EP0718570A2 - Appareil frigorifique, notamment réfrigérateur ou congélateur - Google Patents

Appareil frigorifique, notamment réfrigérateur ou congélateur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0718570A2
EP0718570A2 EP95117860A EP95117860A EP0718570A2 EP 0718570 A2 EP0718570 A2 EP 0718570A2 EP 95117860 A EP95117860 A EP 95117860A EP 95117860 A EP95117860 A EP 95117860A EP 0718570 A2 EP0718570 A2 EP 0718570A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sound
air
labyrinth
absorbing
airway
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95117860A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0718570B1 (fr
EP0718570A3 (fr
Inventor
Matthias Dr. Ing. Mrzyglod
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to SI9530450T priority Critical patent/SI0718570T1/xx
Publication of EP0718570A2 publication Critical patent/EP0718570A2/fr
Publication of EP0718570A3 publication Critical patent/EP0718570A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0718570B1 publication Critical patent/EP0718570B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D23/00General constructional features
    • F25D23/003General constructional features for cooling refrigerating machinery
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/24Means for preventing or suppressing noise
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/12Sound
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2201/00Insulation
    • F25D2201/30Insulation with respect to sound
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2323/00General constructional features not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2323/002Details for cooling refrigerating machinery
    • F25D2323/0021Details for cooling refrigerating machinery using air guides
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2323/00General constructional features not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2323/002Details for cooling refrigerating machinery
    • F25D2323/0026Details for cooling refrigerating machinery characterised by the incoming air flow
    • F25D2323/00264Details for cooling refrigerating machinery characterised by the incoming air flow through the front bottom part
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2323/00General constructional features not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2323/002Details for cooling refrigerating machinery
    • F25D2323/0027Details for cooling refrigerating machinery characterised by the out-flowing air
    • F25D2323/00274Details for cooling refrigerating machinery characterised by the out-flowing air from the front bottom

