EP0721393A1

EP0721393A1 - Transporter-mixer for bulk-material/liquid mixtures

Info

Publication number: EP0721393A1
Application number: EP94926802A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Frank Hoferichter; Frank Herrmann; Holger Dietrich
Original assignee: Imk Ingenieurkontor fur Maschinenkonstruktion GmbH
Current assignee: Imk Ingenieurkontor fur Maschinenkonstruktion GmbH
Priority date: 1993-09-29
Filing date: 1994-09-15
Publication date: 1996-07-17
Anticipated expiration: 2014-09-15
Also published as: CN1132486A; CA2171841C; RU2120375C1; BG100416A; PL175489B1; ES2109729T3; ATE158223T1; CN1041907C; GR3025665T3; BR9407663A; AU8099394A; FI961409A0; KR0178701B1; DK0721393T3; US5683177A; PL313518A1; WO1995009074A1; DE59404114D1; FI961409A; HUT76188A

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/DE94/01094 Sec. 371 Date Feb. 26, 1996 Sec. 102(e) Date Feb. 26, 1996 PCT Filed Sep. 15, 1994 PCT Pub. No. WO95/09074 PCT Pub. Date Apr. 6, 1995A transporter-mixer for bulk-material/liquid mixtures has a cylindrical transport container mounted on a support frame with its longitudinal axis approximately horizontal and a controllable container-drive unit whose direction is reversible as a function of the angle of rotation. Fitted on the transport container periphery is a closable loading hatch which opens into the transport container. Mounted on the transport container's inside wall is a mixing screw and at a rear end of the container is an annular discharge channel with an inwards-facing discharge port. The mean height of the mixing screw is, at the most, 15% of the container diameter and a curved, enclosed guide channel of essentially constant cross-section connects the annular discharge channel and a central discharge port.

Description

Bulk bulk mixers — liquid mixtures

The invention relates to a transport mixer for bulk liquid-liquid mixtures, consisting of a cylindrical transport container mounted on a frame with an approximately horizontal axis and a reversible, controllable drive for the transport container depending on the angle of rotation, the transport container having a closable filling opening on its Is provided circumference, has a conveyor spiral on the inside of its cylinder wall and has an annular discharge channel with an inwardly directed discharge opening in the region of its rear end wall.

Transport mixers of the type mentioned include by the

U.S. Patent 2,038,158 has become known.

The transport mixer described there has a cylindrical transport container, the longitudinal axis of which is arranged horizontally on the frame of a vehicle.

A drive motor is assigned to the transport container and can rotate the cylindrical transport container - guided by corresponding bearings on the frame - about its axis.

The transport container has a lockable on its cylinder wall approximately in the middle of its length

Filling opening that can be opened when it is located on the top of the transport container.

A mixing spiral is arranged on the cylindrical inner wall of the transport container, through which the viscous concrete in the transport container is axially conveyed and mixed in the process. At the rear end of the transport container there is an opening on the face near the circumference of the transport container through which the mixture is passed into an annular discharge channel.

This discharge channel extends approximately over an angle of 240 °. A second channel is assigned to it on the inside.

If the rear end of the discharge channel reaches below the surface of the viscous mixture, the mixture located in the discharge channel is first led into this second channel.

A spiral wall is arranged downstream of both channels, which leads the mixture which flows out of these channels as it rotates further back to the central discharge opening. This discharge opening is open to the rear of the transport container.

This arrangement has a large number of decisive disadvantages which ultimately have led to the fact that this basic concept has not been followed for over 60 years and instead the pear-shaped transport containers with an inclined axis of rotation have been used in general.

The shortcomings of the execution according to US-2038158 consist in particular in

that the filling opening on the outer circumference of the cylinder could not be closed with sufficient security,

- That the energy to be applied by the vehicle was insufficient to ensure at least the maintenance of the mixture during transport and

- That it was not possible to ensure a quick and continuous emptying of the transport container while avoiding overflow during transport. The cleaning of the transport container still poses considerable problems to this day. The amount of water that is necessary in the horizontal arrangement of the axis of the cylindrical transport container in the known embodiment exceeds the economically acceptable level.

