EP0718013B1 - Verfahren zur Bearbeitung von Stahlkanten für Ski od. dgl. - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Bearbeitung von Stahlkanten für Ski od. dgl. Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0718013B1
EP0718013B1 EP95890206A EP95890206A EP0718013B1 EP 0718013 B1 EP0718013 B1 EP 0718013B1 EP 95890206 A EP95890206 A EP 95890206A EP 95890206 A EP95890206 A EP 95890206A EP 0718013 B1 EP0718013 B1 EP 0718013B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steel edge
plasma
steel
anode
edge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95890206A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0718013A3 (de
EP0718013A2 (de
Inventor
Alois Dipl.-Ing. Pieber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fischer GmbH
Original Assignee
Fischer GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fischer GmbH filed Critical Fischer GmbH
Priority to SI9530351T priority Critical patent/SI0718013T1/xx
Publication of EP0718013A2 publication Critical patent/EP0718013A2/de
Publication of EP0718013A3 publication Critical patent/EP0718013A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0718013B1 publication Critical patent/EP0718013B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C11/00—Accessories for skiing or snowboarding
    • A63C11/04—Accessories for skiing or snowboarding for treating skis or snowboards
    • A63C11/06—Edge-sharpeners
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S148/00—Metal treatment
    • Y10S148/902—Metal treatment having portions of differing metallurgical properties or characteristics
    • Y10S148/903—Directly treated with high energy electromagnetic waves or particles, e.g. laser, electron beam

