EP0706885B1 - Method for generating an ink layer with a thickness oriented to the production job in an inking unit - Google Patents

Method for generating an ink layer with a thickness oriented to the production job in an inking unit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0706885B1
EP0706885B1 EP95114700A EP95114700A EP0706885B1 EP 0706885 B1 EP0706885 B1 EP 0706885B1 EP 95114700 A EP95114700 A EP 95114700A EP 95114700 A EP95114700 A EP 95114700A EP 0706885 B1 EP0706885 B1 EP 0706885B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ink
printing
layer thickness
inking unit
rollers
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EP95114700A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0706885A1 (en
Inventor
Joachim Müller
Rolf Braun
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Manroland AG
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MAN Roland Druckmaschinen AG
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Priority to DE9421436U priority Critical patent/DE9421436U1/en
Application filed by MAN Roland Druckmaschinen AG filed Critical MAN Roland Druckmaschinen AG
Publication of EP0706885A1 publication Critical patent/EP0706885A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F31/00—Inking arrangements or devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F33/00—Indicating, counting, warning, control or safety devices
    • B41F33/0027—Devices for scanning originals, printing formes or the like for determining or presetting the ink supply

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a printing ink layer thickness in an inking unit.
  • the method shown for the defined generation of a color distribution close to production in the inking unit of rotary printing presses has the process steps that between two print jobs the ink present in the inking unit is first reduced to a minimal amount by closing the ink metering elements and only then is the ink zone distribution corrected for the production process.
  • the difference in color quantity between the two print jobs is to be determined by means of a computer and compensated for by appropriate setting of the color metering elements. This can result in transport routes from the inking unit to the ink fountain as well as in the opposite direction.
  • the procedure given in this way is limited to the sequence between two printing processes. It is primarily based on the dismantling of the existing paint layer thickness profile, which usually differs from a profile required in a follow-up order.
  • a pre-filling of the inking unit that is correct for the printing process can be produced without determining color quantities or color profiles or difference quantities.
  • the procedure boils down to the fact that a compensating layer thickness is generated in the inking unit, which can be produced by a running-in process that runs parallel to other setting-up processes.
  • the compensation layer thickness depends primarily on the design of the inking unit.
  • the compensation layer thickness is also dependent on the color requirement on the respective subject or also on the auxiliaries used in the printing process, such as printing ink and paper.
  • a parameter table can be specified, which contains measurement values from the scanning of a printing plate or the determination of ink requirements from digital data, as well as the empirical values of the operator.
  • the transport of printing ink during a printing process in a printing press involves an ink fountain with ink metering elements arranged zonally across the width of the ink fountain, an ink fountain roller, a lifting or transfer roller, a larger number of ink fountain rollers in the form of a roller train and a printing form cylinder.
  • a distribution of the printing ink is generated on the inking unit rollers in accordance with the ink requirement on the printing form. The distribution results in the direction of the ink transport through splitting processes between the inking unit rollers and in the transverse direction of the inking unit through defined setting of the ink metering elements and transport processes by means of a so-called ink distribution.
  • the process for prefilling the inking unit assumes that a profiling of the amount of ink in the inking unit is generally not necessary before a print job, both before a first print job and between two print jobs. It is basically only necessary to distribute an ink layer with a certain volume within the inking unit, ie on the inking unit rollers. Therefore, before a new print job, the printing ink can be supplied in an even layer of ink, ie with evenly opened ink metering elements. In general, the printing ink is distributed according to the principle of the layer thickness gradient, ie from thicker to thinner layers of ink.
  • the printing press continues to run without any ink for pragmatic reasons.
  • the ink transport from the ink fountain to the inking unit rollers and from there to the printing form cylinder is interrupted.
  • the differences in the ink layer thickness on the rotating inking unit rollers will compensate relatively quickly across the entire inking unit. This is due to the above-mentioned principal color flows from higher to lower layer thicknesses. This compensation process results in a layer thickness on the inking unit rollers, which is to be referred to as the compensation layer thickness.
  • the compensating layer thickness is set and fed in advance using the adjusting means provided in a printing press.
  • the compensation layer thickness must be determined. Basically, a dependency on the amount of printing ink with regard to consumption on the printing sheet is to be noted.
  • the subjects can be divided into groups or classes, for example with the characterizations light, medium and difficult.
  • the subject groups or classes can be divided, for example, depending on a measurement of the printing components on the printing form, a percentage of area coverage, in the following manner: from 0-20% for light subjects, from 21-50% for medium subjects and greater than 50% for heavy subjects.
  • Certain compensating layer thicknesses are permanently assigned to each subject group, which are to be determined in accordance with the design of the respective printing press. For this purpose, the amount of ink present in the inking unit during the continuous printing process is determined in a specific printing press.
  • the printer makes the selection before the print job, whether the characterization is easy, medium or difficult to use as a subject group. This is where his experience for the printing process comes in. Alternatively, it can of course also be carried out automatically as a function of a previously carried out measurement of the printing parts on the printing form, the so-called area coverage.
  • the compensation layer thickness can of course also be calculated mathematically directly from a model of the inking unit according to the color requirement.
  • This compensating layer thickness on the basis of a layer thickness profile that can be adjusted on the ink metering elements and a color strip, an adjustable so-called lifting strip, to be removed periodically from the ink fountain roller by means of the lifting roller.
  • the second step is to apply the compensation layer thickness to all inking rollers.
  • a precise measure in micrometers
  • the ink metering elements can also be adjusted precisely to specific gap openings.
  • the press is then started up without paper transport, with the ink supply switched on via the ink lifter and ink fountain roller. This begins a compensation process in which a color flow takes place from high to low layer thickness, which theoretically is completed after an infinite number of revolutions. In practice, however, 300 revolutions are definitely sufficient. This means that the leveling layer thickness set on the ink metering elements is on all rollers. It is irrelevant whether the rollers were clean before or whether they still had ink from the last print job. If color layers are still present, as already explained, printing ink can also be transported back to the ink fountain.
  • the process is optimal, with an equalization process having already taken place after a relatively few revolutions of the printing machine, if the lifting strip is selected to the maximum, which means that the ink flow is also shown to the maximum. This can take place at high machine speeds, so that the required number of revolutions is completed in a short time.
  • a running-in process would e.g. with a machine speed of 15000 U / h and a preselection of 300 revolutions for the running-in process take 72 sec.
  • a connection between the inking unit and the dampening unit is usually provided in order to be able to better control the ink-water balance during the printing process.
  • it is important to include this connection in the proposed running-in process since it may also be necessary to supply a dampening roller with printing ink. This is done via a switchable roller connection between the inking unit and dampening unit.
  • substrates or printing inks it can be disadvantageous if the ink is enriched too early on the dampening roller. A Emulsion formation can hinder the printing process. Therefore, the method also provides for the switchable connection to be operated independently of the other setting values when the compensation layer is applied to printing ink.
  • the printer makes this setting itself.
  • a further advantageous development of the method according to the invention can be achieved in this context on offset printing presses in that after the running-in process, the inking rollers are placed briefly on the forme cylinder without the dampening rollers being turned on. The printing form is then completely covered with printing ink. After the inking rollers are switched off again, the dampening rollers are now placed on the forme cylinder.
  • the amount of dampening solution introduced and the color-friendly surface characteristics of at least the dampening application rollers remove the printing ink from the non-printing surface areas of the printing form.
  • free running When freewheeling, the dampening rollers are simultaneously supplied with printing ink, so that the required basic ink layer can be produced there in a simple manner.

