EP0703638B1 - Procédé et dispositif d'élargissement du diagramme de rayonnement d'une antenne active - Google Patents
Procédé et dispositif d'élargissement du diagramme de rayonnement d'une antenne active Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0703638B1 EP0703638B1 EP95402101A EP95402101A EP0703638B1 EP 0703638 B1 EP0703638 B1 EP 0703638B1 EP 95402101 A EP95402101 A EP 95402101A EP 95402101 A EP95402101 A EP 95402101A EP 0703638 B1 EP0703638 B1 EP 0703638B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- beams
- phase
- columns
- radar
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002592 echocardiography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000135 prohibitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
- H01Q3/36—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/22—Antenna units of the array energised non-uniformly in amplitude or phase, e.g. tapered array or binomial array
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and a device broadening the radiation pattern of an active antenna.
- Active antennas are used more and more in speed cameras because they provide many advantages over conventional electronic scanning antennas. Among these advantages are note in particular the use of solid state components, better yield and a gentle degradation of their characteristics.
- Another advantage of active antennas is to be able to combine by calculation the signals received from the elementary sources of the antenna for simultaneously obtain the equivalent of a multitude of diagrams antenna. This is a technique known as “formation of beams by calculation ". This requires that the space covered by this set of beams was illuminated by the emission of the radar.
- the present invention relates to a method for expanding the radiation pattern of an active radar antenna so that the enlargement factor can be much greater than 2, without as much decrease the range of the radar, and without modifying the regime of operation of the power amplifiers of this radar, while obtaining a correct radiation pattern.
- the present invention also relates to a radar setting implements the process of the invention.
- the object of the invention is therefore the process of widening the radiation pattern of a active antenna comprising k.n columns or rows, of active modules, k being an integer greater than or equal to 1, according to claim 1.
- the radar according to the invention comprises a transmitter, a receiver and an antenna comprising k.n columns of active modules, and phase shifters according to claim 4.
- an active antenna 1 comprising n * m active modules MA arranged in a Cartesian network of n columns C1 to Cn each comprising m modules referenced, in each column, MA1 to MAm.
- the MA modules in each column are connected to a corresponding column distributor, respectively D1 to Dn.
- Each of these distributors is connected by a receiver element, respectively R1 to Rn, to a beam-forming matrix 2, in a deposit for example.
- This matrix 2 is either an analog beam forming matrix, or a beamforming matrix by calculation.
- Matrix 2 is connected to a radar transmitter not shown.
- FIG. 2 shows an example of a diagram of the phases of the signals applied, in transmission, to the antenna 1.
- the number n of columns is a multiple of 3.
- the antenna is divided into three adjacent thirds each with the same number of columns, referenced TG (left third), TC (central third) and TD (right third), on the figure 2.
- TG left third
- TC central third
- TD right third
- Each of these third parties receives a phase law varying linearly with the abscissa of the column considered, but the slope of these linear laws varies from one third to another.
- Each third of the antenna thus generates a beam directive whose pointing direction is defined by the slope of its law of phase.
- the slopes of the three phase laws must have a sufficient distance so that the three bundles supplied are well separated and do not interfere with each other. From a practical point of view, we can estimate that this condition is fulfilled when the separation between the axes of the beams exceed three times the 3 dB width of these beams. So the three beams are far enough from each other not to create mutual interference, while presenting an emission diagram widened (of total width equal to nine times the width of the nominal beam of the antenna).
- the difference between the axis of the left lobe and the axis of the central lobe is equal to the difference between the axis of the central lobe and the axis of the right lobe.
- each has a width substantially equal to the nominal angular width of the complete antenna.
- matrix 2 of FIG. 1 which simultaneously implements nine laws of different phases, from linear preferences, which cover the angular range (in deposit in this case) in which the energy was radiated resignation.
- Figure 4 we have shown in Figure 4 that four of these phase laws.
- the phase laws are chosen to so as to obtain, for example, three groups of three adjacent beams, each group covering one of the enlarged lobes in which was carried out transmission.
- the beams are generally moved (new, in this case) thus formed, in order to cover without "holes" the area angular (on site and / or in deposit) monitored. This move is made by simultaneously varying the phases of the groups of beams.
- the method of the invention can be associated with conventional beam widening methods.
Landscapes
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Description
- la figure 1 est un schéma simplifié d'une partie d'un radar conforme à l'invention,
- la figure 2 est un diagramme des déphasages appliqués en émission, aux différentes parties de l'antenne de la figure 1, dans le cas où cette antenne est divisée en trois parties,
- la figure 3 est un diagramme des faisceaux d'émission, en fonction du gisement, de l'antenne de l'invention, à laquelle sont appliqués les déphasages selon la figure 2,
- la figure 4 est un diagramme des lois de phase appliquées en réception à l'antenne de l'invention, et
- la figure 5 est un diagramme des faisceaux de réception, en fonction du gisement, de l'antenne de l'invention.
Claims (6)
- Procédé d'élargissement du diagramme de rayonnement d'une antenne active comportant k.n colonnes ou lignes de modules actifs, k étant un entier supérieur ou égal à 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à diviser l'antenne en n groupes adjacents de k colonnes à appliquer, en émission, à chacun des n groupes un signal avec une loi de phase propre pour former n faisceaux d'émission, et à la réception, à former n2 faisceaux simultanés, chacun ayant une largeur angulaire égale à la largeur angulaire du faisceau nominal de l'antenne complète, les déphasages relatifs de ces faisceaux suivant chacune une loi différente, cet ensemble de faisceaux d'émission et de réception étant déplacé globalement pour couvrir l'ensemble du domaine angulaire désiré.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'en émission au moins une partie des lois de phases sont linéaires.
