Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
  • A01N25/30—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N33/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds
  • A01N33/02—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
  • A01N33/08—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds containing oxygen or sulfur

Definitions

• This invention relates to a herbicide composition
• a herbicide composition comprising at least one or more active ingredients, known per se, such as bipyridine, hydroxybenzonitrile, carbamoyl phenyl carbamate, pyridazine, quinoline, sulphonyl urea, or triazine herbicides, and one or more activity-promoting agents for improving the efficacy of the active ingredient/ingredients.
• the invention further relates to a method for treating plantations such as sugar beet plantations and the like, using a herbicide, and to an activity-promoting agent for increasing the efficacy of the active ingredient of the herbicide, such ' as benzofuran, bipyridine, hydroxybenzonitrile, carbamoyl phenyl carbamate, pyridazine, quinoline, sulphonyl urea, or triazine active ingredients.
• an activity-promoting agent for increasing the efficacy of the active ingredient of the herbicide such ' as benzofuran, bipyridine, hydroxybenzonitrile, carbamoyl phenyl carbamate, pyridazine, quinoline, sulphonyl urea, or triazine active ingredients.
• foliage-applied herbicides can be improved by surface-active additives which decrease the surface tension of the herbicides, affording more even spreading of sprayed drops on the surfaces of the leaves thus increasing the area of contact between the herbicide and the leaf surface.
• surface-active additives which decrease the surface tension of the herbicides, affording more even spreading of sprayed drops on the surfaces of the leaves thus increasing the area of contact between the herbicide and the leaf surface.
• lipophilic surface-active additives can also be used to provide more effective penetration of herbicides.
• Hydrophilic surface-active agents can be used to improve the translocation inside plants.
• the insoluble active ingredient particles have to be ground into powder of maximum fineness and their penetration and translocation properties improved by activity- promoting agents such as oils, organic solvent additives and/or surface-active agents.
• activity- promoting agents such as oils, organic solvent additives and/or surface-active agents.
• herbicides containing carbamoyl phenyl carbamate it is necessary to add exceptionally large amounts of these additives in order to achieve sufficient biological efficacy.
• Fineness is also required to provide permanent suspensions, improved storage stability of suspension concentrates and improved suspension properties for suspended granules.
• English patent publication GB 998264 shows that ethoxylated fatty amines improve the absorption of certain herbicides, such as paraquat and glyphosate, to the leaves.
• ethoxylated fatty amines carry the significant disadvantage of gelling in water, whereby their capability of dissolving the surface waxes of leaves is reduced and the penetration of herbicides is not optimal.
• increase of the amount of surface-active agents may promote phytotoxic characteristics which damage the host plant.
• these ethoxylated fatty amines are extremely hydrophilic, whereby the property brought along by lipophilicity, i.e. enhanced penetration of the herbicide through the wax layer of the leaf, is lacking.
• Hydrophilic surface-active agents such as fatty amines are thus mainly suitable only as additives to hydrophilic active ingredients such as paraquat and glyphosate. It is further known from European patent publication EP 0 257 686 that ethoxy propoxy monoa ines c * * * n improve the biological efficacy of herbicides.
• the fatty amines or fatty amido amines/imidazoline ⁇ formed by this activity-promoting agent contain at least one higher 8-22 C radical connected to one or more nitrogen atoms.
• the molecular weight of the activity- promoting agent should be less than 2500.
• EP application publication 417 896 discloses a pesticide composition comprising of a water-insoluble pesticide and a surface-active agent.
• the surface-active agent consists of polyethoxylated poly(ethylene amine) and the ester of polyol and C 16 -C 22 -unsaturated aliphatic acid.
• the purpose of the present invention is to provide an improved herbicide composition.
• the purpose of the present invention is especially to provide an improved activity-promoting agent for enhancing the efficacy of the active ingredient of a herbicide.
• the herbicide composition according to the invention is characterized in that the herbicide comprises at least one activity-promoting agent which is tetraalkoxylated alkyl diamine.
• the efficacy of the activity-promoting agent can be advantageously improved in a synergetic way by means of ethoxy propoxy block copolymer.
