuit (similar to that used on the vehicle) but the frequency and amplitude of the signal emitted can be varied. This active circuit first of all makes it possible to determine the frequency of oscillation of the passive circuit. Once the circuit has been tuned to this frequency, the operator actuates a switch which makes it possible to control the generation of a power signal at this oscillation frequency. As described above, this signal blows the fuse which is in the branch having the maximum value capacity, thus modifying the natural frequency of the passive circuit.
Les opérations de recherche de fréquence de résonance puis de génération d'un signal de puissance sont répétées autant de fois que nécessaire pour faire fondre différents fusibles du circuit passif et lui donner la fréquence propre souhaitée.The operations of finding the resonance frequency and then of generating a power signal are repeated as many times as necessary to melt different fuses of the passive circuit and give it the desired natural frequency.
A titre de variante on pourra réaliser la programmation du circuit passif en coupant mécaniquement les branches qui doivent être exclues du circuit résonant passif. A titre d'exemple, il est possible de réaliser un circuit passif comportant une inductance L= 5μH et trois capacités Ca=10nF, Cb=5nF et Cc≈lnF. Un tel circuit peut avoir trois fréquences de résonance: Frl=563kHz (si les trois capacités sont actives), Fr2=919kHz (si seules Cb et Ce sont actives) et Fr3=2250 kHz (si seule Ce est active) . Ces trois fréquences sont suffisamment éloignées les unes des autres pour assurer une discrimination facile de trois types de mines différents.Alternatively, the passive circuit can be programmed by mechanically cutting off the branches which must be excluded from the passive resonant circuit. As an example, it is possible to make a passive circuit comprising an inductance L = 5μH and three capacitors Ca = 10nF, Cb = 5nF and Cc≈lnF. Such a circuit can have three resonant frequencies: Frl = 563kHz (if the three capacitors are active), Fr2 = 919kHz (if only Cb and Ce are active) and Fr3 = 2250 kHz (if only Ce is active). These three frequencies are sufficiently distant from each other to ensure easy discrimination of three different types of mines.
Le dispositif de simulation porté par le véhicule (ou par un individu) comportera alors trois circuits actifs accordés sur ces trois fréquences possibles.The simulation device carried by the vehicle (or by an individual) will then comprise three active circuits tuned to these three possible frequencies.
La figure 7 décrivait un mode de réalisation dans lequel les mines pouvaient avoir des durées d'activité différentes. chaque durée étant associée à une fréquence différente du circuit passif.FIG. 7 describes an embodiment in which the mines could have different durations of activity. each duration being associated with a different frequency of the passive circuit.
Il est possible de définir un autre mode de réalisation dans lequel, à chaque fréquence possible pour le circuit passif on associera, non pas une durée d'activité différente, mais une nature de mine différente.It is possible to define another embodiment in which, at each possible frequency for the passive circuit, there will be associated, not a different duration of activity, but a different nature of mine.
On pourra par exemple considérer que le circuit passif 5 portant ses deux fusibles 19a et 19b et ayant une fréquence Frl correspond à une mine antichar et que le circuit passif dans lequel le fusible 19a a fondu et qui a la fréquence Fr2 correspond à une mine antipersonnel.We could for example consider that the passive circuit 5 carrying its two fuses 19a and 19b and having a frequency Frl corresponds to an anti-tank mine and that the passive circuit in which the fuse 19a has blown and which at the frequency Fr2 corresponds to an antipersonnel mine .