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a refrigeration device, in particular a refrigerator or freezer with at least one cold space arranged within its heat-insulating housing and closable by a door, and to a unit space for accommodating device assemblies, such as a fan, condenser and compressor, within which at least one supply air is supplied - And an exhaust air port connected, designed as a flow channel for receiving the device assemblies, is provided, which is provided with upstream of the device assemblies on the supply side and these downstream sound-absorbing means and is supplied with cooling air by the fan.
  • device assemblies such as a fan, condenser and compressor
  • a refrigeration device which is equipped below its cold room serving as a useful space with a base, in the space bounded by its walls a U-shaped air duct arrangement is provided. This is used to hold the device units, such as fans, condensers and compressors, and has both a supply air and an exhaust air opening, each of which is equipped with sound-absorbing means for reducing the noise emanating from the fan and the compressor and propagating via the airway.
  • Such noise insulation measures often require technically complex additional equipment in the form of measuring devices, which is not inconsiderably reflected in the device costs, and, on the other hand, constantly recurring maintenance measures that depend on the device installation location. These, in turn, are often not feasible by technically less experienced people themselves, so that this group of people, in addition to the maintenance measure itself, is often provided with cost-intensive customer service.
  • the invention has for its object to propose soundproofing measures for a refrigerator according to the preamble of claim 1, which have a high functionality with a simple structure and at the same time adequate ventilation of the device aggregates is ensured for a long time.
  • the sound-absorbing means are formed predominantly from sound-absorbing material and are arranged at least in sections to form a labyrinth-like air path for the cooling air circulated by the fan, which is able to flow essentially uninhibited within the labyrinth-like air path.
  • the solution according to the invention avoids a flow through the sound-absorbing means and thus provides an almost flow-resistant sound insulation, on which there is almost no pressure loss in the cooling air flow which leads to congestion effects and thus to cooling losses.
  • in addition to complex devices which monitor the permeability of the sound-absorbing means there is also no need for constantly recurring maintenance measures.
  • it is possible through the solution according to the invention to vary the noise-reducing effect of sound insulation be it through appropriate choice of material or through a large number of rows of labyrinth sections, without any noticeable loss of cooling air performance, the sound-insulating effect also being effective through a variety of different labyrinth structures can influence.
  • the labyrinth-like airway is particularly versatile in terms of its structure and particularly easy to influence in terms of its sound-absorbing effectiveness if, according to a further advantageous embodiment of the object of the invention, it is provided that the labyrinthine Airway is essentially formed by the wall surfaces of mutually one behind the other at a distance from one another, along wall 20, 32 of the airway designed as flow channel 26, sound-absorbing individual elements, the mutually facing ends of which overlap.
  • the labyrinth-like airway is particularly simple and yet has sufficient sound-absorbing effectiveness if, according to a next advantageous embodiment of the object of the invention, it is provided that the labyrinth-like airway is formed by the walls of at least two mutually spaced, sound-absorbing individual elements, whose mutually facing ends overlap.
  • a particularly uniform flow cross section within the labyrinth-like airway can be achieved if, according to a further preferred embodiment of the object of the invention, it is provided that the walls of the individual elements forming the labyrinthine airway are arranged at a parallel distance from one another.
  • the sound-absorbing individual elements can be arranged particularly easily to form a labyrinth-like airway if, according to a further advantageous embodiment of the object of the invention, they are designed as cuboid shaped parts. Furthermore, this design of the individual elements makes it possible to integrate them into the construction technology for the assembly room with load-bearing functions.
  • a particularly space-saving structure for a labyrinth-like airway is obtained if it corresponds to another preferred embodiment of the object of the invention it is provided that the cuboid-shaped individual elements for forming the labyrinth-like airway are arranged substantially perpendicular to the walls of the flow channel.
  • the labyrinth-like airway is arranged at a distance from the supply air and exhaust air openings of the flow channel.
  • Such a measure ensures that the cooling air can enter a wide range via the supply air opening and that the exhaust air can also exit wide and unobstructed via the exhaust air opening.
  • the sound emanating from the noise sources such as the fan and compressor, is not attenuated immediately in front of a possible operator of the refrigerator, but in advance, so that this operator is not exposed to unnecessary noise levels.
  • a flow duct is particularly expedient if, according to a further advantageous embodiment of the object of the invention, it is provided that at least one side wall of the flow duct running along the flow direction of the cooling air is lined with sound-absorbing material in the region of the labyrinthine airway.
  • the flow channel has a U-shaped contour and its supply air section is separated from its exhaust air section by a sound-absorbing partition.
  • both the longitudinal side of the supply air and exhaust air ducts are equipped with the noise-reducing, sound-absorbing material in a single step.
  • the lower section of a kitchenette 10 is indicated schematically, which has a niche 11 for installing a built-in freezer 12.
  • This is equipped with a freezing space 14 which can be closed by a heat-insulated door 13 and which is heat-insulated in a conventional manner and which is cooled by the evaporator tier, which is not shown and is arranged at intervals one above the other.
  • drawer-like containers 15 serving for the storage of frozen goods can be introduced, which can be used if necessary by means of a handle (not specified) can be removed from the freezer compartment 14.
  • a device base 16 is provided below the freezer compartment 14, adjoining it, but thermally separated from it by the bottom of the freezer compartment 14.
  • the appliance base 16 has a base base 17, from the side edges of which are arranged toward the base of the freezer compartment 14, surrounding a base space.
  • the door 13 facing the front plinth wall is designed as a detachably held ventilation grille 18 with lattice-shaped divided air passage openings 19, while the remaining plinth walls are designed as a continuous wall train 20, which is molded onto the plinth floor 17 and in this way together with it in one piece Form molding, which is made for example from plastic injection molding.
  • the base space delimited by the ventilation grille 18 and the continuous wall line 20 serves as an aggregate space 21 for accommodating device assemblies, such as a condenser 22, a compressor 23 and a fan 24 arranged between the two in relation to the ventilation grille 18 in its rear area generates during its operation an air flow 25 (shown in dashed lines) which circulates in the direction of the arrow, so that the condenser 22 for cooling lies in the pressure-side section of the air flow 25, while the compressor 23 is swept by the suction-side section of the air flow 25 for its cooling.
  • a condenser 22 for cooling lies in the pressure-side section of the air flow 25
  • the compressor 23 is swept by the suction-side section of the air flow 25 for its cooling.
  • the air flow 25 is guided within the unit space 21 in a U-shaped flow channel 26 serving as an airway, within which is arranged in the rear area of the unit space 21, through the two legs of the U-profile connecting yoke formed channel section, the equipment units are arranged.
  • the two duct sections which serve as the exhaust air duct 27 and the supply air duct 28, are separated from each other in terms of flow technology by a duct partition 29 which is arranged essentially perpendicular to the ventilation grille 18 and which is formed from sound-resistant material at its end sections 30 and 31, while the intermediate section 32 consists of sound-absorbing material (e.g. open-cell foam).
  • the end section 31 is at a distance from the impeller diameter of the fan 24 opposite a wall web 33 made of sound-resistant material, which together with the end section 31 of the duct partition 29 saves an air passage for the air flow 25 sucked in by the fan 24.
  • the air flow 25 is guided both in the exhaust air duct 27 and in the supply air duct 28 in a labyrinth-like air path 34 (for the exhaust air duct 27, the representation of the air flow 25 has been omitted for the sake of clarity).
  • the labyrinth is formed from mutually spaced, sound-absorbing cuboid individual elements 35 which are arranged essentially perpendicular to the side walls delimiting the supply air duct 28 and the exhaust air duct 27.
  • the individual elements 35 are arranged within the supply air duct in such a way that their mutually facing ends 36 overlap and their wall surfaces 37 together on the overlapping ends 36 form the labyrinthine airway 34.
  • the arrangement of the individual elements 35 which are formed, for example, from open-pore foam and designed as molded parts, deflects the symbolically represented air flow 25 several times, the distances between the individual elements 35 being selected such that only a negligible pressure drop occurs in the air flow 25 within the labyrinthine air path 34.
  • the arrangement of the labyrinth-like airway 34 represents a sound path 38 for the sound waves emanating from the device assemblies, in particular from the compressor 23 and the fan 24 (symbolically represented by arrows for the exhaust air duct 27), on the basis of which the sound energy emanating from the device assemblies mentioned is repeated Reflection within the labyrinthine airway 34 on the sound-absorbing individual elements 35 is converted almost completely into thermal energy, so that only a small percentage of the original noise emission of the equipment units emerges from the unit space 21.
  • the reduction in noise emissions is additionally supported by the fact that the labyrinth-like airway 34 used for sound destruction is set back at a distance from the air outlet openings 19 arranged in the ventilation grille 18, in the case of the exhaust air duct 27 as exhaust air openings and in the case of the supply air duct 28 .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Cold Air Circulating Systems And Constructional Details In Refrigerators (AREA)
EP95117860A 1994-12-19 1995-11-13 Appareil frigorifique, notamment réfrigérateur ou congélateur Expired - Lifetime EP0718570B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI9530450T SI0718570T1 (en) 1994-12-19 1995-11-13 Refrigeration apparatus, especially refrigerator or freezer

