EP0744530A1 - Cylinder head - Google Patents

Cylinder head Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0744530A1
EP0744530A1 EP95107781A EP95107781A EP0744530A1 EP 0744530 A1 EP0744530 A1 EP 0744530A1 EP 95107781 A EP95107781 A EP 95107781A EP 95107781 A EP95107781 A EP 95107781A EP 0744530 A1 EP0744530 A1 EP 0744530A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder head
valves
valve
internal combustion
combustion engine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP95107781A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Winfried Krebs
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
Renault SAS
Regie Nationale des Usines Renault
Original Assignee
Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
Renault SAS
Regie Nationale des Usines Renault
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG, Renault SAS, Regie Nationale des Usines Renault filed Critical Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
Priority to EP95107781A priority Critical patent/EP0744530A1/en
Priority to JP8117899A priority patent/JPH09137705A/en
Priority to KR1019960017146A priority patent/KR100405588B1/en
Publication of EP0744530A1 publication Critical patent/EP0744530A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F02F1/4214—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads specially adapted for four or more valves per cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/26—Cylinder heads having cooling means
    • F02F1/36—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F02F1/38—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling the cylinder heads being of overhead valve type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
    • F01L2001/0537—Double overhead camshafts [DOHC]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
    • F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/027—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle four
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
    • F02B2075/1804—Number of cylinders
    • F02B2075/1816—Number of cylinders four
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/18—DOHC [Double overhead camshaft]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/20—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders all in one line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/244—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/245—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads the valve stems being orientated at an angle with the cylinder axis

