EP0708461A1 - Hochleistungs-Selbstschalter - Google Patents

Hochleistungs-Selbstschalter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0708461A1
EP0708461A1 EP95202792A EP95202792A EP0708461A1 EP 0708461 A1 EP0708461 A1 EP 0708461A1 EP 95202792 A EP95202792 A EP 95202792A EP 95202792 A EP95202792 A EP 95202792A EP 0708461 A1 EP0708461 A1 EP 0708461A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pin
tooth
latch pawl
link
arm
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95202792A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0708461B1 (de
Inventor
Sergio Pianezzola
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BTicino SpA
Original Assignee
BTicino SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BTicino SpA filed Critical BTicino SpA
Priority to SI9530264T priority Critical patent/SI0708461T1/xx
Publication of EP0708461A1 publication Critical patent/EP0708461A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0708461B1 publication Critical patent/EP0708461B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/50—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release
    • H01H71/52—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release actuated by lever
    • H01H71/526—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release actuated by lever the lever forming a toggle linkage with a second lever, the free end of which is directly and releasably engageable with a contact structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/04—Means for indicating condition of the switching device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/1009—Interconnected mechanisms
    • H01H71/1027—Interconnected mechanisms comprising a bidirectional connecting member actuated by the opening movement of one pole to trip a neighbour pole
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/50—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release
    • H01H71/505—Latching devices between operating and release mechanism