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4445286 1994-12-19
DE4445286A DE4445286C2 (de) 1994-12-19 1994-12-19 Kältegerät

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0718570A2 true EP0718570A2 (fr) 1996-06-26
EP0718570A3 EP0718570A3 (fr) 1996-08-07
EP0718570B1 EP0718570B1 (fr) 2001-01-17

Family

ID=6536267

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95117860A Expired - Lifetime EP0718570B1 (fr) 1994-12-19 1995-11-13 Appareil frigorifique, notamment réfrigérateur ou congélateur

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0718570B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4445286C2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2154704T3 (fr)
SI (1) SI0718570T1 (fr)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2333585A (en) * 1998-01-23 1999-07-28 Electrolux Zanussi Elettrodome A base for a refrigerator
EP1025302A1 (fr) * 1997-10-21 2000-08-09 Owens Corning Reduction du bruit d'un appareil menager
EP1378717A1 (fr) * 2002-07-02 2004-01-07 LG Electronics, Inc. Réfrigérateur encastré
GB2413172A (en) * 2004-04-13 2005-10-19 Arctic Circle Ltd An enclosure for apparatus for refrigeration or air conditioning
US7878015B2 (en) * 2003-12-01 2011-02-01 Lg Electronics Inc. Radiating apparatus of built-in refrigerator
US7923092B2 (en) 2005-08-22 2011-04-12 Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc Die cut insulation blanket and method for producing same
US8161764B2 (en) 2006-04-05 2012-04-24 Bsh Bosch Und Siemens Hausgeraete Gmbh Built-in refrigerator
US20120118000A1 (en) * 2009-08-19 2012-05-17 Su Nam Chae Refrigerator
US8205287B2 (en) 2008-08-04 2012-06-26 Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc Insulation element for an electrical appliance such as a dishwasher
US10126039B2 (en) 2015-12-29 2018-11-13 Whirlpool Corporation Refrigeration appliance having side air intake vent with sound dampening
CN112212579A (zh) * 2019-07-12 2021-01-12 赛特福德私人有限公司 降噪冰箱

