EP0730682A1 - Multi-layered needle punched nonwoven fabric, production and uses thereof - Google Patents

Multi-layered needle punched nonwoven fabric, production and uses thereof

Info

Publication number
EP0730682A1
EP0730682A1 EP95903268A EP95903268A EP0730682A1 EP 0730682 A1 EP0730682 A1 EP 0730682A1 EP 95903268 A EP95903268 A EP 95903268A EP 95903268 A EP95903268 A EP 95903268A EP 0730682 A1 EP0730682 A1 EP 0730682A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
staple fiber
fleece
layer
needle
layers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95903268A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0730682B1 (en
Inventor
Eugen Gutsche
Nang Dinh-Van
Robert Schmitt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MGF Gutsche GmbH and Co KG
MGF Gutsche and Co GmbH Betriebs KG
Original Assignee
MGF Gutsche GmbH and Co KG
MGF Gutsche and Co GmbH Betriebs KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MGF Gutsche GmbH and Co KG, MGF Gutsche and Co GmbH Betriebs KG filed Critical MGF Gutsche GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0730682A1 publication Critical patent/EP0730682A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0730682B1 publication Critical patent/EP0730682B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/541—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/498—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres entanglement of layered webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/559—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving the fibres being within layered webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a multi-ply needle fleece, consisting of a reinforcement with high tensile strength and low elongation and at least one layer of staple fibers, which is connected to the reinforcement by needles. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing such a needle felt and uses thereof.
  • the needling process also poses a risk of damage to the textile yarns. Such damage
  • the first-mentioned problem is solved according to the invention in that the reinforcement is a staple fiber fleece made of bicomponent fibers stretched before the needling with the staple fiber layer or the staple fiber layers, which was subjected to a temperature treatment and simultaneous compression after the needling.
  • Bicomponent fibers are also known under the name "binding fibers" and have been used for the production of nonwovens for over 30 years.
  • Bicomponent fibers are fibers which are composed of two different polymers, at least in their melting point - and thus also in their chemical composition.
  • By the inventive stretching of the staple fiber fleece from bicomponent fibers results in an alignment of the staple fibers, which is fixed by the needling.
  • the connection of the individual staple fibers by melting their low-melting components occurs through the heat treatment according to the invention after needling with the needle fleece.
  • the compression carried out at the same time leads to a high strength in the direction of the orientation of the bicomponent fibers determined by the stretching.
  • the needle punched nonwoven according to the invention has a comparably high strength and low elongation like a needle punched nonwoven with a woven or textile yarn layer as a strength member, but has no material stresses, so that there are no non-uniform deformations.
  • the needled nonwoven according to the invention has significantly better bending properties and a higher porosity compared to staple fiber nonwovens with support fabric, since the carrier layer is not a rigid mass, but a composite composed of individual fibers. Another advantage lies in the controllable stiffness through temperature control of the heterogeneous staple fiber fleece during the heat treatment.
  • the needle-punched nonwoven according to the invention Since in the case of the needle-punched nonwoven according to the invention, a sufficient high tensile strength and low elongation are usually achieved due to the staple fiber nonwoven made of bicomponent fibers, it is sufficient if, according to an advantageous further development of the invention, only the staple fiber layer or the staple fiber layers with a binder solution in the ⁇ are impregnated. This saves binder material. Such impregnation ensures, for example, a sufficiently high abrasion resistance and elasticity of the material. A particularly high strength is achieved if, according to another development of the invention, the needle fleece has a plurality of layers of the strength support made of bicomponent fibers lying one on top of the other.
  • the solution to the problem mentioned in the second place namely the creation of a method for producing a multi-layer needle fleece, in which a reinforcement with high tensile strength and low elongation is connected by at least one layer of staple fibers by modulation, is achieved according to the invention in that ⁇ ger a pre-needling with the staple fiber layer or the staple fiber layers is used staple fiber fleece made of bicomponent fibers and that the needle punch is subjected to a heat treatment after needling the reinforcement with the staple fiber layer or the staple fiber layers.
  • Such a method can be carried out automatically and is very inexpensive. At the same time, it allows the production of heterogeneous staple fiber nonwovens with different bending flexibility by changing the temperature or the duration of the heat treatment at the end of the process.