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a high performance miniaturised magneto-thermic automatic switch (or breaker).
  • magneto-thermic switches are automatic switching devices in which two contacts are closed by a manual arming or setting device and must open in an automatic manner, by the effect of excess current which traverses the switch, in order to ensure protection of electrical systems against overloads and short circuits.
  • the bimetallic element forms a cantilever beam having a certain flexibility, the end of which acts on the release device, the deformation induced in given overload conditions depends on the resisting forces exerted by the release device, which can vary over time and as a function of the working conditions.
  • the action of the thermal overload protection does not have to be particularly rapid but must be repeatable.
  • the current flowing through the contacts can rapidly increase in the space of only a millisecond to levels of the order of thousands of amperes with catastrophic effects on the system and on the switch if allowed to continue for even only a few milliseconds.
  • a plunger type electromagnet energised by the current flowing through the switch projects a striker against the release mechanism causing release of the arming device.
  • the striker acts, in general through an intermediate element, on one of the contacts moving it away from the other.
  • the speed imparted to the striker by the magnetic field generated by the current is not infinite, and the energy transferred by the striker to the release device and the speed imparted to it depend on its inertia and on the resisting forces which oppose the release operation.
  • the devices must be constructionally simple, must allow easy operations of assembly and setting up and must be small and compact in order to be able to be housed in miniaturised containers with dimensions which are in fact standardised, in which a plurality of other components must be housed such as terminals, rapid acting electromagnets, and arc quenching chamber.
  • an arming link is pressed against an inclined plane formed in a support lever for a movable contact arm and holds the support lever and the movable contact arm in the armed position (with the contacts closed) against the action of a spring biasing the support lever and the contact arm to a rest position in which the contacts are open.
  • the thrust exerted by the arming link on the inclined plane is not perpendicular to the plane so that the link tends to slide along the plane, but is held in place by a retaining hook pawl which absorbs that component of the thrust exerted by the link tangential to the inclined plane.
  • This component which is conveniently less than the thrust of the link, is transferred to a pawl pivot pin.
  • the arming link Upon turning the retaining hook pawl about its pin the arming link, no longer restrained, can slide along the inclined plane and release the support lever from the previously-imposed constraint, thus allowing it to assume the rest position urged by the spring.
  • the inclined plane formed by the support lever and the tooth of the retaining hook pawl form an articulation capable of opening, then breaking, the toggle constituted by the support lever and the arming link.
  • release devices of this type are effective there remains the requirement of even better performance and of providing miniaturized automatic switches with even higher switching power and even shorter response times.
  • the miniaturised automatic switch which forms the subject of the present invention satisfies this requirement in that an arming device of conventional type is associated with a release device of the type just described in which the retaining hook pawl is replaced by a latch pawl controlled by an electromagnetic striker via the intermediary of a trip lever or member.
  • a hook pawl is a stop element stressed in tension whilst a latch pawl is a stop element stressed in compression.
  • a miniaturised automatic switch formed according to the present invention comprises a modular casing 1 (constituted by two coupled half shells one of which is removed to allow the interior to be seen) in which is housed a plurality of components, and in particular:
  • the two terminals 2, 3 are electrically connected together via the series connection of the bimetallic strip 4, a flexible conductive braid 16 connecting the strip 4 to the contact arm 10, the contacts 8 and 9, when closed, and the electromagnet winding 5.
  • the electromagnet winding is obviously connected at its ends to the contact 8, via a rigid copper projection 18 of the electromagnet, which supports the contact 8, and to the terminal 3 via a soldering projection 19 of the terminal 3.
  • Figure 2 shows the structure of the rapid release device in exploded perspective view for greater clarity.
  • the support lever 12 for the contact arm 10 is provided at one end with a cylindrical bearing 21 to receive a pin 22 which acts as a support pivot for the lever 12 which is thus articulated to turn about the pin 22.
  • the pin 22 is engaged at its ends in a fixed position in the casing 1.
  • two cylindrical pins 23, 24 are formed on opposite faces of the lever and have axes parallel to that of the pin 22, which pins act as pivot pins for the arm 10 and for the latch pawl 14 respectively.
  • the arm 10 is provided at its end opposite the contacts 9 with a bearing 25 for receiving the pin 23.
  • the bearing 25 is preferably a saddle-like cylindrical seating because this allows the centre of rotation of the arm 11 to be as close as possible to its end and therefore increases the lever arm within the same dimensions.
  • a slot 26 formed in an intermediate position in the arm 10 allows the free passage of the pin 22 in the arm, prevents the escape of the pin 23 from the saddle-like bearing 25, and allows a predetermined and limited relative rotation between the arm 10 and the lever 12 on the pivot formed by the pin 23.
  • a tooth 27 formed on the arm 10 in an intermediate position between the slot 26 and the saddle-like bearing 25 provides a positional engagement for the compression spring 13 which, reacting against the casing, urges the contact arm 10 (and consequently the lever 12) to a rest position, with the contacts open, defined by a convenient abutment of the casing 1.
  • a tooth 30 Integrally with the support lever 12 there is formed a tooth 30 provided with an engagement plane 31 cooperating with a tooth 29 of the latch pawl to form a dihedral which receives one end 32 of the arming link 11 pivoted at the other end on a drum 33 of a manual arming lever 7.
