Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
  • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
  • B41M5/124—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein using pressure to make a masked colour visible, e.g. to make a coloured support visible, to create an opaque or transparent pattern, or to form colour by uniting colour-forming components
  • B41M5/165—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein using pressure to make a masked colour visible, e.g. to make a coloured support visible, to create an opaque or transparent pattern, or to form colour by uniting colour-forming components characterised by the use of microcapsules; Special solvents for incorporating the ingredients
  • B41M5/1655—Solvents

Definitions

• This invention relates to pressure-sensitive record materials of the kind comprising a base sheet, typically of paper, coated with a rupturable material confining droplets of a solution of colour-forming substances, which when released by rupture of the material undergo a colour-forming reaction to produce an image either on the base sheet itself or on a further, receptor sheet in face-to-face contact with the coated face of the base sheet.
• the invention is applicable to so-called "carbon-less" copy papers which rely on two coatings formed respectively on the contiguous faces of superimposed sheets of paper, namely a coating containing the colour-forming substance in the micro-capsules, on the back of the uppermost sheet (usually known as a CB coating) and a coating of a receptor layer on the front of the lowermost sheet (usually known as a CF coating).
• Colour-forming chemicals are typically dissolved in an oily solvent and encapsulated by well known techniques, and when such capsules are ruptured by mechanical pressure, as by impact of a type bar of a typewriter, the chemicals are released and react to form a visible mark on the CF coating of the adjacent sheet.
• the droplets may be dispersed throughout a continuous phase coating of the rupturable material.
• paper for use in such copying systems is of three types, distinguished by their coatings, namely CB sheets having a CB coating on the underside to form the top sheet of the set, CF sheets having a CF coating on the upper side to form the bottom sheet of a set, and optionally CFB sheets having a CF coating on the upper side and a CB coating on the underside to form one or more intermediate sheets of a set where required.
• Such coatings are normally applied by a continuous process to cover the entire area of the appropriate face of the sheet.
• colour-formers e.g. various chromogenic materials
• organic solvents often aromatic solvents
• US patent 4859650 also proposes the use of plant, animal or paraffin oils as solvents, and also admits that these are relatively poor solvents for conventional colour-formers, but proposes to overcome this difficulty by the use of a special type of triphenylmethane leuco-dye which is more soluble in such oils, preferably together with the addition of up to 20% of a conventional synthetic solvent.
• the use of such special leuco-dyes may be more costly than more conventional colour-formers and since the addition of synthetic solvents is required in practice to achieve an acceptable result, the full environmental advantages of natural solvents are muted.
• the present invention arises from a discovery that natural vegetable and animal oils can successfully be employed, without necessarily employing any conventional synthetic solvent, for a group of colour- formers in conventional micro-capsules, and more particularly that sufficiently concentrated solutions of this group of colour-formers in such vegetable or animal oils can be achieved to provide good imaging, and good shelf-life characteristics.
• compositions for use as the internal phase of a coating of rupturable material for application to a base sheet to form pressure-sensitive record material, the composition comprising one or more colour-formers of which at least 90% are monoamino and/or diamino fluoran derivatives, dissolved in a solvent comprising 80% to 100% of one or more vegetable and/or animal oils.
• a pressure-sensitive record material of the kind comprising a base sheet coated with one or more colour-formers characterised in that at least 90% of said colour formers are monoamino and/or diamino fluoran derivatives, and said colour- formers are dissolved in a solvent comprising 80% to 100% of an animal or vegetable oil, dissolution of said colour-formers being carried out at a temperature above 100°C, and typically at up to 135°C.
• oils which may be used include rape seed oil, cotton seed oil, olive oil, corn oil, wheat oil, soy oil, castor oil, thistle oil, ground nut oil, sunflower oil, grape seed oil, coconut oil, sesame oil, whale oil, sperm oil, fish oil cod-liver oil or any mixtures of one or more of these.
• the colour-forming substances which may be employed in accordance with the invention include chromogenic materials such as particularly, but not exclusively,
• One or more such chromogenic materials can be totally dissolved in a solvent consisting of up to 100% vegetable and/or animal oils to provide an internal phase for use in pressure-sensitive copying systems. It will however be understood that the solution may contain other additives to modify the characteristics or performance of the copying systems.
• a pressure-sensitive record material comprising a base sheet coated with a rupturable material confining droplets of an internal phase comprising a solution made in accordance with the above-specified method.
