EP0717793A1 - Dispositif d'oxydation anodique de pieces - Google Patents

Dispositif d'oxydation anodique de pieces

Info

Publication number
EP0717793A1
EP0717793A1 EP94926927A EP94926927A EP0717793A1 EP 0717793 A1 EP0717793 A1 EP 0717793A1 EP 94926927 A EP94926927 A EP 94926927A EP 94926927 A EP94926927 A EP 94926927A EP 0717793 A1 EP0717793 A1 EP 0717793A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
workpieces
container
electrolyte
carrier
anodes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94926927A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0717793B1 (fr
Inventor
Helmut Steins
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Stohrer Doduco GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
Stohrer Doduco GmbH and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19934330346 external-priority patent/DE4330346C1/de
Application filed by Stohrer Doduco GmbH and Co filed Critical Stohrer Doduco GmbH and Co
Publication of EP0717793A1 publication Critical patent/EP0717793A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0717793B1 publication Critical patent/EP0717793B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D17/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic coating
    • C25D17/06—Suspending or supporting devices for articles to be coated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
    • C25D11/005—Apparatus specially adapted for electrolytic conversion coating

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a device for the anodic oxidation of workpieces with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • Anodic oxidation is understood to mean processes in which oxide layers which adhere to metallic workpieces by anodic treatment in aqueous electrolyte are produced, in particular on workpieces made of aluminum or aluminum alloys.
  • Aluminum inherently has a relatively good corrosion resistance, because it quickly coats in air with a thin, approximately 0.01 to 0.04 ⁇ m thick, hard and extraordinarily strong oxide film, which due to its high hardness also good as
  • the brake calipers have an approximately U-shaped shape with mounting holes on one side
  • the blind hole is intended to receive a piston to form a pressure medium cylinder.
  • the cylindrical lateral surface of the Sackloche ⁇ is therefore stressed by friction and is therefore intended to obtain a hard, 'anodically deposited oxide layer.
  • REPLACEMENT BLADE Brake calipers are suspended from one of their mounting holes on a hook of the diving frame and then hang more or less randomly at an angle on the diving frame with which they are immersed in the electrolyte for anodizing. Hanging on the same frame, they are also subjected to pre- and post-treatments (eg cleaning, degreasing, pre-rinsing, post-rinsing).
  • pre- and post-treatments eg cleaning, degreasing, pre-rinsing, post-rinsing.
  • the disadvantage here is that because of the complicated shape of the workpieces, unevenly thick oxide layers are obtained, that the oxide layers must be partially removed by reworking at locations for which particularly small dimensional tolerances are required, eg at fitting holes, and that they are carried over comes from electrolytic fluid.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome these disadvantages by means of a device for anodic oxidation of workpieces which is easier to handle, which provides more uniform oxide layers on the workpieces and at the same time requires less machining work on the workpieces and thus enables less expensive work.
  • the carrier for the workpieces has receiving devices which are arranged and designed in such a way that the received workpieces are inevitably arranged with a predetermined orientation in a predetermined position, preferably are regularly aligned in the same way.
  • a common cathode, which is immersed in the electrolyte liquid, can be assigned to several or all of the anodes.
  • cathodes it is also possible for a plurality of cathodes to be provided in accordance with the number of workpieces or the wear surfaces to be treated, and to be arranged so that they can be raised and lowered so that they can be lifted and lowered, preferably in accordance with the arrangement of the receiving devices of the carrier Lowering the workpieces and their holders can be approximated.
  • the cathodes and / or anodes and / or electrolyte feed lines are preferred are combined with the electrolyte supply lines, attached to the underside of a common holder, preferably to the underside of a lid which closes the container during anodizing.
  • anodes, cathodes, electrolyte feed lines and also the suction lines can be guided together to the workpieces to be oxidized and also removed again, the cover being passed through the edge of the container on which it rests. is easily guided into the desired position.
  • the workpiece carrier must of course also assume a predetermined position in the container, for which purpose guides and / or positioning elements, for example supports with index pins, which fit into matching recesses in the carrier are preferably used in the container intervene, are provided.
  • the anodes make reliable contact with the workpieces, they are preferably spring-mounted so that they can retreat against spring force when they hit the workpieces.
  • the workpieces are not arranged in a disordered manner, but rather are arranged in a predetermined position on a carrier and are contacted in this position by the anodes attached to another carrier, in particular to a cover of the device there are reproducible conditions under which the anodically produced oxide layers grow.