For these reasons, as already mentioned, the transport containers with an inclined arrangement of the axis have been used.

With the increasing need for the rapid transport of large quantities of lightweight concrete, screed or other curable thick matter, there is a need to increase the transportable volume of the transport mixers.

Here the inclined transport containers have reached their application limit. The load of the transport container cannot be distributed evenly over the axles of the transport vehicle, so that individual axles would far exceed the load capacity of the roads.

The object of the invention is to provide a transport mixer with a horizontal, cylindrical transport container,

which is suitable for distributing large amounts of the mixture within the transport container with the least energy expenditure,

- which ensures complete sealing of the transport container during transport,

which maintains the mixture with little expenditure of energy during transport,

- which enables fast, almost continuous emptying of the transport container and

- Can be cleaned with little water during the return trip to the loading location. This complex task is solved in a fundamentally new way by the features of claim 1.

The one located in the middle of the shipping container

Filling opening ensures a quick inflow and

Spread the mixture in the transport container.

The conveyor spiral does not have to be involved in the distribution process.

The position and arrangement of the flap ensures tight sealing of the transport container during the

Transport.

The height of the mixing spiral, which has been reduced to a minimum, enables the mixture to be maintained even at a very high level with little energy consumption.

The design of the discharge channel ensures that large quantities of the mixture can be applied almost continuously in a very short time.

The discharge channel is simple in its design, allows an undisturbed flow of mixture on the one hand and on the other hand of the cleaning water into the space of the transport container.

Even with a high fill level and extreme inclination of the transport container, it is almost impossible that mixture can get out through the discharge opening during transport.

The proposed combination enables large quantities of bulk material mixtures to be transported with short loading and unloading times.

A capacity of up to 15 can be achieved with such designs.

The limit of the capacity of the inclined, pear-shaped transport containers is 12m ³ . With the execution of the inlet opening according to claim 2, it is possible to control the flap with simple means where it must be during the opening process. Circulating control mechanisms are largely avoided.

The design of the opening mechanism according to claim 3 ensures the use of simple, proven and robust control elements which guarantee high functionality.

The control of the opening mechanism in three positions - according to claim 4 - enables repeated opening and snapping of the flap and helps to remove residues of the mixture from the seal of the flap.

The stationary funnel above the inlet opening and the arrangement of its support arms according to claim 5 ensure a low-loss introduction of the bulk material. In addition, the support arms secure the transport container on the frame of the vehicle.

The design of the conveying spiral enables the mixture to be maintained during transport. However, it also ensures low-residual transport of the mixture to the discharge side and cleaning when the water level is low.

Claim 7 defines the optimal results obtained during testing.

The features of claim 8 bring advantages in maintaining the mixture without the energy required to rotate the transport container must be increased. The placement of the discharge channel on the outside of the front side of the transport container enables the channel to be accessible from all sides for tapping off any remaining hardness in the interior of the channel.

The execution of the discharge channel according to claim 10 ensures consistently good sliding possibilities for the mixture.

Claim 11 optimizes the cleaning of the transport container.

The claim 12 uses the stabilizing effect of the end wall of the transport container for supporting the race.

With claim 13, the combination with a powerful vane cell thick matter pump is possible. With a pump of this type, the mixture can be conveyed in a very short time and over great distances, even at heights of 30-40 m, with a low power requirement.

The invention will be explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment. In the accompanying drawings:

1: an overall view of the transport mixer on a vehicle, partially cut,

2: four positions of the discharge and guide channel when the transport container rotates in the mixing direction,

3: four positions of the discharge and guide channel when the transport container rotates in the discharge direction, 4: a cross section through the transport container in the plane of the filling opening,

5: an enlarged representation of the filling opening with its control mechanism and the filling funnel,

6: a rear view of the vehicle with the transport mixer according to FIGS. 1 and

7: a partial view of the rear of a vehicle with a transport mixer and vane pump.