  • the tooth 30 extends beyond the plane 31 to form a throat for housing the end of the link 32 when the actuation of the latch pawl allows the end 32 to slide on the plane 31 and to penetrate into the housing throat by the effect of relative movement between the end 32 and the support arm 12 caused by the spring 13 or, as will be seen further below, by the electromagnetic actuator 5.
  • the latch pawl 14 is essentially constituted by a small lever provided at one end with a lug 28 for receiving the pin 24 and at the opposite end with the previously-mentioned retaining tooth 29.
  • the latch pawl 14 extends as a U-shape arm 34 terminating in an actuation tooth 35 for the said latch pawl, bent towards the lug 28 and at a radial distance from the lug equal to or less than the radial distance of the retaining tooth 29 from the lug 28.
  • the U-shape arm 34 forms, with the tooth 30 of the support arm, a closed containment slot in which the end 32 of the link can slide.
  • the latch pawl 14 is biased towards a rest and abutment position by a spring 36 having two ends respectively interfering with the latch pawl 14 and the body of the arm 12.
  • a conveniently shaped plastics cap 37 is snap engaged over the top of the support lever 12 for the contact arm 10 and prevents the latch pawl 14 from separating from the pin 24.
  • the cap 37 can be made of coloured plastics or provided with coloured adhesive labels in such a way as to provide, via an open window 38 (Figure 1) in the casing 1, a visual indication of the position of the cap in the casing and therefore of the position of the support lever of the movable contact arm.
  • the release device also includes a trip lever or member 39 operating as an actuation intermediary between the electromagnet striker and the latch pawl 14.
  • trip member 39 is shown as being divided into two parts 39A and 39B for greater clarity.
  • the trip member which is conveniently made of insulating material, is formed by two parallel juxtaposed cheeks joined by a plate 42 to form a saddle partially housing the lever 12 and the arm 10.
  • the two cheeks are provided with axially aligned apertures 40, 41 through which the pin 22 passes freely.
  • the trip member can turn relative to the support lever 12 and the arm 10 through a predetermined angle defined by the interference of a projection 43 of the support lever 12 with a tooth 44 of the cheek 39A and by the interference between a projection 45 of the plate 42 with the movable contact arm 10.
  • a second tooth 46 of the trip member interferes with a tooth 47 of the slide 48 when the slide is displaced in the sense indicated by the arrow A of Figure 2 by the flexing of the bimetallic strip 4 (Figure 1) which acts on a tooth 49 of the slide.
  • the trip member In order to actuate the latch pawl 14 the trip member is provided with a trip lever 50 terminating in a tooth 51.
  • the trip member When the trip member is caused to turn clockwise (as viewed in Figures 1 and 2) about the pin 22 by the effect of a force applied to the plate 42 by the electromagnet striker 52, the tooth 51 contacts the actuation tooth 35 of the latch pawl and causes it to turn in an anticlockwise sense about the pin 24.
  • Figures 3, 4 and 5 schematically show the device in different operating states.
  • the contact arm 10 is maintained stably in the open position.
  • the arming lever 7 is in the disarmed position and the end of the link is held without force in the dihedral formed by the inclined plane 31 and the tooth of the latch pawl 14.
  • the latch pawl is maintained in the stop position by its biasing spring and the tooth for actuation of the latch pawl, pressing against the tooth 51 of the trip member, tends to cause it to turn in an anticlockwise sense about the pin 22 maintaining it in the rest position defined by contact of the tooth 44 against the projection 43.
  • Figure 5 shows the trip device when activated due to an excess current.
  • the striker 52 is projected against the trip member 39 which turns about the pin 22 together with the trip lever 50.
  • the tooth of the trip lever acts on the latch pawl 14 causing its release.
  • the release time of the latch pawl is of extreme importance to ensure the speed of response of the protection which must be as short as possible.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram showing the forces on the different components which define the work to be done to release the latch pawl.
  • the numerals 31, 32 and 56 respectively indicate the contact plane of the support lever, the end of the link 11, which in general has a circular section of non-zero diameter, and the retention plane of the latch pawl 14.
  • the force F can be split up into two components, FT perpendicular to the plane 31, and FR perpendicular to the plane 56.
  • the component FT is entirely absorbed by the support arm and the biasing spring.
  • angle ⁇ cannot be less than a certain limit in order to ensure that the link 11 is not stuck by the effect of friction on the plane 31, and in general is not less than 20°.
  • the force FR applied to the latch pawl at the point of contact between the plane 56 and the end of the link 32 is entirely balanced by the reaction exerted by the latch pawl support pin 24 if the axis of the pin is aligned with the component FR.
  • a contact plane such as 56 forms an abutment with the end 32 of the link in conditions of stable equilibrium and that angular displacements of the latch pawl from the equilibrium position are obtained only by performing work which separates the end 32 from the centre of rotation in some measure.
  • the diagram of Figure 7 qualitively represents the work to be done to rotate the latch pawl through an angle from the stable position.
  • the force FR is a simple compression force which does not modify the orientation of the contact surface but only the distance of the surface from the axis of rotation (by the effect of the elasticity, although minimum, of the material).
  • the angle of rotation of the latch pawl/hook pawl is correlated to the time necessary for its actuation, although not necessarily in a linear manner
  • the use of a latch pawl allows a greater efficiency and speed of response because its dynamic characteristics are better adapted to those of an electromagnetic actuator which is able to develop a thrust and force increasing gradually with time as the magnitude of the air gap diminishes.
  • the coupling between the latch pawl and the trip member can be formed by means of a link on the arm of the latch pawl and the trip lever rather than by means of interference teeth and the latch pawl biasing spring can in this case be replaced by a biasing spring which acts on the trip member which, in turn, imposes a predetermined rest position on the latch pawl.