  • the workpieces are therefore oxidized in a more uniform, reproducible manner and require less reworking, in particular if, as is preferred, each workpiece is assigned its own cathode which can be set together with the anodes, thereby creating the same oxidation conditions for all workpieces.
  • the cathodes are then preferably designed at the same time as electrolyte supply lines, i.e. the cathodes are tubes through which the electrolyte flows.
  • the arrangement of cathode and electrolyte feed line is compact and at the same time the cathode is optimally cooled by the electrolyte.
  • a suction line is provided, its front end section preferably runs coaxially in the electrolyte feed line, in particular if the electrolyte feed line is also a cathode. In this case the arrangement is particularly compact.
  • the cathodes are expediently arranged in the vicinity of the wear surfaces. If, as is the case with a brake caliper, the wear surface lies in a recess in the workpiece, the best way to arrange the workpieces on the carrier is in such a way that the recesses match with them
  • ATZBL ⁇ TT RULE 26 Point the opening upwards so that the cathodes assigned to the workpieces can be inserted into the recesses from above by lowering. If, as is preferred, the cathodes are at the same time an electrolyte feed, the workpieces do not need to be immersed in an electrolyte bath, but the recess to be oxidized, in which the wear surface lies, can be flooded and thereby oxidized selectively.
  • the cathode is always in the immediate vicinity of the wear surface to be oxidized and, unlike in the prior art, the wear surface is not shielded by the electrical field emanating from the cathode.
  • the desired oxide layer grows very evenly on the wear surface. It is accepted that other surface areas of the workpiece are anodized less or not at all. But there is no disadvantage because the wear surface is in any case anodically oxidized and for the other surfaces which are not wear surfaces, the natural atmospheric oxidation is already sufficient as corrosion protection.
  • the concentration of the anodic oxidation on the wear surfaces located in the recesses is even extremely advantageous because it means considerable energy savings in anodic oxidation.
  • the preferred feature also contributes to the uniformization of the layer thickness during anodic oxidation
  • RULES 26 that the electrolyte is fed directly to the workpiece through an electrolyte feed line assigned to the respective cathode. This not only avoids the formation of diffusion barriers, but the constant introduction of fresh electrolyte cools the cathode and the workpiece, thereby promoting the formation of a particularly hard oxide layer.
  • Another advantage of this measure is that the anodic oxidation no longer has to be carried out by immersing the workpiece in the electrolyte; since the electrolyte is introduced directly into the upwardly open recess in which the wear surface lies, the workpiece can be selectively flooded in the region of the recess.
  • the recess is a blind hole like a brake caliper
  • the blind hole automatically fills up with the electrolyte and the excess of the electrolyte overflows over the edge of the blind hole and is collected in the container below the workpiece carrier.
  • This also works without problems if there is a small hole at the bottom of the blind hole, as is known for brake calipers, through which electrolyte can drain, because you then only have to supply more electrolyte than can run off at the same time. This even has the advantage that the recess runs empty at the end of the anodizing process. Workpieces that have a recess that is open at the bottom can also be selected easily in the device according to the invention
  • SPARE BLADE (RULE 26) Coat anodically by forming the carrier so that it closes the recess in the workpieces positioned on it. In addition, it is possible to suck the electrolyte out of the recess if one does not want it to overflow and / or if it does not run off easily through a drain opening.
  • the selective anodizing described is particularly economical.
  • brake calipers as an example, it has been estimated that when the blind hole is selectively anodized, only about 1/8 of the surface of a brake caliper is anodized compared to the prior art, in which the brake calipers are anodically oxidized overall. This means that only about 1/8 of the electrical power is required for anodizing.
  • the resulting heat of electricity is only about 1/8 and thus the cooling power that is used to keep the electrolyte at a low temperature (0 ° to 2 ° C.) for the production of a hard oxide layer turns out low.
  • FIG. 1 shows a vertical longitudinal section through a system to be charged from above for the anodic oxidation of brake calipers
  • FIG. 2 shows the cross section II-II through the installation shown in FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 shows an enlarged detail of a brake caliper in section with the
  • T LA ⁇ RULE26 set anode, inserted cathode and electrolyte feed
  • FIG. 4 shows a top view of a second plant for the anodic oxidation of workpieces to be fed horizontally
  • FIG. 5 shows a cross section through the anodizing station of the system shown in FIG. 4 with the electrodes lowered
  • FIG. 6 shows a section as in FIG. 5, but with the electrodes raised.