The transport mixer 2, 3 is mounted in the usual way on the frame 2 of a vehicle 1. The cylindrical transport container 3 is rotatably mounted on this frame 2. The axis of the transport container 3 is oriented essentially horizontally.

It is set in rotation by a drive motor 21 (not shown in detail) via corresponding gear elements 211, 321. The drive motor 21 can be controlled in such a way that the transport container 3 can perform drive functions as a function of its respective angle of rotation.

The speed of this drive 21 should be freely adjustable within normal limits.

The transport container 3 is usually mounted on a pin on its drive side (not shown).

In the area of the discharge elements there is an additional support bearing 23 which interacts with a race 34 on the circumference of the transport container 3. In the middle of the transport container 3, pivotable support arms 24, 24 'are attached to the frame 2 on both sides, which grip around the transport container 3 on the outside and support the funnel 25 with their upper ends. The support arms 24, 24 'are equipped with so-called catch rollers 241, which additionally fix the transport container 3 in its position relative to the frame 2.

• A conveyor spiral 311 is attached to the cylinder wall 31 of the transport container 3, the wing height H1 ... H5 of which increases continuously or step-wise from the end wall 32 on the drive side to the end wall 33 on the discharge side.

The leaf height H1 ... H5 is at least about 2% of the diameter of the transport container 3 and then rises to about 20% up to the end wall on the discharge side.

For better maintenance of the mixture during transport with the least energy expenditure, 3 mixing profiles 312 are arranged on the inner circumference of the transport container.

A filling opening 313 is provided on the cylinder wall 31 for filling the mixture of bulk material and liquid.

This filling opening 313 is located on the top of the transport container 3 during the filling process. It is arranged approximately in the middle so that the mixture 4 introduced is itself distributed evenly in the interior of the transport container. This avoids the need to use the conveyor spiral 311 during the filling process by rotating the transport container 3.

A flap 315 is assigned to the filling opening for the purpose of tight sealing. This flap 315 has a swivel arm 3151, which around a bearing 3152, which is attached to the outer wall of the transport container 3, can swing.

The swivel arm 3151 also carries a roller 3153 which can be influenced by a controllable stop 262. The flap 315 is held in the closed position by a spring 316.

An opening mechanism 26 is arranged on the funnel 25. This opening mechanism 26 has an adjusting piston 261 and a pivotable stop 262, which can assume three different positions with respect to the orbit of the roller 3153.

In a first position, the stop 262 never reaches the area of the roller 3153. The flap remains closed.

In a second position, the so-called Snap position, the roller 3153 is only shifted by no amount. The flap 315 is opened only briefly in order to immediately return to the closed position under the action of the spring 316.

This way of working is necessary to before the final. Closing the flap 315, by means of an impact effect, to remove Ge ischreste from the seal 3131 on the frame 314 of the fill opening 313.

The third position of the stop 262 ensures that the filling opening 313 is completely opened. The flap 315 then assumes the vertical position shown in FIG. 5.

In this position, mixture residues slide off the flap 315 without resistance.

In the subsequent closing process, the transport container 3 can be sealed sufficiently tightly. The mass of the mixture 4 in the transport container 3 additionally supports the sealing. At the rear end of the transport container 3, at the so-called. Discharge side, the transport container 3 is closed by the end wall 33. In the end wall 33 there is a discharge opening 331 through which the mixture 4 can flow into the discharge channel 332.

The discharge channel 332 is arranged in the peripheral region of the transport container and is placed on the end wall 33 on the outside. This discharge channel 332 extends over an angle that is greater than 220 °, concentrically to the transport container 3.

At the end of this discharge channel 332 facing away from the discharge opening 331, it merges tangentially and in an arc into the guide channel 333, which guides the mixture 4 into the plane of the axis of rotation of the transport container 3.

This guide channel 333 has an opening 3331 on the inside, which opens into the wall of the discharge funnel 334.

The mixture 4 conveyed by the conveying spiral 311 with the corresponding direction of rotation B into the region of the discharge opening 331 is first in this direction of rotation into the discharge channel 332 and via the guide channel 333 and the funnel 334 to the outside.

