EP0715581B1 - Method of controlling a safety device, and a safety device for carrying out this method - Google Patents

Method of controlling a safety device, and a safety device for carrying out this method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0715581B1
EP0715581B1 EP94921579A EP94921579A EP0715581B1 EP 0715581 B1 EP0715581 B1 EP 0715581B1 EP 94921579 A EP94921579 A EP 94921579A EP 94921579 A EP94921579 A EP 94921579A EP 0715581 B1 EP0715581 B1 EP 0715581B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
safety
zone
train
access
monitoring zone
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP94921579A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0715581A1 (en
Inventor
Christian Jochimsen
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L29/00—Safety means for rail/road crossing traffic
    • B61L29/24—Means for warning road traffic that a gate is closed or closing, or that rail traffic is approaching, e.g. for visible or audible warning
    • B61L29/28—Means for warning road traffic that a gate is closed or closing, or that rail traffic is approaching, e.g. for visible or audible warning electrically operated
    • B61L29/282—Means for warning road traffic that a gate is closed or closing, or that rail traffic is approaching, e.g. for visible or audible warning electrically operated magnetic or inductive control by the vehicle

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a control method for safety devices for level crossings and a safety device for a level crossing according to the preamble of claim 1 and 3 respectively.
  • DE-A-1 918 911 discloses a safety device for a level crossing and a control method for the latter, vehicle detectors with active guide loops arranged on the tracks at certain intervals from a path crossing (safety area) having influencing areas greater than the smallest vehicle length and are smaller than the largest vehicle length.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a control method for a security device for a level crossing that reliably activates and / or deactivates the access control devices of this security area almost independently of the number of objects (trains or rail vehicles) approaching a security area and the frequency of these events.
  • a security device for a level crossing is to be created, which can differentiate between objects entering a monitored area and leaving this area.
  • the object on which the invention is based is achieved by the control method described in claim 1 and by the safety device described in claim 3.
  • the control method described and when the security device described is used it is possible for any number of counting objects to be able to penetrate into a monitoring area surrounding the security area without the operation of the control method or the security standard offered by the security device being impaired thereby.
  • This advantage enables the monitoring area to be made as large as desired choose because the possibly increased number of objects located in the surveillance area does not reduce the security level to be achieved by the invention.
  • control of the access control devices for fulfilling predeterminable security criteria is based on an easy to grasp and process feature.
  • the detection device of the security device is further developed in an advantageous manner.
  • contact-free contact sensors preferably induction loops, are provided as detectors ensures that, depending on an object that enters or leaves the monitored area, only one unambiguous signal is generated.
  • the security device is additionally equipped with a direction detection, which allows the direction of movement of the objects entering the surveillance area and the objects leaving the surveillance area to be reliably ascertained.
  • the security area is limited by further detectors which are connected to an evaluation module, at the output of which a direction signal corresponding to the direction of movement of the object and a status signal which represents the leaving of the security area by the object, are available, the deactivation of the Access control devices are already initiated when the security area is left by the object. Because the direction of movement of the object is also queried, an additional security feature of the security device is realized.
  • the one in one Security measures initiated in the direction of the moving object can only be resolved by an object moving in the same direction. A direction-dependent check is therefore carried out to determine whether objects are still in the security area or are approaching it.
  • the security device is developed such that the penetration of objects from any number of directions in the surveillance area is safely controlled.
  • the registration device is constructed from individual modules formed by modules, the registration device can be put together in accordance with the desired security standard and the relevant security area.
  • the security area 3 has an access control device 18, not shown in the drawing, which, for example, railway barriers, and signaling devices, such as Traffic lights included to secure the level crossing.
  • This access control device 18 is controlled by a registration device 19.
  • the securing area 3 is delimited on both sides by a first and a second switch-off loop 4 and 5 in the direction of extension of the track body 1.
  • the switch-off loops 4 and 5 are induction coils integrated in the track body 1, the loop width of which is ideally chosen between approximately 4 m and 7 m.
  • the switch-off loops 4, 5 are each connected to an evaluation module 6.
  • This evaluation module 6 comprises an evaluation logic circuit 7.
  • a switch-on loop 8 is integrated in the track body 1 at a suitable distance from the securing area 3.
  • a direction detection loop 9 is additionally let into the track body 1.
  • the switch-on loop 8 and the direction detection loop 9 are each connected to a control module 10.
  • the control module 10 essentially consists of a safety logic circuit 11, which is operatively connected to a counting device 12.
  • an AND gate 13 is connected to the counter 12 within the control module 10.
  • the AND gate 13 has two inputs which are in signal connection with the evaluation module 6. There is an active connection between the control module 10 and the access control device 18 located at the level crossing.
  • a further switch-on loop 14 a further direction detection loop 15 and a further control module 16 constructed analogously to the control module 10 are also provided on the other side of the security area 3.
  • the track body area delimited by the switch-on loops 8, 14 is referred to as the monitoring area 17.
  • a train traveling in the direction of the security area 3 first passes the switch-on loop 8 and then the direction detection loop 9. Both loop bodies 8 and 9 have current flowing through them.
  • the magnetic field thus formed is monitored by the control module 10.
  • the changes in the magnetic fields triggered as a result of the train passage are detected by the control module 10 and evaluated in such a way that, depending on the sequence in which the respective magnetic fields are traversed, it is determined in which direction the train in question is traveling. It is thus determined that first the switch-on loop 8 and then the direction detection loop 9 have been passed.
  • Such a signal input causes the safety logic circuit 11 of the control module 10 to send a counting pulse to the counting device 12.
  • This counting pulse causes the counting device 12 to be increased by a factor of 1.
  • a possible further passage through the train would increase the counting result by a further factor of 1.
  • the access control devices 18 are activated by the registration device 19 in such a way that all predetermined security criteria are fulfilled following a predetermined procedure.
  • the train now passes through the safety area 3 delimited by the first and second switch-off loops 4 and 5.
  • This passage of the train is evaluated by the evaluation logic circuit 7 located in the evaluation module 6.
  • the direction of the moving train is determined again on the basis of the sequence of switch-off loops 4 and 5 passed through. If the determined direction of travel of the train leads from the switch-on loop 8 to the further switch-on loop 14, a "high" signal is transmitted to one input of the AND gate 13.
  • driving on the second switch-off loop 5 lying in the direction of travel is evaluated as a switch-off pulse which, after a corresponding evaluation by the evaluation logic circuit 7, has the result that the second input of the AND gate 13 is also set to "high".
  • the AND gate 13 outputs a counting pulse to a countdown input of the counting device 12. This signal has the effect that the respective counting result is decreased by 1. If the result of the count is 0, the security measures initiated to secure the security area 3 are withdrawn within a predefinable time. If the counting result is greater than 0, the security measures initiated are retained since this stipulates that another train coming from the same direction is located in the monitoring area 17.
  • the train first passes the further direction detection loop 15 and then the further switch-on loop 14. This passage through the train is also evaluated in the further control module 16. Whenever a direction detection loop 9, 15 is passed first and only then the switch-on loop 14, 8, the train passage has no influence on the counting result of the counting device 12.
  • a train passage in the other direction is analogous.
  • the safety device shown would even allow trains to enter the monitoring area 17 from both directions. This only makes sense if there are 17 switches and / or other alternatives in the monitoring area. Because each of the possible directions of travel is assigned a separate counting device 12, proper functioning of the safety device is nevertheless ensured at all times.
  • the safety device according to FIG. 2 can be significantly simplified. It is then only necessary to arrange a switch-on loop 8 and a switch-off loop 5 as well as the associated evaluation and control modules 6, 10. Even with this greatly simplified security device, several trains can enter the monitoring area 17 without the security guaranteed by the security device being impaired thereby.
  • FIG. 3 shows the basic circuit diagram of another exemplary embodiment of the securing device.
  • the counting devices 12 each associated with a direction of travel and the required AND gates 13 are arranged in the evaluation module 6.
  • the counting pulse increasing the counting device 12 is transmitted either by the control module 10 or by the further control module 16.
  • the counting pulse which replaces the counting device 12 is given separately for each direction by an AND gate 13 as soon as, as in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the AND gate 13 has also received both a switch-off pulse and a signal corresponding to the relevant direction .
  • the access control device 18 is connected to the evaluation module 6.
  • control method described can also be used in connection with safety devices that are already in operation. In this case, it is only necessary to ensure by means of an appropriate evaluation circuit that a signal of such accuracy and quality is available through the sensors located in these track systems, which operate, for example, with the axle counting customary in railway technology, that one of the number of actually in corresponding counting result is available for trains entering the monitoring area 17 and / or for leaving this area 17.
  • FIGS. 4 to 8 show possible circuitry implementations of the control modules 10 and 16 and the evaluation module 6.
  • a circuit implementation it is also possible to generate the running algorithms by means of a software solution. This is achieved in a particularly advantageous manner by means of freely programmable control modules, in particular by using the applicant's control devices known under the name SIMATIC S5.
  • the control method in connection with the claimed safety device offers a safety standard that meets the highest demands.
  • traffic engineering due to the increase in traffic the available response times and the complexity of the increased security requirements to be met.
  • a level crossing can be designed in such a way that, instead of the block operation that used to be common in train control technology, it now masters the increasingly common train following operation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
  • Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

