EP0724245B1 - Passiver Infrarot-Melder, der die von einem Objekt emittierte Wärmestrahlung spektral auswertet - Google Patents
Passiver Infrarot-Melder, der die von einem Objekt emittierte Wärmestrahlung spektral auswertet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0724245B1 EP0724245B1 EP96100813A EP96100813A EP0724245B1 EP 0724245 B1 EP0724245 B1 EP 0724245B1 EP 96100813 A EP96100813 A EP 96100813A EP 96100813 A EP96100813 A EP 96100813A EP 0724245 B1 EP0724245 B1 EP 0724245B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- red detector
- passive infra
- radiation
- spectral
- signals
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
- G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
- G08B13/19—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using infrared-radiation detection systems
Definitions
- the invention relates to a passive infrared detector according to the The preamble of claim 1.
- a passive infrared detector is known for example from US-A-4,245,217.
- Passive infrared detectors are generally used to cover a room area to monitor and a person entering here as a heat source capture. The reporting of such a heat source can depending on the type of task on switching on the lighting restrict a room or trigger an alarm.
- Common passive infrared detectors do not allow differentiated spectral assessment of a heat source, but perform independently whether this is an intruder, the outbreak a fire, or a strong headlight, to a message as soon as the heat source reaches a minimum level Thermal radiation reached. However, a warning should appear on it restrict, e.g. B. only register intruders, so it is very annoying if it is also a strong one Headlights succeed in triggering an alarm.
- a passive infrared detector which is the heat emission of an intruder from the would be able to distinguish between a strong headlight of great advantage.
- the object of the invention is therefore a passive infrared detector to improve according to the preamble of claim 1 that it is possible to use different radiation objects with one device Kind of differentiating spectrally at the same time and thus on the one hand to reduce the false alarm rate and on the other hand to create an expanded functional area.
- this has a memory in the basic pattern the emission characteristics of various types distinguishing radiation objects are stored. Usually it is sufficient to use the individual spectral channels To record voltage amplitudes. It is advantageous in everyone spectral channel to store an average of the voltage amplitude.
- the basic pattern to be recorded depends on what discrete wavelength ranges the multispectral sensor is able to differentiate between them.
- the central functional unit Evaluation circuit serves a logic unit
- the z. B. as a microprocessor can be built, and the individual, from Multispectral sensor coming with wavelength-dependent signals compares the signal spectra coming from the memory. An identification can according to the size match between the Measured and stored values are done.
- the logic unit is an output unit controls which in turn controls the identified radiation object characteristic message generated, this immediately can be spent, or by appropriate means is transmitted remotely.
- the nature of a radiation object is essentially determined by this recognizable that in certain spectral channels with a relatively higher or lower voltage amplitude occurs than that is the case with other radiation objects.
- the evaluation circuit is therefore provided with an amplitude evaluator, to record the respective mean value of the voltage amplitudes of the individual spectra.
- the amplitude evaluator can be connected upstream of the logic unit or integrated into it become.
- the base signal can be calculated from the remaining the signals representing the wavelength ranges used derive or analog directly to the other signals generate in the multispectral sensor by using one accordingly broadband channel that include everyone else can, provides.
- the logic unit must be used ensure the correct relation by taking the mean the voltage amplitude of the total frequency range as Base value for comparison with a corresponding one from memory coming value used and the amplitude ratio of this both values taken into account in the overall evaluation.
- the logic unit allows it other criteria for the one to be carried out Evaluation to take into account. It is therefore envisaged that in addition to the signals of the individual spectral channels at least a special signal is provided to the logic unit feeds at least one piece of special information. This can either be such that they identify the radiation object facilitated or the way of their output to the output unit influenced. With such special signals, the time of day, the ambient brightness and other factors are taken into account.
- the multispectral sensor has an aperture possesses that approximately in the image plane of the focusing optics lies. It is advisable to set up the multispectral sensor so that the incident total radiation is initially spatial and then spectrally decomposed and then optoelectric Transducer elements arrives. For spatial separation you can in Suitable splitter optics behind the aperture arrange and between this and the transducer elements in each at least one of the partial beam paths thus formed is selective arrange the bandpass element.