- Procédé selon les revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'en réception, au moins une partie des différentes lois de déphasage sont linéaires.
- Radar comportant un émetteur, un récepteur et une antenne comportant k.n colonnes ou lignes de modules actifs et des déphaseurs, caractérisé en ce que l'émetteur comporte des circuits appliquant, pour chacun de n groupes adjacents de k colonnes de modules actifs (MA), des signaux de commande différents aux déphaseurs correspondants (D1...Dn), le récepteur est relié à une matrice de formation de faisceaux (2) et lesdits déphaseurs et la matrice sont commandés selon le procédé des revendications 1 à 3.
- Radar selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la matrice de formation de faisceaux est du type à formation de faisceaux par le calcul.
- Radar selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la matrice de formation de faisceaux est du type analogique.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9411377 | 1994-09-23 | ||
FR9411377A FR2725075B1 (fr) | 1994-09-23 | 1994-09-23 | Procede et dispositif d'elargissement du diagramme de rayonnement d'une antenne active |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0703638A1 EP0703638A1 (fr) | 1996-03-27 |
EP0703638B1 true EP0703638B1 (fr) | 2000-07-19 |
Family
ID=9467215
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95402101A Expired - Lifetime EP0703638B1 (fr) | 1994-09-23 | 1995-09-19 | Procédé et dispositif d'élargissement du diagramme de rayonnement d'une antenne active |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5774090A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0703638B1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69518048T2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2725075B1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6583760B2 (en) | 1998-12-17 | 2003-06-24 | Metawave Communications Corporation | Dual mode switched beam antenna |
US6198434B1 (en) | 1998-12-17 | 2001-03-06 | Metawave Communications Corporation | Dual mode switched beam antenna |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3509577A (en) * | 1968-11-14 | 1970-04-28 | Gen Electric | Tandem series-feed system for array antennas |
FR2101100B1 (fr) * | 1970-08-21 | 1973-11-23 | Thomson Csf | |
FR2153164B1 (fr) * | 1971-09-22 | 1976-10-29 | Thomson Csf | |
FR2646924B1 (fr) * | 1976-07-13 | 1991-10-25 | Thomson Csf | Procede et dispositif d'antibrouillage d'un equipement de detection electromagnetique comportant une antenne a reflecteur, antenne et equipement ainsi obtenus |
FR2638531B1 (fr) * | 1988-10-28 | 1992-03-20 | Thomson Csf | Systeme d'integration des voies somme et difference i.f.f. dans une antenne de surveillance radar |
FR2640821B1 (fr) * | 1988-12-16 | 1991-05-31 | Thomson Csf | Antenne a couverture tridimensionnelle et balayage electronique, du type reseau volumique rarefie aleatoire |
FR2649544B1 (fr) * | 1989-07-04 | 1991-11-29 | Thomson Csf | Systeme d'antenne a faisceaux multiples a modules actifs et formation de faisceaux par le calcul numerique |
FR2649490B1 (fr) * | 1989-07-07 | 1991-09-20 | Thomson Csf | Capteur de rayonnement d'energie electromagnetique |
FR2649543B1 (fr) * | 1989-07-07 | 1991-11-29 | Thomson Csf | Distributeur d'energie hyperfrequence pouvant rayonner directement |
FR2654555B1 (fr) * | 1989-11-14 | 1992-06-19 | Thomson Csf | Guide a fentes rayonnantes non inclinees a excitation par motif rayonnant. |
FR2655202B1 (fr) * | 1989-11-24 | 1992-02-07 | Thomson Csf | Antenne a polarisation circulaire, notamment pour reseau d'antennes. |
FR2664985B1 (fr) * | 1990-07-20 | 1992-11-27 | Thomson Csf | Dispositif de mesure de l'angle de site pour un radar equipe d'une antenne a reflecteur du type a double courbure. |
DE69319689T2 (de) * | 1992-10-28 | 1999-02-25 | Atr Optical And Radio Communications Research Laboratories, Kyoto | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Steuerung einer Gruppenantenne mit einer Vielzahl von Antennenelementen |
FR2697949B1 (fr) * | 1992-11-06 | 1995-01-06 | Thomson Csf | Antenne pour radar notamment de désignation et de trajectographie. |
US5414433A (en) * | 1994-02-16 | 1995-05-09 | Raytheon Company | Phased array radar antenna with two-stage time delay units |
-
1994
- 1994-09-23 FR FR9411377A patent/FR2725075B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-09-18 US US08/529,612 patent/US5774090A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-09-19 DE DE69518048T patent/DE69518048T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-09-19 EP EP95402101A patent/EP0703638B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69518048D1 (de) | 2000-08-24 |
DE69518048T2 (de) | 2001-03-22 |
FR2725075A1 (fr) | 1996-03-29 |
US5774090A (en) | 1998-06-30 |
FR2725075B1 (fr) | 1996-11-15 |
EP0703638A1 (fr) | 1996-03-27 |
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