  • the material consumption of binder solution is particularly low if only the staple fiber layer or the staple fiber layers are impregnated with a binder solution after the heat treatment. At the same time, this results in a particularly high degree of influence on the bending flexibility of the material.
  • Material with a particularly high initial modulus of elasticity results when several layers of the reinforcement made of bicomponent fibers are placed on top of one another and needled together with the staple fiber fleece.
  • the properties of the staple fiber fleece according to the invention are particularly noticeable when the material is used as a belt material for conveyor belts.
  • the very uniform distribution of tensile forces over the entire width of the belt is noticeable in the case of belt material compared to conventional staple fiber nonwovens, which leads to problem-free straight running of the belt. Due to the lower consumption of binder solution, the staple fiber fleece according to the invention can be produced more cost-effectively than comparable materials.
  • the needle fleece according to the invention is used as the filter medium. It is particularly advantageous here that the porosity of the needle fleece can be infinitely adjusted by controlling the heat treatment and compression.
  • the needle fleece according to the invention is distinguished by a filter efficiency that cannot be achieved with a fabric.
  • FIG 3 shows a section through a second embodiment of a needle fleece according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a reinforcement 3 between two staple fiber layers 1, 2, which is a staple fiber fleece made of bicomponent fibers.
  • the connection The staple fiber layers 1, 2 with the reinforcement 3 are fertilized in the usual way by needling, which can be seen in three places, for example at 4, by a changed grain run. Before the needling, the reinforcement 3 was stretched.
  • the staple fiber fleece is subjected to a heat treatment with simultaneous compression. This leads to a connection of the bicomponent fibers because the outer regions of the bicomponent fibers begin to melt due to the heat.
  • the material produced in this way is shown in FIG. 2. As a result of the compression, it has a smaller thickness than in the production stage shown in FIG. 1.
  • the staple fiber layers 1 and 2 are soaked with a binder solution, for example latex, around the one shown in FIG. To achieve condition of the material.
  • a binder solution for example latex

Abstract

The proposed multi-layered needle punched nonwoven fabric comprises at least one staple fibre layer (1, 2) and has as a high-strength support (3) a staple fibre nonwoven fabric made of bi-component fibres of high tensile strength and low streching which is drawn before needle punching with the staple fibre layer. After needle punching with the staple fibre layer (1, 2), the material undergoes heat treatment and simultaneous compression. This makes it particularly suitable as a belt material for conveyor belts.

Description

Beschreibung description
MehrlagigesNadelvlies,Verfahrenzu seinerHerstellungundMulti-layer needle punched nonwoven, process for its production and
VerwendungendesselbenUsing the same
Die Erfindung betrifft ein mehrlagiges Nadelvlies, beste¬ hend aus einem Festigkeitsträger mit hoher Zugfestigkeit und geringer Dehnung und aus zumindest einer Stapelfaser- lage, welche durch Nadeln mit dem Festigkeitsträger ver¬ bunden ist. Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfah¬ ren zur Herstellung eines solchen Nadelvlieses und Ver¬ wendungen desselben.The invention relates to a multi-ply needle fleece, consisting of a reinforcement with high tensile strength and low elongation and at least one layer of staple fibers, which is connected to the reinforcement by needles. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing such a needle felt and uses thereof.
Nadelvliese müssen für manche Anwendungsfälle eine hohe Reißfestigkeit und geringe Dehnung aufweisen, beispiels¬ weise dann, wenn sie als Bandmaterial für Förderbänder verwendet werden sollen. Zur Erzeugung einer ausreichend hohen Festigkeit ist es durch die DE-C-28 42 837 bekannt, als Festigkeitsträger zwischen zwei Nadelvlieslagen eine Lage aus im wesentlichen parallel verlaufenden Textilgar¬ nen einzuschließen. Ein solches mehrlagiges Nadelvlies erreicht zwar die angestrebte Zugfestigkeit und geringe Dehnung, hat jedoch den Nachteil, daß in den Textilgarnen und insbesondere den daraus hergestellten Geweben Span¬ nungen vorhanden sind, welche durch den Nadelungsprozeß noch gefördert und nachhaltig fixiert werden. Diese Span¬ nungen führen beim Einsatz des Stapelfaservlieses dazu, daß sich das Material über seine Breite unterschiedlich längt. Das verursacht beispielsweise bei Verwendung des Stapelfaservlieses als Förderband ein Verlaufen des För¬ derbandes.For some applications, needle punched nonwovens must have a high tear strength and low elongation, for example when they are to be used as belt material for conveyor belts. In order to produce a sufficiently high strength, it is known from DE-C-28 42 837 to include a layer of essentially parallel textile yarns as the strength carrier between two needle-punched nonwoven layers. Such a multi-layer needle punch nonwoven achieves the desired tensile strength and low elongation, but has the disadvantage that there are tensions in the textile yarns and in particular in the fabrics produced therefrom which are further promoted and permanently fixed by the needling process. When the staple fiber fleece is used, these tensions cause the material to stretch differently over its width. This causes, for example, the conveyor belt to run when the staple fiber fleece is used as the conveyor belt.