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  • Inking, Control Or Cleaning Of Printing Machines (AREA)
  • Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
  • Ink Jet (AREA)

Abstract

A set amount of ink is distributed over the rollers while running the press with the paper feed shut off. The rollers are separated from the block cylinder, the metering components are opened to the same settings and the lifting roller is put in a set position, until a basic amount of ink is in the inking mechanism. The basic amount of ink to fill the inking mechanism is calculated from the ink required for a particular printing batch, and from the latter an equalising-layer thickness is calculated. The metering components are set dependent on this thickness. The press is then run at these settings until the ink thickness set at the metering components is available evenly at all inking rollers. The basic amount of ink and the equalising-layer thickness can be calculated by computer in accordance with the laws of ink-separation from the ink requirement of the printing surface areas of the printing block.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Erzeugung einer fortdruckgerechten Farbschichtdicke in einem Farbwerk.The invention relates to a method for producing a printing ink layer thickness in an inking unit.

Ein derartiges Verfahren ist aus der DE 37 07 695 C2 bekannt. Das gezeigte Verfahren zur definierten Erzeugung einer dem Fortdruck nahen Farbverteilung im Farbwerk von Rotationsdruckmaschinen weist die Verfahrensschritte auf, daß zwischen zwei Druckaufträgen zunächst die im Farbwerk vorhandene Druckfarbe durch Schliessen der farbdosierelemente auf ein minimal es Maß reduziert wird und erst dann die fortdruckgerechte Farbzonenverteilung erzeugt wird. In einer Variante soll die Differenzfarbmenge zwischen beiden Druckaufträgen mittels eines Rechners ermittelt und durch entsprechende Einstellung der Farbdosierelemente ausgeglichen werden. Dabei können sich sowohl Transportwege vom Farbwerk zum Farbkasten als auch in umgekehrter Richtung ergeben. Die so gegebene Verfahrensweise ist auf den Ablauf zwischen zwei Druckvorgängen beschränkt. Sie basiert vor allem auf dem Abbau des schon vorhandenen Farbschichtdickenprofils, das sich in aller Regel von einem in einem Folgeauftrag erforderlichen Profil unterscheidet.Such a method is known from DE 37 07 695 C2. The method shown for the defined generation of a color distribution close to production in the inking unit of rotary printing presses has the process steps that between two print jobs the ink present in the inking unit is first reduced to a minimal amount by closing the ink metering elements and only then is the ink zone distribution corrected for the production process. In one variant, the difference in color quantity between the two print jobs is to be determined by means of a computer and compensated for by appropriate setting of the color metering elements. This can result in transport routes from the inking unit to the ink fountain as well as in the opposite direction. The procedure given in this way is limited to the sequence between two printing processes. It is primarily based on the dismantling of the existing paint layer thickness profile, which usually differs from a profile required in a follow-up order.

In der DE 33 38 143 A1 ist eine Farbwerksvoreinstellung beschrieben. Das dort erläuterte Verfahren zeigt auf, wie ein leeres Farbwerk durch Einbringen einer Grundfarbschicht und eines dem Farbbedarf in einem bestimmten Druckauftrag entsprechenden Farbschichtdickenprofils mit einer definierten Farbmenge gefüllt werden kann. Hierbei soll in erster Linie ein manueller Füllvorgang vermieden werden, der zum Ausgleich unterschiedlicher Farbflüsse häufig erforderlich war. Die Grundfarbschicht ist ein rein empirisch ermittelter wert und hat nichts mit dem späteren Farbverbrauch zu tun.DE 33 38 143 A1 describes an inking unit presetting. The method explained there shows how an empty inking unit can be filled with a defined amount of ink by introducing a base ink layer and an ink layer thickness profile corresponding to the ink requirement in a specific print job. In the first place, a manual filling process should be avoided, to compensate for different color flows was often required. The base color layer is a purely empirically determined value and has nothing to do with the later color consumption.

