EP0710052A1 - Elektronische Startschaltung für eine Leuchtstofflampe - Google Patents

Elektronische Startschaltung für eine Leuchtstofflampe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0710052A1
EP0710052A1 EP95402406A EP95402406A EP0710052A1 EP 0710052 A1 EP0710052 A1 EP 0710052A1 EP 95402406 A EP95402406 A EP 95402406A EP 95402406 A EP95402406 A EP 95402406A EP 0710052 A1 EP0710052 A1 EP 0710052A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit
voltage
preheating
current
switch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95402406A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0710052B1 (de
Inventor
Marco Cabinet Ballot-Schmitt Bildgen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
STMicroelectronics SA
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SGS Thomson Microelectronics SA
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Publication date
Application filed by SGS Thomson Microelectronics SA filed Critical SGS Thomson Microelectronics SA
Publication of EP0710052A1 publication Critical patent/EP0710052A1/de
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/02—Details
    • H05B41/04—Starting switches
    • H05B41/042—Starting switches using semiconductor devices
    • H05B41/044—Starting switches using semiconductor devices for lamp provided with pre-heating electrodes
    • H05B41/046—Starting switches using semiconductor devices for lamp provided with pre-heating electrodes using controlled semiconductor devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electronic starter for a fluorescent lamp.
  • a choke is necessary to obtain the breakdown of the gas in the lamp: it is a question of causing an overvoltage at the terminals of the lamp to ionize the gas.
  • We are thus used to using an inductor and a device for short-circuiting the lamp and passing current. When the device is opened, the energy stored in the inductor turns into an overvoltage which causes the gas to snap.
  • the duration of the short circuit is normalized according to the category of lamp considered. For example, it is around 1.5 seconds for low-pressure fluorescent lamps. This standardization makes it possible to use a lamp from a given manufacturer with a choke from another manufacturer.
  • a commonly used type of choke is a bimetallic strip (with a suppressor capacitor in parallel). This inexpensive electromechanical device makes it possible to maintain a short circuit for the necessary time long enough to warm up (1.5 seconds), then open the short circuit to snap the gas.
  • the lamp does not always light up. As long as it is not lit (that is to say that the breakdown did not take place), the bimetallic strip will work: there is then a permanent flashing of the particularly troublesome lamp. In addition, the bimetallic strip may be damaged. Finally, the bimetallic strip opens for any current. It can therefore open at a time when the current is almost zero: the energy is then too small to be effective, or at a time when the current is very strong: the lamp itself can be damaged.
  • these circuits must measure the duration of the short circuit, to then control the opening of the electronic power device.
  • this preheating time is relatively long. We saw in an example, that it had a normalized value of 1.5 seconds (low pressure fluorescent lamp). It is not desirable to use a slow RC circuit to measure such a long duration, in particular by the need in this case to use a high resistance (1 Megaohm for example), which reduces noise immunity (high input impedance).
  • An object of the invention is to overcome these various drawbacks.
  • the gate control circuit further comprises a preheating current measurement circuit, for delivering a command to open the switch after reception of the end of preheating detection signal, upon detection of an optimal current of preheating in the lamp.
  • the gate control circuit comprises a gate circuit placed between the logic supply voltage and the current measurement circuit and controlled by the logic circuit to de-energize the current measurement circuit upon detection of the first voltage reference and energize it upon detection of the second voltage reference.
  • FIG. 1 represents a first variant of an electronic starter for a fluorescent lamp 1 according to the invention.
  • the choke is connected between a terminal e1 of a first filament f1 of the lamp and a terminal e2 of a second filament f2 of the lamp.
  • An inductor 2 has a first end 11 connected to the other terminal el 'of the first filament f1.
  • the lamp and inductance assembly is supplied at high alternating voltage, in the example 220 volts - 50 hertz, applied between the other end l2 of the inductor and the other terminal e2 'of the second filament f2 of the lamp.
  • the electronic choke comprises a power device 3 with gate control G, a gate control circuit 5 and an auxiliary power supply circuit AUX.
  • the gate control power device is connected between the terminals e1, e2 of the lamp, through a rectifier stage 4 with diodes.
  • the gate control power device may for example be a MOS transistor with field as shown in FIG. 1 (N-type MOSFET), or an insulated gate bipolar transistor, or a controlled gate thyristor, etc. In the following, it is designated by the general term of power switch. It is closed, similar to a short circuit if it passes current, or open, to allow the breakdown of gas in the lamp.
  • the gate G of the power switch is voltage-controlled by the gate control circuit 5, to make it conducting, equivalent to a short circuit for a determined period of preheating of the lamp, then open, to allow ignition.
  • An auxiliary power supply circuit AUX is connected in parallel on the power switch, to supply the logic voltage Vdd necessary for the gate control circuit 5 and maintain this voltage while the power switch is closed, equivalent to a short circuit . It comprises a capacitor C on a terminal from which it supplies the logic supply voltage Vdd necessary for the control circuit. More specifically, the auxiliary supply circuit comprises a resistor R connected between the high voltage and the terminal c1 of the capacitor which supplies the voltage Vdd, the other terminal c2 of the capacitor being connected to ground. A diode D1, having the anode connected to the high voltage and the cathode connected to the resistor, makes it possible to prevent the discharge of the capacitor C by the power switch, when the latter is closed (on).