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for machining steel edges for skis or the like.
  • the steel edge at least partially, preferably at least in the area of the Outsole of the outer edge of the ski, d. H. of the outer lower corner of the Steel edge, or quickly warmed entirely with the help of a plasma jet, then quickly cooled again and hardened as a result.
  • EP-A-0 677 175 discloses the use of a plasma jet for curing Steel edges for skis or the like. To create an economical process and Ensuring a precisely defined, partial hardening of the steel edge in one Any length section is provided so that the steel edge is already on the ski before hardening is mounted.
  • the invention provides that an electric arc generated between the cathode and the anode of the plasma head and a gas flow through this arc and the anode of the plasma head to produce a plasma beam is passed through and the steel edge to be hardened electrically the anode of the plasma head switched as an anode, i.e. also polarized as an anode.
  • This characteristic facilitates the precise guidance of the plasma beam along the steel edge, since the plasma jet between the cathode in the plasma head and the Steel edge is automatically attracted to the steel edge as an anode. This is again a natural prerequisite for a precisely defined energy input into one exactly definable area of the steel edge.
  • the current intensity which is essentially the energy content of the plasma jet and thus determines the qualitative formation of the hardening process, significantly reduced and thus the energy in a gentler way in the steel edge be introduced.
  • This is also an important requirement for the hardenability of Steel edges already attached to the ski. These must be guaranteed that the Heating the steel edge material is not too strong to the adjacent To heat the material of the ski itself above a certain minimum temperature. Otherwise would damage the material of the ski, loosen or loosen connections, glue, for example to fix the steel edges in the ski, loosened or the like.
  • the length of the steel edge always has exactly the same energy, with this preferably by supplying the system steel edge plasma head with always exactly that The same current is achieved over the entire length of the swept Longitudinal area of the steel edge ensures an even, precisely defined hardening.
  • the plasma head and the Steel edge can be moved relative to each other in the longitudinal direction of the steel edge and the Plasma beam at least over a portion of the length of the steel edge preferably has regularly changing energy, this preferably by regular changes in the current supplied to the steel edge plasma head system is achieved.
  • Variable energy means that the temperature at every point of the Plasma beams are in the same direction and in a precisely predictable or determinable manner changed.
  • the plasma beam is simultaneously applied to both Outside of the steel edge directed and the axis of the beam preferably at an angle both outer sides, in particular in a range of 25 ° around the angular symmetry, especially precisely aligned in the angular symmetry.
  • the axis of symmetry of the outer edge to be hardened can be symmetrical or asymmetrical hardness zone and thus an adaptation to special wear situations or purposes can be achieved.
  • a symmetrical hardness zone on the outer edge, the shape of which is retained for as long as possible, even with post-processing preferably coinciding exactly with the axis of symmetry of the outer edge Alignment of the plasma beam can be produced.
  • a particularly advantageous variant of the method according to the invention provides that the Steel edge is first mounted on the ski, then an electric arc generated between the cathode and the anode of the plasma head and a gas flow through this arc and the anode of the plasma head to produce a Plasma jet is passed and the steel edge to be hardened electrically the anode the plasma head connected as an anode, d. H. also polarized as an anode, the area around the impact area of the plasma jet being cooled to such an extent that in the Transition area steel edge ski preferably the release temperature of the adhesive for the Attachment of the steel edge to the ski body is not exceeded.
  • the hardening of the Steel edges can be provided as the last step in ski production, because no impairment of other ski components by the inventive Hardening process occurs and therefore no further post-treatment steps are necessary are.
  • the steel edges already installed are therefore not mechanical Stresses, no risk of damage and none Functional impairment, such as when the edges harden before Mounting on the ski is the case.
  • the heating of the material of the steel edge surrounding areas of the ski contribute to self-deterrence due to the heat dissipation the area heated by the energy beam and thus the hardening process, so less thermal energy in other, more complex and costly ways must be dissipated. Just make sure that the temperature is not rises so high that the adhesive used to fix the steel edges is loosened or is decomposed.
  • the virtual expansion can be done in one or in any direction perpendicular to the axis of the plasma jet.
  • This offers the possibility of a larger area from the lower outer edge of the steel edge towards both sides by the virtual expansion of the plasma beam and to harden and thus, for example, post-processing by enabling to facilitate even removal of the material of the edge.
  • This variant also has the advantage of heating up the material very quickly to slow down the plasma beam somewhat due to the distribution of the energy and thus if necessary to achieve a lower hardness than the energy of the plasma jet would correspond. Since usually the area available for virtual expansion to the Outer edges of the steel edge is limited and if only hardening in a tight The area around the wear-prone edge is desired in the longitudinal direction Widened steel edge.
  • the physical cross section of the plasma jet itself preferably in the direction of the Longitudinal direction of the steel edge to be widened. This is a distribution of the introduced energy over a larger area and yet in a very narrow area around the actual edge of the steel edge to be hardened.
  • edges hardened according to the invention can also be used for tobogganing, bobsledding, Skates and the like are used or steel treads on these items be hardened by means of the method according to the invention.
  • a base frame designated 1 there are three guide devices 2 for the ski (not shown) provided, which in a known, preferably automated Precise lateral guidance of the ski, d. H. to the tenth of a millimeter ensure exactly.
  • adjustable guide rollers 3 On both sides of the ski's transport route are for this purpose adjustable guide rollers 3 arranged.
  • the ski to be treated is by means of a Conveyor belt 4, which is driven by a motor 5 which can be regulated precisely Drive roller 5a is set in motion, promoted by the system.
  • the Conveyor belt 4 runs over the deflection rollers 6a to 6f and is of such a nature that that a frictional connection by friction with preferably the tread of the Ski can arise.
  • the lower support roller 7 on which the ski rests with the tread is on one fixed or at least precisely fixable axis freely rotatable and out very hard material, preferably made of steel.
  • a relatively soft, elastic circumferential coating 8a pressure roller 8 the ski is pressed against the lower support roller 7, in particular also the Preload of the ski in the middle area - which the bulge of the ski caused between the front and rear support line - must be overcome.
  • the pressure roller 8 is adjustable in height, at most perpendicular to the ski guided resiliently to the unhindered passage of the shovel of the ski and to permit its insertion or removal from the device.
