EP0703638B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verbreiterung des Strahlungsdiagramms einer aktiven Antenne - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verbreiterung des Strahlungsdiagramms einer aktiven Antenne Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0703638B1
EP0703638B1 EP95402101A EP95402101A EP0703638B1 EP 0703638 B1 EP0703638 B1 EP 0703638B1 EP 95402101 A EP95402101 A EP 95402101A EP 95402101 A EP95402101 A EP 95402101A EP 0703638 B1 EP0703638 B1 EP 0703638B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
beams
phase
columns
radar
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95402101A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0703638A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Marcy
Joseph Roger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thomson CSF SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson CSF SA filed Critical Thomson CSF SA
Publication of EP0703638A1 publication Critical patent/EP0703638A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0703638B1 publication Critical patent/EP0703638B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
    • H01Q3/36—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/22—Antenna units of the array energised non-uniformly in amplitude or phase, e.g. tapered array or binomial array
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device broadening the radiation pattern of an active antenna.
  • Active antennas are used more and more in speed cameras because they provide many advantages over conventional electronic scanning antennas. Among these advantages are note in particular the use of solid state components, better yield and a gentle degradation of their characteristics.
  • Another advantage of active antennas is to be able to combine by calculation the signals received from the elementary sources of the antenna for simultaneously obtain the equivalent of a multitude of diagrams antenna. This is a technique known as “formation of beams by calculation ". This requires that the space covered by this set of beams was illuminated by the emission of the radar.
  • the present invention relates to a method for expanding the radiation pattern of an active radar antenna so that the enlargement factor can be much greater than 2, without as much decrease the range of the radar, and without modifying the regime of operation of the power amplifiers of this radar, while obtaining a correct radiation pattern.
  • the present invention also relates to a radar setting implements the process of the invention.
  • the object of the invention is therefore the process of widening the radiation pattern of a active antenna comprising k.n columns or rows, of active modules, k being an integer greater than or equal to 1, according to claim 1.
  • the radar according to the invention comprises a transmitter, a receiver and an antenna comprising k.n columns of active modules, and phase shifters according to claim 4.
  • an active antenna 1 comprising n * m active modules MA arranged in a Cartesian network of n columns C1 to Cn each comprising m modules referenced, in each column, MA1 to MAm.
  • the MA modules in each column are connected to a corresponding column distributor, respectively D1 to Dn.
  • Each of these distributors is connected by a receiver element, respectively R1 to Rn, to a beam-forming matrix 2, in a deposit for example.
  • This matrix 2 is either an analog beam forming matrix, or a beamforming matrix by calculation.
  • Matrix 2 is connected to a radar transmitter not shown.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of a diagram of the phases of the signals applied, in transmission, to the antenna 1.
  • the number n of columns is a multiple of 3.
  • the antenna is divided into three adjacent thirds each with the same number of columns, referenced TG (left third), TC (central third) and TD (right third), on the figure 2.
  • TG left third
  • TC central third
  • TD right third
  • Each of these third parties receives a phase law varying linearly with the abscissa of the column considered, but the slope of these linear laws varies from one third to another.