In the transport field, certain safety-sensitive areas such as level crossings are equipped with access-control devices (18) such as barriers and/or signal installations. Control of these access-control devices (18) is automated to the greatest possible extent. Such devices often do not meet the safety requirements, however, if the number of events triggering their use or the frequency of these events exceeds a given level. The aim of the invention is to provide a control method and associated safety device which are practically independent of the number of events, e.g. the passage of trains, triggering their use and the frequency of these events, and thus ensure a high standard of safety. To this end, the access-control devices (18) in the safety area (3) are actuated by a recording device (19) as a function of a number of objects entering a surveillance zone (17) and leaving this zone (17) in accordance with predetermined safety criteria.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Steuerungsverfahren für Sicherungseinrichtungen für Bahnübergänge und eine Sicherungseinrichtung für einen Bahnübergang nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 bzw. 3.3. The invention relates to a control method for safety devices for level crossings and a safety device for a level crossing according to the preamble of claim 1 and 3 respectively.

Es ist bekannt, einen Sicherungsbereich mit den Zugang zu diesem Bereich regelnden und kontrollierenden Zugangsregeleinrichtungen, wie Sperren und/oder Warnsignalen, zu umgeben. Es ist weiter bekannt, die Sicherung des Sicherungsbereiches insoweit zu automatisieren, daß in der näheren Umgebung des Sicherungsbereiches Sensoren angeordnet werden, die die Annäherung eines Objektes (Zug- oder Fahrzeugverband) an den Sicherungsbereich erfassen und einer Regelungseinrichtung übermitteln, die mit den Zugangsregeleinrichtungen in Wirkverbindung steht. Derartige Überwachungseinrichtungen sind immer dann unbefriedigend, wenn entweder in schneller Folge oder in großer Zahl eine Annaherung von Objekten erfolgt. Es werden beispielsweise einzelne Objekte nicht erfaßt, oder die Sicherung des Sicherungsbereiches wird beendet, sobald ein erstes Objekt den Sicherungsbereich verläßt, obwohl sich noch ein zweites Objekt innerhalb des Sicherungsbereiches befindet. Ein weiteres Problem derartiger Einrichtungen besteht darin, daß es einerseits erstrebenswert ist, die Sensoren in möglichst großer Entfernung von dem Sicherungsbereich anzuordnen, um eine ausreichende Reaktionszeit für die Überwachungseinrichtung zu gewinnen, aber andererseits hierdurch die Wahrscheinlichkeit erhöht wird, daß sich mehrere Objekte in dem von den Sensoren überwachten Bereich befinden.It is known to surround a security area with access control devices that regulate and control access to this area, such as barriers and / or warning signals. It is also known to automate the security of the security area to the extent that sensors are arranged in the vicinity of the security area that detect the approach of an object (train or vehicle group) to the security area and transmit it to a control device that is in operative connection with the access control devices stands. Monitoring devices of this type are always unsatisfactory if objects are approached either in rapid succession or in large numbers. For example, individual objects are not detected, or the backup of the security area is ended as soon as a first object leaves the security area, although there is still a second object within the security area. Another problem with such devices is that on the one hand it is desirable to arrange the sensors as far away as possible from the security area in order to gain sufficient reaction time for the monitoring device, but on the other hand this increases the probability that several objects will be in the the area monitored by the sensors.