  • S denotes the ski, which already has the steel edges K to be hardened is provided.
  • This is particularly advantageous because when attaching the steel edges K to the ski S hardening that has already taken place leads to difficult handling of the edges K. would and there is a risk of damage (breakage) to the edges K.
  • the Ski S is pressed by the pressure roller 8 onto the support roller 7.
  • a device 9 for generating the plasma jet for heating each Steel edge K provided as this is faster - because on both sides at the same time successful - and thus more economical processing than that nonetheless possible arrangement of only one device 9 on one side of the ski S.
  • the devices 9 are on support structures 10, for example microprocessor-controlled robot arms, worn, these support structures 10 advantageously - as shown by the arrows in the symbolized lower part - controllably movable parallel to the axis of the support roller 7 are stored.
  • This mobility is necessary to make the device 9 easier Way, since only one movement in one direction is required, always exactly that keep the same distance to the steel edge K, no matter how the ski S is shaped. So can the plasma head 9 of any waist or other shape of the ski S be tracked.
  • the movement described is controlled by contact rollers (not shown), which are also provided on each support structure 10, which Contact roles are monitored by suitable sensors and the carrying structures 10 can be controlled so that the contact rollers always with the same pressure of the steel edge K.
  • devices 30 are provided, which the Current introduction into the steel edge K and its circuit as an anode compared to that in the Allow plasma head located cathode.
  • These facilities are preferably as Copper spring executed, for example, by means of two screws 31 on part of the Carrying structure 10 can be attached and one of the screws 31 at the same time serves to attach the power line 32 to the spring 30.
  • the detail IV (Fig. 4) shows two separate liquid-cooled heat sinks 12, which the Material of the components of the ski S surrounding the edge K from overheating preserves the energy beam E of the device 9.
  • the coolant preferably water with a maximum temperature of about 20 ° C, flows through the passages 12a in the preferably made of copper heat sinks 12.
  • These heat sinks 12 cover one Longitudinal range from a few centimeters to about 30 cm in front of and behind the impact area of the energy beam E. As clearly shown in Fig.
  • the plasma head 9 shown schematically in FIGS. 5a to 5c comprises a housing an upper part 13 and a lower part 14, which parts 13 and 14 at most by a part 15 of insulating material are electrically isolated from each other.
  • One each Connection element (not shown) on the upper part 13 or lower part 14 is for Supply or discharge of cooling medium for the plasma head 9 into the cooling channels 17 intended.
  • In the upper part 13 there is a cathode 18 in a manner known per se interchangeably fixable in a conventional holder 19.
  • the lower part 14 is a the free end of the cathode 18 at a distance surrounding guide piece 20 for the Gas flow with an outlet opening 21 for the gas subsequently to be ionized intended.
  • This guide piece 20 can according to a conventional embodiment of the Plasma head 9 is designed as an anode and switched accordingly. Through the due to the described method, the lower amperages are required Plasma head 9 and its insulating devices can be dimensioned smaller.
  • the guide piece 20 but only optionally as an anode is switchable, so that - at most after igniting the electric arc and the Plasma beams E with the aid of the anodically connected guide piece 20 and then depolarizing this guide piece - using a plasma hardening process Cathode 18 in the plasma head 9, neutral and only leading fluidically Guide piece 20 and an anode switched steel edge K is executable.
  • the guide piece 20 could also be completely neutral and without a power connection be carried out so that even the ignition of the plasma head 9 in connection with the Steel edges K as an anode.
  • the cathode 18 in Distance surrounding socket 22 preferably made of insulating material, preferably Ceramic material, provided so that between the inner wall of this socket 22 and the cathode 8 is bounded by an annular space 23. This room becomes on one side 23 completed from the bracket 19 of the cathode 18 while it is opposite in the annular gap between cathode 18 and guide piece 20 and continues the outlet opening 21.
  • Helium or nitrogen is preferred as the gas to be ionized, however Argon used in an amount of 0.5 to 5 l / min, with argon a particular stable plasma with a protective gas effect is achieved.
  • a laminar flow of the gas is necessary for the uniform energy of the plasma jet along the cathode 18 of particular importance. So through the equalization the flow of the supplied gas in room 23 and its preferred ratio from the axial height to the width of the annular gap of approximately 2: 1 to the tip of the cathode 18 laminar gas flow generated.
  • the tip of the cathode 18 runs underneath (see FIG. 9) an angle ⁇ between 20 and 90 °, preferably 60 °, together to the flow as laminar as possible and ends to ensure the best possible Emission behavior (peak effect) for the charge carriers pointed.
  • the laminar flow of the gas has in addition to the uniform energy of the Plasma jet and in connection with the special choice of material for the cathode 18 the additional advantage that the ionizing discharge between cathode 18 and the steel edge K of the ski, which acts as an anode, does not require a hard rectangular pulse, but can be ignited with a soft sine pulse.
  • the current is during the stable Operating phase of the plasma torch 9 between 20 and 180 A.
  • the performance of the Energy beam is preferably between 1 and 5 kW, in particular 2 kW per Unit 9.
  • the energy input through the plasma jet E over a larger area of the steel edge K be distributed.
  • the physical cross section of the beam itself can also be expanded.
  • the guide piece is advantageously used for the purpose of focusing the plasma beam 20 (see FIGS. 10a and 10b) of the plasma head 9 with a preferably circular one Outlet opening 21, preferably with a diameter of 0.5 to 3 mm his.
  • the hardness basically dependent on the energy density and can be influenced via the Relative speed of plasma jet and steel edge remains in the for the special Application desired range from 55 to 70 Rockwell. In any case, one Optimization between energy input and cooling or quenching can be reached after the point of impact of the plasma beam has moved on.
  • the energy beam E with respect to both outer surfaces of the to be hardened Steel edges K is directed obliquely at this.
  • the beam E is preferably in the in Fig. 3 or more clearly shown in Fig. 4 in a range of about 25 ° the plane of symmetry, advantageously exactly in the plane of the angular symmetry hardening outer edge of the steel edge K directed towards this.
  • This allows the shape of the affect hardened area within the steel edge, being directly in extension of the energy beam E the greatest depth of hardening is achieved.
  • the depth of hardening becomes all the more less, the greater the radial distance from the axis of the energy beam E.
  • the effects just mentioned occur with plasma jet, whereas they do the low depth effect of the laser beam can only be achieved to a lesser extent.
  • FIGS. 11a to 11c is a particularly advantageous embodiment for a cooling shoe 12 shown. This covers both the plasma head facing sides of the Ski S. He has one to carry out the plasma jet slot-shaped opening 12b, whose longer diameter in the direction of the longitudinal axis the steel edge K is aligned.
  • the cooling shoe 12 of FIGS. 11a to 11c thus covers the Ski S off and thus prevents the plasma jet from hitting non-hardenable ones Areas of the steel edge K or on the ski S.