Die beschriebenen Verfahrensweisen beschränken sich jeweils auf Einzelfälle vor dem Druck oder zwischen zwei Druckaufträgen. Eine Kenntnis der Farbtransportvorgänge ist nicht vorhanden und daher auch eine ungenaue oder nur mit hohem Aufwand zu optimierende Verfahrensweise angegeben. Die Erreichung des Fortdruckzustandes ist nicht zielgenau möglich. In Grenzfällen sind starke Abweichungen zwischen Soll- und Ist-Farbfluß möglich, die eher eine Erhöhung der Makulatur als eine Verringerung hervorrufen.The procedures described are limited to individual cases before printing or between two print jobs. Knowledge of the ink transport processes is not available and therefore an inaccurate procedure, or one that can only be optimized with great effort, is given. It is not possible to achieve the printing status exactly. In borderline cases, strong deviations between the target and actual ink flow are possible, which cause an increase in waste rather than a reduction.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist daher, ein Verfahren zur die fortdruckgerechte Vorfüllung eines Farbwerkes vor Druckbeginn oder zwischen Druckaufträgen, das ohne großen maschinellen und messtechnischen Aufwand eine in den Arbeitsablauf integrierte optimale Vorbereitung des Farbwerkes ermöglicht.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method for the pre-filling of an inking unit before printing or between printing jobs, which enables an optimal preparation of the inking unit integrated into the workflow without great mechanical and measuring effort.

Die Aufgabe wird gelöst nach den Merkmalen des Kennzeichens des Patentanspruchs 1. Hierbei ist vorteilhaft, daß ohne Ermittlung von Farbmengen oder Farbprofilen bzw. Differenzmengen eine fortdruckgerechte Vorfüllung des Farbwerkes erzeugbar ist. Die Verfahrensweise läuft darauf hinaus, daß eine Ausgleichsschichtdicke im Farbwerk erzeugt wird, die sich durch einen parallel zu anderen Einrichtevorgängen ablaufenden Einlaufvorgang erzeugen läßt. Die Ausgleichsschichtdicke ist abhängig in erster Linie von der Konzeption des Farbwerkes. Die Ausgleichsschichtdicke ist weiterhin abhängig von dem Farbbedarf auf dem jeweiligen Sujet oder auch der verwendeten Hilfsstoffe im Druckprozess, wie Druckfarbe und Papier. Zur praxisgerechten Einsetzbarkeit kann eine Parametertabelle vorgegeben werden, die sowohl Meßwerte von der Abtastung einer Druckplatte bzw. Farbbedarfsermittlung aus digitalen Daten enthält, als auch die empirischen Werte der Bedienungsperson aufnehmen kann.The object is achieved according to the features of the characterizing part of patent claim 1. It is advantageous here that a pre-filling of the inking unit that is correct for the printing process can be produced without determining color quantities or color profiles or difference quantities. The procedure boils down to the fact that a compensating layer thickness is generated in the inking unit, which can be produced by a running-in process that runs parallel to other setting-up processes. The compensation layer thickness depends primarily on the design of the inking unit. The compensation layer thickness is also dependent on the color requirement on the respective subject or also on the auxiliaries used in the printing process, such as printing ink and paper. For practical use, a parameter table can be specified, which contains measurement values from the scanning of a printing plate or the determination of ink requirements from digital data, as well as the empirical values of the operator.

Die Erfindung soll im Folgenden beispielhaft erläutert werden.The invention will be explained below by way of example.

Am Transport von Druckfarbe während eines Druckprozesses in einer Druckmaschine sind innerhalb eines Farbwerkes ein Farbkasten mit zonal über die Breite des Farbkastens angeordneten Farbdosierelementen, eine Farbkastenwalze, eine Heber- bzw. Übertragwalze, eine größere Anzahl von Farbwerkswalzen in Form eines Walzenzuges und ein Druckformzylinder beteiligt. Auf den Farbwerkswalzen wird eine Verteilung der Druckfarbe entsprechend dem Farbbedarf an der Druckform erzeugt. Die Verteilung ergibt sich in Richtung des Farbtransports durch Spaltungsvorgänge zwischen den Farbwerkswalzen und in der Querrichtung des Farbwerks durch definierte Einstellung der Farbdosierelemente und Transportvorgänge mittels einer sogenannten Farbverreibung.The transport of printing ink during a printing process in a printing press involves an ink fountain with ink metering elements arranged zonally across the width of the ink fountain, an ink fountain roller, a lifting or transfer roller, a larger number of ink fountain rollers in the form of a roller train and a printing form cylinder. A distribution of the printing ink is generated on the inking unit rollers in accordance with the ink requirement on the printing form. The distribution results in the direction of the ink transport through splitting processes between the inking unit rollers and in the transverse direction of the inking unit through defined setting of the ink metering elements and transport processes by means of a so-called ink distribution.

