EP0745709B1 - Flax fiber lint and preparation method - Google Patents

Flax fiber lint and preparation method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0745709B1
EP0745709B1 EP95490033A EP95490033A EP0745709B1 EP 0745709 B1 EP0745709 B1 EP 0745709B1 EP 95490033 A EP95490033 A EP 95490033A EP 95490033 A EP95490033 A EP 95490033A EP 0745709 B1 EP0745709 B1 EP 0745709B1
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Prior art keywords
fibers
flax
length
rotor
fibres
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0745709A1 (en
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Stéphane Pinilo
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DE TEILLAGE DU NEUBOURG SC
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DE TEILLAGE DU NEUBOURG SC
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G13/00—Mixing, e.g. blending, fibres; Mixing non-fibrous materials with fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G9/00—Opening or cleaning fibres, e.g. scutching cotton
    • D01G9/06—Opening or cleaning fibres, e.g. scutching cotton by means of toothed members

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to flax fluff fiber which is intended to be spun on cotton-type spinning looms. It relates to also a process specially designed for the preparation of such a flax fiber.
  • the spinning of textile fibers includes, in terms of processes and technologies, very large differences depending on the nature of the materials first which are brought into play. We classically distinguish preparation and cotton type spinning or more generally short fibers and the preparation and spinning of the wool type or generally long fibers.
  • the linen industry is still distinguished from these two main types, due to the specificity of the structure of the flax textile fiber, this being composed of technical fibers consisting of fiber assemblies elementaries linked together by natural cements and materials encrusting. As a result, the linen industry has historically implemented its own preparation and spinning circuit, including in particular spinning wet and spinning dry.
  • the flax fibers leaving the circuit preparation operations of the flax type are in no way suitable for being spun in the majority blend or pure on spinning looms of the wool or cotton type. Considering the very high productivity of cotton-type spinning looms, compared to those of the linen type, this presents a major drawback for flax.
  • Cottonization of flax fibers go through different means mechanical, including cutting to length and mechanical action.
  • the purpose of cutting to length is to give the flax fiber a length that is comparable to that of cotton.
  • the purpose of mechanical action is to partially dissociate the elementary fibers composing the fibers techniques. It is in particular implemented with opener which are machines fitted with rotating drums fitted with spikes which attack technical flax fibers.
  • the aim sought by the applicant is to offer flax fibers in fluff which are suitable for being spun on spinning looms of the type cotton in majority blend or pure.
  • flax fibers the invention which are characterized by a height of the order of 18 to 21mm, by their percentage of fibers less than 10mm of the order of 10 to 12% and by the fact that 50% of said fibers have a length which is greater at 13mm.
  • flax fibers of the invention are quite comparable to what is obtained for conventional cotton, for example Russian cotton of the PAVLON type. Through against the height of the fibers is, in this case, significantly greater than that of the Russian cotton in question.
  • the flax fibers in fluff according to the invention are characterized by the fact that on the order of 20 to 30% of these fibers have a length greater than 40mm.
  • This process involves treating fibers from tow scutching or flax all fibers, by operations following main: carding, doubling, stretching, cutting to length of the order of 50mm, and pneumatic pre-opening by passing through a fan typically open blades, the method includes a pneumatic opening operation by passage in an installation comprising two lined food cylinders needles, a perforated rotor fitted with blowing needles and a volute so that the fiber flakes from the open-bladed fan pass between the two food cylinders rotating in opposite directions slightly different speeds are detached from the fastest cylinder by the rotor lining, are opened by the air blown through the rotor and projected towards the exit of the volute.
  • the method of the invention is characterized by the implementation on the one hand, operations which are classic in the preparation circuit traditional linen, namely carding, doubling and stretching, on the other hand cut to length operation and a pneumatic pre-opening operation which are conventional in the techniques of cottonization of linen and thirdly a specific operation pneumatic opening which is not usually implemented works in the linen circuit.
  • flax flax having, from a cut to length of the order of 50mm, the claimed characteristics as to the height of the fibers, the percentage of fibers smaller than 10mm and the fact that 50% of these fibers have a length greater than 13mm.