• compositions A or B in which one of the compositions A or B is a hydrogen and the other a methyl or an ethyl group, and the molecular weight of which is about 1 000 - 40 000, considerably increase the biological efficacy of the previously mentioned benzofuran, bipyridine, hydroxybenzonitrile, carbamoyl phenyl carbamate, pyridazine, quinoline, sulphonyl urea, and triazine herbicides on weeds.
• the above-mentioned activity-promoting agents are surface-active agents which have been found to have an exceptional property of increasing the biological efficacy of benzofuran, bipyridine, hydroxybenzonitrile, carbamoyl phenyl carbamate, pyridazine, quinoline, sulphonyl urea, and triazine herbicides generally clearly more so than other surface-active agents used in connection with herbicides usually do. It has been further found that these and some other surface-active agents act synergetically, increasing the biological efficacy of the herbicides in question more than expected of these surface- active agents additively.
• the alkoxylated diamines according to the invention have proven to be especially effective in improving the efficacy of herbi ⁇ cides on harmful weeds such as lamb's quarters or fathen (Cheno- podium album), bistort (Polygonum spp.), mayweed (Matricaria inodorum) , bedstraw (Galium spurium) and rape (Brassica napus) .
• the molecular weight of the activity-promoting agent according to the invention is preferably 4 000 - 25 000, whereby the size of the molecule does not limit its efficacy, especially on lamb's -quarters or fathen.
• ethoxylated propoxy- lated block copolymers the molecular weights of which are about 2 000 - 20 000, preferably 10 000 - 18 000, act synergetically with tetraalkoxylated alkyl diamines on rape (Brassica napus), which represents weeds having a considerable layer of wax on the surfaces of their leaves.
• rape Brain napus
• the hydrophilicity and biological effect of these block copolymers on rape increases with the weight of the molecule.
• the lipophilicity of the tetraalkoxylated alkyl diamines according to the invention dissolves the surface wax of leaves and increases penetration and, on the other hand, that the hydrophilicity of the ethoxy propoxy block copolymers further increases penetration/translocation.
• the activity-promoting agents according to the invention i.e., tetraalkoxylated diamines and ethoxy propoxylated block copolymers, which both increase the biological efficacy of said active ingredients, can be added into a spray tank as separate activity-promoting tank-mixtures or preferably included in the formulation itself. If the herbicide used is in liquid form, the promoting agents can be mixed with the liquid phase. When using solid herbicides, liquid promoting agents can be absorbed into carriers and those in solid form can be introduced directly into the herbicide mass.
• the activity-promoting agents can be in the form of separate granules in solid herbicides or they can be incorporated in the same granules with the active ingredients of the herbicides.
• the herbicides according to the invention are otherwise formulated in a conventional way.
• the active ingredients are dissolved in water or organic solvents, suspended in a carrier liquid, or formulated into a solid form. They generally contain about 5-80% of active ingredients.
• Water, oil, or mixtures of water and oil are generally used as carrier liquids in suspension concentrates.
• Surface-active agents anionic, cationic, non-ionic or ampholytic are used to provide and improve emulsifiability, dispersibility, suspension stability, wettability, penetration and translocation, and to emulsify the oil in the actual concentrate, and to provide miscibility and suspension/emulsion stability in the final dilution.
• the preparations can include other additives such as water-miscible and/or water-soluble carriers and/or deflocculation agents such as kaolin or lignin compounds, anti-foam agents (for instance, silicone-based agents) , thickening agents such as cellulose derivatives, anti-freeze agents in water suspension such as propylene glycol, organic solvents such as kerosine, and colouring agents.
• deflocculation agents such as kaolin or lignin compounds
• anti-foam agents for instance, silicone-based agents
• thickening agents such as cellulose derivatives
• anti-freeze agents in water suspension such as propylene glycol
• organic solvents such as kerosine
• colouring agents such as formalin can be used, especially if the preparation contains organic suspending or thickening agents.
• inert inorganic (for instance, silicic acid, salts) or organic (for instance, cellulose, polyacrylates, urea) compounds can be used as carriers to dilute the active ingredients or to adsorb liquid agents.
• the active ingredients of herbicide formulations in solid form are advantageously very fine ground, less than lO ⁇ m, preferably l-3 ⁇ m. Grinding of dry matter is carried out using an air jet mill, for instance, and that of suspensions using a bead mill.