Le dispositif de simulation utilisé dans ce cas est proche de celui décrit en référence à la figure 7. Il en diffère en ce que les sorties des mémoires 22a, 22b après les relais 26a et 26b ne sont pas comparées au signal d'horloge (suppression du comparateur 25 et de la porte OU 27) . En fait l'information "type de mine" (fournie par exemple par les mémoires 22a,22b) est utilisée pour commander les moyens de signalisation 16,18. Ces moyens pourront être différents pour chaque type de mine. Une mine "antichar" provoquant par exemple l'arrêt du véhicule et une mine antipersonnel simplement un signal sonore. Comme précédemment, les moyens de commande pourront transmettre les coordonnées du véhicule et les caractéristiques de la mine rencontrée. Un tel mode de réalisation est particulièrement avantageux puisqu'il permet avec un seul modèle de circuit passif de simuler différents types de mines.The simulation device used in this case is close to that described with reference to FIG. 7. It differs in that the outputs of the memories 22a, 22b after the relays 26a and 26b are not compared to the clock signal (deletion comparator 25 and OR gate 27). In fact the "mine type" information (supplied for example by the memories 22a, 22b) is used to control the signaling means 16,18. These means may be different for each type of mine. An "anti-tank" mine causing for example the stopping of the vehicle and an anti-personnel mine simply an audible signal. As before, the control means can transmit the coordinates of the vehicle and the characteristics of the mine encountered. Such an embodiment is particularly advantageous since it allows with a single passive circuit model to simulate different types of mines.
Dans les modes de réalisation décrits en référence aux figures 6 et 7, on prévoira après détection d'une mine dont la durée d'activité n'est pas écoulée, l'envoi par le générateur 13 d'un signal de puissance d'une intensité suffisante pour que le courant qu'il induit dans le circuit passif 5 fasse fondre le fusible 19. Lorsque le circuit 5 comporte plusieurs fusibles non encore détruits, la durée du signal sera choisie suffisante pour assurer la destruction de tous les fusibles et la mise hors service du circuit passif. La figure 8 montre un schéma électrique simplifié du dispositif de simulation selon un quatrième mode de réalisation de l'invention.In the embodiments described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7, after detection of a mine whose duration of activity has not elapsed, provision will be made for the generator 13 to send a power signal of a sufficient current for the current it induces in the passive circuit 5 to blow the fuse 19. When the circuit 5 comprises several fuses which have not yet been destroyed, the duration of the signal will be chosen to be sufficient to ensure the destruction of all the fuses and the setting out of service of the passive circuit. FIG. 8 shows a simplified electrical diagram of the simulation device according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.
Ce dispositif est encore représenté associé à un circuit passif 5 comportant au moins deux branches capacité/fusible placées en parallèle aux bornes de l'inductance 6.This device is also shown associated with a passive circuit 5 comprising at least two capacity / fuse branches placed in parallel at the terminals of the inductor 6.
Le circuit actif diffère des circuits décrits précédemment en ce que les moyens de détection comportent un générateur 28 de fréquence vobulée relié à une bobine émettrice 29. Les générateurs de fréquence vobulée sont bien connus de l'homme du métier. Ils fournissent un signal dont la fréquence varie périodiquement entre deux limites fixes.The active circuit differs from the circuits described above in that the detection means comprise a generator of wobbled frequency connected to a transmitting coil 29. Generators of wobbled frequency are well known to those skilled in the art. They provide a signal whose frequency varies periodically between two fixed limits.
De tels générateurs sont couramment utilisés en électronique par exemple pour régler les circuits accordés des récepteurs de radio ou de télévision.Such generators are commonly used in electronics for example to adjust the tuned circuits of radio or television receivers.
Le générateur est couplé comme précédemment à un détecteur de variation 14, lui même relié aux moyens de commande 15.The generator is coupled as before to a variation detector 14, itself connected to the control means 15.
Ces derniers comportent un calculateur 30 qui reçoit le signal du détecteur de variation (liaison 32) ainsi que le signal fourni par le générateur (liaison 31) .These include a computer 30 which receives the signal from the variation detector (link 32) as well as the signal supplied by the generator (link 31).
Le calculateur détermine ainsi la valeur de fréquence F émise par le générateur 28 et pour laquelle un couplage avec le circuit passif 5 a été détecté.The computer thus determines the frequency value F emitted by the generator 28 and for which a coupling with the passive circuit 5 has been detected.