Das Verfahren zur Vorfüllung des Farbwerkes geht sowohl vor einem ersten Druckauftrag als auch zwischen zwei Druckaufträgen davon aus, daß eine Profilierung der Farbmenge im Farbwerk generell vor einem Druckauftrag zunächst nicht erforderlich ist. Es ist im Grunde lediglich erforderlich, eine Farbschicht mit einem bestimmten Volumen innerhalb des Farbwerkes d.h. auf den Farbwerkswalzen zu verteilen. Daher kann vor einem neuen Druckauftrag die Druckfarbe in einer gleichmäßigen Farbschicht, d.h. bei gleichmäßig geöffneten Farbdosierelementen zugeführt werden. Generell verteilt sich die Druckfarbe nach dem Prinzip des Schichtdickengefälles, d.h. von dickeren zu dünneren Farbschichten hin. Für ein leeres, gewaschenes Farbwerk, z.B. am Beginn eines Arbeitstages, bedeutet dies, daß lediglich vom Farbkasten zum Farbwerk hin Druckfarbe transportiert wird. Bei einem Auftragswechsel wird Druckfarbe, je nach dem wie die Schichtdickenverteilung im Farbwerk vom vorhergehenden Druckauftrag her aussieht, in verschiedenen Bereichen abhängig von der Einstellung der Farbdosierung sowohl vom Farbkasten bzw. der Farbkastenwalze zum Farbwerk als auch umgekehrt transportiert werden. Es findet also ein Ausgleichsprozeß beim Transport von Druckfarbe zwischen Farbwerk und Farbkastenwalze statt.The process for prefilling the inking unit assumes that a profiling of the amount of ink in the inking unit is generally not necessary before a print job, both before a first print job and between two print jobs. It is basically only necessary to distribute an ink layer with a certain volume within the inking unit, ie on the inking unit rollers. Therefore, before a new print job, the printing ink can be supplied in an even layer of ink, ie with evenly opened ink metering elements. In general, the printing ink is distributed according to the principle of the layer thickness gradient, ie from thicker to thinner layers of ink. For an empty, washed inking unit, for example at the beginning of a working day, this means that printing ink is only transported from the ink fountain to the inking unit. When changing jobs, printing ink, depending on how the layer thickness distribution in the inking unit looks from the previous print job, will be transported in different areas depending on the setting of the ink metering both from the ink fountain or the ink fountain roller to the ink fountain and vice versa. So there is a balancing process during the transport of printing ink between the inking unit and the ink fountain roller.

Für die Beurteilung der im Farbwerk erforderlichen Menge an Druckfarbe ist eine theoretische Betrachtung erforderlich. Während der Produktion eines Druckauftrages stellt sich in Bezug auf die Farbzufuhr und den Verbrauch ein stationärer Zustand ein. Die zugeführte Farbmenge und die verbrauchte Farbmenge auf einem Druckbogen müssen jeweils gleich sein. Nur so ist es möglich, daß die Druckbögen zeitlich konstant eingefärbt werden und ein gleichmäßig gute Druckergebnis erzielt werden kann. Trotzdem besteht aber ein Farbgefälle innerhalb des Farbwerkes von der Farbkastenwalze zu sogenannten Farbauftragwalzen hin, die mit dem Druckformzylinder zusammenarbeiten. Auch während des Betriebes kann es vorkommen, daß ein Farbrückfluß zwischen Farbwerk und Farbkasten dadurch entsteht, daß unter der Wirkung der Farbverreibung die Farbschichtdicken auf den Farbwerkswalzen teils größer sind als auf der Farbkastenwalze, d.h. als beim eingestellten Bedarf. Nur so wird das Drucken von über die gesamte Fläche eines Druckbogens unterschiedlich stark mit druckenden Flächenanteilen gedeckten Sujets überhaupt möglich.A theoretical view is required to assess the amount of printing ink required in the inking unit. During the production of a print job, the ink supply and consumption are stationary. The amount of ink supplied and the amount of ink used on a press sheet must be the same. This is the only way to ensure that the printed sheets are inked constantly and that a consistently good printing result can be achieved. Nevertheless, there is a color gradient within the inking unit from the ink fountain roller to so-called inking rollers that work with the printing form cylinder. Even during operation, it can happen that a backflow of ink between the inking unit and the ink fountain arises in that, under the effect of the ink rubbing, the ink layer thicknesses on the inking unit rollers are sometimes greater than on the ink fountain roller, i.e. than the set demand. This is the only way to print subjects that are covered to different extents over the entire surface of a printed sheet with printing areas.

Wird im stationären Zustand der Druck unterbrochen, z.B. bei Störungen des Papierlaufs, beim Gummituchwaschen oder beim Stapelwechsel, läuft die Druckmaschine aus pragmatischen Gründen ohne Farbzufuhr weiter. Hierbei ist der Farbtransport vom Farbkasten zu den Farbwerkswalzen und von diesem zum Druckformzylinder unterbrochen. Wenn die Druckmaschine aber weiterbetrieben wird, gleichen sich auf den rotierenden Farbwerkswalzen die Unterschiede in der Farbschichtdicke relativ schnell über das ganze Farbwerk aus. Dies ist bedingt durch die obengenannten prinzipiellen Farbflüsse von höheren zu niedrigeren Schichtdicken hin. Aus diesem Ausgleichsvorgang ergibt sich eine Schichtdicke auf den Farbwerkswalzen, die als Ausgleichsschichtdicke bezeichnet werden soll. Sie repräsentiert einen stabilen Ausgleichszustand für einen Moment des Druckprozesses, da ja die jeweils vorhandene Farbmenge quasi im Farbwerk eingefroren wurde. Nach Beendigung der Störung bzw. der Hilfsarbeiten muß der Druckprozeß mit der genannten Ausgleichsschichtdicke auf allen Walzen fortgesetzt werden. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß der frühere stationäre Zustand von diesem Ausgleichszustand aus in aller Regel nach wenigen Umdrehungen wieder erreicht wird.If printing is interrupted in the stationary state, for example in the event of paper flow problems, blanket washing or when changing stacks, the printing press continues to run without any ink for pragmatic reasons. The ink transport from the ink fountain to the inking unit rollers and from there to the printing form cylinder is interrupted. However, if the printing press continues to operate, the differences in the ink layer thickness on the rotating inking unit rollers will compensate relatively quickly across the entire inking unit. This is due to the above-mentioned principal color flows from higher to lower layer thicknesses. This compensation process results in a layer thickness on the inking unit rollers, which is to be referred to as the compensation layer thickness. It represents a stable state of equilibrium for a moment in the printing process, since the amount of ink present was virtually frozen in the inking unit. After the malfunction or the auxiliary work has ended, the printing process must be continued on all rollers with the said compensating layer thickness. It has been shown that the earlier steady state from this state of balance in is usually reached again after a few turns.

