EP0734932A2 - Dispositif de surveillance pour installations adjustables en plein air par entraînement à courant triphasé - Google Patents

Dispositif de surveillance pour installations adjustables en plein air par entraînement à courant triphasé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0734932A2
EP0734932A2 EP96103834A EP96103834A EP0734932A2 EP 0734932 A2 EP0734932 A2 EP 0734932A2 EP 96103834 A EP96103834 A EP 96103834A EP 96103834 A EP96103834 A EP 96103834A EP 0734932 A2 EP0734932 A2 EP 0734932A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
phase
wires
arrangement according
network
signal generator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96103834A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0734932B1 (fr
EP0734932A3 (fr
Inventor
Gerhard Humer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcatel Lucent SAS
Original Assignee
Alcatel Austria AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcatel Austria AG filed Critical Alcatel Austria AG
Publication of EP0734932A2 publication Critical patent/EP0734932A2/fr
Publication of EP0734932A3 publication Critical patent/EP0734932A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0734932B1 publication Critical patent/EP0734932B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L7/00—Remote control of local operating means for points, signals, or track-mounted scotch-blocks
    • B61L7/06—Remote control of local operating means for points, signals, or track-mounted scotch-blocks using electrical transmission
    • B61L7/08—Circuitry

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement for monitoring external systems adjustable with three-phase drives, e.g. Turnouts, barriers, lifting or swing bridges, lock gates or the like, the electrical test signals being given to the three-phase line (s) leading to the outside system (s) or their wires and the three-phase drive located in the outside system and the test signals or signals derived therefrom, which are influenced by the state and / or by the position of the external system and / or the three-phase drive and / or the cores of the three-phase lines, are detected as a measured variable and an evaluation unit, for example a computer, and are checked there with regard to agreement or deviation from an expected value.
  • an evaluation unit for example a computer
  • the invention relates to an arrangement for monitoring external systems of any type, in which three-phase drives are used to achieve an adjustment of the external system between defined end positions, which are monitored by limit switches.
  • the arrangement according to the invention is usually located in a control center and between the control center and the external system run the three-phase conductors which serve to feed the three-phase drive, the current flow being controlled by switching devices in the control center or control lines leading from the control center to switching devices, e.g. Relays, in the three-phase conductors, with which switching devices the power to the outdoor system can be switched on site.
  • the monitoring arrangement accesses the three-phase conductor supplying the three-phase drive of the outside system, via which the position and / or the state of the outside system is monitored, in the center or at a location between the center and the outside system.
  • three-phase current is supplied to the three-phase drive via the four-phase three-phase conductor (R, S, T, N), the three-phase drive usually being started asymmetrically via the external system switching means, in particular switch limit switches, arranged in the three-phase drive.
  • the outdoor system, in particular the switch tongue has left its end position, the three-phase drive continues to run symmetrically in three phases. After reaching the other end position, the switch-off is usually asymmetrical.
  • a device similar to an arrangement of the type mentioned is known from DE-OS 37 15 478.
  • This device in which test voltages are continuously switched between the wires of the three-phase line and thus a sequential signal determination takes place, requires an enormous amount of computation in order to obtain the measurement variables that are essential for different test conditions. For each individual measurement, a conductor loop is sensed, into which a signal is fed, the deviation from or the agreement with an expected value of this signal being evaluated with regard to the state and / or the position of the outdoor system.
  • an actuating and monitoring circuit is known from DL-PS 15 96 91, in which all information processing channels and information transmission channels are sequentially monitored operationally.
  • the continuous switching on of the measuring voltage and subsequent detection requires an extremely high load on the monitoring computer system in order to arrive at a redundant and safety-related clear decision.
  • the number of external systems that can be monitored is therefore very limited; furthermore, in the case of monitoring, the mains voltage is switched to the three-phase motor with low resistance, which is undesirable for safety reasons.
  • the test signals are fed into the wires of the three-phase line, which are connected to one another in the form of a conductor loop, so that the signal information or redundancy obtained is very low.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an arrangement for monitoring outdoor systems adjustable with three-phase drives, which corresponds to high reliability and safety requirements. Furthermore, this arrangement should have a simple structure and be usable for a larger number of outdoor systems, without having to make excessive demands on the computer capacities.