  • the gate control circuit 5 comprises a circuit for measuring a time of determined preheating, during which the power switch 3 must be closed (on), equivalent to a short circuit.
  • the preheating time measurement circuit comprises a comparator 8 with two voltage references V1, V2 and a logic circuit 9.
  • This comparator receives as input the logic supply voltage Vdd, supplied by the auxiliary supply circuit, on the terminal c1 of the capacitor.
  • the comparator compares this input voltage Vdd with the voltage reference V1 or V2 applied by a switch 10 controlled by the logic circuit 9.
  • the voltage V2 is lower than the voltage V1. They both take their value between the maximum logic voltage supplied by the auxiliary supply circuit and a minimum voltage for which the electronics of the control circuit can still operate, for example between 15 and 3.5 volts.
  • the logic circuit 9 delivers a signal sl for detecting the start of preheating, upon detection by the comparator of an input voltage Vdd greater than or equal to the first voltage reference V1. It delivers a signal s2 for detecting the end of preheating, upon detection by the comparator of a logic voltage Vdd which has become less than or equal to the second voltage reference V2. Finally, it commands (s3) the switching of the voltage reference V1 or V2 to a voltage reference node v of the comparator 8.
  • the signals s1 and s2 are applied to a voltage control circuit (COM) of the gate G of the power switch. Depending on the signals s1 and s2, it applies an appropriate voltage VG to the gate G, to close the switch on the detection of the start of preheating (s1) or open it at the end of preheating detection (s2).
  • the signal s3 is applied to a switch 10 to switch the voltage V1 or the voltage V2 on a reference node of the comparator 8.
  • the voltage control circuit then advantageously comprises a diode 6 for switching the positive logic voltage on the gate G.
  • the signal s1 for detecting the start of preheating is then applied to the anode of diode 6, the cathode of the diode being connected to the grid G of the power switch.
  • the control circuit also includes a transistor 7 to force the gate to ground.
  • the end of preheating detection signal s2 is applied to the gate of transistor 7, one electrode of which is connected to gate G of the power switch, the other being connected to ground.
  • transistor 7 is a bipolar NPN transistor, passing for a positive gate voltage and off for a zero gate voltage.
  • a circuit 11 for measuring the lamp preheating current is advantageously provided for controlling (s2 ') the opening of the power switch, for an optimal value of current, after the detection of the end of preheating.
  • Measuring the current determines the appropriate time to open the short circuit after the necessary preheating time has elapsed. It is a question of having an optimum current to light the lamp: neither too small, to have a sufficient overvoltage, nor too large, not to damage the lamp.
  • a gate circuit 12 is placed between the logic supply voltage Vdd and the current measurement circuit 11. It is controlled by the end of preheating detection signal s2 to de-energize the current measurement circuit 11, during the preheating period, and to energize it, at the end of the preheating time, to control the opening of the switch for an optimal value of the preheating current flowing in the power switch (signal s2 ').
  • a current bypass circuit 13 is then provided between the power switch 3 and ground to derive a small current Ip to the current measurement circuit 11.
  • the current measurement circuit 11 comprises, as shown in FIG. 4, a current amplifier 14 followed by a comparator 15 to a current or power reference (ref) corresponding to an optimal preheating current Ip for lighting the lamp .
  • a current or power reference corresponding to an optimal preheating current Ip for lighting the lamp .
  • the comparator 15 will switch for a too high preheating current.
  • the comparator 15 is of the window type, such that it does not switches only for passing through the reference value ref with a negative slope. It could also be a comparator with a first comparison to zero: thus, we are sure not to switch for a too high current value.
  • the gate control circuit 5 preferably comprises a counter 16 of the number of lamp ignition tests ( Figures 1 and 2).
  • An incrementation (or decrementation) command is provided by the logic circuit 9. In the example, it is the detection signal for the start of preheating sl which is used, but one could as well use the detection signal end of preheating s2.
  • This counter delivers an inhibition signal inh to stop the choke, if the lamp is still not lit after a number n of authorized tests.
  • This signal inh is applied in the example to logic circuit 9.
  • the logic circuit 9 controls the switch 10 to apply the first voltage reference V1 to the comparator, for example equal to 15 volts.
  • the comparator sv output is at zero.
  • the logic circuit 9 then generates the preheating start detection signal s1 to control the closing of the power switch and switches the second voltage reference V2 to the comparator.
  • the counter 16 is incremented (or decremented by one).
  • the logic voltage Vdd is maintained by the auxiliary supply circuit, but the capacitance C is gradually discharged through the consumption current of the gate control circuit 5.
  • the comparator 8 will then detect the transition to the lower voltage V2.
  • the time after which the voltage Vdd will drop from the voltage V1 to the voltage V2 is perfectly known: it depends on the capacitance of the capacitor, the consumption current and of the voltage excursion (V2-V1).
  • the gate control circuit 5 uses its own consumption to precisely measure the duration of preheating.