The concrete can be led to where it is to be processed by means of a slide or other suitable aids.

The mode of operation of the discharge device is again shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 in different positions - with respect to one direction of rotation of the transport container. FIG. 2 shows the mode of operation in the direction of rotation A, which serves to mix the mixture 4 in the transport container 3. In this direction of rotation A, the conveyor spiral 331 conveys the mixture 4 in the direction of the end wall 32 on the drive side.

The filling process takes place in the position at 0 ° (FIG. 2). The discharge opening 331 is located in the upper region of the transport container 3. Upon further rotation in the direction A (90 °), this opening 331 is immersed in the mixture 4. The liquid mixture 4 can thereby collect in the discharge channel.

Viscous mixtures 4 will only penetrate slowly into the discharge channel during this process. If the discharge opening 331 lifts out of the mixture 4 (180 ° to approximately 300 °), the discharge channel 332 is empty again. An overflow of the transport container 3 via the discharge channel 332 is practically impossible.

If you extend the discharge channel by 360 ° by arranging it in a spiral, you can further increase the security against leakage.

When the transport mixer has reached its destination, the direction of rotation is changed for the purpose of unloading.

The discharge process is shown in FIG. 3 in four different angular positions. The discharge channel is initially empty (0 °). As soon as the discharge opening 331 dips into the mixture 4 with the direction of rotation B, the discharge channel 332 fills (180 °). The mixture 4 in the discharge channel reaches the same filling level 41 as the mixture 4 in the transport container.

However, if the guide channel 333 now sinks into the mixture 4 (360 ... 600 °), it runs under the effect of the The mixture 4 gravitates into this guide channel 333 and via its opening 3331 into the discharge funnel 334.

This discharge of the mixture takes place at a high fill level 41 over an angular range which is significantly greater than 180 °.

If this discharge has ended with the first rotation, the discharge channel 332 has already taken up mixture 4 again via its opening 331 and, after only a short pause, feeds it to the discharge funnel 334.

Under practical conditions, the mixture can be discharged continuously and the discharge speed can be regulated as desired by regulating the drive speed.

The transport process for mixtures 4 takes place - in summary - with the transport mixer described in the following way.

At a central mixing station, the bulk material is first mixed dry and shortly before the loading process with water.

The finished mixture 4 is introduced at high speed through the opened filling opening into the stationary transport container 3. It distributes itself instantly without the need for further aids for the distribution in the transport container.

The flap 315 is finally closed after being slammed shut several times. The seal 3131 is freed of mixture residues. The flap 315 closes tightly. The transport container 3 is now turned in the direction A. The transport can begin.

The mixture can be maintained during transport by the low wing height H1 ... H5 and by the mixing profiles 312 with low energy consumption at low speed A.

At the construction site, the direction of rotation of the transport container 3 is changed to direction B for the purpose of emptying.

The discharge speed can be determined by regulating the discharge speed B.

When emptying large quantities, it is important to also remove these large quantities before starting the curing process, i.e. to bring them into the prepared formwork in a very short time.

This is conveniently achieved today through the use of vane pumps, with which thick materials - such as lightweight concrete or screed - can be conveyed quickly and reliably at great distances, even at great heights, at high efficiency.

For this purpose, such a pump 6 - which has a relatively small mass - is directly attached to the transport mixer 3.

A corresponding, necessary drive movement can be either from the engine of the vehicle or from another

Engine can be derived.

A collection container 61 for the discharged mixture on

The suction channel of the pump may be different

Funding services and serves as a well-known

Cache.