  • FIG. 7 shows a vertical longitudinal section through a system to be loaded from above, which is modified compared to the example in FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 8 shows the cross section VIII-VIII through the installation shown in FIG. 7,
  • FIG. 9 shows an enlarged scale as a detail from FIG. 8 a workpiece in section with an anode attached
  • FIG. 10 shows a cross section through a plant for the anodic oxidation of workpieces, which is to be fed horizontally and modified in relation to FIG. 5, the anodes being in their
  • FIG. 11 shows a section as in FIG. 10, but with the anodes raised.
  • the system shown in FIG. 1 has four containers 1, 2, 3 and 4 arranged in a row one behind the other, which can be loaded by a carriage 5 which can be moved there and on which a lifting device 6 is located.
  • the workpieces - in the present case they are brake calipers 7 made of an aluminum material - are cleaned, in the second container 2 they are rinsed, in the third container 3 they are anodically oxidized and in the fourth container 4 they are again rinsed.
  • container 3 a container covered by a cover 8 for receiving an aqueous electrolyte 9, for example 20% sulfuric acid.
  • the container 3 has an edge 11, from which some positioning pins 12 protrude upward at predetermined locations.
  • the edge 11 serves to receive a workpiece carrier 13, for example a pallet 13a with a suspension, which has centering holes for receiving the pins 12.
  • the workpiece carrier 13 is designed such that its pallet 13a hangs above the electrolyte level 10.
  • the carrier 13 has upright supports 14 at predetermined locations for receiving the brake calipers 7, namely the supports 14 have a diameter for this purpose reduced cylindrical head 15, which fits into a bore 16 of the brake caliper, the edge of the bore 16 rests on the collar surface which is formed at the transition from the support 14 to its head.
  • Two such supports 14 each accommodate a brake caliper 7 in the position defined thereby.
  • the brake caliper 7 is an approximately U-shaped structure in the side view, a cylindrical recess 17 being formed on one leg and the opposite leg being in the form of a fork 18, in the two prongs of which there is a threaded bore 19 located.
  • anodes 20 and a cathode 21, which is hollow, are attached for each caliper 7; the passage 22 through the cathode 21 serves as an electrolyte feed line.
  • the cathodes protrude vertically downwards and, when the cover 8 is placed on the edge of the container 3, are introduced coaxially through the space between the two prongs of the fork 18 into the cylindrical recess 17 of each brake caliper 7 , so that the downward-pointing outlet opening of the electrolyte line 22 lies close to the bottom of the cylindrical recess 17.
  • the anodes 20 make contact with the upper leg of the brake caliper 20.
  • the anodes 20 are spring-loaded so that they hit back somewhat when they hit the brake caliper can give way, so that the contact pressure is determined by the Feder ⁇ pressure.
  • the anodes 20, the cathodes 21 and the electrolyte feed lines 22 are fastened to a suspension 23, which in turn is attached to the underside of the cover 8.
  • ERSATZBLAH (REGEL26)
  • the electrolyte is supplied via a common line 24 branching to the hollow cathodes 21, which partially runs in the cover 8 and is connected to this with a hose 25 which leads to a circulating pump 27 which conveys the electrolyte liquid.
  • the anodes 20 and the cathodes 21 are connected to stationary electrical connection contacts at the edge of the container 3 via an electrical feed line running in the cover 8.
  • the hose 25 forms a loop 26 when the cover 8 is placed on it, which makes it possible to lift off the cover 8 without loosening the hose connection (as shown in FIG.
  • the cylindrical inner surface 31 of the recess 17 is a wear surface that is to be anodically oxidized.
  • the pump 27 pumps electrolyte fluid through the hollow cathode 21 into the upwardly open recess 17, in which it rises up to the edge thereof and then overflows into the electrolyte reservoir 9 of the container.
  • the current heat released by the current flow between anode 20 and cathode 21 is dissipated by the overflowing electrolyte and discharged from the electrolyte by a cooling device 32 provided in the lower region of the container, so that it remains cold and particularly hard oxide layers can be achieved.
  • FIGS. 4 to 6 essentially differs from the system shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 in that it is a continuous system with horizontal loading. Parts which correspond to parts in the first system are designated in FIGS. 4 to 6 with the same reference numbers as in FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • the workpieces 7 to be machined are arranged in a predetermined position and orientation on a carrier 13 which looks similar to that in FIG. run the facility.
  • the system has a loading and unloading station 50, in which the carriers 13 are equipped with the workpieces 7. This is followed by a rotary table 51, which rotates the carriers 13 by 90 ° into the correct orientation for transfer to a buffer section 52, which they walk through step by step until they are transferred to the end by a cross conveyor 53 Feeding device 54 of the actual treatment section 55.
  • This treatment section has a number of different treatment containers, including a container 3 for the anodic oxidation of the workpieces 7.