  • the specific aim of the invention is to create an arrangement which enables a four-wire motor circuit, but does not require a safety relay with positive guidance.
  • a signal generator which forms a network with the three-phase drive or its windings and the leads leading to the drive is connected to at least two of the four available wires, the ones introduced Test signals in the network a distribution of measured variables dependent on the state and / or the position of the three-phase drive and / or the wires, in particular current and voltage distribution, train and that measuring devices for determining electromagnetic variables characteristic of the respective measured variable distribution, for. B. current, voltage, phase or derived electromagnetic variables are provided.
  • a network is created with the signal generator used alone or by the signal generator in conjunction with the additional generator associated with it, together with the wires of the three-phase line or the three-phase drive supplied with test signals, in which network the test signal introduced can be detected in the test variables due to the electrical cross-links in the Veins (current) or between the veins (voltages, phase shifts) generated so that enough information can be provided redundantly and diversely to be able to detect the desired conditions or positions or errors with sufficient accuracy.
  • Veins current
  • the veins voltage, phase shifts
  • a wire When a wire is found, e.g. understood a check for a line break or for a short circuit.
  • the condition of the outdoor facility would be e.g. to understand a faulty, improperly detected position (e.g. switch open).
  • a faulty, improperly detected position e.g. switch open
  • With the outdoor system in place e.g. understood the end positions or an intermediate position.
  • a large number of states and / or positions can be monitored using the detected measured variables derived from the test signals.
  • the detected signals are compared with pre-determined or predefined target signals with proper functioning (expected values) and the comparison result is evaluated.
  • the signal generators used can remain connected not only during the measuring process, but also during the times in which the three-phase lines are live, without endangering the arrangement.
  • the test signals used can be selected in such a way that they pose no difficulties in terms of safety.
  • the arrangement according to the invention allows the use of any conventional measuring devices for determining the currents, voltages, phases and / or of other derived measured variables. Robust and permanently connectable measuring devices can thus be used, which deliver the desired measured variables with corresponding accuracy.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention provides claim 2. It is possible to set up a corresponding network with the signal generator provided and at least three of the four existing wires of the existing three-phase line. It is advantageous if the signal generator is connected to all four three-phase lines, since in this case a larger number of measured variables are available for evaluation. In principle, however, it is it is also possible to obtain sufficient information about the fourth wire and the three-phase drive when connecting the signal generator to only three wires.
  • At least one additional generator could be provided, which additionally influences the current distribution or the distribution of the measured variables in the entire network or in at least one partial area.
  • Essential to the invention is the creation of a network, which means that defined or sufficiently different and detectable distributions of measured variables occur in the individual wires or in the three-phase drive, which measured variables for a specific position and / or a specific state of the three-phase line and / or the three-phase drive are characteristic.
  • the procedure is such that the distribution of the measured variables in the wires of the three-phase line and in the three-phase drive for the desired state is determined and stored in advance for certain test signals fed in.
  • the measured variables actually determined for different positions and / or states are then compared with the stored target values and deviations are fed to an error evaluation. As long as the measured values actually measured agree with the stored measured values for different positions and / or states of the outdoor installation, this is evaluated as a correct operating state.
  • a measurement variable distribution in particular current distribution, can be achieved in the network, which results in the greatest possible redundancy or the largest possible signal difference with little circuit complexity.
  • the state of the signal generator can also be monitored with the measured quantities determined on the basis of the measured variable distribution in the network, by checking the measured variable distribution when the state and / or the known position of the outdoor installation is known. If one recognizes on the basis of previous or subsequent measurements that the outdoor system is operating properly and that - provided the outdoor system is operating correctly - there are deviations in certain measured values, the conclusion can be drawn that the signal generator is working incorrectly.
  • the logistics with which the occurring measured variables or the measured variable distribution are evaluated with a view to detecting or monitoring faults in the wires or in the external system is contained in the form of a corresponding program in the evaluation unit or a computer.