  • the capacitor C of the auxiliary supply circuit is used both to maintain the logic voltage and to measure the necessary duration of preheating.
  • the logic circuit 9 activates the end of preheating detection signal s2, to re-energize the circuit 11 for measuring the preheating current. The latter can then command (s2 ') the blocking of the power switch for an optimum value of the lamp preheating current IP.
  • the logic circuit can then switch the first reference voltage V1 again, for a new preheating phase.
  • one seeks to have a small capacitor, one seeks to have the lowest possible current consumption.
  • provision is made to cut the logic supply to the circuits which are not useful during the measurement of the preheating time.
  • the supply of the current measurement circuit 11, which consumes a lot of current (amplifier), is thus cut off and which is only useful after the preheating time has elapsed.
  • the power supply is cut by the door circuit 12 controlled by the end of preheating detection signal s2, delivered by the logic circuit 9.
  • the counter 16 remains supplied, so as not to lose its information.
  • diode 6 to switch the positive voltage on the grid of the power switch, to turn it on is particularly advantageous, because this grid voltage is then maintained, regardless of the level of the logic supply voltage then Vdd. It is thus possible to use a large voltage excursion of the logic supply voltage. We are only limited by the classical logic of the control circuit (and not by the minimum gate voltage necessary to keep the switch closed).
  • the choke according to the invention thus makes it possible to obtain a small consumption current, of the order of a micro-ampere, and a large voltage excursion (10 volts for example) authorizing the use of a small capacitor, with a capacity of the order of microfarad.
  • the gate control circuit 5 comprises a current generator, with current mirrors. In this way, a current is imposed in each current branch of the gate control circuit. There is no longer any need to measure the current at the end of manufacture to adjust the reference values (reference voltages, capacity). In dynamic operation, the current is imposed and the preheating time measured very reliably.
  • the current generator comprises a reference branch 17 with a reference load element 18 (resistance) and a transistor 19 mounted as a diode with its drain connected to its gate, and transistors of the same type (20 to 23), all having their gate controlled by the gate of the transistor of the reference branch: the respective current in each transistor is identical to that imposed in the reference branch, except for the geometry ratio of the transistors.
  • a reference current is imposed in this way on the circuit for measuring the preheating current, which can also be very useful for a particularly reliable measurement of the preheating current.
  • FIG. 2 To prevent the starter from continuing to operate once the lamp is on, provision is made (FIG. 2) preferably for a zener diode D2 between the high voltage and the auxiliary power supply circuit AUX, with a high zener threshold, so as to bring a zero voltage across the auxiliary power circuit when the lamp is on.
  • the switch 10 of the voltages V1, V2 on the voltage reference node v of the comparator 8 comprises in one example (FIG. 2) an N-type MOS transistor 24, connected between the voltage reference V2 and the reference node v, and controlled in the state passing on its grid by the signal s3 delivered by the logic circuit 9, upon detection by the comparator 8 of an input voltage greater than or equal to V1.
  • the voltage reference V1 is directly connected to the reference node v. Thus, when the transistor 24 is blocked, it is the voltage V1 which is applied. When the transistor 24 is on, the voltage V2 lower than V1 is imposed on the node v.
  • the logic of circuit 9 is simple, dependent on the technologies selected for the various elements that it controls.
  • the circuit 9 comprises a power switch 3, constituted by a MOSFET transistor of type N. It also includes a gate circuit 12 with MOS transistor of type P and a switch 10 of voltage type MOS transistor 24 of type N, the signals s1, s2 and s3 are a copy of the signal sv of the comparator output 8.
  • the logic circuit 9 preferably comprises an inhibition transistor 25 for transmitting the signal sv to the outputs s1, s2 and s3 of the logic circuit. This inhibition transistor is controlled on its gate by the inhibition signal inh of the counter 16 or of an ignition detection circuit not shown.
  • the comparator 8 When the comparator 8 detects an input voltage Vdd greater than or equal to V1, its output sv goes to 1. If the inhibition transistor 25 is on (ignition test authorized), the signals s1, s2 and s3 follow this transition: the corresponding logic voltage level is switched by the diode 6 on the gate G of the power switch 3; the door circuit 12 is blocked, thereby putting the current measurement circuit 11 off; the transistor 24 turns on, which imposes the reference voltage V2 on the node v of the comparator 8.
  • the entire gate control circuit 5 can be easily produced in the form of an integrated electronic circuit, which is a definite advantage.
  • control circuit comprises a generator with current mirrors as shown in FIG. 3, that the reference resistor 18 is transferred outside the integrated circuit. This optionally makes it possible to easily adjust this value, depending on the desired preheating time and above all to use high precision resistors, which the integrated technology does not allow.
  • the electronic starter according to the invention using its consumption current during the preheating period, to perform a precise time measurement based on its own consumption characteristics (in particular discharge of the capacitor), allows particularly simple and reliable control of the power switch.
  • the capacity of the holding capacitor is of the order of microfarad. We no longer have to use electrochemical capacitors, which makes it possible to extend the life of these starters.