  • the pneumatic pre-opening is done by passing in an open-blade fan whose turbine speed is between 1500 and 3000rpm.
  • the flax fibers of the invention have a fiber height of the order of 18 to 21mm, a percentage of fibers of length less than 10mm of the order of 10 to 12%; Moreover 50% of these fibers have a length greater than 13mm.
  • height in the present invention, is the term which is commonly used in the linen industry to designate the average length of the fibers weighted or proportioned by the section of said fibers. For example, for a sample of three fibers having length l 1 , l 2 and l 3 respectively and for section a 1 , a 2 and a 3 , the height of the fibers in this sample is equal to (l 1 a 1 + l 2 a 2 + l 3 a 3 ) / (a 1 + a 2 + a 3 ). The height is therefore different from the arithmetic mean length which would be (l 1 + l 2 + l 3 ) / 3.
  • the flax fibers in fluff had a 19.5mm high, a percentage of fibers of length less than 10mm equal to 11.4; in addition 50% of these fibers were 14.0mm.
  • the preparation process specially implemented for obtaining flax fibers in fluff according to the invention comprises carding, doubling, stretching, cutting operations to a length of around 50mm, pneumatic pre-opening and opening pneumatic.
  • Carding, doubling and stretching operations are traditionally used in preparation circuits, from a few types, short fibers, long fibers or linen. Their number and importance can be determined by the operator based on the starting material, depending on whether it is fibers from scutching tows or a flax type circuit with all fibers or that it is a mixture fibers from these two sources.
  • the fibers coming from scutching tows, carding takes place on a linen type card in one passage from which a carding ribbon is obtained, in pots, from 20 to 25g / m.
  • the doubling and stretching take place by successive passes on a doubling machine drawing machine type GN4, which regulates the ribbon coming out at around 20g / m.
  • the cutting operation is carried out continuously on equipment of the type cutter, in which blades cut to length a sheet of ribbons previously pinched.
  • the theoretical adjustment of the cut is fixed at approximately 50mm, knowing that length irregularities can possibly occur due to variations in ribbon thickness, lack of fiber control during passage or blade wear. Of such irregularities, which cause the formation of fibers having a length slightly greater than 50mm are not unacceptable in the process of the invention.
  • the pneumatic pre-opening operation is done by passing the fibers thus cut in a fan with open blades.
  • the fibers are fed radially by the suction circuit which opens at the axis of rotation of the turbine. They enter the blades open and are projected, during the rotation thereof, towards the discharge circuit.
  • the fibers are therefore mixed by the blades fan straight, stirring which allows pneumatic pre-opening of said fibers.
  • the rotation speed of the blades is 1500 at 3000 rpm.
  • the pneumatic opening operation proper which follows passing through the fan with open blades, is carried out in a installation 1, as illustrated in the appended figure.
  • Installation 1 comprises two coated food cylinders 2,3 an outer lining 4, a perforated blower rotor 5 coated with a exterior trim and volute 6.
  • the two food cylinders are arranged in the immediate vicinity of the rotor 5 and the volute 6 forms an envelope around the rotor 5, said envelope having, in the direction of rotation of the rotor 5, a spacing of more more important with respect to the periphery 5 a of the rotor 5 and ending with a discharge pipe 7.
  • the rotor 5 has on its periphery 5 has a lining 8.
  • the two food cylinders rotate in opposite directions, one of the other, at slightly different speeds.
  • the operation of the installation 1 is as follows. Fibers cut and pre-opened from the fan, under the in the form of flakes, are fed into a hopper 9 located above the two food cylinders 2,3, with a horizontal axis. The flakes lying in the lower part of the hopper 9 are received by the lining 4 of the food cylinders 2,3 and directed towards the rotor 5. The fibers constituting the flakes are detached from the fastest cylinder by the lining 8 of the rotor 5.
  • the periphery 5 a of the rotor 5 has air passage openings, a blowing installation allowing the supply of a continuous air flow inside said rotor 5.
  • the fibers which have been detached from the food cylinder 3 by the lining 8 of the rotor 5 are detached from said lining by the blown air passing through the rotor 5 and are projected through the volute 6 to the discharge pipe 7.
  • significant opening of the fibers are much higher than the speed of rotation of the two food cylinders 2, 3.
  • Flax fibers fluffed at the outlet of the discharge pipe are possibly compacted in a press to follow the circuit normal cotton spinning.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Compounds Of Unknown Constitution (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Abstract

The tufts of flax fibres, to be spun like cotton as a mixture mainly of linen or alone, are of 18-21 mm. The fibres shorter than 10 mm form 10-12%, and the fibres longer than 13 mm form 50% of the fibres.