Aus der DE-A-1 918 911 gehen eine Sicherungseinrichtung für einen Bahnübergang und ein Steuerungsverfahren für diese hervor, wobei in bestimmten Abständen zu einem Wegübergang (Sicherungsbereich) an den Gleisen angeordnete Fahrzeugdetektoren mit aktiven Leitschleifen vorgesehen sind, deren Beeinflussungsbereiche größer als die kleinste Fahrzeuglänge und kleiner als größte Fahrzeuglänge sind. Die vorstehend beschriebene Problematik bei in schneller Folge oder in großer Zahl sich annähernder Züge oder Fahrzeugverbände und hinsichtlich der Entfernung von Sensoren zu dem Sicherungsbereich werden im Rahmen der DE-A-1 918 911 weder angesprochen noch gelöst.DE-A-1 918 911 discloses a safety device for a level crossing and a control method for the latter, vehicle detectors with active guide loops arranged on the tracks at certain intervals from a path crossing (safety area) having influencing areas greater than the smallest vehicle length and are smaller than the largest vehicle length. The problems described above in the case of trains or vehicle groups approaching in rapid succession or in large numbers and with regard to the distance from sensors to the security area are neither addressed nor solved within the scope of DE-A-1 918 911.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Steuerungsverfahren für eine Sicherungseinrichtung für einen Bahnübergang anzugeben, das nahezu unabhängig von der Anzahl der sich an einen Sicherungsbereich annähernden Objekte (Züge oder Schienenfahrzeuge) und der Frequenz dieser Ereignisse zuverlässig die Zugangsregelungseinrichtungen dieses Sicherungsbereiches aktiviert und/oder deaktiviert. Darüber hinaus soll eine Sicherungseinrichtung für einen Bahnübergang geschaffen werden, die zwischen in einen überwachten Bereich eindringenden und diesen Bereich verlassenden Objekten unterscheiden kann.The object of the invention is to provide a control method for a security device for a level crossing that reliably activates and / or deactivates the access control devices of this security area almost independently of the number of objects (trains or rail vehicles) approaching a security area and the frequency of these events. In addition, a security device for a level crossing is to be created, which can differentiate between objects entering a monitored area and leaving this area.

Die Lösung der der Erfindung zugrundeliegenden Aufgabe gelingt durch das im Anspruch 1 beschriebene Steuerungsverfahren sowie durch die im Anspruch 3 beschriebene Sicherungseinrichtung. Gemäß dem beschriebenen Steuerungsverfahren und bei Anwendung der beschriebenen Sicherungseinrichtung gelingt es, daß beliebig viele Zählobjekte in einen den Sicherungsbereich umschließenden Überwachungsbereich eindringen können, ohne daß dadurch der Ablauf des Steuerungsverfahrens oder der von der Sicherungseinrichtung gebotene Sicherheitsstandard beeinträchtigt werden würde. Durch diesen Vorteil ergibt sich die Möglichkeit, den Überwachungsbereich beliebig groß zu wählen, da die hierdurch eventuell erhöhte Anzahl der im Überwachungsbereich befindlichen Objekte das durch die Erfindung zu erzielende Sicherheitsniveau nicht herabsetzt.The object on which the invention is based is achieved by the control method described in claim 1 and by the safety device described in claim 3. According to the control method described and when the security device described is used, it is possible for any number of counting objects to be able to penetrate into a monitoring area surrounding the security area without the operation of the control method or the security standard offered by the security device being impaired thereby. This advantage enables the monitoring area to be made as large as desired choose because the possibly increased number of objects located in the surveillance area does not reduce the security level to be achieved by the invention.

Gemäß einer Weiterbildung des Steuerungsverfahrens nach Anspruch 2 liegt der Ansteuerung der Zugangsregelungseinrichtungen zur Erfüllung vorgebbarer Sicherheitskriterien ein leicht zu erfassendes und zu verarbeitendes Merkmal zugrunde.According to a further development of the control method according to claim 2, the control of the access control devices for fulfilling predeterminable security criteria is based on an easy to grasp and process feature.

Gemäß den Ansprüchen 4 bis 6 wird die Erfassungseinrichtung der Sicherungseinrichtung in vorteilhafter Weise weitergebildet.According to claims 4 to 6, the detection device of the security device is further developed in an advantageous manner.

Dadurch, daß als Detektoren berührungslos arbeitende Kontaktaufnehmer, vorzugsweise Induktionsschleifen, vorgesehen sind, ist sichergestellt, daß in Abhängigkeit einem Objekt, das in den Überwachungsbereich eindringt oder aber ihn verläßt, jeweils nur ein eindeutiges Signal generiert wird.The fact that contact-free contact sensors, preferably induction loops, are provided as detectors ensures that, depending on an object that enters or leaves the monitored area, only one unambiguous signal is generated.

Gemäß Anspruch 8 ist die Sicherungseinrichtung zusätzlich mit einer Richtungserkennung ausgerüstet, die es gestattet, daß die Bewegungsrichtung der in den Überwachungsbereich eindringenden Objekte und den Überwachungsbereich verlassenden Objekte sicher feststellbar ist.According to claim 8, the security device is additionally equipped with a direction detection, which allows the direction of movement of the objects entering the surveillance area and the objects leaving the surveillance area to be reliably ascertained.