Durch den Nadelungsprozeß besteht desweiteren die Gefahr einer Schädigung der Textilgarne. Eine solche SchädigungThe needling process also poses a risk of damage to the textile yarns. Such damage
ORIGINAL UNTERLAGEN führt zu unterschiedlichen Festigkeitsverlusten des Fe¬ stigkeitsträgers.ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS leads to different strength losses of the strength carrier.
Zur Vermeidung von unterschiedlichen Materialspannungen ist es durch die DE-A-41 26 117 bei einem Nadelvlies der eingangs genannten Art auch schon bekannt, als Festig¬ keitsträger statt Textilgarne ein dehnungsarmes Spinn- vlies zu verwenden. Mit einem solchen Spinnvlies läßt sich jedoch nur eine wesentlich geringere Festigkeit er¬ reichen als mit Textilgarnen. Man kann zwar für Förder¬ bänder diese Festigkeit erhöhen, indem man das Nadelvlies vollständig mit einer Binderlösung wie zum Beispiel Latex durchtränkt, was jedoch zu einer wesentlichen Erhöhung der Herstellungskosten des Materials führt.To avoid different material tensions, it is already known from DE-A-41 26 117 in the case of a needle punched nonwoven of the type mentioned at the outset to use a low-stretch spunbonded web instead of textile yarns as the strength carrier. With such a spunbonded fabric, however, it is only possible to achieve a considerably lower strength than with textile yarns. This strength can indeed be increased for conveyor belts by completely impregnating the needle fleece with a binder solution such as latex, but this leads to a substantial increase in the manufacturing costs of the material.
Der Erfindung liegt das Problem zugrunde, ein mehrlagiges Nadelvlies der eingangs genannten Art zu entwickeln, wel¬ ches hohe Reißfestigkeit bei geringer Dehnung hat und besonders kostengünstig herstellbar ist. Außerdem soll ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Nadelvlieses und eine besondere Verwendung desselben aufgezeigt wer¬ den.The invention is based on the problem of developing a multi-layer needle punch fleece of the type mentioned at the outset, which has high tear strength with low elongation and is particularly inexpensive to produce. In addition, a method for producing such a needle felt and a special use of the same are to be demonstrated.
Das erstgenannte Problem wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch ge¬ löst, daß der Festigkeitsträger ein vor dem Vemadeln mit der Stapelfaserlage oder den Stapelfaserlagen verstreck¬ tes Stapelfaservlies aus Bikomponentenfasem ist, welches nach dem Vemadeln einer Temperaturbehandlung und gleich¬ zeitigen Verdichtung unterzogen wurde.The first-mentioned problem is solved according to the invention in that the reinforcement is a staple fiber fleece made of bicomponent fibers stretched before the needling with the staple fiber layer or the staple fiber layers, which was subjected to a temperature treatment and simultaneous compression after the needling.