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  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
EP95402406A 1994-10-28 1995-10-26 Elektronische Startschaltung für eine Leuchtstofflampe Expired - Lifetime EP0710052B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9413009 1994-10-28
FR9413009A FR2726426B1 (fr) 1994-10-28 1994-10-28 Starter electronique pour lampe fluorescente

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0710052A1 true EP0710052A1 (de) 1996-05-01
EP0710052B1 EP0710052B1 (de) 1997-05-28

Family

ID=9468372

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95402406A Expired - Lifetime EP0710052B1 (de) 1994-10-28 1995-10-26 Elektronische Startschaltung für eine Leuchtstofflampe

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5616992A (de)
EP (1) EP0710052B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2951578B2 (de)
DE (1) DE69500324T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2726426B1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2316245A (en) * 1996-08-08 1998-02-18 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Fluorescent lamp starter circuit
WO1998017081A2 (de) * 1996-10-17 1998-04-23 Bischl Electronic Gmbh Gleichstrom-gasentladungslampenstarter und gleichstrom-vorschaltgerät für eine gasentladungslampe
FR2771588A1 (fr) * 1997-11-21 1999-05-28 Sgs Thomson Microelectronics Circuit de commande de tube fluorescent
CN107733004A (zh) * 2017-09-26 2018-02-23 大唐终端技术有限公司 多平台硬件动态充电指示及充电闸断装置