Il est également relié à deux mémoires ou registres 22a,22b qui contiennent chacune un nombre représentatif d'une durée d'activité théorique de la mine d'exercice utilisée. Par programmation du calculateur 30, on a associé à chaque mémoire une fréquence donnée du générateur 28. Le calculateur est également programmé de façon à fournir à sa sortie 33 le contenu de la mémoire correspondant à la fréquence détectée.It is also connected to two memories or registers 22a, 22b which each contain a number representative of a duration of theoretical activity of the exercise mine used. By programming the computer 30, a given frequency of the generator 28 has been associated with each memory. The computer is also programmed so as to provide at its output 33 the content of the memory corresponding to the detected frequency.
Ce nombre est comparé au signal de l'horloge 21 (comparateurThis number is compared to the clock signal 21 (comparator
25), lorsque la "durée d'activité" de la mine détectée est écoulée, les moyens interrupteurs 24 sont commandés de façon à interdire la commande des moyens de signalisation (16, 18) . Le relais statique 24 sera par exemple normalement ouvert et sa fermeture sera commandée par le comparateur 25 si la durée d'activité de la mine n'est pas écoulée. Il est bien entendu possible avec ce mode de réalisation de détecter plus de deux types de circuits passifs.25), when the "duration of activity" of the detected mine has elapsed, the switch means 24 are controlled so as to prohibit the control of the signaling means (16, 18). The static relay 24 will for example be normally open and its closure will be controlled by the comparator 25 if the mine activity time has not elapsed. It is of course possible with this embodiment to detect more than two types of passive circuits.
Il est également possible de ne pas considérer des durées d'activité différentes mais de remplacer le comparateur 25 et le relais 24 par un moyen de commande d'une signalisation adaptée au type de mine détecté (antichar ou antipersonnel) .It is also possible not to consider different durations of activity but to replace the comparator 25 and the relay 24 by a signal control means adapted to the type of mine detected (anti-tank or anti-personnel).
Il est également avantageux de générer un signal de puissance permettant de mettre hors service le circuit passif détecté. L'avantage d'une telle variante est qu'elle permet avec un seul générateur 28 d'adapter le dispositif de simulation à de nombreux circuits passifs différents.It is also advantageous to generate a power signal making it possible to deactivate the detected passive circuit. The advantage of such a variant is that it allows with a single generator 28 to adapt the simulation device to many different passive circuits.
Cependant lorsque le dispositif de simulation doit être mis en oeuvre par un véhicule rapide (vitesse supérieure à 30km/h) on préférera la variante comportant plusieurs générateurs émettant leurs signaux de façon simultanéeHowever, when the simulation device must be implemented by a fast vehicle (speed greater than 30km / h), the variant comprising several generators emitting their signals simultaneously is preferred.
(figure 7) .(figure 7).
La figure 9 montre un dispositif de simulation selon un cinquième mode de réalisation de l'invention. Ce mode diffère des précédents en ce que les moyens de détection comportent, d'une part un générateur 36 contenant un circuit oscillant actif et couplé à une bobine émettrice 37, et d'autre part une bobine réceptrice 41 reliée à un circuit amplificateur de réception 40. Un filtre passe bande 38 reçoit les signaux émis par le générateur 36 et ceux reçus et amplifiés par le circuit 40. Il isole dans le signal reçu par la bobine 41 les raies fréquentielles qui sont dues au champ magnétique émis par la bobine 37, cela afin d'éviter les perturbations dues aux champs extérieurs.FIG. 9 shows a simulation device according to a fifth embodiment of the invention. This mode differs from the previous ones in that the detection means comprise, on the one hand a generator 36 containing an active oscillating circuit and coupled to a transmitting coil 37, and on the other hand a receiving coil 41 connected to a receiving amplifier circuit 40. A bandpass filter 38 receives the signals transmitted by the generator 36 and those received and amplified by the circuit 40. It isolates from the signal received by the coil 41 the frequency lines which are due to the magnetic field emitted by the coil 37, this in order to avoid disturbances due to external fields.