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cylinder head for an internal combustion engine comprising several cylinders according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a cylinder head which comprises a cover which receives the intake camshafts and the exhaust camshafts.
  • This cover which extends over the entire length of the internal combustion engine, on the one hand causes high weight and on the other hand it makes it difficult to actuate the rocker arms;
  • the assembly and accessibility to the play compensation elements for the rocker arms is also very complex.
  • the accommodation of the rocker arm rotation axes inside and outside the V-shaped cylinder head area formed by valves impairs a favorable arrangement of the spark plugs. In other words: the design principles supporting the free and sensible design of the cylinder head cannot be derived from this version.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a cylinder head for a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine of the four-stroke type, which is characterized by simple, simple and easy assembly of its components by clear, compact and also weight-optimized design.
  • the cylinder head has a clear concept in which the components such as camshaft, rocker arm, valves and spark plugs are arranged teleologically.
  • this design enables a compact, rigid and also weight-saving design.
  • the chosen one Valve angle ensures not only for a defined internal combustion engine size - e.g. 1000 cc - that drive wheels can be arranged on the two camshafts, which are driven by a single belt drive, but also that sufficient squeeze areas that support the combustion process can be provided in the combustion chamber.
  • the bearing brackets are components that are inexpensive to manufacture and hold the two camshafts securely in place.
  • a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine 1 of the four-stroke design - four cylinders approx. 1000 cc - comprises an only indicated cylinder crankcase 2 with cylinders 3 for piston 5 and a crankshaft, not shown.
  • the cylinder crankcase 2 carries a cylinder head 6, the free side 7 of which is covered with a valve cover 8.
  • an intake camshaft 11 and an exhaust camshaft 12 are arranged in the cylinder head 6 at a parallel distance from one another, their distance from a central longitudinal plane AA of the internal combustion engine 1 being approximately the same.
  • the intake camshaft 11 and the exhaust camshaft 12 actuate the intake valves 13, 13 'and exhaust valves 14, 14' arranged in the cylinder head 6 with the aid of rocker arms 15 and 16, each cam 17 of the two camshafts 11, 12 cooperates with rollers 18, ie, the rocker arms 15, 16 are so-called roller rocker arms.
  • the intake valves 13, 13 'and the exhaust valves 14, 14', per cylinder 3, two intake valves and two exhaust valves are provided, are aligned at an acute angle to a longitudinal plane BB and include a valve angle ⁇ of 30 °, which is also 29 ° or 31 °.
  • the angle ⁇ between the longitudinal plane B-B and inlet valves 13, 13 ' is 14 ° or between 13 ° 30 and 15 °.
  • the angle ⁇ between the longitudinal plane B-B and the outlet valves 14, 14 ' is 16 ° or between 15 ° 30' or 16 ° 30 '.
  • the rocker arms 15, 16 lie with their axes of rotation 19, 20 outside a V-shaped cylinder head region 21, which is defined by the angle lines 22, 23 forming the valve angle ⁇ .
  • the centers 24, 25 of the camshafts 11, 12 also assume this position.
  • spark plugs 26 are accommodated, which extend along the central longitudinal plane A-A.
  • the inlet valves 13, 13 'and the outlet valves 14, 14' comprise valve disks 27, 27 'and 28, 28', the gas flows in a combustion chamber 29 through the piston 5 - in its top dead center position - and a gable roof-shaped recess 30 in the cylinder head 6 is formed, control.
  • 6 inlet channels 31 and outlet channels 32 are incorporated in the cylinder head.
  • squeeze surfaces 34, 35 are provided, which are designed in the form of a circular section.
  • other squeeze surfaces 34 ', 35' can be effective which - seen in the longitudinal direction CC of the internal combustion engine - run between the cylinder wall 33 and the valve disks 27, 28 or 27 ', 28'.
  • the squeeze area 34 is larger than the squeeze area 35, which is achieved by the different angular positions - angle ⁇ ⁇ angle ⁇ , the different diameters of the valve plates 27> 28 and the longitudinal plane BB - the longitudinal median plane of the cylinders 3 - which is slightly shifted towards the inlet side with respect to the central longitudinal plane AA ; the distance between the central longitudinal plane AA and the central longitudinal plane BB - is identified by LD. Thanks to the crushing surfaces 34, 35 and the central in Combustion chamber 29 arranged spark plugs 26, an optimized ignitable mixture and when it burns good flame propagation is achieved.
  • spring plates 37 are provided, on which conical compression springs 38 are supported, the smaller diameter Dk of which rests on the respective spring plate 37; the larger diameter Dg is supported on a shoulder 39 of the cylinder head 6.
  • the intake camshaft 11 and the exhaust camshaft 12 are guided out of the cylinder head 6 on an end face 40 thereof and provided with drive wheels 41, 42 which are driven by means of a single belt drive 43 from the crankshaft, which is also provided with a drive wheel.
  • the belt drive 43 is a toothed belt drive.
  • the intake camshaft 11 is provided with an actuating device 44 which serves for the relative change in the rotational position — adjustment ranges ENs — of the intake camshaft 11 relative to the exhaust camshaft 12.
  • the valve timing is influenced by appropriate actuating processes.
  • the adjusting device 44 is accommodated in a hub 45 of the drive wheel 41, its adjusting ranges ENs being shown by way of example in FIG. 5.
  • the spark plug 26 is surrounded by a tubular guide sleeve 46, which rest in receptacles 47, 48 of the cylinder head 6 or the valve lift 8.
  • the intake camshaft 11 and the exhaust camshaft 12 are received on the one hand by bearing seats 49, 50 of the cylinder head 6 and on the other hand are held in position by only three spaced-apart bearing bridges 51, 52, 53 which run transversely to the longitudinal direction of the engine C-C.
  • the bearing bridges 51, 52 surround the guide sleeve 46 with a ring part 54 and are connected to the cylinder head 6 by means of screws 55, 56, 57, 58 extending on both sides of the camshafts 11, 12.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

The inlet (13) and outlet (14) valves, when viewed in cross-section of the engine, and extending from a centre longitudinal plane (A-A) of the engine, include a valve angle of between 29 and 31 degrees. The rotational axes of the roller type lift levers (15,16) lie outside the angle lines (22,23) of one cylinder region which form the valve angles. In the V-shaped cylinder head region formed by the inlet and outlet valves a spark plug (26) is provided which extends along the centre longitudinal plane.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Zylinderkopf für einen mehrere Zylinder umfassende Brennkraftmaschine nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a cylinder head for an internal combustion engine comprising several cylinders according to the preamble of claim 1.

An moderne Brennkraftmaschinen, die zum Antrieb von Kraftfahrzeugen dienen, werden vielfältige Forderungen gestellt. So wird nicht nur erwartet, daß ihr Gewicht relativ niedrig ist, sondern auch, daß sie bei guter Funktion wenig Bauraum beanspruchen und einfach herzustellen sind.A variety of demands are placed on modern internal combustion engines that serve to drive motor vehicles. So it is expected not only that their weight is relatively low, but also that they take up little space and are easy to manufacture if they function well.