Landscapes

  • Switches That Are Operated By Magnetic Or Electric Fields (AREA)
  • Switches With Compound Operations (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Switches Operated By Changes In Physical Conditions (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
EP95202792A 1994-10-18 1995-10-16 Hochleistungs-Selbstschalter Expired - Lifetime EP0708461B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI9530264T SI0708461T1 (en) 1994-10-18 1995-10-16 A high performance automatic switch

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT94MI002128A IT1275644B1 (it) 1994-10-18 1994-10-18 Interruttore automatico ad elevate prestazioni
ITMI942128 1994-10-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0708461A1 true EP0708461A1 (de) 1996-04-24
EP0708461B1 EP0708461B1 (de) 1999-03-17

Family

ID=11369731

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95202792A Expired - Lifetime EP0708461B1 (de) 1994-10-18 1995-10-16 Hochleistungs-Selbstschalter

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0708461B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE177871T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69508339T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2131759T3 (de)
GR (1) GR3030531T3 (de)
IT (1) IT1275644B1 (de)
SI (1) SI0708461T1 (de)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0986083A2 (de) * 1998-09-08 2000-03-15 GEWISS S.p.A. Thermomagnetischer Schutzschalter
EP1096531A1 (de) * 1999-10-26 2001-05-02 Bticino S.P.A. Betätigungsmechanismus eines beweglichen Kontaktes für elektrischer Schutzschalter
WO2003012812A1 (en) * 2001-08-01 2003-02-13 Abb Service S.R.L. Circuit breaker for low-voltage electric circuit
EP1443534A1 (de) * 2003-01-29 2004-08-04 Bticino S.P.A. Lasttrennschalter
WO2007144015A1 (de) 2006-06-12 2007-12-21 Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh Schutzschalter
CZ299763B6 (cs) * 2001-07-12 2008-11-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Spínací prístroj
CZ299994B6 (cs) * 2003-10-24 2009-01-14 Jovean & Rogy Electrical Holding Co., Ltd Spouštový mechanismus jistice
CZ300889B6 (cs) * 2002-03-25 2009-09-02 Oez S.R.O. Kontaktní systém, zejména pro spínací mechanismy elektrických prístroju
EP2717284A1 (de) * 2012-10-05 2014-04-09 Schneider Electric Industries SAS Bedienungsvorrichtung eines elektrischen Schutzschaltgeräts, und diese umfassendes elektrisches Schutzschaltgerät
EP2899739A4 (de) * 2012-09-20 2016-06-08 Noark Electrics Shanghai Co Ltd Minischutzschalter mit hoher stabilität
CN106952789A (zh) * 2017-04-26 2017-07-14 浙江奔电气有限公司 一种断路器动触头斥力弹开后的梯级自锁结构
CN114558694A (zh) * 2022-02-28 2022-05-31 广东大唐国际雷州发电有限责任公司 一种燃煤电厂智能电除尘设备及除尘方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10044060C1 (de) * 2000-08-31 2002-05-16 Siemens Ag Kontaktanordnung für einen elektrischen Schalter