Landscapes

  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
EP95890206A 1994-12-23 1995-11-15 Verfahren zur Bearbeitung von Stahlkanten für Ski od. dgl. Expired - Lifetime EP0718013B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI9530351T SI0718013T1 (en) 1994-12-23 1995-11-15 Method for the treatment of ski edges etc.

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT2405/94 1994-12-23
AT240594 1994-12-23
AT0240594A AT403805B (de) 1994-12-23 1994-12-23 Verfahren zur bearbeitung von stahlkanten für ski od.dgl.

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0718013A2 EP0718013A2 (de) 1996-06-26
EP0718013A3 EP0718013A3 (de) 1997-08-06
EP0718013B1 true EP0718013B1 (de) 2000-04-19

Family

ID=3533755

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95890206A Expired - Lifetime EP0718013B1 (de) 1994-12-23 1995-11-15 Verfahren zur Bearbeitung von Stahlkanten für Ski od. dgl.

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5762730A (ja)
EP (1) EP0718013B1 (ja)
JP (1) JPH08238349A (ja)
AT (2) AT403805B (ja)
DE (1) DE59508194D1 (ja)
SI (1) SI0718013T1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2805755B1 (fr) * 2000-03-03 2002-11-22 Skid Sa Machine de traitement de skis a entrainement lateral
KR101274875B1 (ko) * 2012-01-10 2013-06-17 이정현 스케이트 날과 구두의 결합위치 측정장치

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT286152B (de) 1968-08-23 1970-11-25 Boehler & Co Ag Geb Stahlkanten für Schier
AT307951B (de) * 1971-02-18 1973-06-12 Deutsch Friedrich Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Stahlbeschlagteiles für Schier, insbesondere einer Stahlkante und nach diesem Verfahren hergestellter Stahlbeschlagteil
SE446316B (sv) * 1978-07-11 1986-09-01 Gpnii Nikel Kobalt Olov Promy Forfarande for plasmabehandling
DE2842407C2 (de) * 1978-09-29 1984-01-12 Norbert 7122 Besigheim Stauder Vorrichtung zur Oberflächenbehandlung von Werkstücken durch Entladung ionisierter Gase und Verfahren zum Betrieb der Vorrichtung
JPS60501450A (ja) * 1983-03-25 1985-09-05 ボブロフ　アレクサンドル　ブラデイミロビツチ サ−モメカニカル機械加工法
US4764656A (en) * 1987-05-15 1988-08-16 Browning James A Transferred-arc plasma apparatus and process with gas heating in excess of anode heating at the workpiece
AT392483B (de) 1989-07-25 1991-04-10 Schuler Albert Verfahren zum haerten der schneidkanten von saegen
YU135290A (sh) * 1989-07-25 1992-12-21 Schuler, Albert Postopek kaljenja rezalnih robov žag, nožev in orodij za štancanje
US5360495A (en) * 1989-07-25 1994-11-01 Albert Schuler Process for hardening cutting edges with an oval shaped plasma beam
US5204987A (en) * 1990-01-12 1993-04-20 Hans Klingel Apparatus for treating steel edges of skis and other runner devices
DE4000744C2 (de) * 1990-01-12 1996-07-11 Trumpf Gmbh & Co Verfahren für Stahlkanten von Wintersportgeräten
AT404798B (de) * 1994-01-17 1999-02-25 Fischer Gmbh Verfahren zum härten von stahl-laufkanten für ski sowie plasmakopf zur härtung von kanten bei stahlmaterialien und vorrichtng zur härtung von kanten bei stahlmaterialien

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT403805B (de) 1998-05-25
EP0718013A3 (de) 1997-08-06
DE59508194D1 (de) 2000-05-25
ATE191860T1 (de) 2000-05-15
EP0718013A2 (de) 1996-06-26
US5762730A (en) 1998-06-09
JPH08238349A (ja) 1996-09-17
SI0718013T1 (en) 2000-08-31
ATA240594A (de) 1997-10-15

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