Aus der DE 41 21 504 A1 ist ein Zylinderkopf bekannt, der einen Deckel umfasst, der die Einlaßnockenwellen und die Auslaßnockenwellen aufnimmt. Dieser Deckel, der sich über die gesamte Länge der Brennkraftmaschine erstreckt, verursacht zum einen hohes Gewicht und zum anderen erschwert er die Betätigung der Kipphebel; ganz sicher ist auch die Montage bzw. Zugänglichkeit zu den Spielausgleichsgliedern für die Kipphebel komplex. Schließlich beeinträchtigt die Unterbringung der Kipphebeldrehachsen innerhalb und außerhalb des durch Ventile gebildeten V-förmigen Zylinderkopfbereichs eine günstige Anordnung der Zündkerzen. Anders ausgedrückt: Die freie und sinnreiche Gestaltung des Zylinderkopfs unterstützende Konstruktionsprinzipien sind dieser Ausführung nicht zu entnehmen.From DE 41 21 504 A1 a cylinder head is known which comprises a cover which receives the intake camshafts and the exhaust camshafts. This cover, which extends over the entire length of the internal combustion engine, on the one hand causes high weight and on the other hand it makes it difficult to actuate the rocker arms; The assembly and accessibility to the play compensation elements for the rocker arms is also very complex. Finally, the accommodation of the rocker arm rotation axes inside and outside the V-shaped cylinder head area formed by valves impairs a favorable arrangement of the spark plugs. In other words: the design principles supporting the free and sensible design of the cylinder head cannot be derived from this version.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, einen Zylinderkopf für eine Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine der Viertakt-Bauart zu schaffen, der sich bei einfacher Herstellung und leichter Montage seiner Bauteile durch übersichtliche, kompakte und auch gewichtsoptimierte Auslegung auszeichnet.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a cylinder head for a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine of the four-stroke type, which is characterized by simple, simple and easy assembly of its components by clear, compact and also weight-optimized design.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst. Weitere, die Erfindung ausgestaltende Merkmale sind in den Unteransprüchen enthalten.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features of patent claim 1. Further features embodying the invention are contained in the subclaims.

Die mit der Erfindung hauptsächlich erzielten Vorteile sind darin zu sehen, daß der Zylinderkopf eine klare Konzeption aufweist, bei der die Bauteile wie Nockenwelle, Kipphebel, Ventile und Zündkerzen teleologisch angeordnet sind. Hinzu kommt, daß diese Ausführung eine kompakte, steife und auch gewichtssparende Bauweise ermöglicht. Der gewählte Ventilwinkel gewährleistet nicht nur für eine defnierte Brennkraftmaschinengröße - z.B. 1000 ccm - daß an den beiden Nockenwellen Antriebsräder angeordnet werden können, die von einem einzigen Umschlingungstrieb angetrieben werden, sondern auch, daß im Brennraum ausreichende Quetschflächen, die den Verbrennungsprozeß unterstützen, vorsehbar sind. Schließlich stellen die Lagerbrücken Bauteile dar, die günstig herzustellen sind und die beiden Nockenwellen sicher in Lage halten.The main advantages achieved with the invention are that the cylinder head has a clear concept in which the components such as camshaft, rocker arm, valves and spark plugs are arranged teleologically. In addition, this design enables a compact, rigid and also weight-saving design. The chosen one Valve angle ensures not only for a defined internal combustion engine size - e.g. 1000 cc - that drive wheels can be arranged on the two camshafts, which are driven by a single belt drive, but also that sufficient squeeze areas that support the combustion process can be provided in the combustion chamber. Finally, the bearing brackets are components that are inexpensive to manufacture and hold the two camshafts securely in place.

In der Zeichnung wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung gezeigt, das nachstehend näher beschrieben ist.
Es zeigt

Fig. 1
einen Querschnitt einer Brennkrattmaschine im Bereich eines Zylinderkopfs,
Fig. 2
eine Ansicht in Pfeilrichtung X der Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
einen Schnitt nach der Linie III-III der Fig. 1,
Fig. 4
einen Schnitt nach der Linie IV-IV der Fig. 3,
Fig. 5
eine Ansicht in Pfeilrichtung Y der Fig. 3.
In the drawing, an embodiment of the invention is shown, which is described in more detail below.
It shows
Fig. 1
3 shows a cross section of a Brennkratt machine in the area of a cylinder head,
Fig. 2
2 shows a view in the direction of the arrow X in FIG. 1,
Fig. 3
2 shows a section along the line III-III of FIG. 1,
Fig. 4
a section along the line IV-IV of Fig. 3,
Fig. 5
3 shows a view in the direction of the arrow Y in FIG. 3.