Dadurch, daß der Sicherungsbereich von weiteren Detektoren begrenzt wird, die mit einem Auswertebaustein verbunden sind, an dessen Ausgang ein der Bewegungsrichtung des Objektes entsprechendes Richtungssignal und ein Statussignal, welches das Verlassen des Sicherungsbereiches durch das Objekt repräsentiert, zur Verfügung steht, kann die Deaktivierung der Zugangsregelungseinrichtungen bereits eingeleitet werden, wenn der Sicherungsbereich von dem Objekt verlassen wird. Dadurch, daß hierbei auch die Bewegungsrichtung des Objektes abgefragt wird, ist ein zusätzliches Sicherheitsmerkmal der Sicherungseinrichtung verwirklicht. Die von einem sich in der einen Richtung fortbewegenden Objekt veranlaßten Sicherheitsmaßnahmen können nur von einem Objekt, das sich in derselben Richtung fortbewegt, wieder aufgelöst werden. Es erfolgt also eine richtungsabhängige Überprüfung, ob sich noch Objekte im Sicherungsbereich befinden oder sich diesem annähern.The fact that the security area is limited by further detectors which are connected to an evaluation module, at the output of which a direction signal corresponding to the direction of movement of the object and a status signal which represents the leaving of the security area by the object, are available, the deactivation of the Access control devices are already initiated when the security area is left by the object. Because the direction of movement of the object is also queried, an additional security feature of the security device is realized. The one in one Security measures initiated in the direction of the moving object can only be resolved by an object moving in the same direction. A direction-dependent check is therefore carried out to determine whether objects are still in the security area or are approaching it.

Gemäß Anspruch 10 ist die Sicherungseinrichtung derart weitergebildet, daß das Eindringen von Objekten aus beliebig vielen Richtungen in den Überwachungsbereich sicher beherrscht wird.According to claim 10, the security device is developed such that the penetration of objects from any number of directions in the surveillance area is safely controlled.

Dadurch daß die Registrierungseinrichtung aus einzelnen von Modulen gebildeten Bausteinen aufgebaut ist, kann die Registrierungseinrichtung je nach gewünschtem Sicherheitsstandard und dem betreffenden Sicherungsbereich entsprechend zusammengestellt werden.Because the registration device is constructed from individual modules formed by modules, the registration device can be put together in accordance with the desired security standard and the relevant security area.

In den Ansprüchen 12 und 13 werden vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen für einen modularen Aufbau von Registrierungseinrichtungen genannt.In the claims 12 and 13 advantageous developments for a modular structure of registration devices are mentioned.

Die Erfindung wird anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

FIG 1
eine Prinzipdarstellung einer Sicherungseinrichtung,
FIG 2
eine Prinzipdarstellung einer zweiten Sicherungseinrichtung,
FIG 3
eine Prinzipdarstellung einer dritten Sicherungseinrichtung
FIG 4
ein Prinzipschaltbild zu einem Schaltungsteil eines Kontrollbausteines,
FIG 5
ein Prinzipschaltbild eines Details des Kontrollbausteins.
FIG 6
ein Prinzipschaltbild zu einem Schaltungsteil des Auswertebausteins,
FIG 7
ein Prinzipschaltbild zu einem weiteren Schaltungsteil des Auswertebausteins,
FIG 8
ein Prinzipschaltbild eines Details des Auswertebausteins.
The invention is explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing. Show it:
FIG. 1
a schematic diagram of a security device,
FIG 2
a schematic diagram of a second security device,
FIG 3
a schematic diagram of a third security device
FIG 4
2 shows a basic circuit diagram for a circuit part of a control module,
FIG 5
a schematic diagram of a detail of the control module.
FIG 6
1 shows a basic circuit diagram for a circuit part of the evaluation module,
FIG 7
2 shows a basic circuit diagram for a further circuit part of the evaluation module,
FIG 8
a block diagram of a detail of the evaluation block.

FIG 1 zeigt die Prinzipdarstellung einer Sicherungseinrichtung für einen Bahnübergang. Ein in zwei Richtungen befahrbarer Gleiskörper 1 kreuzt eine Fahrstraße 2. Der Bereich, innerhalb dessen der Gleiskörper 1 die Fahrstraße 2 kreuzt, wird als Sicherungsbereich 3 bezeichnet. Der Sicherungsbereich 3 weist eine in der Zeichnung nicht näher dargestellte Zugangsregelungseinrichtung 18 auf, die beispielsweise Bahnschranken, und Signaleinrichtungen, wie z.B. Ampeln, umfaßt, um den Bahnübergang zu sichern. Diese Zugangsregelungseinrichtung 18 wird von einer Registrierungseinrichtung 19 angesteuert. Hierzu wird in Erstreckungsrichtung des Gleiskörpers 1 der Sicherungsbereich 3 beidseitig von einer ersten und einer zweiten Ausschaltschleife 4 und 5 begrenzt. Bei den Ausschaltschleifen 4 und 5 handelt es sich um in den Gleiskörper 1 integrierte Induktionsspulen, deren Schleifenweite idealerweise zwischen ungefähr 4 m und 7 m gewählt wird. Die Ausschaltschleifen 4,5 sind jeweils mit einem Auswertebaustein 6 verbunden. Dieser Auswertebaustein 6 umfaßt eine Auswertelogikschaltung 7.1 shows the basic illustration of a safety device for a level crossing. A track body 1 which can be driven in two directions crosses a driveway 2. The area within which the track body 1 crosses the driveway 2 is referred to as the security area 3. The security area 3 has an access control device 18, not shown in the drawing, which, for example, railway barriers, and signaling devices, such as Traffic lights included to secure the level crossing. This access control device 18 is controlled by a registration device 19. For this purpose, the securing area 3 is delimited on both sides by a first and a second switch-off loop 4 and 5 in the direction of extension of the track body 1. The switch-off loops 4 and 5 are induction coils integrated in the track body 1, the loop width of which is ideally chosen between approximately 4 m and 7 m. The switch-off loops 4, 5 are each connected to an evaluation module 6. This evaluation module 6 comprises an evaluation logic circuit 7.