Bikomponentenfasem sind auch unter der Bezeichnung "Bindefasern" bekannt und werden schon seit über 30 Jah¬ ren zur Erzeugung von Vliesstoffen eingesetzt. Bikompo¬ nentenfasem sind Fasern, die aus zwei wenigstens im Schmelzpunkt - und damit auch in der chemischen Zusammen¬ setzung -verschiedenen Polymeren aufgebaut sind. Durch das erfindungsgemäße Verstrecken des Stapelfaservlieses aus Bikomponentenfasem kommt es zu einer Ausrichtung der Stapelfasern, die durch das Vemadeln fixiert wird. Die Verbindung der einzelnen Stapelfasern durch Schmelzen ih¬ rer niedrigschmelzenden Bestandteile tritt durch die erfindungsgemäße Wärmebehandlung nach dem Vemadeln mit dem Nadelvlies ein. Die dabei gleichzeitig vorgenommene Verdichtung führt zu einer hohen Festigkeit in Richtung der durch das Verstrecken festgelegten Orientierung der Bikomponentenfasem.Bicomponent fibers are also known under the name "binding fibers" and have been used for the production of nonwovens for over 30 years. Bicomponent fibers are fibers which are composed of two different polymers, at least in their melting point - and thus also in their chemical composition. By the inventive stretching of the staple fiber fleece from bicomponent fibers results in an alignment of the staple fibers, which is fixed by the needling. The connection of the individual staple fibers by melting their low-melting components occurs through the heat treatment according to the invention after needling with the needle fleece. The compression carried out at the same time leads to a high strength in the direction of the orientation of the bicomponent fibers determined by the stretching.
Das erfindungsgemäße Nadelvlies hat eine vergleichbar hohe Festigkeit und geringe Dehnung wie ein Nadelvlies mit einem Gewebe oder Textilgarnlagen als Festigkeitsträ¬ ger, weist jedoch keine Materialspannungen auf, so daß es nicht zu ungleichförmigen Verformungen kommt. Das Nadel¬ vlies nach der Erfindung hat deutlich bessere Biegeeigen¬ schaften und eine höhere Porosität im Vergleich zu Sta¬ pelfaservliesen mit Stützgewebe, da es sich bei der Trä¬ gerschicht nicht um eine starre Masse, sondern um einen aus Einzelfasern aufgebauten Verbund handelt. Ein weite¬ rer Vorteil liegt in der regelbaren Steifigkeit durch Temperatursteuerung des heterogenen Stapelfaservlieses bei der Wärmebehandlung.The needle punched nonwoven according to the invention has a comparably high strength and low elongation like a needle punched nonwoven with a woven or textile yarn layer as a strength member, but has no material stresses, so that there are no non-uniform deformations. The needled nonwoven according to the invention has significantly better bending properties and a higher porosity compared to staple fiber nonwovens with support fabric, since the carrier layer is not a rigid mass, but a composite composed of individual fibers. Another advantage lies in the controllable stiffness through temperature control of the heterogeneous staple fiber fleece during the heat treatment.
Da bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Nadelvlies durch das Stapel- faservlies aus Bikomponentenfasem bereits eine im Regel¬ fall ausreichend hohe Reißfestigkeit und geringe Dehnung entsteht, genügt es, wenn gemäß einer vorteilhaften Wei¬ terbildung der Erfindung ausschließlich die Stapelfaser¬ lage oder die Stapelfaserlagen mit einer Binderlösung im¬ prägniert sind. Dadurch kommt es zu einer Ersparnis an Bindermaterial. Eine solche Imprägnierung sorgt bei¬ spielsweise für eine ausreichend hohe Abriebfestigkeit und Elastizität des Materials. Eine besonders hohe Festigkeit erreicht man, wenn gemäß einer anderen Weiterbildung der Erfindung das Nadelvlies mehrere aufeinanderliegende Lagen des Festigkeitsträgers aus Bikomponentenfasem aufweist.Since in the case of the needle-punched nonwoven according to the invention, a sufficient high tensile strength and low elongation are usually achieved due to the staple fiber nonwoven made of bicomponent fibers, it is sufficient if, according to an advantageous further development of the invention, only the staple fiber layer or the staple fiber layers with a binder solution in the ¬ are impregnated. This saves binder material. Such impregnation ensures, for example, a sufficiently high abrasion resistance and elasticity of the material. A particularly high strength is achieved if, according to another development of the invention, the needle fleece has a plurality of layers of the strength support made of bicomponent fibers lying one on top of the other.