Eine mehrzylindrige Brennkraftmaschine 1 der Viertakt-Bauart - vier Zylinder ca. 1000 ccm - umfasst ein nur angedeutetes Zylinderkurbelgehäuse 2 mit Zylindern 3 für Hubkolben 5 und einer nicht gezeigten Kurbelwelle. Das Zylinderkurbelgehäuse 2 trägt einen Zylinderkopf 6, dessen freie Seite 7 mit einer Ventilhaube 8 abgedeckt ist.A multi-cylinder internal combustion engine 1 of the four-stroke design - four cylinders approx. 1000 cc - comprises an only indicated cylinder crankcase 2 with cylinders 3 for piston 5 and a crankshaft, not shown. The cylinder crankcase 2 carries a cylinder head 6, the free side 7 of which is covered with a valve cover 8.

Mit dem Zylinderkopf 6 verbunden ist eine Sauganlage 9, an der eine Kraftstoff-Einspritzdüse 10 befestigt ist.A suction system 9, to which a fuel injection nozzle 10 is attached, is connected to the cylinder head 6.

Oberhalb der Zylinder 3 sind im Zylinderkopf 6 eine Einlaßnockenwelle 11 und eine Auslaßnockenwelle 12 mit parallelem Abstand zueinander angeordnet, wobei ihr Abstand zu einer Mittellängsebene A-A der Brennkraftmaschine 1 in etwa gleich ist. Die Einlaßnockenwelle 11 und die Auslaßnockenwelle 12 betätigen die hängend im Zylinderkopf 6 angeordneten Einlaßventile 13, 13' bzw. Auslaßventile 14, 14' unter Vermittlung von einarmigen Schlepphebeln 15 und 16, wobei jede Nocke 17 der beiden Nockenwellen 11, 12 mit Rollen 18 zusammenwirkt, d.h., bei den Schlepphebeln 15, 16 handelt es sich um sogenannte Rollen-Schlepphebel.Above the cylinders 3, an intake camshaft 11 and an exhaust camshaft 12 are arranged in the cylinder head 6 at a parallel distance from one another, their distance from a central longitudinal plane AA of the internal combustion engine 1 being approximately the same. The intake camshaft 11 and the exhaust camshaft 12 actuate the intake valves 13, 13 'and exhaust valves 14, 14' arranged in the cylinder head 6 with the aid of rocker arms 15 and 16, each cam 17 of the two camshafts 11, 12 cooperates with rollers 18, ie, the rocker arms 15, 16 are so-called roller rocker arms.

Die Einlaßventile 13, 13' und die Auslaßventile 14, 14', pro Zylinder 3 sind jeweils zwei Einlaßventile und zwei Auslaßventile vorgesehen, sind in einem spitzen Winkel zu einer Längsebene B-B ausgerichtet und schließen einen Ventilwinkel α von 30 ° ein, der auch 29 ° bzw. 31 ° sein kann. Dabei beträgt der Winkel β zwischen Längsebene B-B und Einlaßventilen 13, 13' 14 ° oder zwischen13 ° 30 und 15 °. Zwischen Längsebene B-B und den Auslaßventilen 14, 14' beträgt der Winkel δ 16 ° oder zwischen 15 ° 30' oder 16 ° 30'.The intake valves 13, 13 'and the exhaust valves 14, 14', per cylinder 3, two intake valves and two exhaust valves are provided, are aligned at an acute angle to a longitudinal plane BB and include a valve angle α of 30 °, which is also 29 ° or 31 °. The angle β between the longitudinal plane B-B and inlet valves 13, 13 'is 14 ° or between 13 ° 30 and 15 °. The angle δ between the longitudinal plane B-B and the outlet valves 14, 14 'is 16 ° or between 15 ° 30' or 16 ° 30 '.

Die Schlepphebel 15, 16 liegen mit ihren Drehachsen 19, 20 außerhalb eines V-förmigen Zylinderkopfbereiches 21, der von den den Ventilwinkel α bildenden Winkellinien 22, 23 definiert wird. Diese Lage nehmen auch die Zentren 24, 25 der Nockenwellen 11, 12 ein. Außerdem sind innerhalb des Zylinderkopfbereiches 21 Zündkerzen 26 untergebracht, die sich entlang der Mittellängsebene A-A erstrecken.The rocker arms 15, 16 lie with their axes of rotation 19, 20 outside a V-shaped cylinder head region 21, which is defined by the angle lines 22, 23 forming the valve angle α. The centers 24, 25 of the camshafts 11, 12 also assume this position. In addition, within the cylinder head region 21, spark plugs 26 are accommodated, which extend along the central longitudinal plane A-A.