Description

La présente invention concerne de la fibre de lin en bourre qui est destinée à être filée sur des métiers de filature du type coton. Elle concerne également un procédé spécialement conçu pour la préparation d'une telle fibre de lin en bourre.The present invention relates to flax fluff fiber which is intended to be spun on cotton-type spinning looms. It relates to also a process specially designed for the preparation of such a flax fiber.

La filature des fibres textiles comporte, sur le plan des procédés et technologies , de très grandes différences selon la nature des matières premières qui sont mises en jeu. On distingue classiquement la préparation et la filature du type coton ou plus généralement des fibres courtes et la préparation et la filature du type laine ou généralement des fibres longues. L'industrie linière se distingue encore par rapport à ces deux grands types, du fait de la spécificité de la structure de la fibre textile de lin, celle-ci étant composée de fibres techniques consistant dans des assemblages de fibres élémentaires liées entre-elles par des ciments naturels et des matières incrustantes. De ce fait l'industrie linière a historiquement mis en place son propre circuit de préparation et de filature , avec notamment la filature au mouillé et la filature au sec.The spinning of textile fibers includes, in terms of processes and technologies, very large differences depending on the nature of the materials first which are brought into play. We classically distinguish preparation and cotton type spinning or more generally short fibers and the preparation and spinning of the wool type or generally long fibers. The linen industry is still distinguished from these two main types, due to the specificity of the structure of the flax textile fiber, this being composed of technical fibers consisting of fiber assemblies elementaries linked together by natural cements and materials encrusting. As a result, the linen industry has historically implemented its own preparation and spinning circuit, including in particular spinning wet and spinning dry.

Les fibres de lin sortant des opérations de préparation du circuit du type lin ne sont en aucun cas aptes à être filées en mélange majoritaire ou en pur sur des métiers de filature du type laine ou du type coton. Compte-tenu de la très grande productivité des métiers de filature du type coton, comparativement à ceux du type lin, ceci présente un inconvénient majeur pour le lin.The flax fibers leaving the circuit preparation operations of the flax type are in no way suitable for being spun in the majority blend or pure on spinning looms of the wool or cotton type. Considering the very high productivity of cotton-type spinning looms, compared to those of the linen type, this presents a major drawback for flax.

L'institut Textile de France et l'ATPUL ont cherché à mettre en place un circuit de préparation des fibres de lin les rendant aptes à être filées sur des métiers de filature du type coton On a pour cela réalisé ce que l'on dénomme couramment du lin cotonisé. Compte-Rendu de la réunion du 17 juin 1976 intitulé "Préparation du lin pour la filature "Fibres Courtes". La cotonisation des fibres de lin passe par différents moyens d'ordre mécanique, notamment la coupe à longueur et l'action mécanique. La coupe à longueur a pour but de donner à la fibre de lin une longueur qui soit comparable à celle du coton. L'action mécanique a pour but de dissocier partiellement les fibres élémentaires composant les fibres techniques. Elle est notamment mise en oeuvre avec des ouvreuses qui sont des machines équipées de tambours tournants garnis de pointes qui attaquent les fibres techniques de lin.The Textile Institute of France and ATPUL sought to set up a preparation circuit flax fibers making them suitable for being spun on spinning looms of the cotton type We have therefore achieved what is commonly called cottonized linen. Minutes of the meeting of June 17, 1976 entitled "Preparation of flax for spinning" Short Fibers ". Cottonization of flax fibers go through different means mechanical, including cutting to length and mechanical action. The purpose of cutting to length is to give the flax fiber a length that is comparable to that of cotton. The purpose of mechanical action is to partially dissociate the elementary fibers composing the fibers techniques. It is in particular implemented with opener which are machines fitted with rotating drums fitted with spikes which attack technical flax fibers.

A la connaissance du demandeur, toutes les techniques actuelles de cotonisation du lin ont permis uniquement l'utilisation des fibres de lin cotonisé en mélange minoritaire lors de la filature sur des métiers à filer du type coton.To the knowledge of the applicant, all current techniques of cottonization of flax allowed only the use of flax fibers cottonized in a minority blend during spinning on spinning looms cotton type.

Le but visé par le demandeur est de proposer des fibres de lin en bourre qui soient aptes à être filées sur des métiers de filature du type coton en mélange majoritaire ou en pur.The aim sought by the applicant is to offer flax fibers in fluff which are suitable for being spun on spinning looms of the type cotton in majority blend or pure.