Die Lösung des an zweiter Stelle genannte Problems, näm¬ lich die Schaffung eines Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mehrlagigen Nadelvlieses, bei dem ein Festigkeitsträger mit hoher Zugfestigkeit und geringer Dehnung durch Vema¬ deln mit zumindest einer Stapelfaserläge verbunden wird, gelingt erfindungsgemäß dadurch, daß als Festigkeitsträ¬ ger ein vor dem Vemadeln mit der Stapelfaserlage oder den Stapelfaserlagen verstrecktes Stapelfaservlies aus Bikomponentenfasem verwendet wird und daß das Nadelvlies nach dem Vemadeln des Festigkeitsträgers mit der Stapel¬ faserlage oder den Stapelfaserlagen einer Wärmebehandlung unterzogen wird.The solution to the problem mentioned in the second place, namely the creation of a method for producing a multi-layer needle fleece, in which a reinforcement with high tensile strength and low elongation is connected by at least one layer of staple fibers by modulation, is achieved according to the invention in that ¬ ger a pre-needling with the staple fiber layer or the staple fiber layers is used staple fiber fleece made of bicomponent fibers and that the needle punch is subjected to a heat treatment after needling the reinforcement with the staple fiber layer or the staple fiber layers.
Ein solches Verfahren kann automatisch durchgeführt wer¬ den und ist sehr kostengünstig. Zugleich erlaubt es die Herstellung von heterogenen Stapelfaservliesen unter¬ schiedlicher Biegeflexibilität durch Verändern der Tempe¬ ratur oder Wärmebehandlungsdauer am Ende des Verfahrens.Such a method can be carried out automatically and is very inexpensive. At the same time, it allows the production of heterogeneous staple fiber nonwovens with different bending flexibility by changing the temperature or the duration of the heat treatment at the end of the process.
Der Materialverbrauch an Binderlösung ist besonders ge¬ ring, wenn nach der Wärmebehandlung ausschließlich die Stapelfaserlage oder die Stapelfaserlagen mit einer Bin¬ derlösung imprägniert werden. Gleichzeitig ergibt sich hierdurch eine besonders hohe Beeinflußbarkeit der Biege¬ flexibilität des Materials.The material consumption of binder solution is particularly low if only the staple fiber layer or the staple fiber layers are impregnated with a binder solution after the heat treatment. At the same time, this results in a particularly high degree of influence on the bending flexibility of the material.
Material mit besonders hohem Anfangs-Elastizitätsmodul ergibt sich, wenn mehrere Lagen des Festigkeitsträgers aus Bikomponentenfasem aufeinandergelegt und mit dem Stapelfaservlies gemeinsam vernadelt werden. - 5 -Material with a particularly high initial modulus of elasticity results when several layers of the reinforcement made of bicomponent fibers are placed on top of one another and needled together with the staple fiber fleece. - 5 -
Die Eigenschaften des erfindungsgemäßen Stapelfaservlie¬ ses machen sich besonders vorteilhaft bemerkbar, wenn man das Material als Bandmaterial für Förderbänder verwendet. Insbesondere macht sich bei Bandmaterial gegenüber her¬ kömmlichen Stapelfaservliesen die sehr gleichmäßige Ver¬ teilung von Zugkräften über die ganze Breite des Bandes bemerkbar, was zu einem problemlosen Geradlauf des Bandes führt. Durch den geringeren Verbrauch an Binderlösung ist das erfindungsgemäße Stapelfaservlies kostengünstiger herstellbar als vergleichbare Materialien.The properties of the staple fiber fleece according to the invention are particularly noticeable when the material is used as a belt material for conveyor belts. In particular, the very uniform distribution of tensile forces over the entire width of the belt is noticeable in the case of belt material compared to conventional staple fiber nonwovens, which leads to problem-free straight running of the belt. Due to the lower consumption of binder solution, the staple fiber fleece according to the invention can be produced more cost-effectively than comparable materials.
Eine andere vorteilhafte Verwendung liegt vor, wenn man das erfindungsgemäße Nadelvlies als Filtermedium ein¬ setzt. Hierbei ist besonders vorteilhaft, daß man durch Steuerung der Wärmebehandlung und Verdichtung die Porosi¬ tät des Nadelvlieses stufenlos einstellen kann. Das er¬ findungsgemäße Nadelvlies zeichnet sich durch eine Fil¬ tereffizienz aus, die nicht mit einem Gewebe zu erreichen ist.Another advantageous use is when the needle fleece according to the invention is used as the filter medium. It is particularly advantageous here that the porosity of the needle fleece can be infinitely adjusted by controlling the heat treatment and compression. The needle fleece according to the invention is distinguished by a filter efficiency that cannot be achieved with a fabric.