- the bandpass element must be for this ensure that only a relatively narrow wavelength range can happen. In principle, there are several options here on.
- the transducer element could also be constructed in such a way that it only responds to a very specific wavelength range.
- the optoelectric Electrical bandpass filters are arranged that only pass signals of a certain frequency spectrum to let.
- a lens 1 behind a lens 1 is a passive infrared detector a multispectral sensor 3 in the area of Image plane of this optics 1 arranged. From an unspecified Radiation object 9, thermal radiation 2 is emitted and focused on the multispectral sensor 3 by the optics 1.
- the housing 11 consists of a housing pot 12 whose end 14 has a central inlet opening 16 for the Entry of radiation 18 to be measured into the interior of the housing 11 is arranged.
- the housing 11 is on its Front side 14 opposite side of a housing base 20 completed and has a broadband on the entry side infrared transparent window 15.
- Pins 22 are perpendicular to the housing base 20 down from.
- a wiring carrier 24 is on the housing base 20 arranged, on which in turn an approximately cubic cage 26 is mounted is.
- the one facing the inlet opening 16 of the housing pot 12 Top of the cage 26 is designed as an aperture diaphragm 28, which has a central aperture 30.
- a pyramid 34 On the bottom of the cage is a pyramid 34 with a square base arranged.
- the lateral surfaces facing the aperture 30 of the pyramid 34 have a high degree of reflection for the through the total radiation 18 entering the aperture 30.
- the total radiation 18 turns on after passing through the aperture 30 the surface of the pyramid 34 toward the side walls of the cage 26, which in turn is reflected by infrared bandpass filters 36 are formed.
- These filters 36 each have mutually different transmission areas outside of them are highly reflective. Therefore, it arrives in the transmission area spectral part of the radiation 18 of the filter 36 through the filter 36 to a radiation sensitive Element 38, which is in the beam path behind the filter 36, i. H. on the outside of the cage 26 is arranged.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the optical parts shown an evaluation circuit 4 to 8, with the help of which an evaluation of the multispectral sensor 3 coming signals.
- From the connector pins 22 of the multispectral sensor 3 signals A1 to A4 via filter 4 and amplitude evaluators 5 fed to a logic unit 6.
- the logic unit 6 is simultaneously connected to a memory 7, in the basic spectral pattern of the emission characteristic radiation objects of a different type but different from one another 9 are stored. So that the basic pattern for comparison are suitable with the help of a multispectral sensor of the type used and therefore contain an exact Image of the spectra selected by the multispectral sensor 3 become.
- a summer 10 which consists of the signals A1 to A4 generates a base signal A0, which is used as a comparison signal can serve.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
- Spectrometry And Color Measurement (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- einen Ausschnitt aus einem Passiv-Infrarot-Melder seitlich im Schnitt,
- Fig. 2
- einen Multispektralsensor,
- Fig. 3
- ein Blockschaltbild der zum Passiv-Infrarot-Melder gehörigen elektrischen Schaltung.
Claims (16)
- Passiv-Infrarot-Melder mit einer Optik (1), die aus einem Raumbereich einfallende, von einem zu erfassenden Strahlungsobjekt (9) emittierte Wärmestrahlung (2) auf einen Infrarotsensor (3) fokussiert, der ein elektrisches Signal erzeugt, das zu einer Meldung genutzt wird, die das Auftreten eines Strahlungsobjektes (9) in einem überwachten Raum erkennbar macht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Infrarotsensor (3) ein Multispektralsensor dient, der die auftreffende Wärmestrahlung in mehrere diskrete Wellenlängenbereiche zerlegt und für diese entsprechende wellenlängenabhängige elektrische Signale (A1 bis A4) erzeugt, und daß eine Bewertungsschaltung (4 bis 8) die elektischen Signale (A1-A4) in Abhängigkeit von der spezifischen Emissionscharakteristik nachzuweisender Strahlungsobjekte (9) bewertet und eine die Art des Strahlungsobjektes (9) identifizierende Meldung abgibt.
