EP0738339B1 - Improvements in sailcloth - Google Patents

Improvements in sailcloth Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0738339B1
EP0738339B1 EP95905749A EP95905749A EP0738339B1 EP 0738339 B1 EP0738339 B1 EP 0738339B1 EP 95905749 A EP95905749 A EP 95905749A EP 95905749 A EP95905749 A EP 95905749A EP 0738339 B1 EP0738339 B1 EP 0738339B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
yarn
woven
normal tenacity
normal
high modulus
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95905749A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0738339A1 (en
Inventor
Colin Appleyard
Philip Lecane
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
OTOLITH Ltd
Original Assignee
OTOLITH Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by OTOLITH Ltd filed Critical OTOLITH Ltd
Publication of EP0738339A1 publication Critical patent/EP0738339A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0738339B1 publication Critical patent/EP0738339B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
    • D02J1/22—Stretching or tensioning, shrinking or relaxing, e.g. by use of overfeed and underfeed apparatus, or preventing stretch

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to sailcloth and in particular to an improved woven sailcloth having the strength and stretch properties of a laminated cloth, which is suitable for use on large classically designed boats.
  • Laminated cloths consist of at least two components, but generally are made of three components.
  • each of a loose woven polyester backing cloth and a tightly woven polyester front cloth are pre-coated with alternate parts of a two part adhesive.
  • High tenacity warp yarns are placed between the two cloths at regular intervals and the sandwich so produced is passed through a rotary press to activate the adhesive.
  • a sheet of plastic film is placed between two high tenacity woven fabric cloths which have been pre-coated with alternate parts of a two part adhesive. Again the sandwich is passed through a rotary press to activate the adhesive.
  • the method of producing laminates makes the product more suitable for the manufacture of one particular sail design type and this is not always acceptable to the end user.
  • the high modulus fibres of the aramid, polyethylene and polyester-polyarylate types have a different rate of shrink under heat than normal tenacity yarns such as polyester, nylon or polypropylene.
  • These high modulus yarns are sold under trade names such as KEVLAR, TWARON, TECHNORNA, DYNEEMA, SPECTRA and VECTRAN.
  • United States Patent No. 3 553 307 of Kovac & Rye relates to a polyester cord reinforcement suitable for use in tyres, the cord being processed to minimise the heat generated when a tyre containing it is used.
  • the heat generation can be kept below 35 units. This is achieved by subjecting the cord to sufficient tension to stretch it between 2 to 10% while heating it for between 35 to 70 seconds at 440 to 490°F (226°C to 254.4°C).
  • the cord is then subjected to a further treatment, at a temperature at least 10° higher than that employed in the first stage, for 35 to 70 seconds, during which time the cord is allowed to shrink 30 to 50% of the stretch applied in the first treatment.
  • polyester yarn is heated to at least 200°C at a tension of at least 367.87 cN (375 gms).
  • Nylon is also suitably heated to at least 200°C at a tension of at least 367.87 cN (375 gms).
  • Another suitable yarn for use in the process is polypropylene.
  • the process provides a pre-shrunk normal tenacity yarn which has been pre-shrunk at a temperature greater than the heat-setting temperature of the yarn and been stretched about 1.5%.
  • the invention further provides a process for the manufacture of woven sailcloth comprising weaving a high modulus yarn with a normal tenacity yarn wherein the normal tenacity yarn has been pre-shrunk at a temperature greater than the heat-setting temperature of the normal tenacity yarn, and stretched about 1.5%.
  • the high modulus yarn is woven in the weft direction and the normal tenacity yarn is woven in the warp direction.
  • the high modulus yarn is used in the warp direction and the normal tenacity yarn used in the weft direction, whereas in a sailcloth intended for use on a classic boat the high modulus yarn is used in the weft direction.
  • the invention has made it possible to combine the two components in a single fabric which does not contain bubbles in the final cloth.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic drawing of a yarn setting machine.
  • a yarn setting machine for heat treatment of synthetic yarn consists of an oven (1), which can be heated using electricity in the range of ambient to 350°C under the control of a thermostat. Alternatively gas heating or hot air may be used.
  • Rollers (2) and (3) are used to roll the yarn through the oven (1). These are driven by means of chain and sprockets or alternatively toothed belts and wheels, hydraulic motors, or individual electric motors may be used.
  • a means to allow the speed of rollers (2) to be different to the speed of rollers (3) is provided, such as change gear wheels or variable speed drive. The difference in speed between rollers (3) and (2) determines the tension in the yarn during the treatment.
  • a tension meter is used adjacent to rollers (3) from time to time to measure the tension.
  • a cooling unit (4) is provided to cool the yarn emerging from the oven (1), the cooling being assisted by a fan and/or cooled air.
  • the yarn is wound using a commercially available winding head (6).
  • a tension compensator (5) is provided which moves to take up any slack and which has an output either mechanically or electronically to control the speed of the drive (7) of the winding head (6) to allow for the slack. All parts of the machine which are in contact with the yarn are smooth and should preferably be made from or coated with a ceramic material.
  • the yarn (8) as supplied by a manufacturer is taken from the supply package (11) and passed around the rollers (2), the number of turns dependant on the thickness and type of yarn to be processed.
  • the yarn (8) then passes through the oven (1), the yarn (8) being passed backwards and forwards in the oven (1) using a plurality of guides, to increase the total length of yarn in the oven depending on the thickness and type of yarn (8) to be processed.
  • the yarn (8) exits onto guide (9), enters the cooling unit (4) and is returned by guide (10) onto rollers (3).
  • the yarn (8) is passed around the guides within the compensator (5), the number of guides used depending on the thickness and type of yarn processed.
  • the yarn (8) is then wound on the winding head (6).
  • the yarn must be processed at a higher temperature than the cloth will subsequently be subjected to in manufacture.
  • the setting temperature is therefore dependant on the curing temperature of the resin system in the sailcloth manufacture and adjusted for any modifiers that may be added to the mixture.
  • the heat setting temperature of the normal tenacity yarn must be exceeded.
  • the tenacity value of a yarn is an indication of the strength of the yarn and is calculated as:- Load at break in cN/Tex of yarn.
  • Modulus is an indication of the resistance to stretch and is calculated as:- (Load at break in cN/Tex) x(100/% extension).
  • yarns can be divided into four categories.
  • Low tenacity yarns include natural fibres and some man-made fibres for apparel uses
  • medium tenacity yarns include man-made fibres for general purpose non-critical end use
  • high tenacity yarns include man-made fibres for industrial uses such as sails, tyres and the like.
  • High modulus yarns are high strength yarns with the advantage of high resistance to stretch and include yarns such as Kevlar, Spectra and Vectran (all trade marks).
  • the dividing line between the first three categories is not well defined, but for the purpose of the present application low tenacity yarns would have a tenacity value of less than 45 cN/Tex.
  • High tenacity yarns would have a tenacity value of between 45 and 95 cN/Tex with a 2% modulus figure (i.e. modulus calculated using the load at 2% extension) of between 550 and 950 cN/Tex. Yarns with values exceeding this would be considered to be high modulus yarns.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Gloves (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
EP95905749A 1994-01-05 1995-01-04 Improvements in sailcloth Expired - Lifetime EP0738339B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IE940003A IES940003A2 (en) 1994-01-05 1994-01-05 Improvements in sailcloth
IE940003 1994-01-05
PCT/IE1995/000001 WO1995018881A1 (en) 1994-01-05 1995-01-04 Improvements in sailcloth