Ce but est parfaitement atteint par les fibres de lin en bourre de l'invention qui sont caractérisées par une hauteur de l'ordre de 18 à 21mm, par leur pourcentage de fibres inférieures à 10mm de l'ordre de 10 à 12% et par le fait que 50% desdites fibres ont une longueur qui est supérieure à 13mm.This goal is perfectly achieved by flax fibers the invention which are characterized by a height of the order of 18 to 21mm, by their percentage of fibers less than 10mm of the order of 10 to 12% and by the fact that 50% of said fibers have a length which is greater at 13mm.

Les études comparatives faites par le demandeur avec d'autres techniques de cotonisation ont montré que les fibres de lin cotonisé actuelles avaient une hauteur nettement inférieure à la fourchette préconisée de l'ordre de 18 à 21mm, étant notamment comprise entre 12 et 16mm. De même le demandeur a constaté que pour les autres techniques de cotonisation , le pourcentage de fibres inférieures à 10mm était beaucoup plus élevé que la fourchette de 10 à 12% préconisée, pouvant aller de 17 à 30%. Enfin le demandeur a constaté qu'avec les autres techniques de cotonisation, la répartition de longueur des fibres obtenues était telle que 50% de ces fibres avaient une longueur qui était nettement inférieure à 13%, pouvant être compris entre 10 et environ 12%.Comparative studies made by the applicant with others cottonization techniques have shown that cottonized flax fibers had a height well below the range recommended in the range of 18 to 21mm, being in particular between 12 and 16mm. Similarly, the plaintiff found that for the others cottonization techniques, the percentage of fibers less than 10mm was much higher than the recommended 10-12% range, which can range from 17 to 30%. Finally, the applicant has noted that with the other cottonization techniques, fiber length distribution was obtained such that 50% of these fibers had a length which was significantly less than 13%, which can be between 10 and about 12%.

Il est remarquable que les deux derniers paramètres précités des fibres de lin de l'invention sont tout-à-fait comparable à ce qui est obtenu pour un coton classique, par exemple un coton russe du type PAVLON. Par contre la hauteur des fibres est, dans ce cas , notablement supérieure à celle du coton russe en question. It is remarkable that the last two parameters mentioned above flax fibers of the invention are quite comparable to what is obtained for conventional cotton, for example Russian cotton of the PAVLON type. Through against the height of the fibers is, in this case, significantly greater than that of the Russian cotton in question.

De préférence, les fibres de lin en bourre selon l'invention sont caractérisées par le fait que de l'ordre de 20 à 30% de ces fibres ont une longueur supérieure à 40mm.Preferably, the flax fibers in fluff according to the invention are characterized by the fact that on the order of 20 to 30% of these fibers have a length greater than 40mm.

Avec de telles fibres de lin en bourre, il a été possible de filer sur des métiers classiques de filature du type coton des fils ayant un numéro métrique compris entre 6,5 et 12 à très forte majorité de lin et même des fils de lin pur, ce qui était totalement exclu avec les fibres de lin obtenues par les techniques de cotonisation actuelles.Les fils de lin pur et les fils ayant le plus grand pourcentage en lin sont obtenus avec des fibres de lin en bourre selon l'invention, ayant les plus forts pourcentages de fibres de longueur proche de la longueur de coupe, c'est-à-dire proche de 50mm.With such flax fibers, it was possible to spin on classic cotton-type spinning looms of yarns with a number metric between 6.5 and 12 with a very strong majority of linen and even pure linen yarn, which was totally excluded with the flax fibers obtained by current cottonization techniques. Pure linen yarn and yarn having the highest percentage of flax are obtained with flax fibers fluff according to the invention, having the highest percentages of fibers length close to the cutting length, i.e. close to 50mm.

C'est un autre objet de l'invention que de proposer un procédé de préparation des fibres de lin en bourre précitées.It is another object of the invention to propose a method of preparation of the aforementioned flax fibers.