The hose 62 can be attached to the transport vehicle 1 and carried along. At the construction site, he is manipulated with the crane there. List of the reference symbols used

vehicle

2 frames

21 drive motor

211 gear (gear element)

22 bearings

23 support bearings

24.24 'support arms

241 catch rollers

25 filling funnels

(26) opening mechanism

261 setting pistons

262 stop (lever, adjustable)

3 transport containers

31 cylinder wall

311 conveyor spiral

312 mixed profiles

313 filling opening

3131 seal

314 frames

315 flap

3151 swivel arm

3152 bearings

3153 roll

316 spring

32 end wall (drive side)

321 gear 33 end wall (discharge side)

331 discharge opening

332 discharge channel

333 guide channel 3331 opening

334 discharge hopper

34 race

4 mixture

41 level

5 containers (cleaning water)

51 water pipe

6 vane pump

61 collection containers

62 pressure hose

Hl ... H5 heights of the conveyor spiral

A Mixing direction of rotation

B Direction of discharge

Claims

claims

1. Transport mixer for bulk liquid-liquid mixtures, consisting

- From a, on a frame (2) mounted, cylindrical transport container (3) with an approximately horizontal axis and

- From a reversible, angle-dependent, controllable drive for the transport container, the transport container

- is provided with a closable filling opening (313) on its circumference,

- Has a conveyor spiral (311) on the inside of its cylinder wall (31) and

- In the area of its rear end wall (33) has an annular discharge channel with an inward discharge opening,

characterized,

that the filling opening (313) is provided with a flap (315) which can be pivoted inwards,

that the mixing spiral (311) has an average wing height of at most 15 percent of the diameter of the transport container and

that an arcuate, closed guide channel (333) with an approximately constant cross-section is arranged between the annular discharge channel (332) on the circumference of the transport container (3) and the central discharge opening (334).

2. Transport mixer according to claim 1, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the inwardly pivotable flap (15) of the filling opening (313) is resiliently held in the closed position and that the flap (15) has a controllable opening mechanism (26) above the transport container (3) is assigned to a filling funnel (25) which is positioned there in a fixed position.

3. Transport mixer according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the flap (15) is provided with an opening lever (3151) and that the opening mechanism (26) has a pivotably controllable stop (262) which, depending on the angle of rotation of the Transport container (3) is adjustable via a hydraulic piston relative to the opening lever (3151) of the flap (315).

4. Transport mixer according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the controllable stop (262) in three positions,

- the closed position,

- the snap action and

- The open position is adjustable.

5. Transport mixer according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that the stationary hopper (25) by support arms

(24) is releasably attached to the frame (2) and that the support arms (24) encompass the transport container (3) almost in a form-fitting manner.

6. Transport mixer according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the wing height (Hl H5) of the conveyor spiral (311) between the end wall (32) facing the drive and the end wall (33) with the discharge channel ( 332) is increasing.

7. Transport mixer according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the wing height (Hl-H5) of the conveyor spiral (311)

- On the drive side, a height of about 2% of the diameter of the transport container (3) and

- on the discharge side is a maximum of 20% of this diameter.

8. Transport mixer according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that on the inside of the cylinder wall (31) of the

Transport container (3), in addition to the conveyor spiral (311), inwardly projecting mixing profiles (312) are arranged.

9. Transport mixer according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the discharge channel (332) on the outside on the end wall (33) of the transport container (3) is placed in that the transport container (3) on this end wall (33) close to his Has a discharge opening (331) to the discharge channel (332) and that the conveyor spiral (311) is connected at the rear end of the discharge opening (331) to the end wall (33) of the transport container (3). 09074

19

10. Transport mixer according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the guide channel (333)

- has a spiral shape,

- Connects tangentially to the discharge channel (332) and

- In the side wall of a discharge funnel (334) opens, which is aligned coaxially to the axis of the transport container (3).

11. Transport mixer according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that in the discharge funnel (334) from the outside the end of the water pipe (51) for the cleaning water can be inserted and fixed in front of the opening of the guide channel (333).

12. Transport mixer according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the transport container (3) in the region of the connection between the transport container (3) and the outer wall of the discharge channel (332) a race (34) is arranged, the guide rollers (23) are assigned to the frame (2) of the transport mixer.

13. Transport mixer according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that below the discharge funnel (344) on the

Suction opening of a vane cell thick matter umpe (6) a collecting container (61) is arranged.