  • Each third of the antenna thus generates a beam directive whose pointing direction is defined by the slope of its law of phase.
  • the slopes of the three phase laws must have a sufficient distance so that the three bundles supplied are well separated and do not interfere with each other. From a practical point of view, we can estimate that this condition is fulfilled when the separation between the axes of the beams exceed three times the 3 dB width of these beams. So the three beams are far enough from each other not to create mutual interference, while presenting an emission diagram widened (of total width equal to nine times the width of the nominal beam of the antenna).
  • the difference between the axis of the left lobe and the axis of the central lobe is equal to the difference between the axis of the central lobe and the axis of the right lobe.
  • each has a width substantially equal to the nominal angular width of the complete antenna.
  • matrix 2 of FIG. 1 which simultaneously implements nine laws of different phases, from linear preferences, which cover the angular range (in deposit in this case) in which the energy was radiated resignation.
  • Figure 4 we have shown in Figure 4 that four of these phase laws.
  • the phase laws are chosen to so as to obtain, for example, three groups of three adjacent beams, each group covering one of the enlarged lobes in which was carried out transmission.
  • the beams are generally moved (new, in this case) thus formed, in order to cover without "holes" the area angular (on site and / or in deposit) monitored. This move is made by simultaneously varying the phases of the groups of beams.
  • the method of the invention can be associated with conventional beam widening methods.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Verfahren zur Verbreiterung des Strahlungsdiagramms einer aktiven Antenne mit k·n Spalten oder Zeilen von aktiven Moduln, wobei k eine ganze Zahl größer/gleich eins ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es darin besteht, die Antenne in n benachbarte Gruppen von k Spalten zu unterteilen, sendeseitig an jede der Gruppen ein Signal mit einem eigenen Phasengesetz zur Formung von n Sendestrahlen anzulegen und empfangsseitig n2 gleichzeitige Strahlen zu formen, die je eine Winkelbreite gleich der Winkelbreite des Nennstrahls der vollständigen Antenne besitzen, wobei die Phasenverschiebungen bezüglich dieser Strahlen je einem anderen Gesetz folgen und die Gesamtheit der Sende- und Empfangsstrahlen global verschoben wird, um den gesamten gewünschten Winkelbereich zu überdecken.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sendeseitig mindestens ein Teil der Phasengesetze linear ist.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß empfangsseitig mindestens ein Teil der verschiedenen Phasengesetze linear ist.
  4. Radarsystem mit einem Sender, einem Empfänger und einer Antenne, die k·n Spalten oder Zeilen von aktiven Moduln und Phasenschieber enthält, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Sender Schaltungen besitzt, die für jede der n benachbarten Gruppen von k Spalten aktiver Moduln (MA) unterschiedliche Steuersignale an die entsprechenden Phasenschieber (D1, ..., Dn) anlegen, daß der Empfänger an eine Strahlformungsmatrix (2) angeschlossen ist und daß die Phasenschieber und die Matrix gemäß dem Verfahren der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 gesteuert werden.
  5. Radarsystem nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Strahlformungsmatrix durch Berechnung gesteuert wird.
  6. Radarsystem nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Strahlformungsmatrix analog gesteuert wird.
EP95402101A 1994-09-23 1995-09-19 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verbreiterung des Strahlungsdiagramms einer aktiven Antenne Expired - Lifetime EP0703638B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9411377 1994-09-23
FR9411377A FR2725075B1 (fr) 1994-09-23 1994-09-23 Procede et dispositif d'elargissement du diagramme de rayonnement d'une antenne active