Zur weiteren Verdeutlichung der Erfindung wird nachfol¬ gend auf die Zeichnung Bezug genommen. Diese zeigt inTo further clarify the invention, reference is made below to the drawing. This shows in
Fig.l einen Schnitt durch ein Nadelvlies nach der Erfindung in einem noch unvollendeten Ferti¬ gungszustand,1 shows a section through a needle fleece according to the invention in a still incomplete state of manufacture,
Fig.2 einen Schnitt durch das fertige, erfindungs¬ gemäße Nadelvlies,2 shows a section through the finished needle fleece according to the invention,
Fig.3 einen Schnitt durch eine zweite Ausführungs¬ form eines erfindungsgemäßen Nadelvlieses.3 shows a section through a second embodiment of a needle fleece according to the invention.
Die Figur 1 zeigt zwischen zwei Stapelfaserlagen 1, 2 einen Festigkeitsträger 3, bei dem es sich um ein Stapel¬ faservlies aus Bikomponentenfasem handelt. Die Verbin- düng der Stapelfaserlagen 1, 2 mit dem Festigkeitsträger 3 erfolgt auf übliche Weise durch Vemadeln, was an drei Stellen, beispielsweise bei 4, durch einen geänderten Fa¬ serverlauf zu erkennen ist. Vor dem Vemadeln wurde der Festigkeitsträger 3 verstreckt.FIG. 1 shows a reinforcement 3 between two staple fiber layers 1, 2, which is a staple fiber fleece made of bicomponent fibers. The connection The staple fiber layers 1, 2 with the reinforcement 3 are fertilized in the usual way by needling, which can be seen in three places, for example at 4, by a changed grain run. Before the needling, the reinforcement 3 was stretched.
Nach dem Vemadeln wird das Stapelfaservlies einer Wärme¬ behandlung unter gleichzeitiger Verdichtung unterzogen. Dadurch kommt es zu einem Verbinden der Bikomponentenfa¬ sem, weil die äußeren Bereiche der Bikomponentenfasem durch die Wärme zu schmelzen beginnen. Das auf diese Weise entstehende Material ist in Figur 2 dargestellt. Es hat infolge der Verdichtung eine geringere Dicke als in der in Figur 1 gezeigten Fertigungsstufe.After needling, the staple fiber fleece is subjected to a heat treatment with simultaneous compression. This leads to a connection of the bicomponent fibers because the outer regions of the bicomponent fibers begin to melt due to the heat. The material produced in this way is shown in FIG. 2. As a result of the compression, it has a smaller thickness than in the production stage shown in FIG. 1.
Wenn man das Material als Bandmaterial für Förderbänder benutzen will, dann tränkt man bei dem in Figur 2 gezeig¬ ten Material die Stapelfaserlagen 1 und 2, jedoch nicht den Festigkeitsträger 3 mit einer Binderlösung, bei¬ spielsweise Latex, um den in Figur 3 gezeigten, Zustand des Materials zu erreichen. If one wants to use the material as a belt material for conveyor belts, then in the material shown in FIG. 2, the staple fiber layers 1 and 2, but not the strength member 3, are soaked with a binder solution, for example latex, around the one shown in FIG. To achieve condition of the material.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Mehrlagiges Nadelvlies, bestehend aus einem Festig¬ keitsträger mit hoher Zugfestigkeit und geringer Dehnung und aus zumindest einer Stapelfaserlage, welche durch Na¬ deln mit dem Festigkeitsträger verbunden ist, dadurch ge¬ kennzeichnet, daß der Festigkeitsträger (3) ein vor dem Vemadeln mit der Stapelfaserlage oder den Stapelfaserla¬ gen (1, 2) verstrecktes Stapelfaservlies aus Bikomponen¬ tenfasem ist, welches nach dem Vemadeln einer Wärmebe¬ handlung und gleichzeitiger Verdichtung unterzogen wurde.1. Multi-layer needle punch, consisting of a strength carrier with high tensile strength and low elongation and from at least one staple fiber layer, which is connected by needles to the strength carrier, characterized in that the strength carrier (3) has a pre-needling with the staple fiber layer or the staple fiber layers (1, 2) is stretched staple fiber fleece made from bicomponent fibers, which was subjected to heat treatment and simultaneous compression after needling.