Die so gewonnenen Kenntnisse macht sich das erfinderische Verfahren zu Nutze. Zur Erreichung einer optimal einfachen Einfärbung des Farbwerkes wird die Ausgleichsschichtdicke über die in einer Druckmaschine vorhandenen Stellmittel im Vorhinein eingestellt und zugeführt.The knowledge gained in this way makes use of the inventive method. In order to achieve an optimally simple inking of the inking unit, the compensating layer thickness is set and fed in advance using the adjusting means provided in a printing press.

In einem ersten Schritt ist also die Ausgleichsschichtdicke zu ermitteln. Grundsätzlich ist eine Abhängigkeit von der Menge an Druckfarbe bezüglich des Verbrauchs auf dem Druckbogen festzuhalten. Dazu können pauschal die Sujets in Gruppen oder Klassen beispielsweise mit den Charakterisierungen leicht, mittel und schwer unterteilt werden.
Die Sujetgruppen bzw. Klassen können z.B. abhängig von einer vorher erfolgten Messung der druckenden Anteile auf der Druckform, einer prozentualen Flächendeckung, in folgender Weise eingeteilt sein: von 0-20 % für leichte Sujets, von 21-50 % für mittlere Sujets und größer als 50 % für schwere Sujets.
Jeder Sujetgruppe werden bestimmte Ausgleichsschichtdicken fest zugeordnet, die, abgestimmt auf die Bauart der jeweiligen Druckmaschine, zu ermitteln sind. Dazu wird in einer bestimmten Druckmaschine die während des kontinuierlich verlaufenden Druckprozesses im Farbwerk vorhandene Farbmenge ermittelt. Das kann z.B. durch Ausmessen der Schichtdicke auf den Farbwerkswalzen nach dem Ausgleichsvorgang während eines Stoppers erfolgen. Die Auswahl vor dem Druckauftrag, ob die Charakterisierung leicht, mittel oder schwer als Sujetgruppe einzusetzen ist, nimmt der Drucker selbst vor. Hier geht dessen Erfahrung für den Druckablauf ein. Alternativ kann sie selbstverständlich auch automatisch in Abhängigkeit von einer vorher erfolgten Messung der druckenden Anteile auf der Druckform, der sogenannten Flächendeckung, erfolgen.In a first step, the compensation layer thickness must be determined. Basically, a dependency on the amount of printing ink with regard to consumption on the printing sheet is to be noted. For this purpose, the subjects can be divided into groups or classes, for example with the characterizations light, medium and difficult.
The subject groups or classes can be divided, for example, depending on a measurement of the printing components on the printing form, a percentage of area coverage, in the following manner: from 0-20% for light subjects, from 21-50% for medium subjects and greater than 50% for heavy subjects.
Certain compensating layer thicknesses are permanently assigned to each subject group, which are to be determined in accordance with the design of the respective printing press. For this purpose, the amount of ink present in the inking unit during the continuous printing process is determined in a specific printing press. This can be done, for example, by measuring the layer thickness on the inking unit rollers after the compensation process during a stop. The printer makes the selection before the print job, whether the characterization is easy, medium or difficult to use as a subject group. This is where his experience for the printing process comes in. Alternatively, it can of course also be carried out automatically as a function of a previously carried out measurement of the printing parts on the printing form, the so-called area coverage.

Alternativ kann die Ausgleichsschichtdicke selbstverständlich entsprechend dem Farbbedarf auch mathematisch aus einem Modell des Farbwerkes direkt berechnet werden.Alternatively, the compensation layer thickness can of course also be calculated mathematically directly from a model of the inking unit according to the color requirement.

Die gewonnenen Werte bzw. Bewertungen werden bei der Erzeugung dieser Ausgleichsschichtdicke ausgehend von einem an den Farbdosierelementen einstellbaren Schichtdickenprofil und einem von der Farbkastenwalze mittels der Heberwalze periodisch abzunehmenden Farbstreifen, einem einstellbaren sogenannten Heberstreifen, zur Voreinstellung herangezogen.The values or evaluations obtained are used in the production of this compensating layer thickness on the basis of a layer thickness profile that can be adjusted on the ink metering elements and a color strip, an adjustable so-called lifting strip, to be removed periodically from the ink fountain roller by means of the lifting roller.

Der zweite Schritt ist die Aufbringung der Ausgleichsschichtdicke auf alle Farbwalzen. Nachdem als Maß für die Ausgleichsschichtdicke an den Farbdosierelementen ein präzises Maß vorgegeben ist (in Mikrometer), können die Farbdosierelemente ebenso präzise auf bestimmte Spaltöffnungen eingestellt werden. Danach wird die Druckmaschine ohne Papiertransport angefahren, wobei die Farbzufuhr über Farbheber und Farbkastenwalze eingeschaltet ist. Damit beginnt ein Ausgleichsvorgang, bei dem ein Farbfluß von hoher zu niedriger Schichtdicke hin stattfindet, der theoretisch nach unendlich vielen Umdrehungen abgeschlossen ist. In der Praxis reichen aber 300 Umdrehungen auf jeden Fall aus. Damit befindet sich die an den Farbdosierelementen sinngemäß eingestellte Ausgleichsschichtdicke auf allen Walzen. Es ist hierbei unerheblich, ob die Walzen vorher sauber waren oder ob sie noch Druckfarbe vom letzten Druckauftrag getragen haben. Bei noch vorhandenen Farbschichten kann, wie bereits erläutert wurde, auch Druckfarbe zum Farbkasten zurücktransportiert werden.The second step is to apply the compensation layer thickness to all inking rollers. After a precise measure (in micrometers) has been specified as a measure of the compensating layer thickness on the ink metering elements, the ink metering elements can also be adjusted precisely to specific gap openings. The press is then started up without paper transport, with the ink supply switched on via the ink lifter and ink fountain roller. This begins a compensation process in which a color flow takes place from high to low layer thickness, which theoretically is completed after an infinite number of revolutions. In practice, however, 300 revolutions are definitely sufficient. This means that the leveling layer thickness set on the ink metering elements is on all rollers. It is irrelevant whether the rollers were clean before or whether they still had ink from the last print job. If color layers are still present, as already explained, printing ink can also be transported back to the ink fountain.