- Passiv-Infrarot-Melder nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bewertungsschaltung (4 bis 8) einen Speicher (7) besitzt, in dem Grundmuster der Emissionscharakteristik verschieden gearteter, zu unterscheidender Strahlungsobjekte (9) gespeichert sind.
- Passiv-Infrarot-Melder nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das jeweilige Grundmuster die Signale in den einzelnen spektralen Kanälen und jeweils einen Mittelwert von deren Spannungsamplituden definiert und die Festlegung des jeweiligen Grundmusters entsprechend den vom Multispektralsensor (3) selektierbaren Wellenlängenspektren erfolgt.
- Passiv-Infrarot-Melder nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bewertungsschaltung eine Logikeinheit (6) besitzt, die die einzelnen vom Multispektralsensor (3) kommenden Signalspektren mit den vom Speicher (7) kommenden Signalspektren vergleicht und das Strahlungsobjekt (9) mit der größten Übereinstimmung zwischen den Meß- und Speicherwerten ermittelt.
- Passiv-Infrarot-Melder nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Logikeinheit (6) eine Ausgabeeinheit (8) so steuert, daß diese eine das identifizierte Strahlungsobjekt (9) kennzeichnende Meldung erzeugt und diese unmittelbar oder über eine Fernübertragung ausgibt.
- Passiv-Infrarot-Melder nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bewertungsschaltung (4-8) Amplitudenauswerter besitzt, die in die Logikeinheit (6) integriert oder_dieser vorgeschaltet sind und die zur Erfassung des jeweiligen Mittelwertes der Spannungsamplituden in den einzelnen spektralen Kanälen dienen.
- Passiv-Infrarot-Melder nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß neben den durch die einzelnen spektralen Kanäle gebildeten Signalen (A1 bis A4) ein Basissignal (A0) vorgesehen ist, das den gesamten Spektralbereich erfaßt und das der Logikeinheit (6) als Vergleichsgröße zugeführt ist.
- Passiv-Infrarot-Melder nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Erzeugung des Basissignals (A0) ein Summierer (10) dient, der die übrigen, den gesamten Spektralbereich repräsentierenden Signale (A1 bis A0) summiert.
- Passiv-Infrarot-Melder nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Basissignal (A0) bereits vom Multispektralsensor (3) kommt, der es aus einem den Gesamtwellenlängenbereich repräsentierenden Infrarotsignal erzeugt.
- Passiv-Infrarot-Melder nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 7 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Logikeinheit (6) den Mittelwert der Spannungsamplitude des Gesamtwellenlängenbereiches als Basiswert für den Vergleich mit einem entsprechenden vom Speicher (8) kommenden Wert benutzt und das Amplitudenverhältnis dieser beiden Werte bei der Gesamtauswertung berücksichtigt.
- Passiv-Infrarot-Melder nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß neben den Signalen (A0-A4) für die einzelnen spektralen Kanäle noch mindestens ein Sondersignal (AS) vorgesehen ist, das der Logikeinheit (6) mindestens eine Sonderinformation zuführt, die eine Identifikation des Strahlungsobjektes (9) erleichtert oder die Art ihrer Ausgabe an die Ausgabeeinheit (8) beeinflußt.
- Passiv-Infrarot-Melder nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Multispektralsensor (3) eine Apertur (30) besitzt, die annähernd in der Bildebene der fokussierenden Optik (1) liegt.
- Passiv-Infrarot-Melder nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die über die Apertur (30) in das Innere des Multispektralsensors (3) einfallende Gesamtstrahlung (14) zunächst räumlich und dann spektral zerlegt wird und danach auf optoelektische Wandlerelemente (38) gelangt.