Ce procédé consiste à traiter des fibres provenant d'étoupes de teillage ou de lin toutes fibres, par les opérations principales suivantes : cardage, doublage, étirage, coupe à une longueur de l'ordre de 50mm, et préouverture pneumatique par passage dans un ventilateur à pales ouvertes de manière caractéristique, le procédé comporte une opération d'ouverture pneumatique par passage dans une installation comportant deux cylindres alimentaires garnis d'aiguilles , un rotor perforé garni d'aiguilles soufflant et une volute en sorte que les flocons de fibres provenant du ventilateur à pales ouvertes passent entre les deux cylindres alimentaires tournant en sens inverse à des vitesses légèrement différentes sont détachés du cylindre le plus rapide par la garniture du rotor, sont ouverts par l'air soufflé au travers du rotor et projetés vers la sortie de la volute.This process involves treating fibers from tow scutching or flax all fibers, by operations following main: carding, doubling, stretching, cutting to length of the order of 50mm, and pneumatic pre-opening by passing through a fan typically open blades, the method includes a pneumatic opening operation by passage in an installation comprising two lined food cylinders needles, a perforated rotor fitted with blowing needles and a volute so that the fiber flakes from the open-bladed fan pass between the two food cylinders rotating in opposite directions slightly different speeds are detached from the fastest cylinder by the rotor lining, are opened by the air blown through the rotor and projected towards the exit of the volute.

Ainsi, le procédé de l'invention se caractérise par la mise en oeuvre d'une part d'opérations qui sont classiques dans le circuit de préparation du lin traditionnel, à savoir cardage, doublage et étirage, d'autre part une opération de coupe à longueur et une opération de préouverture pneumatique qui sont classiques dans les techniques de cotonisation du lin et en troisième part une opération spécifique d'ouverture par voie pneumatique qui n'est pas habituellement mise en oeuvre dans le circuit du lin.Thus, the method of the invention is characterized by the implementation on the one hand, operations which are classic in the preparation circuit traditional linen, namely carding, doubling and stretching, on the other hand cut to length operation and a pneumatic pre-opening operation which are conventional in the techniques of cottonization of linen and thirdly a specific operation pneumatic opening which is not usually implemented works in the linen circuit.

C'est cette combinaison d'opérations qui permet d'obtenir les fibres de lin en bourre ayant , à partir d'une coupe à longueur de l'ordre de 50mm, les caractéristiques revendiquées quant à la hauteur des fibres , le pourcentage de fibres inférieures à 10mm et le fait que 50% de ces fibres ont une longueur supérieure à 13mm.It is this combination of operations which makes it possible to obtain the fibers. flax flax having, from a cut to length of the order of 50mm, the claimed characteristics as to the height of the fibers, the percentage of fibers smaller than 10mm and the fact that 50% of these fibers have a length greater than 13mm.

Avantageusement la préouverture pneumatique se fait par passage dans un ventilateur à pales ouvertes dont la vitesse de la turbine est comprise entre 1500 et 3000t/mn.Advantageously, the pneumatic pre-opening is done by passing in an open-blade fan whose turbine speed is between 1500 and 3000rpm.

La présente invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va être faite d'un exemple de fibres de lin en bourre selon l'invention et de leur procédé de fabrication, illustré par le dessin annexé dans lequel la figure unique est une vue schématique de l'installation d'ouverture pneumatique intervenant dans la préparation desdites fibres de lin.The present invention will be better understood on reading the description which will be given of an example of flax fibers in fluff according to the invention and their manufacturing process, illustrated by the accompanying drawing in which the single figure is a schematic view of the installation pneumatic opening involved in the preparation of said fibers linen.

De manière caractéristique, les fibres de lin en bourre de l'invention ont une hauteur de fibres de l'ordre de 18 à 21mm, un pourcentage de fibres de longueur inférieure à 10mm de l'ordre de 10 à 12% ; de plus 50% de ces fibres ont une longueur supérieure à 13mm.Typically, the flax fibers of the invention have a fiber height of the order of 18 to 21mm, a percentage of fibers of length less than 10mm of the order of 10 to 12%; Moreover 50% of these fibers have a length greater than 13mm.

Le terme hauteur, dans la présente invention, est le terme qui est couramment utilisé dans l'industrie linière pour désigner la longueur moyenne des fibres pondérée ou proportionnée par la section desdites fibres. Par exemple pour un échantillon de trois fibres ayant respectivement comme longueur l1, l2 et l3 et pour section a1, a2 et a3, la hauteur des fibres de cet échantillon est égal à (l1 a1 + l2 a2 + l3 a3) / (a1 + a2 + a3) . La hauteur est donc différente de la longueur moyenne arithmétique qui serait de (l1 + l2 + l3) / 3.The term height, in the present invention, is the term which is commonly used in the linen industry to designate the average length of the fibers weighted or proportioned by the section of said fibers. For example, for a sample of three fibers having length l 1 , l 2 and l 3 respectively and for section a 1 , a 2 and a 3 , the height of the fibers in this sample is equal to (l 1 a 1 + l 2 a 2 + l 3 a 3 ) / (a 1 + a 2 + a 3 ). The height is therefore different from the arithmetic mean length which would be (l 1 + l 2 + l 3 ) / 3.