Optimal gestaltet sich der Ablauf, wobei schon nach relativ wenigen Umdrehungen der Druckmaschine ein Ausgleichsvorgang abgelaufen ist, wenn der Heberstreifen maximal gewählt wird, wodurch sich auch der Farbfluß maximal darstellt. Dies kann bei hohen Maschinengeschwindigkeiten ablaufen, so daß die erforderliche Zahl der Umdrehungen in kurzer Zeit abgelaufen ist. Ein Einlaufvorgang würde z.B. bei einer Maschinengeschwindigkeit von 15000 U/h und einer Vorwahl von 300 Umdrehungen für den Einlaufvorgang 72 sec dauern.The process is optimal, with an equalization process having already taken place after a relatively few revolutions of the printing machine, if the lifting strip is selected to the maximum, which means that the ink flow is also shown to the maximum. This can take place at high machine speeds, so that the required number of revolutions is completed in a short time. A running-in process would e.g. with a machine speed of 15000 U / h and a preselection of 300 revolutions for the running-in process take 72 sec.

Das Verfahren wird in folgenden Schritten durchgeführt, die nach nur einem Tastenbefehl automatisch in der Maschine ablaufen können:

  • a.) Die Farbdosierelemente werden auf die gewünschte Ausgleichsschichtdicke eingestellt (Werte aus einer Tabelle oder durch Berechnung aus Flächenanteilen). Richtgröße ca. 35 bis 45 my.
  • b.) Die Heberstreifenbreite wird vorzugsweise auf den möglichen Maximalwert eingestellt, um die Einlaufprozedur so kurz wie möglich zu gestalten.
  • c.) Die Druckmaschine wird auf Einlaufgeschwindigkeit beschleunigt (möglichst die Maximalgeschwindigkeit der Maschine), um die Einlaufprozedur in kürzester Zeit ablaufen zu lassen.
  • d.) Gleichzeitig mit dem Beschleunigen der Maschine wird der Farbheber freigeschaltet, um den Farbfluß beginnen zu lassen. Die Farbdosierelemente sind alle gleich eingestellt.
  • e.) Nach einer vorwählbaren Zahl von Maschinenumdrehungen wird der Farbheber gestoppt, die Druckmaschine gestoppt und das Profil an den Farbdosierelementen entsprechend dem nächsten Druckauftrag eingestellt.
The procedure is carried out in the following steps, which can run automatically in the machine after just one key command:
  • a.) The color metering elements are set to the desired leveling layer thickness (values from a table or by calculation from surface areas). Guide size approx. 35 to 45 my.
  • b.) The lift strip width is preferably set to the possible maximum value in order to keep the running-in procedure as short as possible.
  • c.) The printing press is accelerated to the running-in speed (preferably the maximum speed of the machine) in order to allow the running-in procedure to run in the shortest possible time.
  • d.) Simultaneously with the acceleration of the machine, the ink lifter is activated to let the ink flow begin. The color metering elements are all set the same.
  • e.) After a preselectable number of machine revolutions, the ink lifter is stopped, the printing machine is stopped and the profile on the ink metering elements is set in accordance with the next print job.

Damit ist eine optimal an den Farbbedarf des jeweiligen Druckauftrags angepaßte Farbschichtdickenverteilung erzeugt, die eine minimale Vorlaufzeit und damit ein Minimum an Makulatur bis zum guten Druck erfordert.This produces an ink layer thickness distribution that is optimally adapted to the ink requirements of the respective print job and that requires a minimum lead time and thus a minimum of waste until good printing.

Bei modernen Offsetdruckmaschinen ist gewöhnlich eine Verbindung zwischen Farbwerk und Feuchtwerk vorgesehen, um das Farb-Wasser-Gleichgewicht während des Druckprozesses besser steuern zu können. Es ist bei der heutigen Vielfalt an Druckhilfsmitteln wichtig diese Verbindung in den vorgeschlagenen Einlaufvorgang einzubeziehen, da gegebenenfalls auch eine Feuchtauftragwalze mit Druckfarbe zu versorgen ist. Dies geschieht über eine schaltbare Walzenverbindung zwischen Farbwerk und Feuchtwerk. Bei bestimmten Sujets, Bedruckstoffen oder Druckfarben kann es aber nachteilig sein, wenn zu früh Druckfarbe auf der Feuchtauftragwalze angereichert wird. Eine Emulsionsbildung kann den Druckprozeß behindern. Daher ist im Verfahren auch vorgesehen, die schaltbare Verbindung beim Aufbringen der Ausgleichsschicht an Druckfarbe unabhängig von den anderen Einstellwerten zu bedienen. Der Drucker nimmt diese Einstellung selbst vor.
   Eine weitere vorteilhafte Weiterbildung des erfinderischen Verfahrens kann in diesem Zusammenhang an Offsetdruckmaschinen dadurch erreicht werden, daß nach dem Einlaufvorgang die Farbauftragwalzen kurzzeitig an den Formzylinder angestellt werden, ohne daß die Feuchtwalzen angestellt sind. Dabei wird dann die Druckform vollständig mit Druckfarbe überzogen. Nachdem die Farbauftragwalzen wieder abgestellt sind, werden nun die Feuchtwalzen an den Formzylinder angestellt. Durch die eingebrachte Feuchtmittelmenge und die farbfreundliche Oberflächencharakteristik zumindest der Feuchtauftragwalzen wird die Druckfarbe wieder von den nicht druckenden Flächenanteilen der Druckform entfernt. Man spricht dabei vom sogenannten "Freilaufen". Beim Freilaufen werden gleichzeitig die Feuchtwalzen mit Druckfarbe versorgt, wodurch dort die erforderliche Grundfarbschicht auf einfache Weise erzeugt werden kann.In modern offset printing machines, a connection between the inking unit and the dampening unit is usually provided in order to be able to better control the ink-water balance during the printing process. With today's variety of printing aids, it is important to include this connection in the proposed running-in process, since it may also be necessary to supply a dampening roller with printing ink. This is done via a switchable roller connection between the inking unit and dampening unit. For certain subjects, substrates or printing inks, however, it can be disadvantageous if the ink is enriched too early on the dampening roller. A Emulsion formation can hinder the printing process. Therefore, the method also provides for the switchable connection to be operated independently of the other setting values when the compensation layer is applied to printing ink. The printer makes this setting itself.
A further advantageous development of the method according to the invention can be achieved in this context on offset printing presses in that after the running-in process, the inking rollers are placed briefly on the forme cylinder without the dampening rollers being turned on. The printing form is then completely covered with printing ink. After the inking rollers are switched off again, the dampening rollers are now placed on the forme cylinder. The amount of dampening solution introduced and the color-friendly surface characteristics of at least the dampening application rollers remove the printing ink from the non-printing surface areas of the printing form. One speaks of the so-called "free running". When freewheeling, the dampening rollers are simultaneously supplied with printing ink, so that the required basic ink layer can be produced there in a simple manner.