Die Einlaßventile 13, 13' und die Auslaßventile 14, 14' umfassen Ventilteller 27, 27' bzw. 28, 28', die Gasströme in einem Brennraum 29 der durch den Hubkolben 5 - in dessen oberer Totpunktlage - und eine giebeldachförmige Ausnehmung 30 im Zylinderkopf 6 gebildet wird, steuern. Hierzu sind im Zylinderkopf 6 Einlaßkanäle 31 und Auslaßkanäle 32 eingearbeitet.The inlet valves 13, 13 'and the outlet valves 14, 14' comprise valve disks 27, 27 'and 28, 28', the gas flows in a combustion chamber 29 through the piston 5 - in its top dead center position - and a gable roof-shaped recess 30 in the cylinder head 6 is formed, control. For this purpose, 6 inlet channels 31 and outlet channels 32 are incorporated in the cylinder head.

Im Zylinderkopf 6 sind zwischen den Ventiltellern 27, 27' und 28, 28' und einer Zylinderwand 33 für den Hubkolben 5 Quetschflächen 34, 35 vorgesehen, die kreisabschnittsförmig gestaltet sind. Ebenso können weitere Quetschflächen 34', 35' wirksam sein, die - in Brennkraftmaschinenlängsrichtung C-C gesehen - zwischen Zylinderwand 33 und den Ventiltellern 27, 28 bzw. 27', 28' verlaufen. Die Quetschfläche 34 ist größer als die Quetschfläche 35, was durch die unterschiedlichen Winkellagen - Winkel β < Winkel δ, die unterschiedlichen Durchmesser der Ventilteller 27 > 28 und die zur Einlaßseite gegenüber der Mittellängsebene A-A geringfügig verschobene Längsebene B-B - Mittellängsebene der Zylinder 3 - erreicht wird; der Abstand zwischen Mittellängsebene A-A und Mittellängsebene B-B - ist durch LD gekennzeichnet. Dank der Quetschflächen 34, 35 und der zentral im Brennraum 29 angeordneten Zündkerzen 26 wird ein optimiertes zündfähiges Gemisch und bei dessen verbrennung eine gute Flammausbreitung erzielt.In the cylinder head 6 between the valve plates 27, 27 'and 28, 28' and a cylinder wall 33 for the reciprocating piston 5 squeeze surfaces 34, 35 are provided, which are designed in the form of a circular section. Likewise, other squeeze surfaces 34 ', 35' can be effective which - seen in the longitudinal direction CC of the internal combustion engine - run between the cylinder wall 33 and the valve disks 27, 28 or 27 ', 28'. The squeeze area 34 is larger than the squeeze area 35, which is achieved by the different angular positions - angle β <angle δ, the different diameters of the valve plates 27> 28 and the longitudinal plane BB - the longitudinal median plane of the cylinders 3 - which is slightly shifted towards the inlet side with respect to the central longitudinal plane AA ; the distance between the central longitudinal plane AA and the central longitudinal plane BB - is identified by LD. Thanks to the crushing surfaces 34, 35 and the central in Combustion chamber 29 arranged spark plugs 26, an optimized ignitable mixture and when it burns good flame propagation is achieved.

An den freien Enden der Ventile 13, 13' und 14, 14', genauer an den Ventilschäften 36, sind Federteller 37 vorgesehen, an denen sich konische Druckfedern 38 abstützen, deren kleinerer Durchmesser Dk am jeweiligen Federteller 37 anliegt; der größere Durchmesser Dg stützt sich an einer Schulter 39 des Zylinderkopfs 6 ab.At the free ends of the valves 13, 13 'and 14, 14', more precisely on the valve stems 36, spring plates 37 are provided, on which conical compression springs 38 are supported, the smaller diameter Dk of which rests on the respective spring plate 37; the larger diameter Dg is supported on a shoulder 39 of the cylinder head 6.