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0147629A1 (de) * 1983-12-17 1985-07-10 Lindner GmbH Fabrik elektrischer Lampen und Apparate Schutzschalter
EP0393566A1 (de) * 1989-04-18 1990-10-24 G.E.C. Unelec Elektrischer Schutzschalter
EP0506503A1 (de) * 1991-03-29 1992-09-30 Hager Electro S.A. Schlossmechanismus für Lastschalter

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0147629A1 (de) * 1983-12-17 1985-07-10 Lindner GmbH Fabrik elektrischer Lampen und Apparate Schutzschalter
EP0393566A1 (de) * 1989-04-18 1990-10-24 G.E.C. Unelec Elektrischer Schutzschalter
EP0506503A1 (de) * 1991-03-29 1992-09-30 Hager Electro S.A. Schlossmechanismus für Lastschalter
FR2674679A1 (fr) * 1991-03-29 1992-10-02 Hager Electro Mecanisme de serrure pour disjoncteur.

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0986083A3 (de) * 1998-09-08 2000-08-09 GEWISS S.p.A. Thermomagnetischer Schutzschalter
EP0986083A2 (de) * 1998-09-08 2000-03-15 GEWISS S.p.A. Thermomagnetischer Schutzschalter
EP1096531A1 (de) * 1999-10-26 2001-05-02 Bticino S.P.A. Betätigungsmechanismus eines beweglichen Kontaktes für elektrischer Schutzschalter
CZ299763B6 (cs) * 2001-07-12 2008-11-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Spínací prístroj
WO2003012812A1 (en) * 2001-08-01 2003-02-13 Abb Service S.R.L. Circuit breaker for low-voltage electric circuit
CZ300889B6 (cs) * 2002-03-25 2009-09-02 Oez S.R.O. Kontaktní systém, zejména pro spínací mechanismy elektrických prístroju
EP1443534A1 (de) * 2003-01-29 2004-08-04 Bticino S.P.A. Lasttrennschalter
CZ299994B6 (cs) * 2003-10-24 2009-01-14 Jovean & Rogy Electrical Holding Co., Ltd Spouštový mechanismus jistice
WO2007144015A1 (de) 2006-06-12 2007-12-21 Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh Schutzschalter
AU2006344590B2 (en) * 2006-06-12 2010-08-12 Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh Protection switch
US7978033B2 (en) 2006-06-12 2011-07-12 Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh Protection switch
EP2899739A4 (de) * 2012-09-20 2016-06-08 Noark Electrics Shanghai Co Ltd Minischutzschalter mit hoher stabilität
EP2717284A1 (de) * 2012-10-05 2014-04-09 Schneider Electric Industries SAS Bedienungsvorrichtung eines elektrischen Schutzschaltgeräts, und diese umfassendes elektrisches Schutzschaltgerät
FR2996678A1 (fr) * 2012-10-05 2014-04-11 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Dispositif de commande d'un appareil de protection electrique et appareil de protection electrique le comportant
CN106952789A (zh) * 2017-04-26 2017-07-14 浙江奔电气有限公司 一种断路器动触头斥力弹开后的梯级自锁结构
CN106952789B (zh) * 2017-04-26 2018-12-18 浙江奔一电气有限公司 一种断路器动触头斥力弹开后的梯级自锁结构
CN114558694A (zh) * 2022-02-28 2022-05-31 广东大唐国际雷州发电有限责任公司 一种燃煤电厂智能电除尘设备及除尘方法
CN114558694B (zh) * 2022-02-28 2022-12-20 广东大唐国际雷州发电有限责任公司 一种燃煤电厂智能电除尘设备及除尘方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2131759T3 (es) 1999-08-01
IT1275644B1 (it) 1997-10-17
ITMI942128A1 (it) 1996-04-18
GR3030531T3 (en) 1999-10-29
DE69508339D1 (de) 1999-04-22
EP0708461B1 (de) 1999-03-17
ATE177871T1 (de) 1999-04-15
SI0708461T1 (en) 1999-10-31
ITMI942128A0 (it) 1994-10-18
DE69508339T2 (de) 1999-11-18

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