Zur Bedienung der Druckmaschine ist ein Voreinstellmenue für den Einlaufvorgang vorgesehen, in dem alle notwendigen Parameter einstellbar sind.
Im Voreinstellmenue sind die folgenden Zuordnungen gegeben:

  • Bereiche von Flächendeckungswerten der Druckformen sind diskreten Stellungen der Farbdosierelemente zugeordnet,
  • die Stellungen der Farbdosierelemente sind für jedes Druckwerk mit Korrekturfaktoren versehen,
  • es ist eine Einlaufgeschwindigkeit vorgegeben und
  • es ist eine Anzahl an Umdrehungen für den Einlaufvorgang vorgegeben.
Alle Werte können vom Drucker angepaßt werden. Um unterschiedliche Verhältnisse für jedes Druckwerk der Druckmaschine berücksichtigen zu können, sind Stellbefehle für die Farbwerkswalzen und die Feuchtwerkswalzen eingebbar. Damit kann angegeben werden, ob ein Druckwerk mit Druckfarbe versorgt werden soll oder nicht. Entsprechendes gilt für das Feuchtwerk, wobei hier die Einstellung auch bedeutet, daß bei zugeschaltetem Farbwerk die Verbindung zwischen Farb- und Feuchtwerk beim Einlaufvorgang zu- oder abgeschaltet ist.
Die Farbzufuhr wird für jedes Farbwerk über die gewählten Bereichsgrenzen entsprechend der Sujeteinteilung mittels der Korrekturfaktoren gesteuert. Die Farbführung kann aber auch noch durch die Korrekturfaktoren beeinflußt werden, um praktische Bedürfnisse z.B. von speziellen Wünschen der Einfärbung ausgehend, zu berücksichtigen.A presetting menu for the running-in process is provided for operating the printing press, in which all necessary parameters can be set.
The following assignments are given in the presetting menu:
  • Areas of area coverage values of the printing forms are assigned to discrete positions of the ink metering elements,
  • the positions of the ink metering elements are provided with correction factors for each printing unit,
  • an entry speed is specified and
  • a number of revolutions is given for the running-in process.
All values can be adjusted by the printer. In order to be able to take into account different conditions for each printing unit of the printing press, setting commands for the inking unit rollers and the dampening unit rollers can be entered. It can be used to specify whether a printing unit should be supplied with printing ink or not. The same applies to the dampening system, with the setting here also means that when the inking unit is switched on, the connection between the inking and dampening units is switched on or off during the running-in process.
The ink supply is controlled for each inking unit via the selected area limits according to the subject division using the correction factors. The color scheme can also be influenced by the correction factors, in order to take into account practical needs, for example based on special requests for coloring.

Claims (12)