In geeigneter Entfernung von dem Sicherungsbereich 3 ist im Gleiskörper 1 eine Einschaltschleife 8 integriert. Auf der dem Sicherungsbereich 3 zugewandten Seite der Einschaltschleife 8 ist zusätzlich eine Richtungserfassungsschleife 9 in den Gleiskörper 1 eingelassen. Die Einschaltschleife 8 und die Richtungserfassungsschleife 9 sind jeweils an einen Kontrollbaustein 10 angeschlossen. Der Kontrollbaustein 10 besteht im wesentlichen aus einer Sicherheitslogikschaltung 11, die mit einer Zähleinrichtung 12 in Wirkverbindung steht. Zusätzlich ist innerhalb des Kontrollbausteins 10 ein UND-Gatter 13 mit der Zähleinrichtung 12 verbunden. Das UND-Gatter 13 weist zwei mit dem Auswertebaustein 6 in Signalverbindung stehende Eingänge auf. Es besteht eine Wirkverbindung zwischen dem Kontrollbaustein 10 und der am Bahnübergang befindlichen Zugangsregelungseinrichtung 18.A switch-on loop 8 is integrated in the track body 1 at a suitable distance from the securing area 3. On the side of the switch-on loop 8 facing the securing area 3, a direction detection loop 9 is additionally let into the track body 1. The switch-on loop 8 and the direction detection loop 9 are each connected to a control module 10. The control module 10 essentially consists of a safety logic circuit 11, which is operatively connected to a counting device 12. In addition, an AND gate 13 is connected to the counter 12 within the control module 10. The AND gate 13 has two inputs which are in signal connection with the evaluation module 6. There is an active connection between the control module 10 and the access control device 18 located at the level crossing.

Da der Gleiskörper 1 in zwei Richtungen zu befahren ist, ist auch auf der anderen Seite des Sicherungsbereiches 3 eine weitere Einschaltschleife 14, eine weitere Richtungserfassungsschleife 15 sowie ein analog zu dem Kontrollbaustein 10 aufgebauter weiterer Kontrollbaustein 16 vorgesehen. Der von den Einschaltschleifen 8,14 begrenzte Gleiskörperbereich wird als Überwachungsbereich 17 bezeichnet.Since the track body 1 can be traveled in two directions, a further switch-on loop 14, a further direction detection loop 15 and a further control module 16 constructed analogously to the control module 10 are also provided on the other side of the security area 3. The track body area delimited by the switch-on loops 8, 14 is referred to as the monitoring area 17.

Im folgenden wird die Funktion der Sicherungseinrichtung im einzelnen erläutert. Ein in Richtung des Sicherungsbereiches 3 fahrender Zug passiert zunächst die Einschaltschleife 8 und dann die Richtungserfassungsschleife 9. Beide Schleifenkörper 8 und 9 sind stromdurchflossen. Das hierdurch gebildete Magnetfeld wird von dem Kontrollbaustein 10 überwacht. Die infolge der Zugdurchfahrt ausgelösten Veränderungen der Magnetfelder werden von dem Kontrollbaustein 10 erfaßt und derart ausgewertet, daß in Abhängigkeit von der Reihenfolge, in der die jeweiligen Magnetfelder durchfahren werden, festgestellt wird, in welche Richtung der fragliche Zug fährt. Somit wird ermittelt, daß zuerst die Einschaltschleife 8 und dann die Richtungserfassungsschleife 9 passiert wurde. Ein derartiger Signaleingang bewirkt, daß die Sicherheitslogikschaltung 11 des Kontrollbausteins 10 an die Zähleinrichtung 12 einen Zählimpuls sendet. Dieser Zählimpuls bewirkt das Hochsetzen der Zähleinrichtung 12 um den Faktor 1. Eine etwaige weitere Zugdurchfahrt würde das Zählergebnis um einen weiteren Faktor 1 erhöhen. Im übrigen werden die Zugangsregelungseinrichtungen 18 von der Registrierungseinrichtung 19 derart aktiviert, daß alle vorgegebenen Sicherheitskriterien einem vorherbestimmten Ablauf folgend erfüllt werden.The function of the safety device is explained in detail below. A train traveling in the direction of the security area 3 first passes the switch-on loop 8 and then the direction detection loop 9. Both loop bodies 8 and 9 have current flowing through them. The magnetic field thus formed is monitored by the control module 10. The changes in the magnetic fields triggered as a result of the train passage are detected by the control module 10 and evaluated in such a way that, depending on the sequence in which the respective magnetic fields are traversed, it is determined in which direction the train in question is traveling. It is thus determined that first the switch-on loop 8 and then the direction detection loop 9 have been passed. Such a signal input causes the safety logic circuit 11 of the control module 10 to send a counting pulse to the counting device 12. This counting pulse causes the counting device 12 to be increased by a factor of 1. A possible further passage through the train would increase the counting result by a further factor of 1. Otherwise, the access control devices 18 are activated by the registration device 19 in such a way that all predetermined security criteria are fulfilled following a predetermined procedure.