  • a removal device 54a Corresponding to the outlet side of the treatment section 55 there is a removal device 54a, a cross conveyor 53a, a buffer section 52a and a turntable 51 between this and the loading and unloading station 50.
  • the container above the electrolyte level 9 has two weirs 56 and 57.
  • the carrier 7 runs well guided on rollers 58 in a side-by-side arrangement with the container 3 Rails 59 through weir 56 into container 3.
  • position elements e.g. positioned by a stop.
  • the support structure 60 provided for the container 3 has a lifting traverse 61 which crosses the container 3 and is slidably mounted up and down, on which the cathodes 21, anodes 20 and electrolyte feed lines 22, 24 are located.
  • the lifting traverse 61 is raised during the retraction and extension of the carrier 13 (FIG. 6) and, when a carrier 7 is retracted and positioned, is moved down, as a result of which the cathodes 21, anodes 20 and electrolyte lines 22, 24 are in their predetermined position in relation to the workpieces 7, corresponding to the illustration in FIG. 2.
  • the supporting structure 60 carries a hood 62 which overlaps the container 3 and which can be sucked off through a channel 63.
  • the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 to 9 is similar to the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. Corresponding or mutually corresponding parts are therefore designated by corresponding reference numbers.
  • the device shown in FIGS. 7 to 9 differs from the device shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 in that a separate cathode is not hung on the cover 8 for each workpiece 7; rather, there is a stationary cathode 21 in the container 3 which is not connected to the cover 8 and which is continuously immersed in the electrolytic bath 9.
  • the anodes 20 are fastened under the cover 8 to a suspension 23 connected to the latter. It is with them
  • ERS ⁇ ZBLA ⁇ T (RULE 26)
  • helical springs which contact the workpieces 7 on their upper side without further ado when the cover 8 is placed, the spring force ensuring reliable contact.
  • the workpieces shown are again brake calipers.
  • the invention is not limited to the treatment of brake calipers, rather these are only shown as examples.
  • a cable 28 is provided which, coming from a power source (not shown), leads into the cover 8, with the cover placed on (FIG. 7) one on the outside of the cover.
  • the device shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 is similar to the device shown in FIGS. 5 and 6; therefore the same or corresponding parts are designated with the same reference numerals.
  • the device can be part of a system as shown in Figure 4.
  • the device shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 does not have a separate cathode for each of the workpieces 7, but instead has a stationary cathode 21 which is separated from the lifting traverse 61.
  • the anodes 20 are helical springs, as in the example according to FIGS. 7 to 9, which are placed on the upper side of the workpieces 7 with pressure by lowering the lifting crossmember 61 and are supplied with current by a cable 28 traveling with the lifting crossmember 61.
  • the device according to FIGS. 10 and 11 is used for the anodic treatment of workpieces by completely immersing them in the electrolyte.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'oxydation anodique de pièces (7) qui comprend un récipient (3) destiné à recevoir un électrolyte aqueux (9), un support (13) pourvu d'éléments (14) destinés à recevoir plusieurs pièces (7), des éléments permettant d'introduire le support (13) dans le(s) récipient(s) (3) et de l'en ressortir. Le support (13) se présente de manière à recevoir les pièces (7) selon une disposition régulière prédéfinie. Il est prévu au moins un anode (20) par pièce. Les anodes (20) peuvent être élevées et abaissées indépendamment du support (13), de manière à être acheminées en ordre déterminé jusqu'aux pièces (7) après introduction du support (13) dans le récipient (3).
EP94926927A 1993-09-08 1994-09-08 Dispositif d'oxydation anodique de pieces Expired - Lifetime EP0717793B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4330346 1993-09-08
DE19934330346 DE4330346C1 (de) 1993-09-08 1993-09-08 Vorrichtung zum anodischen Oxidieren von Werkstücken
DE9405190U 1994-03-26
DE9405190 1994-03-26
PCT/EP1994/003010 WO1995007376A1 (fr) 1993-09-08 1994-09-08 Dispositif d'oxydation anodique de pieces

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0717793A1 true EP0717793A1 (fr) 1996-06-26
EP0717793B1 EP0717793B1 (fr) 1997-04-09

Family

ID=25929319

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94926927A Expired - Lifetime EP0717793B1 (fr) 1993-09-08 1994-09-08 Dispositif d'oxydation anodique de pieces

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0717793B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59402399D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1995007376A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4664771A (en) * 1985-05-15 1987-05-12 Criton Technologies Anodizing clip
US5084155A (en) * 1990-08-28 1992-01-28 The Boeing Company Racking equipment for processing parts through anodizing, painting and the like
US5076903A (en) * 1991-02-11 1991-12-31 Sequel Corporation Anodizing rack and clamps

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9507376A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1995007376A1 (fr) 1995-03-16
EP0717793B1 (fr) 1997-04-09
DE59402399D1 (de) 1997-05-15

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