• the formulation of suspension concentrates is carried out in a reactor using effective agitation, and the granules or pellets are manufactured by known techniques, for instance, by utilizing disc granulation, spray drying, fluidized bed granulation, mixing granulation using a vertical mixer or a blade mixer, and extrusion, compacting, centrifugal, spraying-bed or spraying/cooling granulations.
• the weight ratio of the amounts of activity-promoting agents to the amounts of active ingredients in the formulations is, for instance, from 15:1 to 1:2, preferably from 5:1 to 1:1.
• An optimal weight ratio of alkoxylated diamine to ethoxy propoxy block copolymer in a rape-spray is from 1:2 to 1:4.
• the weight ratio can range in lamb's -quarters or fathen-sprays preferably from 10:1 to 1:10.
• biocides as well as fertilizers can be mixed with the suspension concentrate, granule/pellet, or final dilution.
• the other biocides include, for instance, other herbicides such as acetamide, diphenyl ether, organophosphorus, pyridine, thiocarbamate, triazine, and uracil herbicides, plant disease control agents, insecticides, and growth regulators.
• sugar beet and the like in particular, substances such as lenacil, metolachlor, trichlor acetic acid, EPTC, cycloate, clopyralide, fluroxypyr, benzthiazuron, chlorpropham, fenuron, isocarbimide, propham, trifluralin, alloxydimsodium, sethoxydim, cycloxydim, diallate, fluazifob-butyl, triallate, dalapon, propaquizafop, diclofop-methyl, fenoxaprop-ethyl, quizalofop- ethyl, haloxyfopethoxy ethyl, and proximpham in addition to the above-mentioned agents.
• substances such as lenacil, metolachlor, trichlor acetic acid, EPTC, cycloate, clopyralide, fluroxypyr, benzthiazuron, chlorpropham, f
• the im ition is described in more detail in the following with t _ aid of examples.
• inodorum which is sensitive to triazines and pyridazines
• the susceptibility of cultivated plants to herbicidal injury was determined using seedlings of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) .
• the tests generally employed 5-8 seedlings per plant-pot and 3-5 pots in parallel.
• the amount of water was 200 1/ha, and applicat- ion was carried out with an automatic dosing sprayer when the weeds were at about the 2-leaf stage.
• the final estimate on the efficacy of the herbicide was made 13-15 days after the spraying.
• the efficacy is expressed as the dry or fresh weight of the above-ground parts of the weeds or cultivated plants per pot or per seedling.
• the suspension of active ingredient was prepared from 80% phenmedipham granules suspended in water.
• the diamine according to the invention as well as the tallow fatty acid amines were mixed as tank mixture additives to the suspension of active ingredient.
• Activity-promoting agent Amount used Dry matter g/pot kg/ha C. .album B. .napus
• the mixture of alkoxylated diamine and ethoxy propoxy block copolymer was more effective than a corresponding mixture of ethoxylated tallow fatty acid amine and ethoxy propoxy block copolymer.
• Amount of phenmedipham 720 g/ha.
• the test also indicated that the activity- promoting granule has a clearly better effect than a conventional oil emulsifier activity-promoting tank-additive, named Actipron (RP) as a commercial preparation, on the weeds studied (Chenopodium album, Matricaria inodorum, Mercurialis annua) .
• the active ingredient metamitron has no effect on Mercurialis annua.
• the emulsifying oil incorporated in the activity-promoting granule improves the efficacy further, especially against Chenopodium album
• Chenopodium album and that it has an antagonistic, efficacy- reducing effect on Brassica napus.
• Activity-promoting agent Used amount Dry matter g/pot kg/ha C.album B.napus 1. Untreated - 1.9 2.4
• the test investigated the behaviour of a three-part mixture, consisting of phenmedipham (8%) + ethofumesate (10%) + metamitron (20%), in combination with an activity-promoting agent according to the invention.
• the results indicate that the mixture of alkoxylated diamine and ethoxy propoxy block copolymer is synergetic.
• the optimal weight ratio of the mixture considering both weeds (C. album and B. napus), is about 2:7.
• the ethoxy propoxy monoamine tested was clearly less effective than the mixture of diamine and ethoxy propoxy block copolymer on both weeds.