Die Einlaßnockenwelle 11 und die Auslaßnockenwelle 12 sind auf einer Stirnseite 40 des Zylinderkopfs 6 aus diesem herausgeführt und mit Antriebsrädern 41, 42 versehen, die mittels eines einzigen Umschlingungstriebs 43 von der ebenfalls mit einem Antriebsrad versehenen Kurbelwelle angetrieben werden. In Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Umschlingungstrieb 43 ein Zahnriementrieb. Außerdem ist die Einlaßnockenwelle 11 mit einer Stelleinrichtung 44 versehen, die zur relativen Drehlageänderung - Stellbereiche ENs - der Einlaßnockenwelle 11 gegenüber der Auslaßnockenwelle 12 dient. Durch entsprechende Stellvorgänge werden die Ventilsteuerzeiten beeinflußt. Die Stelleinrichtung 44 ist in einer Nabe 45 des Antriebsrades 41 untergebracht, wobei ihre Stellbereiche ENs beispielhaft in Fig. 5 dargestellt sind.The intake camshaft 11 and the exhaust camshaft 12 are guided out of the cylinder head 6 on an end face 40 thereof and provided with drive wheels 41, 42 which are driven by means of a single belt drive 43 from the crankshaft, which is also provided with a drive wheel. In the exemplary embodiment, the belt drive 43 is a toothed belt drive. In addition, the intake camshaft 11 is provided with an actuating device 44 which serves for the relative change in the rotational position — adjustment ranges ENs — of the intake camshaft 11 relative to the exhaust camshaft 12. The valve timing is influenced by appropriate actuating processes. The adjusting device 44 is accommodated in a hub 45 of the drive wheel 41, its adjusting ranges ENs being shown by way of example in FIG. 5.

Die Zündkerze 26 ist von einer rohrförmigen Führungshülse 46 umgeben, die in Aufnahmen 47, 48 des Zylinderkopfs 6 bzw. der Ventilhube 8 ruhen.The spark plug 26 is surrounded by a tubular guide sleeve 46, which rest in receptacles 47, 48 of the cylinder head 6 or the valve lift 8.

Die Einlaßnockenwelle 11 und die Auslaßnockenwelle 12 werden einerseits von Lagerstühlen 49, 50 des Zylinderkopfs 6 aufgenommen und andererseits von nur drei beabstandeten, quer zur Brennkraftmaschinenlängsrichtung C-C verlaufenden Lagerbrücken 51, 52, 53 in Lage gehalten. Die Lagerbrücken 51, 52 umgeben mit einem Ringteil 54 die Führungshülse 46 und sind mittels beiderseits der Nockenwellen 11, 12 sich erstreckender Schrauben 55, 56, 57, 58 mit dem Zylinderkopf 6 verbunden.The intake camshaft 11 and the exhaust camshaft 12 are received on the one hand by bearing seats 49, 50 of the cylinder head 6 and on the other hand are held in position by only three spaced-apart bearing bridges 51, 52, 53 which run transversely to the longitudinal direction of the engine C-C. The bearing bridges 51, 52 surround the guide sleeve 46 with a ring part 54 and are connected to the cylinder head 6 by means of screws 55, 56, 57, 58 extending on both sides of the camshafts 11, 12.

Claims (10)