Der Zug passiert nun den von der ersten und der zweiten Ausschaltschleife 4 und 5 begrenzten Sicherungsbereich 3. Diese Zugdurchfahrt wird von der im Auswertebaustein 6 befindlichen Auswertelogikschaltung 7 ausgewertet. Anhand der Reihenfolge der durchfahrenen Ausschaltschleifen 4 und 5 wird erneut die Richtung des fahrenden Zuges ermittelt. Sofern die festgestellte Fahrtrichtung des Zuges von der Einschaltschleife 8 zu der weiteren Einschaltschleife 14 führt, so wird an den einen Eingang des UND-Gatters 13 ein Signal "high" übermittelt. Zusätzlich wird das Befahren der in Fahrtrichtung liegenden zweiten Ausschaltschleife 5 als Ausschaltimpuls gewertet, der nach entsprechender Auswertung durch die Auswertelogikschaltung 7 zur Folge hat, daß auch der zweite Eingang des UND-Gatters 13 auf "high" gesetzt wird. Sobald beide Eingänge des UND-Gatters 13 auf "high" stehen, gibt das UND-Gatter 13 einen Zählimpuls an einen Herunterzähleingang der Zähleinrichtung 12. Dieses Signal bewirkt, daß das jeweilige Zählergebnis um 1 erniedrigt wird. Wenn das nun entstandene Zählergebnis 0 lautet, werden die zur Sicherung des Sicherungsbereiches 3 eingeleiteten Sicherungsmaßnahmen innerhalb einer vorgebbaren Zeit zurückgenommen. Falls das Zählergebnis größer 0 ist, bleiben die eingeleiteten Sicherungsmaßnahmen erhalten, da hierdurch festgelegt ist, daß sich ein weiterer Zug aus gleicher Richtung kommend in dem Überwachungsbereich 17 befindet.The train now passes through the safety area 3 delimited by the first and second switch-off loops 4 and 5. This passage of the train is evaluated by the evaluation logic circuit 7 located in the evaluation module 6. The direction of the moving train is determined again on the basis of the sequence of switch-off loops 4 and 5 passed through. If the determined direction of travel of the train leads from the switch-on loop 8 to the further switch-on loop 14, a "high" signal is transmitted to one input of the AND gate 13. In addition, driving on the second switch-off loop 5 lying in the direction of travel is evaluated as a switch-off pulse which, after a corresponding evaluation by the evaluation logic circuit 7, has the result that the second input of the AND gate 13 is also set to "high". As soon as both inputs of the AND gate 13 are at "high", the AND gate 13 outputs a counting pulse to a countdown input of the counting device 12. This signal has the effect that the respective counting result is decreased by 1. If the result of the count is 0, the security measures initiated to secure the security area 3 are withdrawn within a predefinable time. If the counting result is greater than 0, the security measures initiated are retained since this stipulates that another train coming from the same direction is located in the monitoring area 17.

Schließlich passiert der Zug im weiteren Verlauf seiner Fahrt zunächst die weitere Richtungserfassungsschleife 15 und dann die weitere Einschaltschleife 14. Auch diese Zugdurchfahrt wird in dem weiteren Kontrollbaustein 16 ausgewertet. Immer dann, wenn zuerst eine Richtungserfassungsschleife 9, 15 durchfahren wird und dann erst die Einschaltschleife 14, 8 bleibt die Zugdurchfahrt ohne Einfluß auf das Zählergebnis der Zähleinrichtung 12.Finally, in the further course of its journey, the train first passes the further direction detection loop 15 and then the further switch-on loop 14. This passage through the train is also evaluated in the further control module 16. Whenever a direction detection loop 9, 15 is passed first and only then the switch-on loop 14, 8, the train passage has no influence on the counting result of the counting device 12.

Eine Zugdurchfahrt in der anderen Richtung verläuft analog. Die dargestellte Sicherungseinrichtung würde es sogar zulassen, daß aus beiden Richtungen Züge in den Überwachungsbereich 17 einfahren. Dies ist nur sinnvoll, wenn sich in dem Überwachungsbereich 17 Weichen und/oder andere Ausweichmöglichkeiten befinden. Dadurch, daß jeder der möglichen Fahrtrichtungen eine getrennte Zähleinrichtung 12 zugeordnet ist, ist dennoch eine einwandfreie Funktion der Sicherungseinrichtung zu jedem Zeitpunkt sichergestellt.A train passage in the other direction is analogous. The safety device shown would even allow trains to enter the monitoring area 17 from both directions. This only makes sense if there are 17 switches and / or other alternatives in the monitoring area. Because each of the possible directions of travel is assigned a separate counting device 12, proper functioning of the safety device is nevertheless ensured at all times.

Sofern sichergestellt ist, daß der Gleiskörper 1 nur in einer Fahrtrichtung befahren wird, kann die Sicherungseinrichtung gemäß FIG 2 wesentlich vereinfacht werden. Es ist dann lediglich erforderlich, eine Einschaltschleife 8 und eine Ausschaltschleife 5 sowie die zugehörigen Auswerte- und Kontrollbausteine 6,10 anzuordnen. Auch bei dieser stark vereinfachten Sicherungseinrichtung können mehrere Züge in den Überwachungsbereich 17 einfahren, ohne daß die von der Sicherungseinrichtung gewährleistete Sicherheit dadurch beeinträchtigt würde.If it is ensured that the track body 1 is traversed only in one direction of travel, the safety device according to FIG. 2 can be significantly simplified. It is then only necessary to arrange a switch-on loop 8 and a switch-off loop 5 as well as the associated evaluation and control modules 6, 10. Even with this greatly simplified security device, several trains can enter the monitoring area 17 without the security guaranteed by the security device being impaired thereby.

FIG 3 zeigt das Prinzipschaltbild eines anderen Ausführungsbeispiels der Sicherungseinrichtung. Bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel sind die jeweils einer Fahrtrichtung zugeordneten Zähleinrichtungen 12 und die erforderlichen UND-Gatter 13 in dem Auswertebaustein 6 angeordnet. Der die Zähleinrichtung 12 hochsetzende Zählimpuls wird je nach Fahrtrichtung entweder von dem Kontrollbaustein 10 oder dem weiteren Kontrollbaustein 16 übermittelt. Der die Zähleinrichtung 12 runtersetzende Zählimpuls wird getrennt für jede Richtung von jeweils einem UND-Gatter 13 gegeben, sobald, wie bei dem in FIG 1 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel, auch das UND-Gatter 13 sowohl einen Ausschaltimpuls als auch ein der betreffenden Richtung entsprechendes Signal erhalten hat. Bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Zugangsregelungseinrichtung 18 mit dem Auswertebaustein 6 verbunden.3 shows the basic circuit diagram of another exemplary embodiment of the securing device. In this exemplary embodiment, the counting devices 12 each associated with a direction of travel and the required AND gates 13 are arranged in the evaluation module 6. Depending on the direction of travel, the counting pulse increasing the counting device 12 is transmitted either by the control module 10 or by the further control module 16. The counting pulse which replaces the counting device 12 is given separately for each direction by an AND gate 13 as soon as, as in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the AND gate 13 has also received both a switch-off pulse and a signal corresponding to the relevant direction . In this exemplary embodiment, the access control device 18 is connected to the evaluation module 6.