Le filtre pourra par exemple être un filtre synchrone dont le principe est bien connu de l'homme du métier.The filter could for example be a synchronous filter, the principle of which is well known to those skilled in the art.
Le filtre est relié à un détecteur de variation 14 qui est lui même relié à un moyen de commande 15 qui peut être réalisé selon une quelconque des formes décrites précédemment.The filter is connected to a variation detector 14 which is itself connected to a control means 15 which can be produced according to any of the forms described above.
Le fonctionnement de ce dispositif est le suivant. Lorsque le dispositif passe à proximité d'une mine d'exercice selon l'invention portant un circuit passif 5, le champ émis par la bobine 37 engendre un courant dans le circuit passif 5. Ce courant provoque une modification du champ magnétique au voisinage du circuit passif. Cette modification entraîne une variation de l'amplitude de la tension aux bornes de la bobine réceptrice 41. Cette variation est détectée par le détecteur 14 et elle provoque la prise en compte d'une mine par les moyens de commande 15 et le déclenchement éventuel des moyens de signalisation 16,18.The operation of this device is as follows. When the device passes near an exercise mine according to the invention carrying a passive circuit 5, the field emitted by the coil 37 generates a current in the passive circuit 5. This current causes a modification of the magnetic field in the vicinity of the passive circuit. This modification causes a variation in the amplitude of the voltage across the receiving coil 41. This variation is detected by the detector 14 and it causes a mine to be taken into account by the control means 15 and the possible triggering of the signaling means 16.18.
L'avantage d'une telle variante de l'invention est qu'elle permet de séparer la fonction "génération d'un champ magnétique" et la fonction "détection d'une perturbation du champ". On peut donc choisir des valeurs d'inductances différentes pour les bobines 37 et 41, valeurs bien adaptées à la fonction de chaque bobine.The advantage of such a variant of the invention is that it makes it possible to separate the "generation of a magnetic field" function and the "detection of a field disturbance" function. We can therefore choose different inductance values for the coils 37 and 41, values well suited to the function of each coil.
On détecte ainsi plus facilement les déséquilibres du champ magnétique provoqués par les circuits passifs, il en résulte un accroissement de la sensibilité du détecteur.It is thus easier to detect imbalances in the magnetic field caused by passive circuits, this results in an increase in the sensitivity of the detector.
Un autre avantage de cette variante est qu'elle permet de placer la bobine émettrice et la bobine réceptrice à des endroits différents.Another advantage of this variant is that it allows the transmitting coil and the receiving coil to be placed in different places.
Ainsi, pour une mise en oeuvre du dispositif de simulation sur un véhicule, on placera avantageusement les deux bobines sous le véhicule au niveau d'une partie avant de celui-ci, chaque bobine étant disposée au voisinage d'un côté différent du véhicule.Thus, for an implementation of the simulation device on a vehicle, the two coils will advantageously be placed under the vehicle at a front part thereof, each coil being placed in the vicinity of a different side of the vehicle.
Ainsi on pourra placer la bobine émettrice 37 au voisinage de la roue avant droite (ou chenille droite) et la bobine réceptrice 41 à proximité de la roue avant gauche (ou chenille gauche) .Thus, the transmitting coil 37 can be placed in the vicinity of the right front wheel (or right track) and the receiving coil 41 near the left front wheel (or left track).
On pourrait également placer la bobine émettrice à l'avant du véhicule et la bobine réceptrice à l'arrière du véhicule. Dans tous les cas, les bobines seront de préférence orientées telles que la bobine émettrice 37 émette son champ magnétique vers le sol sous le véhicule, la bobine réceptrice 41 étant orientée de façon à recevoir un flux magnétique maximal du sol.One could also place the transmitter coil at the front of the vehicle and the receiver coil at the rear of the vehicle. In all cases, the coils will preferably be oriented such that the transmitting coil 37 emits its magnetic field towards the ground under the vehicle, the receiving coil 41 being oriented so as to receive a maximum magnetic flux from the ground.