Dans un exemple précis de réalisation, dont le procédé de préparation sera explicité ci-après , les fibres de lin en bourre avaient une hauteur de 19,5mm, un pourcentage de fibres de longueur inférieure à 10mm égal à 11,4; de plus 50% de ces fibres avaient une longueur de 14,0mm.In a specific embodiment, including the method of preparation will be explained below, the flax fibers in fluff had a 19.5mm high, a percentage of fibers of length less than 10mm equal to 11.4; in addition 50% of these fibers were 14.0mm.

Le procédé de préparation spécialement mis en oeuvre pour l'obtention des fibres de lin en bourre selon l'invention comprend des opérations de cardage, de doublage, d'étirage, de coupe à une longueur de l'ordre de 50mm , de préouverture pneumatique et d'ouverture pneumatique.The preparation process specially implemented for obtaining flax fibers in fluff according to the invention comprises carding, doubling, stretching, cutting operations to a length of around 50mm, pneumatic pre-opening and opening pneumatic.

Les opérations de cardage, de doublage et étirage sont traditionnellement utilisées dans les circuits de préparation, de quelques types qu'ils soient, fibres courtes, fibres longues ou lin. Leur nombre et leur importance peuvent être déterminés par l'opérateur en fonction de la matière de départ, selon qu'il s'agit de fibres provenant d'étoupes de teillage ou d'un circuit du type lin toutes fibres ou encore qu'il s'agit d'un mélange de fibres de ces deux provenances.Carding, doubling and stretching operations are traditionally used in preparation circuits, from a few types, short fibers, long fibers or linen. Their number and importance can be determined by the operator based on the starting material, depending on whether it is fibers from scutching tows or a flax type circuit with all fibers or that it is a mixture fibers from these two sources.

Dans un exemple précis de réalisation, les fibres provenant d'étoupes de teillage, le cardage a lieu sur une carde du type lin en un seul passage d'où l'on obtient un ruban de carde, en pots , de 20 à 25g/m. Le doublage et l'étirage ont lieu par passages successifs sur une doubleuse étireuse du type GN4, qui régularise le ruban sortant à environ 20g/m.In a specific embodiment, the fibers coming from scutching tows, carding takes place on a linen type card in one passage from which a carding ribbon is obtained, in pots, from 20 to 25g / m. The doubling and stretching take place by successive passes on a doubling machine drawing machine type GN4, which regulates the ribbon coming out at around 20g / m.

L'opération de coupe est réalisée en continu sur un matériel du type massicot, dans lequel des lames coupent à longueur une nappe de rubans préalablement pincés. Le réglage théorique de la coupe est fixé à environ 50mm, sachant que des irrégularités de longueur peuvent éventuellement se produire du fait de variations d'épaisseur des rubans , du manque de contrôle des fibres lors du passage ou encore de l'usure des lames. De telles irrégularités, qui provoquent la formation de fibres ayant une longueur légèrement supérieure à 50mm ne sont pas rédhibitoires dans le procédé de l'invention.The cutting operation is carried out continuously on equipment of the type cutter, in which blades cut to length a sheet of ribbons previously pinched. The theoretical adjustment of the cut is fixed at approximately 50mm, knowing that length irregularities can possibly occur due to variations in ribbon thickness, lack of fiber control during passage or blade wear. Of such irregularities, which cause the formation of fibers having a length slightly greater than 50mm are not unacceptable in the process of the invention.

L'opération de pré-ouverture pneumatique se fait par passage des fibres ainsi coupées dans un ventilateur à pales ouvertes.The pneumatic pre-opening operation is done by passing the fibers thus cut in a fan with open blades.