• the amounts of active ingredients were: phenmedipham 150 g/ha, ethofumesate 190 g/ha and metamitron 180 g/ha.
• the active ingredient granules were suspended in water 200 1/ha and the activity-promoting agents were added in the form of either granules or liquid.
• Activity-promoting agent Amount used Dry matter (mg/ kg/ha seedling) C.album B.napus
• a separate ethoxy propoxy monoamine tank mixture additive does not further enhance the action of the granules of a three-part mixture consisting of phenmedipham (8%) + ethofumesate (10%) + metamitron (20%) and complemented with activity-promoting granules of the optimal mixture of alkoxylated diamine and ethoxy propoxy block copolymer (2:7). In fact, a clearly antagonistic effect is obtained on Brassica napus.
• Amounts of active ingredients phenmedipham 150 g/ha ethofumesate 190 g/ha metamitron 380 g/ha
• the granules of the active ingredients were suspended in water, 200 1/ha, and the ethoxy propoxy monoamine was added in liquid form separately to the spraying dilution at 1 kg/ha.
• the test compared a product according to the invention and three products already on the market for efficacy on weeds. At the same time, their effects on host plants were compared.
• the active ingredients in the final dilutions were in the form of solid particles of a few microns in size, and the end product was either in solid form granule WG suspendable in water, or as suspension concentrate SC.
• the preparation according to the invention contained as activity-promoting agents 10% alkoxylated diamine + 35% ethoxy propoxy block copolymer, corresponding to 0.1 kg diamine and 0.35 kg block copolymer per hectare.
• the total amount of active ingredients in all the cases was 360 g/ha and the amount of water 200 1/ha.
• the test compared the efficacy of an activity-promoting granule according to the invention with that of a commercial tallow fatty acid amine activity-promoting agent (Armoblen T/25) and a commercial oil-emulsifying activity-promoting agent (Actipron) in different herbicides. Suitable weeds were selected for the herbicides in question.
• the activity-promoting granule according to the invention consisted of 70% EO-PO block copolymer, 20% alkoxylated diamine and 10% dispersing agent.
• the test may be used to show that the solid activity-promoting granule according to the invention improves the biological efficacy of the preparations mentioned in the example at least as well as the control liquid activity-promoting agents Armoblen T/25 and Actipron do when the active ingredient is bromoxynil, chloridazone or triasulphuron.
• the actions of the other active ingredients are markedly enhanced by the solid activity- improving granule according to the invention as compared with mixtures without activity-promoting agent, and almost as well as by liquid activity-promoting agents.
• the spraying mixtures were prepared by mixing the preparations in the above-mentioned amounts with an amount of water corresponding to 200 1/ha, and 1 kg of activity-promoting granule, 1 1 of Armoblen T/25 or 1 1 of Actipron per hectare was added as the activity-promoting agent.
• agent 50 94 142 145

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• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Dentistry (AREA)
• Plant Pathology (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
• Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Zoology (AREA)
• Environmental Sciences (AREA)
• Toxicology (AREA)
• Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

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• 1993
  • 1993-07-28 FI FI933374A patent/FI933374A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
• 1994
  • 1994-07-27 EP EP94921670A patent/EP0711112A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 1994-07-27 YU YU48094A patent/YU48094A/sh unknown
  • 1994-07-27 CA CA002168251A patent/CA2168251A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1994-07-27 WO PCT/FI1994/000331 patent/WO1995003697A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1994-07-27 CZ CZ96256A patent/CZ25696A3/cs unknown
  • 1994-07-27 SK SK125-96A patent/SK12596A3/sk unknown
  • 1994-07-27 PL PL94312780A patent/PL312780A1/xx unknown
  • 1994-07-27 JP JP7505601A patent/JPH09500892A/ja active Pending
  • 1994-07-28 SI SI9400304A patent/SI9400304A/sl unknown
  • 1994-09-16 EE EE9400099A patent/EE9400099A/et unknown
• 1996
  • 1996-01-26 LT LT96-006A patent/LT96006A/lt unknown
  • 1996-01-26 NO NO960346A patent/NO960346L/no unknown
  • 1996-01-29 BG BG100317A patent/BG100317A/xx unknown

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