Une telle disposition favorise la détection des mines d'exercice situées sous le véhicule donc des mines qui, d'un point de vue opérationnel, sont placées à un endroit tel qu'elles sont normalement initiées par le véhicule.Such an arrangement favors the detection of exercise mines situated under the vehicle, therefore mines which, from an operational point of view, are placed in a location such that they are normally initiated by the vehicle.
Avec un réglage de sensibilité approprié, il devient alors possible de ne détecter que les mines qui sont effectivement sous le véhicule et de ne pas détecter celles qui sont de part et d'autre de celui-ci. Le dispositif selon l'invention procure ainsi une simulation encore plus proche de la réalité opérationnelle.With an appropriate sensitivity setting, it then becomes possible to detect only the mines that are actually under the vehicle and not to detect those that are on either side of it. The device according to the invention thus provides a simulation even closer to operational reality.
Il est bien entendu possible de combiner ce mode de réalisation avec les modes décrits précédemment. On pourra notamment prévoir plusieurs couples émetteur (36)It is of course possible to combine this embodiment with the modes described above. We can in particular provide for several transmitting pairs (36)
/ récepteur (40) associés chacun à une fréquence de détection différente, cela afin de distinguer des mines de natures ou de durées d'activité différentes (combinaison de ce mode de réalisation avec celui de la figure 7) . On pourra aussi prévoir pour le générateur 36 un générateur de fréquence vobulée (combinaison de ce mode de réalisation avec celui de la figure 8) ./ receiver (40) each associated with a different detection frequency, this in order to distinguish mines of different types or duration of activity (combination of this embodiment with that of FIG. 7). It is also possible to provide for the generator 36 a wobbled frequency generator (combination of this embodiment with that of FIG. 8).
L'invention a également pour objet un dispositif de simulation d'un engin de déminage. Un tel dispositif est décrit en référence à la figure 9.The invention also relates to a device for simulating a demining machine. Such a device is described with reference to FIG. 9.
Ce dispositif de simulation est mis en oeuvre avec des mines d'exercice conforme à l'invention c'est à dire dotées d'un circuit oscillant passif comportant une ou plusieurs capacités (7a,7b). II comporte un générateur 13 couplé à une bobine émettriceThis simulation device is implemented with exercise mines according to the invention, that is to say provided with a passive oscillating circuit comprising one or more capacities (7a, 7b). II comprises a generator 13 coupled to a transmitting coil
29. La fréquence du générateur pourra avantageusement être réglée par les moyens de commande 15 (connexion 34) . Le générateur est encore relié à un détecteur de variation 14 dont le signal de sortie est appliqué à un calculateur 30 des moyens de commande 15. Les mémoires ou registres 22a,22b reçoivent chacune un nombre représentatif d'une durée d'activité théorique de la mine d'exercice utilisée. Le calculateur vérifie si une mine détectée est active ou non et il commande éventuellement des moyens de signalisation 16a, 16b lorsque la mine est "active".29. The generator frequency can advantageously be adjusted by the control means 15 (connection 34). The generator is also connected to a variation detector 14 whose output signal is applied to a computer 30 of the control means 15. The memories or registers 22a, 22b each receive a number representative of a theoretical duration of activity of the exercise mine used. The computer checks whether a detected mine is active or not and possibly controls signaling means 16a, 16b when the mine is "active".