- Passiv-Infrarot-Melder nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Strahlengang hinter der Apertur (30) eine zur räumlichen Trennung der Gesamtstrahlung (14) dienende Teileroptik (34) im Multispektralsensor (3) angeordnet ist, und zwischen dieser und den Wandlerelementen (38) in jedem der so gebildeten Teilstrahlengänge mindestens ein selektiv wirkendes Bandpaßelement angeordnet ist, das nur einen relativ schmalen Wellenlängenbereich passieren läßt.
- Passiv-Infrarot-Melder nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Bandpaßelement ein selektiv reflektierender Spiegel (34), ein optisches Filter (35) oder ein selektiv wirkendes Wandlerelement (38) ist.
- Passiv-Infrarot-Melder nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bewertungsschaltung (4 bis 8) elektrische Bandpaßfilter (4) enthält, die nur Signale (A1 bis A4) eines bestimmten Spektrums passieren lassen.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19502521 | 1995-01-27 | ||
DE19502521A DE19502521A1 (de) | 1995-01-27 | 1995-01-27 | Passiv-Infrarot-Melder mit einer Optik, die von einem Strahlungsobjekt emittierte Wärmestrahlung auf einen Infrarotsensor fokussiert |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0724245A1 EP0724245A1 (de) | 1996-07-31 |
EP0724245B1 true EP0724245B1 (de) | 2000-01-26 |
Family
ID=7752445
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96100813A Expired - Lifetime EP0724245B1 (de) | 1995-01-27 | 1996-01-20 | Passiver Infrarot-Melder, der die von einem Objekt emittierte Wärmestrahlung spektral auswertet |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0724245B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE189330T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19502521A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2734157A1 (de) * | 1958-02-22 | 1979-02-01 | Heimann Gmbh | Passiver infrarot-alarmgeber |
SE7604502L (sv) * | 1976-04-15 | 1977-10-16 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | Optisk branddetektor |
IL65906A (en) * | 1982-05-27 | 1990-03-19 | Spectronix Ltd | Apparatus for detection and destruction of incoming objects |
US4790654A (en) * | 1987-07-17 | 1988-12-13 | Trw Inc. | Spectral filter |
DE8908668U1 (de) * | 1988-08-02 | 1989-10-12 | Heimann Gmbh, 6200 Wiesbaden, De | |
EP0354067A3 (de) * | 1988-08-04 | 1991-04-10 | Gec Avionics, Inc. | Infrarot-Spektraldifferenzdetektor |
US5113076A (en) * | 1989-12-19 | 1992-05-12 | Santa Barbara Research Center | Two terminal multi-band infrared radiation detector |
FR2664382B1 (fr) * | 1990-07-03 | 1992-10-09 | Dilor | Installation de spectrometrie dispersive a detection multicanale perfectionnee. |
DE4133481C2 (de) * | 1991-10-09 | 1994-08-11 | Ultrakust Electronic Gmbh | Multispektralsensor |
US5371542A (en) * | 1992-06-23 | 1994-12-06 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Dual waveband signal processing system |
DE4236618A1 (de) * | 1992-10-29 | 1994-05-05 | Hirschmann Richard Gmbh Co | Anordnung zum Verhindern von Fehlalarmen bei Bewegungsmeldern mit einem Infrarot-Detektor |
CH684717A5 (de) * | 1993-03-26 | 1994-11-30 | Cerberus Ag | Infraroteindringdetektor. |
DE4315183A1 (de) * | 1993-05-07 | 1994-11-10 | Merten Gmbh & Co Kg Geb | Bewegungsmelder |
-
1995
- 1995-01-27 DE DE19502521A patent/DE19502521A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1996
- 1996-01-20 DE DE59604261T patent/DE59604261D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-01-20 EP EP96100813A patent/EP0724245B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-01-20 AT AT96100813T patent/ATE189330T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE189330T1 (de) | 2000-02-15 |
EP0724245A1 (de) | 1996-07-31 |
DE19502521A1 (de) | 1996-08-01 |
DE59604261D1 (de) | 2000-03-02 |
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