  • Claim 11 has a significant advantage since, in this case, measured variables are available continuously or continuously for monitoring.
  • the features of claim 13 are expedient for rapid evaluation or error detection.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic circuit diagram of an arrangement according to the invention.
  • the arrangement in dashed outline and designated by the reference number 1 is usually located in the central office; the unit denoted by the reference symbol A4 represents the outdoor installation.
  • the switching devices S1, S2, S3, S4 for the three-phase lines can be located in the control center or - if they can be operated by remote control - in the outdoor installation A4.
  • the external system A4 contains the three-phase drive with the motor windings W1, W2 and W3, as well as with three-phase supply lines A1, A2 and A3, which can be connected to the three-phase network with phases L1, L2 and L3 via the switching devices S1, S2, S3.
  • the neutral conductor L4 is connected to the wire A4 with the switching device S4.
  • limit switches ES1 and ES2 which are controlled by appropriate control components from the outdoor system, e.g. a switch, can be operated and switched.
  • a switch By appropriately connecting and disconnecting the three-phase conductors or wires L1, L2 and L3 or the neutral conductor N with the corresponding position of the limit switches ES 1 and ES 2, an adjustment movement of the outdoor system can be carried out in the desired direction.
  • These limit switches ES 1, ES 2 are robust and are operated by a stable mechanical device. In the case of the switch, this device consists of a rod which is connected to the switch tongues. The rod transfers the tongue position to a mechanism that increases the switching travel when the end position is reached (tongue is snug). A small distance from the end position causes the respective limit switch to be switched over.
  • the signal generator has resistors R1, R2, R3 and R4, via which the phases of the three-phase network are derived as test signals and fed to the outdoor system.
  • the three-phase test signals derived from the three-phase network are introduced into the four wires A1, A2, A3 and A4 via the high-impedance resistors R1, R2, R3 and R4, which have a resistance value of preferably more than 10 k ⁇ .
  • a network is formed in the network comprising the resistors, the wires A1, A2, A3, A4 leading to the external system and the drive of the external system determined distribution of detectable electrical measured quantities.
  • phase-shifted three-phase test signals Because of the phase-shifted three-phase test signals, currents I1, I2, I3 and I4 form in the wires and corresponding differential voltages U1, U2, U3, U12, U13, U23 form between these wires.
  • the currents and / or the voltages and / or any phase shifts that may occur can be measured and evaluated. Since the test signals relating to current, voltage and phase are known, deviations from expected measured variables can be detected and evaluated as faults in the external system, their drive, or the wires A1, A2, A3, A4.
  • the existing mains voltage can be used to generate test signals.
  • This measuring method is based in particular on the principle that time-shifted measuring signals are already available in the three-phase network (L1, L2, L3) and the neutral conductor (L4).
  • L1, L2, L3 the neutral conductor
  • the changeover process can even be observed in its phases (asymmetrical, symmetrical operation). Errors can also be detected here.
  • no semiconductor components are connected to the lines exposed to EMC with low impedance, so that there is no need for EMC protection.
  • the signal generator SG is connected with four connections to the four-wire three-phase line leading to the outdoor installation, and a different signal is emitted at each output of the signal generator at the same time.
  • a corresponding current distribution, voltage distribution and phase distribution are thus formed in the network.
  • a resistance network forms the additional generator, which resistors couple the wires.
  • an additional generator ZG1 for example according to FIG. 1, can be realized by a transformer with coupled coils SP1 and SP2 and a core K, which couples the coils SP1 and SP2 and thus the lines in the outdoor system to one another and thus a current distribution in the individual Leads lines.
  • ZG2 denotes an additional generator formed by a resistor and a diode. If the signal generator feeds test signals into only two wires, the additional generators are absolutely necessary. If the signal generator emits signals in three wires, additional generators are not absolutely necessary, but the number of measurable variables that can be evaluated can be increased if the additional generators are arranged.
  • additional generators cause a measurement variable distribution, in particular a current distribution in the outdoor installation A4 or the wires A1, A2, A3, A4 connected to the three-phase drive, so that a sufficient number of measurement variables is available for detection.
  • phase L3 is connected directly to wire A3 of the three-phase line leading to the outdoor system via high-resistance resistor R3.
  • phases L1 and L2 are connected directly to the corresponding wires A1, A2 of the three-phase conductor leading to the outdoor system via high-resistance resistors R1 and R2; the neutral conductor A4 leading to the outdoor system is connected to the three-phase phases L1 and L2 via resistors Rg14 and Rg24 to generate the test signal.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 can also be used if the three-phase network is connected to the outdoor system, provided the resistors R1, R2, R3, R4 offer appropriate protection. Otherwise, appropriate protection of the signal generators against the three-phase voltages must be ensured.