Für den Fall, daß anstelle der beschriebenen hoch- und runterzählenden Zähleinrichtungen 12, Zähler eingesetzt werden, die nur hoch- oder runterzählen können, bis ein Überlaufreset erreicht ist und deren Zählperiode dann erneut beginnt, wird die Sicherung des Sicherungsbereiches 3 genau dann aufgehoben, wenn das Zählergebnis für die aus einer Richtung in den Überwachungsbereich 17 eindringenden Züge genau dem Zählergebnis für die den Überwachungsbereich 17 verlassenden und sich in derselben Richtung bewegenden Züge entspricht.In the event that instead of the up-and-down counting devices 12 described, counters are used that can only count up or down until an overflow reset is reached and the counting period then begins again, the protection of the security area 3 is canceled exactly when the counting result for the trains entering the monitoring area 17 from one direction corresponds exactly to the counting result for the trains leaving the monitoring area 17 and moving in the same direction.

Das beschriebene Steuerungsverfahren kann auch im Zusammenhang mit bereits in Betrieb befindlichen Sicherungseinrichtungen eingesetzt werden. In diesem Fall muß lediglich durch eine entsprechende Auswerteschaltung sichergestellt werden, daß durch die in diesen Gleisanlagen befindlichen Sensoren, die beispielsweise mit der in der Bahntechnik üblichen Achsenzählung arbeiten, ein Signal von solcher Genauigkeit und Güte zur Verfügung steht, daß ein der Anzahl der tatsächlich in den Überwachungsbereich 17 eindringenden und/oder diesen Bereich 17 verlassenden Züge entsprechendes Zählergebnis zur Verfügung steht.The control method described can also be used in connection with safety devices that are already in operation. In this case, it is only necessary to ensure by means of an appropriate evaluation circuit that a signal of such accuracy and quality is available through the sensors located in these track systems, which operate, for example, with the axle counting customary in railway technology, that one of the number of actually in corresponding counting result is available for trains entering the monitoring area 17 and / or for leaving this area 17.

Die FIG 4 bis 8 zeigen mögliche schaltungstechnische Realisierungen der Kontrollbausteine 10 und 16 und des Auswertebausteins 6. Anstelle einer schaltungstechnischen Realisierung ist es auch möglich, die ablaufenden Algorithmen mittels einer Softwarelösung zu erzeugen. In besonders vorteilhafter Weise gelingt dies mittels frei programmierbarer Steuerbausteine, insbesondere durch Verwendung der unter dem Namen SIMATIC S5 bekannten Steuergeräte der Anmelderin.FIGS. 4 to 8 show possible circuitry implementations of the control modules 10 and 16 and the evaluation module 6. Instead of a circuit implementation, it is also possible to generate the running algorithms by means of a software solution. This is achieved in a particularly advantageous manner by means of freely programmable control modules, in particular by using the applicant's control devices known under the name SIMATIC S5.

Das Steuerungsverfahren in Verbindung mit der beanspruchten Sicherungseinrichtung bietet einen Sicherheitsstandard, der höchsten Ansprüchen genügt. Insbesondere werden den, in der Verkehrstechnik durch die Zunahme des Verkehrs hinsichtlich der zur Verfügung stehenden Reaktionszeiten und der Komplexität, zu erfüllenden Sicherheitsstandard gestiegenen Anforderungen Rechnung getragen. So kann beispielsweise in der Bahntechnik ein Bahnübergang in der beschriebenen Weise derart ausgestaltet werden, daß er anstelle des in der Zugleittechnik früher üblichen Blockbetriebes den heute vermehrt üblichen Zugfolgebetrieb beherrscht.The control method in connection with the claimed safety device offers a safety standard that meets the highest demands. In particular, in terms of traffic engineering due to the increase in traffic the available response times and the complexity of the increased security requirements to be met. For example, in railroad engineering, a level crossing can be designed in such a way that, instead of the block operation that used to be common in train control technology, it now masters the increasingly common train following operation.

Claims (13)