L'intensité du signal émis par le générateur sera choisie suffisante de façon à faire fondre le ou les fusibles portés par le circuit passif. Pratiquement bien que l'intensité soit en permanence assez forte pour neutraliser les circuits passifs, l'approche d'un tel circuit provoquera une perturbation du signal émis qui est suffisante pour assurer une détection et permettre l'émission d'un signal (par exemple sonore) informant de la destruction d'une mine.The intensity of the signal emitted by the generator will be chosen sufficient to melt the fuse (s) carried by the passive circuit. Practically although the intensity is always strong enough to neutralize the passive circuits, the approach of such a circuit will cause a disturbance of the transmitted signal which is sufficient to ensure detection and allow the emission of a signal (for example sound) informing of the destruction of a mine.
D'une façon analogue au mode décrit en référence à la figure 7, on pourra prévoir plusieurs générateurs ayant des fréquences d'émission différentes, cela afin de permettre la reconnaissance de plusieurs mines de types différents. In a manner analogous to the mode described with reference to FIG. 7, it is possible to provide several generators having different emission frequencies, this in order to allow the recognition of several mines of different types.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1-Mine d'exercice (1), caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte au moins un circuit oscillant passif (5) accordé sur une certaine fréquence, circuit destiné à être détecté par au moins un circuit oscillant actif porté par un individu ou un véhicule.1-Exercise mine (1), characterized in that it comprises at least one passive oscillating circuit (5) tuned to a certain frequency, circuit intended to be detected by at least one active oscillating circuit carried by an individual or a vehicle.
2-Mine d'exercice selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le circuit oscillant passif (5) comporte au moins une partie fusible ou destructible (19) .2-Exercise mine according to claim 1, characterized in that the passive oscillating circuit (5) comprises at least one fusible or destructible part (19).
3-Mine d'exercice selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que le circuit oscillant passif (5) comporte au moins une inductance (6) aux bornes de laquelle sont montées aux moins deux branches de circuit, chaque branche étant formée d'une capacité (7a, 7b) et d'une partie fusible ou destructible3-exercise mine according to claim 2, characterized in that the passive oscillating circuit (5) comprises at least one inductance (6) at the terminals of which are mounted at least two circuit branches, each branch being formed of a capacity (7a, 7b) and a fusible or destructible part
(19a, 19b) montées en série.(19a, 19b) connected in series.
4-Mine d'exercice selon une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que le circuit oscillant passif (5) est réalisé sous la forme d'un circuit imprimé rigide fixé à la mine (1) .4-Exercise mine according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the passive oscillating circuit (5) is produced in the form of a rigid printed circuit fixed to the mine (1).
5-Mine d'exercice selon une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que le circuit oscillant passif (5) est réalisé sous la forme d'un circuit imprimé souple fixé à la mine. β-Mine d'exercice selon une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que le circuit oscillant passif (5) est formé par une sérigraphie d'une peinture conductrice.5-Exercise mine according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the passive oscillating circuit (5) is produced in the form of a flexible printed circuit fixed to the mine. β-Exercise mine according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the passive oscillating circuit (5) is formed by a screen printing of a conductive paint.
7-Mine d'exercice selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que la sérigraphie est portée par une étiquette (4) collée à la mine.7-Exercise mine according to claim 6, characterized in that the screen printing is carried by a label (4) stuck to the mine.
8-Dispositif de programmation d'une mine selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un circuit oscillant actif qui génère un signal à fréquence et intensité réglable, circuit actif permettant de déterminer la fréquence d'oscillation du circuit passif (5) porté par la mine, et comportant un commutateur permettant de commander la génération d'un signal de puissance à cette fréquence d'oscillation, signal destiné à faire fondre un fusible (19) solidaire du circuit oscillant passif (5) de la mine.8-A mine programming device according to claim 3, characterized in that it comprises an active oscillating circuit which generates a signal with adjustable frequency and intensity, active circuit making it possible to determine the oscillation frequency of the passive circuit (5 ) carried by the mine, and comprising a switch making it possible to control the generation of a power signal at this frequency oscillation, signal intended to melt a fuse (19) integral with the passive oscillating circuit (5) of the mine.