  • the signal generator SG comprises four individual generators.
  • the generation and weighting of the test signals and the measured variables is achieved by using different generator voltages UG1, UG2, UG3 and UG4.
  • Each of the four individual generators emits a corresponding test signal into one of the wires A1, A2, A3, A4 of the four-wire line leading to the outdoor system.
  • Resistors R1, R2, R3 and R4 can be of different sizes, which also affects the current distribution in the network.
  • the individual measured variables are determined by voltage and / or current and / or phase measurements. In the simplest case, the measuring devices used for this are relays or optocouplers, which at given voltage and / or current values change their state, which state is evaluated as a yes-no statement.
  • the signal generator SG comprises two individual generators UG3 and UG4.
  • Corresponding test signals are fed into the four-wire line to the outdoor system via possibly identical or different resistors R1, R2, R3 and R4.
  • the two individual generators UG3, UG4 each generate a voltage of +60 or -60 volts, which are applied to the wires A3, A4 of the three-phase line to the outdoor system via the resistors R3 and R4.
  • No generators are connected to the resistors R1 and R2; these resistors nevertheless cause a current distribution in the wires A1, A2.
  • a diverse triple measurement is possible with this signal generator, namely the combination of the voltage measurements U12-U13-U23 with I3-U14-U24.
  • FIG. 5 shows an arrangement according to the invention in which the voltages occurring between the individual wires A1, A2, A3, A4 are taken off by means of residual current measuring transducers.
  • any measuring devices can be used to determine the measured variables;
  • the transducers shown here are characterized by high robustness and dielectric strength and favorable EMC behavior due to the saturation properties of the iron core.
  • This measurement method is based on the principle that time-shifted measurement signals are already automatically available in the three-phase network due to the phase shift between the individual phases and the neutral conductor.
  • the differential current gives measurement signals that can be evaluated very well when the external system or the network is in a characteristic state (end position). In the present case, the resistors R1, R2, R3 and R4 are not shown.
  • FIG. 6 shows an arrangement according to the invention in which a network of measuring resistors is applied to the interface to the external system or to the wires A1, A2, A3, A4 which lead to the external system.
  • the signal generator carries a test signal +60 volts via resistor R3 to wire A3, the second connection of the signal generator is connected to wire A4 with a connection value of 0 volts via resistor R4.
  • a network is formed with the further resistors R13, R14, R24, R34 and R12, R32 as well as R1 and R2, with which a current or Voltage or phase distribution is achieved, which results in a corresponding measurement variable distribution in the wires A1, A2, A3 A4 or between these wires.
  • This arrangement has the advantage that, by measuring a single voltage value, it is possible to make a statement about the condition and / or the position of the entire outdoor installation; this is possible due to the selected resistance values of the individual resistors. Due to the structure of this network, a particularly high information content is achieved by measuring the cross current in the diagonal A1-A2, because the network behaves similarly to a measuring bridge at this point.
  • the number of resistors provided represents a special type of additional generator which, together with the signal generator connected to the two wires A3, A4, creates a network with a corresponding measurement variable distribution.
  • the AC continuity test shown in FIG. 7 (FIG. 1, FIG. 5) is a special case of the measurement method according to FIG. 3.
  • the three phases of the three-phase network L1, L2, L3 together with the resistors R1, R2, R3 form the signal generator SG.
  • these three generator voltages are actually connected in a star shape.
  • This measuring method is based on the principle that the phase shift between the individual phases and the neutral conductor in the three-phase network already automatically provides time-shifted measured variables which can be detected accordingly.
  • the structure comprising the three-phase coils, the limit switches and the cores of the outdoor system is not considered to be a network which can be used or used according to the invention. Only through the addition according to the invention with a signal generator and possibly an additional generator is a network structure achieved which provides a sufficient number of measured values.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Tests Of Circuit Breakers, Generators, And Electric Motors (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)
  • Control Of Multiple Motors (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Protection Of Generators And Motors (AREA)
EP96103834A 1995-03-28 1996-03-12 Dispositif de surveillance pour installations adjustables en plein air par entraínement à courant triphasé Expired - Lifetime EP0734932B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT55795 1995-03-28
AT55795 1995-03-28
AT557/95 1995-03-28