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0738339A1 EP0738339A1 (en) 1996-10-23
EP0738339B1 true EP0738339B1 (en) 1999-04-28

Family

ID=11040237

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95905749A Expired - Lifetime EP0738339B1 (en) 1994-01-05 1995-01-04 Improvements in sailcloth

Country Status (11)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0738339B1 (xx)
JP (1) JPH09512865A (xx)
AT (1) ATE179467T1 (xx)
AU (1) AU1424195A (xx)
DE (2) DE738339T1 (xx)
DK (1) DK0738339T3 (xx)
ES (1) ES2133725T3 (xx)
GR (1) GR3030077T3 (xx)
IE (1) IES940003A2 (xx)
WO (1) WO1995018881A1 (xx)
ZA (1) ZA9553B (xx)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7560400B2 (en) 2003-07-16 2009-07-14 Raytheon Company Radome with polyester-polyarylate fibers and a method of making same
EP2358587A4 (en) * 2008-12-10 2018-01-10 Challenge Sailcloth Inc. Method of reducing crimp in woven sailcloth
WO2010149165A1 (en) * 2009-06-23 2010-12-29 Soenderborg Claus Method of making a woven sailcloth, a woven sailcloth, a sail made from a woven sailcloth and a laminated sailcloth made from woven sailcloth
ES2910935T3 (es) 2016-09-13 2022-05-17 Conzeptor Aps Tela tejida para vela mejorada

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1110751A (en) * 1964-06-22 1968-04-24 Goodyear Tire & Rubber Tire cord
JPS5633487B2 (xx) * 1973-06-15 1981-08-04
US5011645A (en) * 1989-05-04 1991-04-30 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Process for preparing nylon staple fiber
US5304414A (en) * 1991-12-17 1994-04-19 Challenge Sailcloth Non-laminated woven sailcloth

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0738339A1 (en) 1996-10-23
AU1424195A (en) 1995-08-01
IES63632B2 (en) 1995-05-17
WO1995018881A1 (en) 1995-07-13
JPH09512865A (ja) 1997-12-22
DE69509358T2 (de) 1999-08-26
ZA9553B (en) 1995-09-12
ES2133725T3 (es) 1999-09-16
IES940003A2 (en) 1995-05-17
ATE179467T1 (de) 1999-05-15
DE738339T1 (de) 1998-05-14
DE69509358D1 (de) 1999-06-02
GR3030077T3 (en) 1999-07-30
DK0738339T3 (da) 1999-11-08

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