EP0750683A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zum beeinflussen von mass- und formänderungen beim härten von werkstücken - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zum beeinflussen von mass- und formänderungen beim härten von werkstückenInfo
- Publication number
- EP0750683A1 EP0750683A1 EP95912245A EP95912245A EP0750683A1 EP 0750683 A1 EP0750683 A1 EP 0750683A1 EP 95912245 A EP95912245 A EP 95912245A EP 95912245 A EP95912245 A EP 95912245A EP 0750683 A1 EP0750683 A1 EP 0750683A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- workpieces
- mandrel fixture
- mandrel
- hardening
- fixture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000739 chaotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
- C21D9/0025—Supports; Baskets; Containers; Covers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/32—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for gear wheels, worm wheels, or the like
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for influencing dimensional and shape changes when hardening, in particular, rotationally symmetrical workpieces.
- Hardness refers to a heat treatment in which the workpiece is cooled in a quenching medium, starting from the hardening temperature with an austenitic structure, in such a way that martensite is formed.
- warpage occurs, which can be subdivided into an unavoidable proportion resulting from structural changes and an avoidable proportion which depends on process-specific circumstances.
- the workpieces are placed on mechanical aids with a predetermined diameter immediately after carburizing and cooled in the quenching medium. In the course of this cooling, the workpieces shrink to this diameter with plastic and elastic deformation.
- dome fixtures are used in the context of the present invention.
- the object of the present invention is to simplify and reduce the cost of the known methods for influencing dimensional and shape changes during hardening using dome fixings.
- a method for influencing dimensional and shape changes during the hardening of workpieces according to the generic term, which comprises the process steps: stacking the workpieces on the mandrel fixture, carburizing and quenching the workpieces located on the mandrel fixture, and removing the workpieces from the Dornfixtur is marked.
- the proposed method is associated with a number of valuable advantages.
- the hardness results are highly reproducible. No complicated handling of the parts in the furnace is required. Due to the simplified process sequence, simpler and therefore cheaper ovens can be used.
- the furnaces can easily be loaded automatically. Different parts can be produced in a single batch of furnace. As a result of the simplification, there is great potential for savings compared to the previous costs of heat treatment.
- a mechanical aid according to the invention for hardening workpieces that shrink in a quenching medium to a predetermined diameter with plastic and elastic deformation consists in the fact that this aid is a mandrel fixture that does not carburize when the workpieces are carburized. Accordingly, the surface of the mandrel fixture is not converted into a hardness structure
- the coating can preferably be produced by nickel plating or copper plating.
- a thorn fixture with a high resistance to aging is characterized by the fact that it is made from a high-alloy steel.
- the process is based on the knowledge that time and cost savings when hardening workpieces in ongoing production can be achieved if the individual work steps: carburizing the workpieces, stacking the workpieces on the mandrel fixture and quenching with plastic and elastic deformation of the workpieces , can be combined with one another in a process sequence.
- the hardening process according to the invention is composed of the steps: stacking the workpieces on a mandrel fixture, carburizing and quenching the workpieces.
- the mandrel fixture and the workpieces to be hardened are hardened brought temperature. When quenching under oil, the workpieces shrink onto the mandrel fixture.
- the mandrel fixture takes longer to quench (to the oil temperature). Because of the difference in volume due to the temperature gradient between the workpieces and the mandrel fixture, the workpieces initially shrink - with predominantly plastic deformation - to a larger diameter of the mandrel fixture. As the cooling continues, the diameter of the mandrel fixture decreases, with the workpiece following this change in diameter. In this section of the process, plastic deformation can again take place, which, however, is significantly less, measured in terms of the proportion of plastic deformation in the first process step. In order to keep the workpieces flat during quenching, it is advantageous to weight the workpieces with a weight after stacking them on the mandrel fixture. After the final quenching of the workpieces, the mandrel fixture shrinks to its original size, so that the workpieces can be easily removed from the mandrel fixture.
- the proposed method requires a mandrel fixture that does not carburize when the workpieces are carburized. H. there is no conversion of the surface of the mandrel fixture into a hardness structure. To prevent this carburizing of the mandrel fixture, it can be nickel-plated or copper-plated, for example. As an alternative to this, the mandrel fixture can be made from a high-alloy steel which does not follow the process of conversion into a hardness structure.