Zylinderkopf für eine mehrere Zylinder umfassende Brennkraftmaschine der Hubkolben-Bauart mit zwei oberhalb der Zylinder liegenden, pro Zylinder wenigstens je zwei Einlaßventile und zwei Auslaßventile betätigende Nockenwellen, welche Ventile im spitzen Winkel zu einer Mittelängsebene der Brennkraftmaschine verlaufen und unter Vermittlung von einarmigen Hebeln die hängend angeordneten Einlaß- und Auslaßventile betätigt, deren Ventilteller Gasströme in durch die Hubkolben in einem Zylinderkurbelgehäuse und Ausnehmungen im Zylinderkopf gebildete Brennräume steuern, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ■ - im Querschnitt der Brennkraftmaschine gesehen - die Einlaßventile (13, 13') und die Auslaßventile (14, 14') ausgehend von einer Mittellängsebene (A-A) der Brennkraftmaschine etwa einen Ventilwinkel (α) von 29 ° bis 31 ° einschließen, ■ die Drehachsen der als Rollen-Schlepphebel ausgebildeten Schlepphebel (15, 16) außerhalb der den Ventilwinkel (α) bildenden Winkellinien (22, 23) eines Zylinderkopfbereiches (21) liegen, ■ in dem durch die Einlaßventile (13, 13') und den Auslaßventilen (14, 14') gebildeten V-förmigen Zylinderkopfbereich (21) eine sich in etwa entlang der Mittellängsebene (A-A) erstreckende Zündkerze (26) vorgesehen ist. Cylinder head for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine of the reciprocating piston type with two camshafts located above the cylinders, actuating at least two intake valves and two exhaust valves per cylinder, which valves run at an acute angle to a central longitudinal plane of the internal combustion engine and are arranged by means of single-armed levers Intake and exhaust valves actuated, the valve plates of which control gas flows into combustion chambers formed by the reciprocating pistons in a cylinder crankcase and recesses in the cylinder head, characterized in that Viewed in cross section of the internal combustion engine, the inlet valves (13, 13 ') and the exhaust valves (14, 14'), starting from a central longitudinal plane (AA) of the internal combustion engine, enclose approximately a valve angle (α) of 29 ° to 31 °, The axes of rotation of the rocker arms (15, 16) designed as roller rocker arms lie outside the angle lines (22, 23) of the cylinder head area (21) forming the valve angle (α), ■ In the V-shaped cylinder head region (21) formed by the inlet valves (13, 13 ') and the outlet valves (14, 14'), a spark plug (26) extending approximately along the central longitudinal plane (AA) is provided. Zylinderkopf nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß - im Querschnitt der Brennkraftmaschine gesehen - die Einlaßventile (13, 13') im Ventilwinkel (α) von 13 °30 ' bis 15 ° und die Auslaßventile (14, 14') im Winkel (δ) 15 ° 30 ' bis 16 ° 30 ' zu der Mittellängsebene A-A der Brennkraftmaschine (1) angeordnet sind.Cylinder head according to claim 1, characterized in that - seen in cross section of the internal combustion engine - the inlet valves (13, 13 ') in the valve angle (α) from 13 ° 30' to 15 ° and the exhaust valves (14, 14 ') in the angle (δ ) 15 ° 30 'to 16 ° 30' to the central longitudinal plane AA of the internal combustion engine (1) are arranged. Zylinderkopf nach, den Ansprüchen 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß am Zylinderkopf (6) zumindest zwischen den Ventiltellern (27, 27') und (28, 28') und einer Zylinderwand (33) für den Hubkolben (5) sowohl auf der Seite der Einlaßventile (13, 13') als auch auf der Seite der Auslaßventile (14, 14') kreisabschnittsförmige Quetschflächen (34, 35) vorgesehen sind.Cylinder head according to, claims 1 and 2, characterized in that on the cylinder head (6) at least between the valve disks (27, 27 ') and (28, 28') and a cylinder wall (33) for the reciprocating piston (5) both on the Side of the inlet valves (13, 13 ') and on the side of the outlet valves (14, 14') are provided in the form of squeeze surfaces (34, 35). Zylinderkopf, bei dem die Ventile mittels Druckfedern in einer Schließstellung gehalten sind, nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Druckfedern (38) konische Form aufweisen, wobei sich jeweils der kleinere Durchmesser (Dk) der Druckfeder (38) an einem Federteller (37) des Ventilschafts (36) abstützt.Cylinder head, in which the valves are held in a closed position by means of compression springs, according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the compression springs (38) have a conical shape, the smaller diameter (Dk) of the compression spring (38) being attached supports a spring plate (37) of the valve stem (36). Zylinderkopf nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Nockenwellen (11, 12) an ihren Stirnseiten (40) Antriebsräder (41, 42)aufweisen, die von einem mit einer Kurbelwelle verbundenen Antriebsrad über einen Umschlingungstrieb (43) angetrieben werden.Cylinder head according to claim 1, characterized in that the two camshafts (11, 12) have drive wheels (41, 42) on their end faces (40) which are driven by a drive wheel connected to a crankshaft via a belt drive (43). Zylinderkopf nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einlaßnockenwelle (11) mit einer Stelleinrichtung (44) versehen ist, die zur relativen Drehlageänderung der Einlaßnockenwelle (11) gegenüber der Auslaßnockenwelle (12) dient.Cylinder head according to claim 5, characterized in that the intake camshaft (11) is provided with an adjusting device (44) which serves for changing the relative rotational position of the intake camshaft (11) with respect to the exhaust camshaft (12). Zylinderkopf nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Stelleinrichtung (44) dem Antriebsrad (41) der Einlaßnockenwelle (11) zugeordnet ist.Cylinder head according to claim 6, characterized in that the actuating device (44) is assigned to the drive wheel (41) of the intake camshaft (11). Zylinderkopf nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede Zündkerze (2) von einer rohrförmigen Führungshülse (46) umgeben ist, die in Aufnahmen (47 und 48) des Zylinderkopfs (6) und einer den Zylinderkopf (6) abdeckenden Ventilhaube (8) vorgesehen sind.Cylinder head according to claim 7, characterized in that each spark plug (2) is surrounded by a tubular guide sleeve (46) which is provided in receptacles (47 and 48) of the cylinder head (6) and a valve cover (8) covering the cylinder head (6) are. Zylinderkopf nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einlaßnockenwelle (11) und die Auslaßnockenwelle (12) mittels mehrerer beabstandeter Lagerbrücken (51, 52, 53) in Lage gehalten werden.Cylinder head according to claim 1, characterized in that the intake camshaft (11) and the exhaust camshaft (12) are held in position by means of a plurality of spaced-apart bearing bridges (51, 52, 53). Zylinderkopf nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lagerbrücken (51, 52, 53) mittels beiderseits der Einlaßnockenwelle (11) und der Auslaßnockenwelle (12) vorgesehener Schrauben (55, 56, 57, 58) am Zylinderkopf (6) befestigt sind.Cylinder head according to claim 9, characterized in that the bearing bridges (51, 52, 53) are fastened to the cylinder head (6) by means of screws (55, 56, 57, 58) provided on both sides of the intake camshaft (11) and the exhaust camshaft (12).
EP95107781A 1995-05-22 1995-05-22 Cylinder head Ceased EP0744530A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP95107781A EP0744530A1 (en) 1995-05-22 1995-05-22 Cylinder head
JP8117899A JPH09137705A (en) 1995-05-22 1996-05-13 Cylinder head
KR1019960017146A KR100405588B1 (en) 1995-05-22 1996-05-21 Cylinder Head