  1. Control method for a safety device for a level crossing having a safety zone (3) in which a highway (2) crosses a track body (1),
    in which method the access to the highway (2) in the safety zone (3) is regulated in that an access-regulating device (18), which is associated with this safety zone (3), frees or blocks the access,
    in which method a delimited monitoring zone (17) of the track body (1), which zone (17) surrounds the safety zone (3), is established, and
    in which method a recording device (19) detects each entry of trains or rail vehicles applicable to the safety zone (3) into the monitoring zone (17) and each departure of said trains or rail vehicles from the monitoring zone (17), characterised in that the number of occurrences of entry into the monitoring zone (17) and departure from the monitoring zone (17) is detected, and in that the access-regulating device (18) is triggered by the recording device (19) as a function of this number in order to meet preselectable safety criteria.
  2. Control method according to claim 2, wherein the recording device (19) activates the access-regulating device (18) as long as the detected number of trains or rail vehicles, which have entered the monitoring zone (17), differs from the number of trains or rail vehicles leaving the monitoring zone (17).
  3. Safety device for a level crossing having a safety zone (3) in which a highway (2) crosses a track body (1), having an access-regulating device (18) which regulates the access to the highway (2) in the safety zone (3), having a recording device (19) which controls the access-regulating device (18) and has detectors (4, 5, 8, 9, 14, 15) which detect each entry of trains or rail vehicles applicable to the safety zone (3) into a delimited monitoring zone (17) of the track body (1), which zone (17) surrounds the safety zone (3), and detect each departure of said trains or rail vehicles from this monitoring zone (17), with the detectors (8, 14) communicating in terms of signals with a detecting device (12) of the recording device (19), characterised in that the detecting device (12) records the detected occurrences of entry into the monitoring zone (17) and departure from the monitoring zone (17) with regard to the number thereof, and in that the recording device (19) triggers the access-regulating device (18) as a function of this number, which has been detected, in order to meet preselectable safety criteria.
  4. Safety device according to claim 3, wherein the detecting device (12) has at least one counter counting up and down, the count result of which is incremented as soon as a train or rail vehicle enters the monitoring zone (17) and the count result of which is decremented as soon as a train or rail vehicle leaves the monitoring zone (17).
  5. Safety device according to claim 3, wherein the detecting device (12) has at least two counting devices, with the count result of the one counting device being changed as soon as a train or rail vehicle enters the monitoring zone (17) and the count result of the other counting device being changed as soon as a train or rail vehicle leaves the monitoring zone (17).
  6. Safety device according to claim 3, wherein the detecting device (12) has a storage device, in particular a shift register, in which an entry is made as soon as a train or rail vehicle enters the monitoring zone (17) and from which a deletion is made as soon as a train or rail vehicle leaves the monitoring zone (17).
  7. Safety device according to one of the claims 3 to 6, wherein contact sensors, preferably induction loops, which operate in a contactless manner, are provided as detectors (4, 5, 8, 9, 14, 15).
  8. Safety device according to one of the claims 3 to 7, wherein two detectors (8, 9 or 14, 15) are arranged one after the other in a line which runs up to the safety zone (3) in such a way that as a function of the sequence in which these detectors (8, 9 or 14, 15) are passed by a train or rail vehicle a signal is generated that corresponds to the direction of movement of this train or rail vehicle.
  9. Safety device according to one of the claims 3 to 8, wherein the safety zone (3) is delimited by further detectors (4, 5) which are connected to an evaluating component (6), available at the output of which there are a directional signal corresponding to the direction of movement of the train or rail vehicle and a status signal representing the departure of the train or the rail vehicle from the safety zone (3).
  10. Safety device according to claim 3 in conjunction with claims 4 and 9, wherein the monitoring zone (17) is delimited in each possible direction of approach by at least two detectors (8, 9 or 14, 15), and wherein arranged between the detectors (8, 9 or 14, 15) and the counting device (12) there is a safety logic circuit (11) which only generates a counting pulse precisely when as a function of the signals transmitted by the detectors (8, 9 or 14, 15) a train or rail vehicle moving towards the safety zone (3) is identified, and wherein an input, which counts downwards, of the counting device (12) is connected to the output of an AND-gate (13), applied to the one input of which there is the directional signal and applied to the other input of which there is the status signal from the evaluating component (6).
  11. Safety device according to one of the claims 3 to 10, wherein the recording device (19) is built up out of individual components which are formed by modules.
  12. Safety device according to claim 11, wherein the recording device (19) has at least one control component (10), which comprises a safety logic circuit (11), a detecting device (12) and also an AND-gate (13), and one evaluating component (6).
  13. Safety device according to claim 11, wherein the recording device (19) has an evaluating component (6) with at least one detecting device (12) and an AND-gate (13) and also at least one control component (10).
EP94921579A 1993-08-23 1994-07-08 Method of controlling a safety device, and a safety device for carrying out this method Expired - Lifetime EP0715581B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4328224A DE4328224A1 (en) 1993-08-23 1993-08-23 Control method for a security device and security device for performing the method
DE4328224 1993-08-23
PCT/DE1994/000840 WO1995005961A1 (en) 1993-08-23 1994-07-08 Method of controlling a safety device, and a safety device for carrying out this method

Publications (2)

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EP0715581A1 EP0715581A1 (en) 1996-06-12
EP0715581B1 true EP0715581B1 (en) 1997-10-08

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EP94921579A Expired - Lifetime EP0715581B1 (en) 1993-08-23 1994-07-08 Method of controlling a safety device, and a safety device for carrying out this method

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EP (1) EP0715581B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE158993T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4328224A1 (en)
DK (1) DK0715581T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2110250T3 (en)
FI (1) FI960802A (en)
WO (1) WO1995005961A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019213205A1 (en) * 2019-09-02 2021-03-04 Siemens Mobility GmbH Counting system for a rail vehicle, use and procedure

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1918911B2 (en) * 1969-04-14 1978-12-14 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Level crossing protection device - has inductive pick=up loop adjacent railway tracks and uses inductive damping and de-tuning techniques to change coding
FR2327902A1 (en) * 1975-10-17 1977-05-13 Jeumont Schneider POSITIVE PASSAGE DETECTOR FOR A GIVEN PASSAGE ZONE
DE2652233C3 (en) * 1976-11-16 1979-04-26 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Device for the automatic correction of counting errors in axle counting devices
DE3238329C2 (en) * 1982-10-15 1986-06-12 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Circuit for switching a level crossing safety system on and off
DE3404178A1 (en) * 1984-02-07 1985-08-08 Scheidt & Bachmann GmbH, 4050 Mönchengladbach DEVICE FOR MONITORING THE PRESENCE OF RAIL VEHICLES WITHIN SPECIFIC TRAFFIC AREAS
DE3837873A1 (en) * 1988-11-08 1990-05-10 Siemens Ag Circuit arrangement for producing axle counting pulses for axle counting systems for railway safety systems
US5092544A (en) * 1989-12-22 1992-03-03 General Railway Signal Corp. Highway crossing control system for railroads utilizing a communications link between the train locomotive and the crossing protection equipment

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019213205A1 (en) * 2019-09-02 2021-03-04 Siemens Mobility GmbH Counting system for a rail vehicle, use and procedure
DE102019213205B4 (en) * 2019-09-02 2021-03-25 Siemens Mobility GmbH Counting system for a rail vehicle, use and procedure

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EP0715581A1 (en) 1996-06-12
DE59404287D1 (en) 1997-11-13
ATE158993T1 (en) 1997-10-15
FI960802A0 (en) 1996-02-22
FI960802A (en) 1996-02-22
WO1995005961A1 (en) 1995-03-02
DE4328224A1 (en) 1995-03-02
ES2110250T3 (en) 1998-02-01
DK0715581T3 (en) 1998-05-25

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