9-Dispositif de simulation de l'action d'une mine, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens de détection d'au moins un circuit oscillant passif porté par une mine d'exercice, moyens comportant au moins un circuit oscillant actif (11,12,13) .9-Device for simulating the action of a mine, characterized in that it comprises means for detecting at least one passive oscillating circuit carried by a practice mine, means comprising at least one active oscillating circuit ( 11,12,13).
10-Dispositif de simulation selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de détection comportent au moins une bobine réceptrice (41) couplée à des moyens d'amplification (40) et à un filtre passe bande (38) .10-Simulation device according to claim 9, characterized in that the detection means comprise at least one receiving coil (41) coupled to amplification means (40) and to a band pass filter (38).
11-Dispositif de simulation selon une des revendications 9 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de détection comportent au moins deux circuits oscillants actifs (lia, 12a, 13a et 11b, 12b,13b) , chaque circuit étant accordé ou accordable sur une fréquence propre différente, permettant ainsi de détecter et distinguer au moins deux circuits passifs (5) portés par deux mines d'exercice différentes.11-Simulation device according to one of claims 9 or 10, characterized in that the detection means comprise at least two active oscillating circuits (lia, 12a, 13a and 11b, 12b, 13b), each circuit being tuned or tunable on a different natural frequency, thus making it possible to detect and distinguish at least two passive circuits (5) carried by two different exercise mines.
12-Dispositif de simulation selon une des revendications 9 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que le circuit oscillant actif12-Simulation device according to one of claims 9 or 10, characterized in that the active oscillating circuit
(28,29) est conçu de façon à pouvoir délivrer un signal à une fréquence vobulée dans une bande de fréquence donnée de façon à permettre la détection d'au moins deux circuits passifs portés par deux mines d'exercice différentes. 13-Dispositif de simulation suivant une des revendications(28,29) is designed so as to be able to deliver a signal at a swept frequency in a given frequency band so as to allow the detection of at least two passive circuits carried by two different exercise mines. 13-Simulation device according to one of the claims
9 à 12, caractérisé en ce que le circuit oscillant actif9 to 12, characterized in that the active oscillating circuit
(11,12,13) ou le filtre (38) est relié à un détecteur de variation (14) dont le seuil de sensibilité est déterminé de façon à détecter un positionnement de ce circuit oscillant actif à une distance donnée d'un circuit oscillant passif (5) solidaire d'une mine.(11,12,13) or the filter (38) is connected to a variation detector (14) whose sensitivity threshold is determined so as to detect a positioning of this active oscillating circuit at a given distance from an oscillating circuit passive (5) attached to a mine.
14-Dispositif de simulation suivant la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que le détecteur de variation (14) commande un moyen de signalisation (16,18). 15-Dispositif de simulation suivant une des revendications 13 ou 14, caractérisé en ce que le détecteur de variation (14) commande l'émission d'un signal de puissance par le circuit oscillant actif, signal destiné à faire fondre le ou les fusibles (19) solidaires du circuit oscillant passif (5) porté par la mine.14-Simulation device according to claim 13, characterized in that the variation detector (14) controls a signaling means (16,18). 15-Simulation device according to one of claims 13 or 14, characterized in that the variation detector (14) controls the emission of a power signal by the active oscillating circuit, signal intended to melt the or the fuses (19) integral with the passive oscillating circuit (5) carried by the mine.
16-Dispositif de simulation suivant une des revendications 13 à 15 et adapté à un véhicule, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de signalisation comprennent des moyens de coupure (18) placés dans un circuit d'alimentation en énergie du véhicule, le détecteur de variation (14) actionnant ces moyens de façon à commander l'arrêt du véhicule.16-Simulation device according to one of claims 13 to 15 and adapted to a vehicle, characterized in that the signaling means comprise cut-off means (18) placed in a power supply circuit of the vehicle, the variation detector (14) actuating these means so as to control the stopping of the vehicle.