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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EP95107781A EP0744530A1 (en) 1995-05-22 1995-05-22 Cylinder head

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EP0744530A1 true EP0744530A1 (en) 1996-11-27

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EP95107781A Ceased EP0744530A1 (en) 1995-05-22 1995-05-22 Cylinder head

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EP (1) EP0744530A1 (en)
JP (1) JPH09137705A (en)
KR (1) KR100405588B1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999005405A1 (en) * 1997-07-23 1999-02-04 Sergiu Valentin Lipcan Light metal cylinder head manufactured according to a pressure moulding method and intended for use in an internal combustion engine with four valves per cylinder and liquid cooling
EP1094213A3 (en) * 1999-10-18 2002-03-06 Hyundai Motor Company DOHC diesel engine cylinder head

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6006276B2 (en) * 2014-10-30 2016-10-12 本田技研工業株式会社 Internal combustion engine

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0250797A2 (en) * 1986-06-05 1988-01-07 DUCATI MECCANICA S.p.A. Four-valve cylinder head of desmodromic operation, for internal combustion engines
EP0344598A2 (en) * 1988-06-01 1989-12-06 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft, Patentabteilung AJ-3 Internal-combustion engine comprising a double overhead camshaft cylinder head
EP0420290A2 (en) * 1989-09-29 1991-04-03 Mazda Motor Corporation Valve driving device of engine
DE4121504A1 (en) 1990-09-13 1992-03-26 Skoda Automobilova Four-valve cylinder head - has inlet manifold and overhead camshafts with air intake pipe in upper and side part
DE4208725A1 (en) * 1991-03-18 1992-10-29 Mazda Motor COMBUSTION ENGINE CYLINDER HEAD STRUCTURE
DE4315233A1 (en) * 1993-05-07 1994-07-28 Daimler Benz Ag Direct injection internal combustion engine

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0250797A2 (en) * 1986-06-05 1988-01-07 DUCATI MECCANICA S.p.A. Four-valve cylinder head of desmodromic operation, for internal combustion engines
EP0344598A2 (en) * 1988-06-01 1989-12-06 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft, Patentabteilung AJ-3 Internal-combustion engine comprising a double overhead camshaft cylinder head
EP0420290A2 (en) * 1989-09-29 1991-04-03 Mazda Motor Corporation Valve driving device of engine
DE4121504A1 (en) 1990-09-13 1992-03-26 Skoda Automobilova Four-valve cylinder head - has inlet manifold and overhead camshafts with air intake pipe in upper and side part
DE4208725A1 (en) * 1991-03-18 1992-10-29 Mazda Motor COMBUSTION ENGINE CYLINDER HEAD STRUCTURE
DE4315233A1 (en) * 1993-05-07 1994-07-28 Daimler Benz Ag Direct injection internal combustion engine

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999005405A1 (en) * 1997-07-23 1999-02-04 Sergiu Valentin Lipcan Light metal cylinder head manufactured according to a pressure moulding method and intended for use in an internal combustion engine with four valves per cylinder and liquid cooling
EP1094213A3 (en) * 1999-10-18 2002-03-06 Hyundai Motor Company DOHC diesel engine cylinder head
US6408808B1 (en) 1999-10-18 2002-06-25 Hyundai Motor Company DOHC diesel engine cylinder head

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KR960041676A (en) 1996-12-19
JPH09137705A (en) 1997-05-27
KR100405588B1 (en) 2004-03-30

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