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0703638A1 EP0703638A1 (de) 1996-03-27
EP0703638B1 true EP0703638B1 (de) 2000-07-19

Family

ID=9467215

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95402101A Expired - Lifetime EP0703638B1 (de) 1994-09-23 1995-09-19 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verbreiterung des Strahlungsdiagramms einer aktiven Antenne

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5774090A (de)
EP (1) EP0703638B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69518048T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2725075B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6583760B2 (en) 1998-12-17 2003-06-24 Metawave Communications Corporation Dual mode switched beam antenna
US6198434B1 (en) 1998-12-17 2001-03-06 Metawave Communications Corporation Dual mode switched beam antenna

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3509577A (en) * 1968-11-14 1970-04-28 Gen Electric Tandem series-feed system for array antennas
FR2101100B1 (de) * 1970-08-21 1973-11-23 Thomson Csf
FR2153164B1 (de) * 1971-09-22 1976-10-29 Thomson Csf
FR2646924B1 (fr) * 1976-07-13 1991-10-25 Thomson Csf Procede et dispositif d'antibrouillage d'un equipement de detection electromagnetique comportant une antenne a reflecteur, antenne et equipement ainsi obtenus
FR2638531B1 (fr) * 1988-10-28 1992-03-20 Thomson Csf Systeme d'integration des voies somme et difference i.f.f. dans une antenne de surveillance radar
FR2640821B1 (fr) * 1988-12-16 1991-05-31 Thomson Csf Antenne a couverture tridimensionnelle et balayage electronique, du type reseau volumique rarefie aleatoire
FR2649544B1 (fr) * 1989-07-04 1991-11-29 Thomson Csf Systeme d'antenne a faisceaux multiples a modules actifs et formation de faisceaux par le calcul numerique
FR2649490B1 (fr) * 1989-07-07 1991-09-20 Thomson Csf Capteur de rayonnement d'energie electromagnetique
FR2649543B1 (fr) * 1989-07-07 1991-11-29 Thomson Csf Distributeur d'energie hyperfrequence pouvant rayonner directement
FR2654555B1 (fr) * 1989-11-14 1992-06-19 Thomson Csf Guide a fentes rayonnantes non inclinees a excitation par motif rayonnant.
FR2655202B1 (fr) * 1989-11-24 1992-02-07 Thomson Csf Antenne a polarisation circulaire, notamment pour reseau d'antennes.
FR2664985B1 (fr) * 1990-07-20 1992-11-27 Thomson Csf Dispositif de mesure de l'angle de site pour un radar equipe d'une antenne a reflecteur du type a double courbure.
DE69319689T2 (de) * 1992-10-28 1999-02-25 Atr Optical And Radio Communications Research Laboratories, Kyoto Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Steuerung einer Gruppenantenne mit einer Vielzahl von Antennenelementen
FR2697949B1 (fr) * 1992-11-06 1995-01-06 Thomson Csf Antenne pour radar notamment de désignation et de trajectographie.
US5414433A (en) * 1994-02-16 1995-05-09 Raytheon Company Phased array radar antenna with two-stage time delay units

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69518048D1 (de) 2000-08-24
DE69518048T2 (de) 2001-03-22
FR2725075A1 (fr) 1996-03-29
US5774090A (en) 1998-06-30
FR2725075B1 (fr) 1996-11-15
EP0703638A1 (de) 1996-03-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0651461B1 (de) Antenne mit Strahlergruppe
EP0497652B1 (de) Vorrichtung zur elektronischen Steuerung des Strahlungsdiagrammes einer Einfach-/Mehrfach-Strahlenantenne mit variabler Richtung und/oder Breite
US5034752A (en) Multiple-beam antenna system with active modules and digital beam-forming
US4277787A (en) Charge transfer device phased array beamsteering and multibeam beamformer
FR2741750A1 (fr) Antenne a aerien en phase
US3978482A (en) Dynamically focused thinned array
EP2296007B1 (de) Radar mit Strahlagilität für Erkennung und Vermeidung von Hindernissen
EP0307338B1 (de) Mikrowellenplattenantenne, insbesondere für Dopplerradar
US20020013133A1 (en) Mixed signal true time delay digital beamformer
EP0723308A1 (de) Mehrkeulenantenne von hoher Kapazität mit elektronisch gesteuertem Abtasten beim Senden
FR2766017A1 (fr) Antenne reseau antibrouillee
US5257031A (en) Multibeam antenna which can provide different beam positions according to the angular sector of interest
FR2491686A1 (fr) Antenne directive de radar multimode a alimentation double
EP0451497B1 (de) Verfahren zur Formung des Strahlendiagrammes einer aktiven Radarantenne mit elektronisch gesteuerter Ablenkung, und Antenne dazu
FR2679704A1 (fr) Antenne-reseau pour ondes hyperfrequences.
EP0703638B1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verbreiterung des Strahlungsdiagramms einer aktiven Antenne
EP3159965B1 (de) Antennennetzsender für ein monoimpulsradarsystem
FR2614471A1 (fr) Systeme d'antenne adaptatif pour ondes radioelectriques, notamment d'hyperfrequences
EP0512487B1 (de) Antenne mit geformter Strahlungskeule und hohem Gewinn
US6307506B1 (en) Method and apparatus for enhancing the directional transmission and reception of information
EP1533866B1 (de) Adaptive Phasengesteuerte Gruppenantenne mit digitaler Keulenformung
EP1351333A2 (de) Adaptive Gruppenantenne und Radar mit einer solchen Antenne
EP2363917B1 (de) Erzeuger von rekonfigurierbaren Analogkanälen für eine Gruppenantenne
WO1986000760A1 (en) Multibeam antenna, which can provide different beam positions according to the angular sector of interest
US6255990B1 (en) Processor for two-dimensional array antenna

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19961107

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19991026

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 69518048

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20000824

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 20000926

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: CD

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20040915

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20040916

Year of fee payment: 10

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20050919

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050919

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: CL

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: AU

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20060401

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20050919

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20091012

Year of fee payment: 15

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20110531

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20100930