Les fibres sont alimentées radialement par le circuit d'aspiration qui débouche au niveau de l'axe de rotation de la turbine. Elles pénètrent dans les pales ouvertes et sont projetées, lors de la rotation de celle-ci, vers le circuit de refoulement. On obtient ainsi un brassage des fibres par les pales droites du ventilateur, brassage qui permet une pré-ouverture pneumatique desdites fibres. De préférence, la vitesse de rotation des pales est de 1500 à 3000t/mn.The fibers are fed radially by the suction circuit which opens at the axis of rotation of the turbine. They enter the blades open and are projected, during the rotation thereof, towards the discharge circuit. The fibers are therefore mixed by the blades fan straight, stirring which allows pneumatic pre-opening of said fibers. Preferably, the rotation speed of the blades is 1500 at 3000 rpm.

L'opération d'ouverture pneumatique proprement dite, qui fait suite au passage dans le ventilateur à pales ouvertes, est réalisée dans une installation 1 , telle qu'illustrée à la figure annexée.The pneumatic opening operation proper, which follows passing through the fan with open blades, is carried out in a installation 1, as illustrated in the appended figure.

L'installation 1 comporte deux cylindres alimentaires 2,3 revêtus d'une garniture extérieure 4, un rotor perforé soufflant 5 revêtu d'une garniture extérieure et une volute 6.Installation 1 comprises two coated food cylinders 2,3 an outer lining 4, a perforated blower rotor 5 coated with a exterior trim and volute 6.

Comme cela apparaít clairement à la figure , les deux cylindres alimentaires sont disposés à proximité immédiate du rotor 5 et la volute 6 forme une enveloppe autour du rotor 5, ladite enveloppe ayant , dans le sens de la rotation du rotor 5, un écartement de plus en plus important par rapport a la périphérie 5a du rotor 5 et se terminant par une conduite d'évacuation 7.As it appears clearly in the figure, the two food cylinders are arranged in the immediate vicinity of the rotor 5 and the volute 6 forms an envelope around the rotor 5, said envelope having, in the direction of rotation of the rotor 5, a spacing of more more important with respect to the periphery 5 a of the rotor 5 and ending with a discharge pipe 7.

Le rotor 5 comporte sur sa périphérie 5a une garniture 8.The rotor 5 has on its periphery 5 has a lining 8.

Les deux cylindres alimentaires tournent en sens inverse l'un de l'autre , à des vitesses légèrement différentes .The two food cylinders rotate in opposite directions, one of the other, at slightly different speeds.

Le fonctionnement de l'installation 1 est le suivant. Les fibres coupées et pré-ouvertes provenant du ventilateur, se présentant sous la forme de flocons, sont alimentées dans une trémie 9 située au-dessus des deux cylindres alimentaires 2,3, d'axe horizontal. Les flocons se trouvant dans la partie basse de la trémie 9 sont captés par la garniture 4 des cylindres alimentaires 2,3 et dirigés vers le rotor 5. Les fibres constituant les flocons sont détachées du cylindre le plus rapide par la garniture 8 du rotor 5.The operation of the installation 1 is as follows. Fibers cut and pre-opened from the fan, under the in the form of flakes, are fed into a hopper 9 located above the two food cylinders 2,3, with a horizontal axis. The flakes lying in the lower part of the hopper 9 are received by the lining 4 of the food cylinders 2,3 and directed towards the rotor 5. The fibers constituting the flakes are detached from the fastest cylinder by the lining 8 of the rotor 5.

La périphérie 5a du rotor 5 présente des ouvertures de passage d'air, une installation de soufflage permettant l'alimentation d'un flux d'air continu à l'intérieur dudit rotor 5. Ainsi les fibres qui ont été détachées du cylindre alimentaire 3 par la garniture 8 du rotor 5 , sont détachées de ladite garniture grâce à l'air soufflé passant à travers le rotor 5 et sont projetées à travers la volute 6 jusqu'à la conduite d'évacuation 7. Lors de cette opération on obtient une ouverture importante des fibres. Bien sûr la vitesse de rotation du rotor 5 est nettement supérieure à la vitesse de rotation des deux cylindres alimentaires 2, 3.The periphery 5 a of the rotor 5 has air passage openings, a blowing installation allowing the supply of a continuous air flow inside said rotor 5. Thus the fibers which have been detached from the food cylinder 3 by the lining 8 of the rotor 5, are detached from said lining by the blown air passing through the rotor 5 and are projected through the volute 6 to the discharge pipe 7. During this operation, significant opening of the fibers. Of course the speed of rotation of the rotor 5 is much higher than the speed of rotation of the two food cylinders 2, 3.