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5936356A (en) * 1998-09-22 1999-08-10 Interballast Inc. Fluorescent lamp flashing circuit and control
US6478569B1 (en) * 1999-12-10 2002-11-12 Slipmate Company Hybrid injection molding apparatus for enhancing cosmetic appearance of molded articles
US6603275B2 (en) * 2001-06-05 2003-08-05 Chen-Kuo Ku Electronic starter for fluorescent lamps
EP1442636A1 (de) * 2001-10-25 2004-08-04 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Sicherheitszündschaltung für leuchtstofflampen
US7560867B2 (en) * 2006-10-17 2009-07-14 Access Business Group International, Llc Starter for a gas discharge light source
WO2010092525A1 (en) * 2009-02-13 2010-08-19 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Electro magnetic ballast for a gas discharge lamp
US8773037B2 (en) * 2010-02-01 2014-07-08 Empower Electronics, Inc. Ballast configured to compensate for lamp characteristic changes
CN114340074A (zh) * 2021-12-19 2022-04-12 安徽庆宇光电科技有限公司 一种用于doas技术中的氘灯电源

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0078790A2 (de) * 1981-11-02 1983-05-11 Franz Wittmann Schaltungsanordnung zur elektronischen Zündung von Gasentladungslampen
EP0520735A1 (de) * 1991-06-27 1992-12-30 Lighting Electronics Limited Elektronische Zündschaltung für Leuchtstofflampen
DE4216716C1 (de) * 1992-05-20 1993-10-14 Siemens Ag Schaltungsanordnung zum Starten einer vorheizbaren Entladungslampe

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1026817A (en) * 1972-05-09 1978-02-21 Michel Remery Electrical circuit for igniting and supplying a discharge lamp
US4673844A (en) * 1985-09-30 1987-06-16 Texas Instruments Incorporated Starter circuit for a fluorescent tube lamp
US5003230A (en) * 1989-05-26 1991-03-26 North American Philips Corporation Fluorescent lamp controllers with dimming control
FR2656965B1 (fr) * 1990-01-09 1995-01-20 Sgs Thomson Microelectronics Commande et controle d'un commutateur de puissance.
EP0594880B1 (de) * 1992-10-28 1998-01-28 Knobel Ag Lichttechnische Komponenten Verfahren und Schaltungsanordnung zum Zünden von Leuchtstofflampen bei vorbestimmter Temperatur der Lampenkathoden

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0078790A2 (de) * 1981-11-02 1983-05-11 Franz Wittmann Schaltungsanordnung zur elektronischen Zündung von Gasentladungslampen
EP0520735A1 (de) * 1991-06-27 1992-12-30 Lighting Electronics Limited Elektronische Zündschaltung für Leuchtstofflampen
DE4216716C1 (de) * 1992-05-20 1993-10-14 Siemens Ag Schaltungsanordnung zum Starten einer vorheizbaren Entladungslampe

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2316245A (en) * 1996-08-08 1998-02-18 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Fluorescent lamp starter circuit
GB2316245B (en) * 1996-08-08 2000-09-06 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Fluorescent lamp lighting device
DE19734298B4 (de) * 1996-08-08 2009-04-23 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., Kadoma-shi Zündschaltkreis zum Zünden einer Leuchtstoffröhre mit vorheizbaren Elektroden
WO1998017081A2 (de) * 1996-10-17 1998-04-23 Bischl Electronic Gmbh Gleichstrom-gasentladungslampenstarter und gleichstrom-vorschaltgerät für eine gasentladungslampe
WO1998017081A3 (de) * 1996-10-17 1998-05-22 Bischl Electronic Gmbh Gleichstrom-gasentladungslampenstarter und gleichstrom-vorschaltgerät für eine gasentladungslampe
FR2771588A1 (fr) * 1997-11-21 1999-05-28 Sgs Thomson Microelectronics Circuit de commande de tube fluorescent
CN107733004A (zh) * 2017-09-26 2018-02-23 大唐终端技术有限公司 多平台硬件动态充电指示及充电闸断装置
CN107733004B (zh) * 2017-09-26 2023-12-19 大唐终端技术有限公司 多平台硬件动态充电指示及充电闸断装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5616992A (en) 1997-04-01
EP0710052B1 (de) 1997-05-28
FR2726426A1 (fr) 1996-05-03
JP2951578B2 (ja) 1999-09-20
DE69500324T2 (de) 1997-09-18
DE69500324D1 (de) 1997-07-03
FR2726426B1 (fr) 1996-11-29
JPH08213175A (ja) 1996-08-20

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