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8133568B2 (en) 2005-08-22 2012-03-13 Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc Die cut insulation blanket
DE202007010237U1 (de) 2007-07-24 2007-09-20 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Kältegerät
DE102009056426A1 (de) 2009-09-03 2011-03-10 Liebherr-Hausgeräte Ochsenhausen GmbH Unterbaugruppenelement für ein Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerät, Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerät sowie Verfahren zur Montage eines Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerätes
DE102009056423A1 (de) 2009-09-03 2011-03-10 Liebherr-Hausgeräte Ochsenhausen GmbH Unterbaugruppenelement für ein Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerät sowie Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerät
DE102009056424A1 (de) 2009-09-03 2011-03-10 Liebherr-Hausgeräte Ochsenhausen GmbH Unterbaugruppenelement für ein Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerät, Baugruppe sowie Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerät
DE102011002776A1 (de) * 2011-01-17 2012-07-19 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Kältegerät und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kältegeräts
DE102011088657A1 (de) * 2011-12-15 2013-06-20 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Kältegerät mit einem Lüftungskanal
EP2667126A3 (fr) * 2012-05-25 2018-07-04 Liebherr-Hausgeräte Ochsenhausen GmbH Appareil de réfrigération et/ou de congélation
DE102014008379B4 (de) * 2014-06-05 2021-02-04 Remko Gmbh & Co. Kg Klima- Und Wärmetechnik Schallschutz-Einhausung
DE102016100705A1 (de) * 2016-01-18 2017-07-20 Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH Luftversorgungsanlage
US11415032B2 (en) 2019-12-23 2022-08-16 Rheem Manufacturing Company Noise muffler for an air moving device
EP3863011B1 (fr) 2020-02-06 2022-10-05 Hauser GmbH Meuble frigorifique avec absorbeur acoustique
EP4129135B1 (fr) * 2021-08-03 2024-04-03 Vorwerk & Co. Interholding GmbH Appareil électroménager doté d'un dispositif d'atténuation sonore

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9206167U1 (de) 1992-05-08 1993-06-09 Liebherr-Hausgeräte GmbH, 7955 Ochsenhausen Kühl- und/oder Gefrierschrank mit einem Sockelteil

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2797553A (en) * 1955-03-23 1957-07-02 Whirlpool Seeger Corp Household refrigerator assembly
GB1107726A (en) * 1964-07-07 1968-03-27 Sound Attenuators Ltd Improved centrifugal fan or blower and a ventilator embodying the same
US3785168A (en) * 1972-12-18 1974-01-15 Gen Electric Household refrigerator
US5428973A (en) * 1992-11-13 1995-07-04 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Refrigerator with meandering air duct for wire and tube condenser
CA2104991C (fr) * 1993-08-27 1996-09-10 Nestor Ewanek Reducteur de bruit pour compresseurs

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9206167U1 (de) 1992-05-08 1993-06-09 Liebherr-Hausgeräte GmbH, 7955 Ochsenhausen Kühl- und/oder Gefrierschrank mit einem Sockelteil

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1025302A1 (fr) * 1997-10-21 2000-08-09 Owens Corning Reduction du bruit d'un appareil menager
EP1025302A4 (fr) * 1997-10-21 2001-01-31 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Reduction du bruit d'un appareil menager
US6512831B1 (en) 1997-10-21 2003-01-28 Owens Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. Noise abatement apparatus for appliance cabinet and method for reducing noise generated by an appliance
GB2333585A (en) * 1998-01-23 1999-07-28 Electrolux Zanussi Elettrodome A base for a refrigerator
GB2333585B (en) * 1998-01-23 2001-09-12 Electrolux Zanussi Elettrodome Refrigerating appliance with improved air flow arrangement
EP1378717A1 (fr) * 2002-07-02 2004-01-07 LG Electronics, Inc. Réfrigérateur encastré
US7878015B2 (en) * 2003-12-01 2011-02-01 Lg Electronics Inc. Radiating apparatus of built-in refrigerator
GB2413172B (en) * 2004-04-13 2008-09-24 Arctic Circle Ltd An enclosure for apparatus for refrigeration or air conditioning
GB2413172A (en) * 2004-04-13 2005-10-19 Arctic Circle Ltd An enclosure for apparatus for refrigeration or air conditioning
US7923092B2 (en) 2005-08-22 2011-04-12 Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc Die cut insulation blanket and method for producing same
US8161764B2 (en) 2006-04-05 2012-04-24 Bsh Bosch Und Siemens Hausgeraete Gmbh Built-in refrigerator
US8205287B2 (en) 2008-08-04 2012-06-26 Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc Insulation element for an electrical appliance such as a dishwasher
US20120118000A1 (en) * 2009-08-19 2012-05-17 Su Nam Chae Refrigerator
US10126039B2 (en) 2015-12-29 2018-11-13 Whirlpool Corporation Refrigeration appliance having side air intake vent with sound dampening
US10563901B2 (en) 2015-12-29 2020-02-18 Whirlpool Corporation Refrigeration appliance having side air intake vent with sound dampening
CN112212579A (zh) * 2019-07-12 2021-01-12 赛特福德私人有限公司 降噪冰箱
US11378325B2 (en) * 2019-07-12 2022-07-05 Thetford Bv Refrigerator with noise reduction

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59508977D1 (de) 2001-02-22
EP0718570B1 (fr) 2001-01-17
ES2154704T3 (es) 2001-04-16
DE4445286C2 (de) 1998-12-24
DE4445286A1 (de) 1996-06-20
SI0718570T1 (en) 2001-04-30
EP0718570A3 (fr) 1996-08-07

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