  1. Process for generating a layer thickness distribution of printing ink matched to continuous printing in an inking/damping unit of a printing press, preferably an offset printing press, for the preparation for a print order to be carried out or the continuation of an interrupted print order, wherein the printing press is provided with an ink fountain, an ink fountain roller, zonally arranged metering elements, a roller train consisting of a plurality of inking unit rollers and a print forme cylinder wherein, in accordance with the process, a defined quantity of ink is distributed on to the inking unit rollers, in that the printing press with the paper feed adjusted off and the inking unit rollers separated from the print forme cylinder with evenly opened ink metering elements and defined adjustment of the ductor roller is driven until a basic ink quantity is present in the inking unit and then an ink metering profile necessary for the print order is adjusted on the ink metering elements and the printing press is put into operation for the print order, characterised in that
    - the basic ink quantity for filling the inking unit is determined depending upon the ink need of the print order to be carried out,
    - therefrom a compensating layer thickness is determined,
    - the ink metering elements are adjusted corresponding to the compensating layer thickness,
    and
    - the printing press with this adjustment is driven for such a time until the ink layer thickness adjusted on the ink metering elements on all inking unit rollers is evenly, or substantially evenly, present.
  2. Process according to Claim 1, characterised in that the basic ink quantity and the compensating layer thickness are determined by calculation following the ink splitting laws from the ink needs corresponding to the printing surface proportion of a print forme to be printed.
  3. Process according to Claim 1, characterised in that the basic ink quantity and the compensation layer thickness are determined from the ink quantity present in the inking unit on a print interruption.
  4. Process according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that for determining the basic ink quantity for determining the compensating layer thickness, a number of classes of print forme to be printed are constructed, wherein in each class corresponding to the surface proportion of the print forme to be printed corresponds to a given region, for example of a small average and large ink need, and thereby differing basic ink quantities and each class is allocated to a defined compensating layer thickness.
  5. Process according to Claim 4, characterised in that the class of a printing forme is determined empirically.
  6. Process according to Claim 4, characterised in that the class of a printing forme is determined by calculation corresponding to a measurement of the surface parts of the print forme to be printed.
  7. Process according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that during the running-in process the printing press is driven with maximum rotational speed.
  8. Process according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the control of the ductor roller is set to the maximum possible bearing width against the ink fountain roller.
  9. Process according to Claims 8 and 9, characterised in that the printing press is driven at maximum rotational speed for about 300 revolutions.
  10. Process according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterised in that during the running-in process, the ductor roller on all of the print units is set to the maximum possible bearing width against the ink fountain roller and the printing press is driven at a maximum rotational speed for about 300 revolutions.
  11. Process according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterised in that a switchable connection roller between inking and damping unit rollers, e.g. a bridging roller is switched in or out during the running-in process independently of the adjustments chosen.
  12. Process according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterised in that a connection roller between inking and damping unit rollers is switched off before the beginning of the running-in process, that after running-in of the compensating layer thickness, the ink applicator rollers are set against the printing forme cylinder until the printing forme is fully inked up, and that the ink applicator rollers are set off and the damping applicator rollers set on until the non-printing parts of the print forme are again free of ink.
EP95114700A 1994-04-14 1995-09-19 Method for generating an ink layer with a thickness oriented to the production job in an inking unit Expired - Lifetime EP0706885B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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DE4436953A DE4436953C1 (en) 1994-10-15 1994-10-15 Method for generating an ink layer thickness distribution on inking rollers of an inking unit of a printing press

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JPH1016193A (en) * 1996-06-27 1998-01-20 Komori Corp Method of controlling ink film thickness
DE19800475A1 (en) * 1998-01-09 1999-07-15 Koenig & Bauer Ag Method and device for influencing the color distribution
DE19801623B4 (en) * 1998-01-17 2004-02-05 Man Roland Druckmaschinen Ag Method for operating an offset rotary printing press
DE29807277U1 (en) * 1998-04-22 1998-07-02 MAN Roland Druckmaschinen AG, 63075 Offenbach Control for a jack inking unit of a printing machine
DE59904832D1 (en) * 1998-12-11 2003-05-08 Koenig & Bauer Ag Process for setting a production color profile
DE19857219C2 (en) * 1998-12-11 2001-12-13 Koenig & Bauer Ag Process for setting a production color profile
DE19857218C2 (en) * 1998-12-11 2001-12-13 Koenig & Bauer Ag Process for setting a production color profile
DE10056248A1 (en) * 1999-12-06 2001-06-07 Heidelberger Druckmasch Ag Method for controlling the color-content in printing machine color mechanism, involves varying width of color strip on lifter roller, in dependence on a desired value
DE10159698B4 (en) * 2000-12-14 2015-03-26 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag A method of adjusting an amount of ink supplied to a printing cylinder of a printing press
DE10115121B4 (en) * 2001-03-27 2005-11-17 Man Roland Druckmaschinen Ag Method and device for producing a color distribution in the inking unit of printing machines
DE10225244B4 (en) * 2002-06-07 2016-02-04 Koenig & Bauer Ag Method for starting the printing after a print interruption
JP4064882B2 (en) * 2003-07-07 2008-03-19 リョービ株式会社 Ink quantity control device for printing press
JP3976727B2 (en) * 2003-12-08 2007-09-19 リョービ株式会社 Ink kneading method of printing machine and printing machine
DE102005013634A1 (en) * 2005-03-24 2006-09-28 Man Roland Druckmaschinen Ag Method for operating a printing press
EP1728628A1 (en) * 2005-06-01 2006-12-06 Kba-Giori S.A. Typographic printing machine with independent drive means
DE102007029341A1 (en) * 2007-06-26 2009-01-15 Maschinenfabrik Wifag Method and device for applying a dampening solution or a paint
DE102009027383A1 (en) 2009-07-01 2011-01-05 Manroland Ag Methods for determining presetting parameters for inking printing unit of printing machine, involves subdivided printed subject into color zones with defined axial extension
DE102009027384A1 (en) 2009-07-01 2011-01-05 Manroland Ag Method for determining preset parameters for an inking unit

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DE3707695A1 (en) * 1987-03-11 1988-09-22 Heidelberger Druckmasch Ag METHOD FOR DEFINED PRODUCTION OF A COLOR DISTRIBUTION CLOSE TO CONTINUOUS PRINTING IN THE INKING UNIT OF ROTATIONAL PRINTING MACHINES
US5148747A (en) * 1989-06-19 1992-09-22 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag Process for setting a production run ink zone profile
EP0403861B1 (en) * 1989-06-19 1994-08-31 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Aktiengesellschaft Method of rapid attainment of print-readiness
DE4013463A1 (en) * 1990-04-27 1991-11-07 Heidelberger Druckmasch Ag PREPARATION OF THE INK OF A PRINTING MACHINE WHEN CHANGING PRINT ORDERS
JP3068210B2 (en) * 1990-12-06 2000-07-24 三菱重工業株式会社 Ink supply control device

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DE59500288D1 (en) 1997-07-10
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JP3459321B2 (en) 2003-10-20
EP0706885A1 (en) 1996-04-17
ATE153914T1 (en) 1997-06-15
US5590599A (en) 1997-01-07

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