A la sortie de la conduite d'évacuation, les fibres de lin en bourre sont éventuellement compactées dans une presse pour suivre le circuit normal de la filature coton.Flax fibers fluffed at the outlet of the discharge pipe are possibly compacted in a press to follow the circuit normal cotton spinning.

Avec les fibres de lin en bourre ainsi préparées , il a été possible de réaliser sur des métiers classiques de filature coton des fils très fortement majoritaires en lin dans la gamme de numéro métrique 6,5 à 10 et également des fils pur lin de numéro métrique 10 possédant une Rkm de 8.With the flax fibers of fluff thus prepared, it was possible to make very traditional yarns on cotton spinning looms strong majority in linen in the metric number range 6.5 to 10 and also pure linen threads of metric number 10 with an Rkm of 8.

Claims (4)

  1. Flax fibre lint, suitable for being spun on a cotton loom, characterised by a height in the region of 18 to 21 mm, by its percentage of fibres lower than 10 mm in the region of 10 to 12% and by the fact that 50% of these fibres are greater than 13 mm in length.
  2. Flax fibre lint according to claim 1, characterised by the fact that approximately 20 to 30% of these fibres are greater than 40 mm in length.
  3. Method of preparing flax lint, suitable for the preparation of flax fibre lint according to claim 1, consisting in treating fibres coming from scutching tow or all-fibre flax tow, by the following principal operations: carding, doubling, drawing, cutting to a length of approximately 50 mm, pneumatic pre-opening by passing into a fan with open blades, characterised by pneumatic opening by passing into an installation (1) comprising two feed rollers (2,3) fitted with needles, a perforated fan rotor and a volute (7) such that the fibre flakes coming from the fan with open blades pass between the two feed cylinders (2,3) turning in opposite directions and at slightly different speeds, are detached from the more rapid cylinder by the fitting (8) of the rotor (5), are opened by the air blown through the rotor (5) and hurled towards the exit of the volute (7).
  4. Method according to claim 3, characterised in that the pneumatic pre-opening takes place by passing into a fan with open blades, the speed of the turbine of which is between 1500 and 3000 rpm.
EP95490033A 1995-05-31 1995-11-30 Flax fiber lint and preparation method Expired - Lifetime EP0745709B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9506670 1995-05-31
FR9506670A FR2734846B1 (en) 1995-05-31 1995-05-31 FLAX LINED FIBERS AND METHOD OF PREPARATION

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EP0745709A1 EP0745709A1 (en) 1996-12-04
EP0745709B1 true EP0745709B1 (en) 2000-05-24

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EP95490033A Expired - Lifetime EP0745709B1 (en) 1995-05-31 1995-11-30 Flax fiber lint and preparation method

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AT (1) ATE193339T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69517159D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2734846B1 (en)

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CN105755586B (en) * 2016-05-17 2018-09-14 苏州市晨彩纺织研发有限公司 A kind of weaving coconut fibre fibre-opening unit
FR3053981B1 (en) 2016-07-13 2019-09-06 Van Robaeys Freres PROCESS FOR TREATING FLAX, LINEN AND LINEN FIBER
DE102017011741A1 (en) 2017-12-19 2019-06-19 Hanffaser Uckermark eG Process for an enzymatic-surfactant fiber pulping of bast strips
DE102022003958A1 (en) 2022-10-24 2024-04-25 Hochschule Zittau/Görlitz Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts Method for parameter-controlled microbial digestion of bast fibres

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB835215A (en) * 1955-02-17 1960-05-18 A E Callaghan & Son Ltd Improvements relating to teasing machines for textile fibres and the like
FR2133365A5 (en) * 1971-04-14 1972-11-24 Neu Sa
FR2594448B1 (en) * 1986-02-14 1988-10-07 Salmon Leon PROCESS FOR SPINNING PURE LINEN OR MIXTURE
CZ284721B6 (en) * 1993-06-30 1999-02-17 Windi Winderlich Gmbh Process of treating sclerenchyma fibers, particularly flax
JP3760587B2 (en) * 1997-09-16 2006-03-29 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Manufacturing method of refractory ERW welded square steel pipe with excellent hot-dip galvanizing crack resistance

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DE69517159D1 (en) 2000-06-29
EP0745709A1 (en) 1996-12-04
FR2734846A1 (en) 1996-12-06
FR2734846B1 (en) 1997-08-22
ATE193339T1 (en) 2000-06-15

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