- both a nickel-plated and copper-plated surface of the mandrel fixture and a mandrel fixture made of a high-alloy steel have shown excellent aging resistance in practical applications.
- the advantages of the method according to the invention are that the hardness results are very reproducible.
- the elaborate handling of the workpieces in the furnace, as is sometimes the case with the known methods, is eliminated.
- Simpler and therefore cheaper ovens can be used.
- the loading of the furnaces can be automated with simple means. A chaotic production of different parts in one furnace batch is possible.
- the process is characterized by a high saving potential.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4408924 | 1994-03-16 | ||
DE4408924A DE4408924A1 (de) | 1994-03-16 | 1994-03-16 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Beeinflussen von Maß- und Formänderungen beim Härten von Werkstücken |
PCT/EP1995/000913 WO1995025182A1 (de) | 1994-03-16 | 1995-03-11 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum beeinflussen von mass- und formänderungen beim härten von werkstücken |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0750683A1 true EP0750683A1 (de) | 1997-01-02 |
EP0750683B1 EP0750683B1 (de) | 1998-11-11 |
Family
ID=6512943
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95912245A Expired - Lifetime EP0750683B1 (de) | 1994-03-16 | 1995-03-11 | Verfahren zum beeinflussen von mass- und formänderungen beim härten von werkstücken |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0750683B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH09510261A (de) |
KR (1) | KR970701794A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE173300T1 (de) |
BR (1) | BR9507081A (de) |
DE (2) | DE4408924A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2124537T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1995025182A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103032069B (zh) * | 2012-10-22 | 2015-01-14 | 安徽省皖江机电设备制造有限公司 | 一种采煤机截齿的生产方法 |
CN103447758A (zh) * | 2013-07-18 | 2013-12-18 | 陕西奥邦锻造有限公司 | 一种截齿硬质合金钎焊和热处理一体化的工艺方法 |
CN112522499B (zh) * | 2020-11-11 | 2022-08-02 | 中国航发中传机械有限公司 | 一种航空用斜幅板圆柱齿轮的热处理方法 |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3177563A (en) * | 1960-06-28 | 1965-04-13 | Laval Turbine | Method of treating gears and the like |
US4212690A (en) * | 1979-03-23 | 1980-07-15 | Nasa | Heat treat fixture and method of heat treating |
CH647811A5 (de) * | 1981-06-19 | 1985-02-15 | Maag Zahnraeder & Maschinen Ag | Verfahren zur verringerung des haerteverzugs beim einsatzhaerten grosser zahnkraenze aus stahl und hierfuer geeigneter stuetzkoerper. |
FR2593192B1 (fr) * | 1986-01-20 | 1992-01-24 | Stein Heurtey | Installation de chauffage et de trempe sous presse de pieces metalliques |
DE3906217C1 (en) * | 1989-02-28 | 1989-11-23 | Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft, 7000 Stuttgart, De | Rod- or ring-shaped workpiece-adapted receiving device for rotationally symmetrical workpieces |
DE4133799A1 (de) * | 1990-10-15 | 1992-04-16 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum beeinflussen von mass- und formaenderungen beim haerten von werkstuecken |
-
1994
- 1994-03-16 DE DE4408924A patent/DE4408924A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1995
- 1995-03-11 AT AT95912245T patent/ATE173300T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-03-11 BR BR9507081A patent/BR9507081A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-03-11 DE DE59504224T patent/DE59504224D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-03-11 KR KR1019960704868A patent/KR970701794A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-03-11 ES ES95912245T patent/ES2124537T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-03-11 EP EP95912245A patent/EP0750683B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-03-11 JP JP7523826A patent/JPH09510261A/ja active Pending
- 1995-03-11 WO PCT/EP1995/000913 patent/WO1995025182A1/de active IP Right Grant
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9525182A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2124537T3 (es) | 1999-02-01 |
DE59504224D1 (de) | 1998-12-17 |
KR970701794A (ko) | 1997-04-12 |
ATE173300T1 (de) | 1998-11-15 |
EP0750683B1 (de) | 1998-11-11 |
DE4408924A1 (de) | 1995-09-21 |
JPH09510261A (ja) | 1997-10-14 |
BR9507081A (pt) | 1997-09-16 |
WO1995025182A1 (de) | 1995-09-21 |
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