17-Dispositif de simulation suivant une des revendications 13 à 16, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un dispositif de contrôle (20) d'au moins une durée d'activité d'une mine d'exercice, dispositif comportant une horloge (21) et au moins une mémoire ou registre (22) destiné à recevoir au moins un nombre représentatif d'une durée d'activité, ce dispositif de contrôle commandant des moyens interrupteurs (24) de façon à interdire la commande des moyens de signalisation (16,18) par le détecteur de variation (14) lorsque la durée d'activité associée à cette mine détectée est écoulée. 18-Dispositif de simulation suivant la revendication 17 et destiné à être mis en oeuvre avec une mine selon la re¬ vendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un dispositif de contrôle (20) d'au moins deux durées d'activité d'une mine d'exercice, dispositif comportant des moyens permettant de déterminer la fréquence d'accord du circuit passif détecté et d'associer à cette fréquence l'une des durées d'activité mises en mémoires (22a,22b) de façon à interdire la commande des moyens de signalisation par le détecteur de variation lorsque la durée d'activité associée à la mine détectée est écoulée.17-Simulation device according to one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that it comprises a control device (20) of at least one duration of activity of an exercise mine, device comprising a clock (21 ) and at least one memory or register (22) intended to receive at least a number representative of a duration of activity, this control device controlling switch means (24) so as to prohibit the control of the signaling means (16 , 18) by the variation detector (14) when the duration of activity associated with this detected mine has elapsed. 18-Simulation device according to claim 17 and intended to be implemented with a mine according to re¬ vendication 3, characterized in that it comprises a control device (20) of at least two durations of activity d '' an exercise mine, device comprising means making it possible to determine the tuning frequency of the passive circuit detected and to associate with this frequency one of the durations of activity stored (22a, 22b) so as to prohibit control of the signaling means by the variation detector when the duration of activity associated with the detected mine has elapsed.
19-Dispositif de simulation selon une des revendications 9 à 17 et adapté à un véhicule, caractérisé en ce que le circuit oscillant actif comporte une bobine fixée à une partie avant du véhicule et isolée de celui ci par un écran en un matériau à forte perméabilité magnétique et forte ré- sistivité.19-Simulation device according to one of claims 9 to 17 and adapted to a vehicle, characterized in that the active oscillating circuit comprises a coil fixed to a front part of the vehicle and isolated from it by a screen made of a material with high permeability magnetic and strong resistivity.
20-Dispositif de simulation d'une opération de déminage caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un générateur (13) d'un signal à une fréquence déterminée, ce signal ayant une intensité choisie de façon à faire fondre le ou les fusibles20-Device for simulating a demining operation characterized in that it comprises a generator (13) of a signal at a determined frequency, this signal having an intensity chosen so as to melt the fuse (s)
(19) solidaires d'un circuit oscillant passif (5) porté par une mine d'exercice. (19) integral with a passive oscillating circuit (5) carried by an exercise mine.
EP96902318A 1995-02-10 1996-01-31 Practice mine, programming device therefor, and simulation device using said mine Expired - Lifetime EP0755502B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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FR9501580 1995-02-10
FR9501580A FR2730557B1 (en) 1995-02-10 1995-02-10 EXERCISE MINE, PROGRAMMING DEVICE, AND SIMULATION DEVICE IMPLEMENTING SUCH A MINE
PCT/FR1996/000165 WO1996024818A1 (en) 1995-02-10 1996-01-31 Practice mine, programming device therefor, and simulation device using said mine

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AT (1) ATE199977T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69612149T2 (en)
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US5801322A (en) 1998-09-01
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FR2730557A1 (en) 1996-08-14
ES2155183T3 (en) 2001-05-01
ATE199977T1 (en) 2001-04-15
FR2730557B1 (en) 1997-04-11
NO964288L (en) 1996-10-09
EP0755502B1 (en) 2001-03-21
NO964288D0 (en) 1996-10-09
DE69612149T2 (en) 2001-07-19

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