2. Mehrlagiges Nadelvlies nach Anspruch 1, dadurch ge¬ kennzeichnet, daß ausschließlich die Stapelfaserlage oder die Stapelfaserlagen (1, 2) mit einer Binderlösung imprä¬ gniert sind.2. Multi-layer needle punch according to claim 1, characterized ge indicates that only the staple fiber layer or the staple fiber layers (1, 2) are impregnated with a binder solution.
3. Mehrlagiges Nadelvlies nach den Ansprüchen 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es mehrere aufeinanderlie- gende Lagen des Festigkeitsträgers (3) aus Bikomponenten¬ fasem aufweist.3. Multi-layer needle felt according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that it has a plurality of layers of the reinforcement (3) of bicomponent fibers lying one on top of the other.
4. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mehrlagigen Nadelvlie¬ ses, bei dem ein Festigkeitsträger mit hoher Zugfestig¬ keit und geringer Dehnung durch Vemadeln mit zumindest einer Stapelfaserlage verbunden wird, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß als Festigkeitsträger ein vor dem Vemadeln mit der Stapelfaserlage oder den Stapelfaserlagen ver¬ strecktes Stapelfaservlies aus Bikomponentenfasem ver¬ wendet wird und daß das Nadelvlies nach dem Vemadeln des Festigkeitsträgers mit der Stapelfaserlage oder den Sta¬ pelfaserlagen einer Wärmebehandlung unterzogen wird.4. A process for the production of a multi-ply needle fleece, in which a reinforcement with high tensile strength and low elongation is connected by needling to at least one staple fiber layer, characterized in that the reinforcement in front of needling is the staple fiber layer or the staple fiber layers stretched staple fiber fleece made of bicomponent fibers is used and that the needle fleece is subjected to a heat treatment after the reinforcing element has been needled with the staple fiber layer or the staple fiber layers.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nach der Wärmebehandlung ausschließlich die Stapelfaser- läge oder die Stapelfaserlagen mit einer Binderlösung im¬ prägniert werden.5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that after the heat treatment only the staple fiber layer or the staple fiber layers are impregnated with a binder solution.
6. Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 4 oder 5, dadurch ge¬ kennzeichnet, daß mehrere Lagen des Festigkeitsträgers aus Bikomponentenfasem aufeinandergelegt und mit dem Stapelfaservlies gemeinsam vernadelt werden.6. The method according to claims 4 or 5, characterized ge indicates that several layers of the strength member made of bicomponent fibers are superimposed and needled together with the staple fiber fleece.
7. Verwendung des mehrlagigen Nadelvlieses nach zumindest einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche als Bandmaterial für Förderbänder.7. Use of the multi-layer needle punch fleece according to at least one of the preceding claims as a belt material for conveyor belts.
8. Verwendung des mehrlagigen Nadelvlieses nach den An¬ sprüchen 1 oder 3 als Filtermedium. 8. Use of the multilayer needle fleece according to claims 1 or 3 as a filter medium.
EP95903268A 1993-11-22 1994-11-22 Multi-layered needle punched nonwoven fabric, production and uses thereof Expired - Lifetime EP0730682B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4339709 1993-11-22
DE4339709A DE4339709A1 (en) 1993-11-22 1993-11-22 Multi-layer needle punched nonwoven, process for its manufacture and use
PCT/EP1994/003863 WO1995014803A1 (en) 1993-11-22 1994-11-22 Multi-layered needle punched nonwoven fabric, production and uses thereof

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0730682A1 true EP0730682A1 (en) 1996-09-11
EP0730682B1 EP0730682B1 (en) 2000-02-09

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95903268A Expired - Lifetime EP0730682B1 (en) 1993-11-22 1994-11-22 Multi-layered needle punched nonwoven fabric, production and uses thereof

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0730682B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE189713T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4339709A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2144602T3 (en)
PT (1) PT730682E (en)
WO (1) WO1995014803A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0730682B1 (en) 2000-02-09
PT730682E (en) 2000-07-31
DE4339709A1 (en) 1995-05-24
ATE189713T1 (en) 2000-02-15
ES2144602T3 (en) 2000-06-16
WO1995014803A1 (en) 1995-06-01
DE59409147D1 (en) 2000-03-16

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