• micro-capsules containing a solution of colour-formers in an organic solvent by coacervation characterised in that at least 90% of said colour- formers comprise monoamino and/or diamino fluoran derivatives, dissolved at a temperature in excess of 100°C in a solvent comprising 80% to 100% of one or more vegetable and/or animal oils to form an internal phase solution which is subsequently subject to coacervation at a temperature below 70°C.
• the micro-capsules in accordance with the invention and used for the pressure-sensitive copying paper are prepared by conventional methods and as such do not require an in depth description.
• micro-capsules can be prepared by the coacervation of gelatine and one or more other polymers such as carboxymethyl cellulose, gum arabic etc., in conventional manner.
• micro-capsules produced may be blended with other additives including a binder, such as starch or polyvinyl alcohol or a mixture of both, and undissolved buffer or "stilt" material such as calibrated wheat starch or finely ground cellulose floe (or a mixture of both) to prevent premature rupture of the coating composition during processing and subsequent handling.
• a binder such as starch or polyvinyl alcohol or a mixture of both
• undissolved buffer or "stilt" material such as calibrated wheat starch or finely ground cellulose floe (or a mixture of both) to prevent premature rupture of the coating composition during processing and subsequent handling.
• the above coating composition may be applied to a range of paper substrates (40 gsm-150gsm) by use of standard coating techniques designed to apply a closely monitored wet film weight e.g. air knife, offset gravure, metering roll.
• Et ethyl (CH 3 -CH,-)
• Bu-t tert-butyl ((CH 3 ) 2 -CH-CH r )
• Ph phenyl (C,,H Stamm-)
• the three selected chromogenic materials used in this example (A,B,C) were mixed in the proportions indicated in Table I such that an intense black print is subsequently obtained in use.
• the mixture of chromogenic materials was dispersed into deodorised refined rape seed oil and the temperature raised to 115°C.
• the internal phase solution was emulsified in a mixture of gelatine and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) at 55 ⁇ 5°C to a mean capsule size of approximately 5 micron as measured using a Coulter Counter, (iii) Coacervation Process
• the emulsion (ii above) was diluted by the addition of soft water and the pH adjusted by the addition of 20% Sodium Hydroxide to a pH value 9.0 -9.5.
• Dilute acetic acid was added to reduce the pH of the gelatine below the isoelectric point resulting in a change in charge of the gelatine and, on further acidification, the formation of liquid coacervates results from the phase separation and inter-relation with the negatively charged C.M.C. in conventional manner.
• liquid coacervates are attracted to the nucleus or core material (i.e. the internal phase solution produced at (i) above) and coalesce to form a liquid wall.
• the dispersion was cooled at 8°C - 10°C in order to gel the liquid walls of the coacervates.
• the cross linked dispersion was returned to ambient temperature and allowed to homogenise and condition (e.g. age) for a predetermined period (1-3 hours).
• the resultant capsule dispersion was blended with a suitable binder (e.g. starch or starch/P.V.A. mixture) and a suitable "stilt buffer” (e.g. cellulose floe or calibrated wheat starch) to produce a mixture suitable for coating onto a sheet material by conventional means.
• a suitable binder e.g. starch or starch/P.V.A. mixture
• a suitable "stilt buffer” e.g. cellulose floe or calibrated wheat starch
• the four selected chromogenic materials ( A,B,C,D) were mixed in the proportions indicated in Table I such that an intense black print is subsequently obtained in use.
• these four chromogenic materials were initially dispersed in a solvent comprising deodorised refined rape-seed oil at a concentration of 6.9% at ambient temperature and the temperature was increased to 115°C and then decreased.
• the colour-formers used are all fluoran derivatives and the solvents are 100% animal or vegetable oil
• additional non-fluoran colour-formers may be included at up to 10% of the colour-former formulation, and that other non-animal or vegetable oil solvents may be included in the solvent at up to 20% of the solvent if required, although the use of 100% fluoran colour-formers and 100% animal or vegetable oils as solvents is entirely satisfactory.

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• Color Printing (AREA)
• Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

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Family Applications (1)

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• 1993
  • 1993-09-04 GB GB939318371A patent/GB9318371D0/en active Pending
• 1994
  • 1994-09-05 AT AT94925547T patent/ATE165771T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1994-09-05 CA CA002170740A patent/CA2170740C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1994-09-05 JP JP7508519A patent/JPH09502135A/ja active Pending
  • 1994-09-05 DE DE69410102T patent/DE69410102T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1994-09-05 EP EP94925547A patent/EP0716634B1/de not_active Revoked
  • 1994-09-05 WO PCT/GB1994/001921 patent/WO1995007187A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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