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0734932A2 true EP0734932A2 (fr) 1996-10-02
EP0734932A3 EP0734932A3 (fr) 1999-06-23
EP0734932B1 EP0734932B1 (fr) 2003-02-19

Family

ID=3493768

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96103834A Expired - Lifetime EP0734932B1 (fr) 1995-03-28 1996-03-12 Dispositif de surveillance pour installations adjustables en plein air par entraínement à courant triphasé

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0734932B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE232805T1 (fr)
CZ (1) CZ89896A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE59610141D1 (fr)
HU (1) HUP9600677A3 (fr)
NO (1) NO961023L (fr)
PL (1) PL179295B1 (fr)
SK (1) SK39896A3 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1593575A1 (fr) * 2004-05-07 2005-11-09 Alcatel Commande électronique d'un aiguillage avec surveillance de sa position
EP1607301A1 (fr) * 2004-06-10 2005-12-21 Alcatel Procédé pour la détection de court circuits entre les conducteurs pour aiguillages
EP1724177A1 (fr) * 2005-05-12 2006-11-22 Alcatel Circuit, commande et système pour contrôler les lames d'aiguille de chemin de fer

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3330869A1 (de) * 1983-08-26 1985-04-04 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Schaltung zum erkennen von erdschluessen in den speisekreisen von drehstrom-weichenantrieben
EP0153900A2 (fr) * 1984-02-09 1985-09-04 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-GmbH Commande et protection d'un servo-aiguillage avec un dispositif de télécommande ou de commande local
DE3715478A1 (de) * 1987-05-06 1988-11-17 Licentia Gmbh Schaltungsanordnung zur ueberwachung einer weiche

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3330869A1 (de) * 1983-08-26 1985-04-04 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Schaltung zum erkennen von erdschluessen in den speisekreisen von drehstrom-weichenantrieben
EP0153900A2 (fr) * 1984-02-09 1985-09-04 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-GmbH Commande et protection d'un servo-aiguillage avec un dispositif de télécommande ou de commande local
DE3715478A1 (de) * 1987-05-06 1988-11-17 Licentia Gmbh Schaltungsanordnung zur ueberwachung einer weiche

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1593575A1 (fr) * 2004-05-07 2005-11-09 Alcatel Commande électronique d'un aiguillage avec surveillance de sa position
EP1607301A1 (fr) * 2004-06-10 2005-12-21 Alcatel Procédé pour la détection de court circuits entre les conducteurs pour aiguillages
CN100439933C (zh) * 2004-06-10 2008-12-03 阿尔卡特公司 识别芯线之间短路的方法和装置
EP1724177A1 (fr) * 2005-05-12 2006-11-22 Alcatel Circuit, commande et système pour contrôler les lames d'aiguille de chemin de fer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HUP9600677A3 (en) 2000-11-28
HUP9600677A2 (en) 1997-05-28
CZ89896A3 (en) 1996-10-16
NO961023L (no) 1996-09-30
PL313510A1 (en) 1996-09-30
SK39896A3 (en) 1998-07-08
ATE232805T1 (de) 2003-03-15
DE59610141D1 (de) 2003-03-27
EP0734932B1 (fr) 2003-02-19
HU9600677D0 (en) 1996-05-28
PL179295B1 (pl) 2000-08-31
EP0734932A3 (fr) 1999-06-23
NO961023D0 (no) 1996-03-13

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